CN108504442A - A kind of method of Enzymatic Extraction cyperus esculentus oil - Google Patents
A kind of method of Enzymatic Extraction cyperus esculentus oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108504442A CN108504442A CN201710103311.4A CN201710103311A CN108504442A CN 108504442 A CN108504442 A CN 108504442A CN 201710103311 A CN201710103311 A CN 201710103311A CN 108504442 A CN108504442 A CN 108504442A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- esculentus
- phosphatidase
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- cyperue esculentus
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a kind of methods for extracting cyperus esculentus oil using phosphatidase, and cyperus esculentus oil is extracted by processes such as peeling, crushing, enzymolysis, centrifugation, refinings.It is removed the peel in process and adds a certain amount of Na in scalding water-bath2SO3, the crust of cyperue esculentus is assisted in removing, the fiber content in slurries is reduced, and its endogenous enzymes is made to inactivate.It digests in process and alpha amylase, phosphatidase and protease is successively added, it is digested stage by stage, a certain amount of phosphatidase is especially added, it is to convert the non-hydratable phospholipid in cyperue esculentus, oil yield can be improved, and follow-up aquation degumming step can be reduced, the refining that cyperus esculentus oil only can be realized by alkali-refining deacidification, dehydration purifies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of cyperus esculentus oil, relate generally to a kind of extracting cyperus esculentus oil using phosphatidase
Method.
Background technology
Cyperue esculentus is Cyperaceae annual plant, is that the very high oil of a kind of high-quality, high yield, comprehensive utilization value, grain are multi-purpose
Commercial crop plants, the varietal adaptation is strong, and yield is high, the general fresh beans 1000Kg of per mu yield, dry beans 500kg, and 1 mu of cyperue esculentus of kind is suitable
In 7~10 mu of rapes.Cyperue esculentus fat content is up to 35% or so, and cyperue esculentus oil quality is fabulous, because it is rich in unsaturated fat
Acid（Saturated acid 20%, oleic acid 64%, linoleic acid 11%, linolenic acid 2%）, olive oil and almond oil phase that can be best with current quality
It matches in excellence or beauty.
The extraction process of cyperus esculentus oil is generally divided into two kinds：One is physical squeezing extracting method, another kind is to leach to carry
Take method.Physical squeezing method can utmostly keep the various nutritional ingredients in cyperus esculentus oil not to be destroyed, but technique ten
It is point cumbersome, and squeezing process oil yield is not high, and also because of its pyroprocess Maillard reaction can occur for material in extraction process
Keep the color burn of grease, oil product condition bad.It leaches processing technology to be leached with organic solvent, oil yield is than physical squeezing method
Height, but desolvation process is needed after extraction, equipment is more, investment is big, pollution is heavy, while federation's residual minim in product oil
Solvent influences the health of consumer.
Through inquiring relevant technical document in recent years, the method for describing some aqueous enzymatic extraction cyperus esculentus oils successively.
In the national inventing patent CN102311867A announced, a kind of " side of extracting Cyperus esculentus oil by aqueous enzymatic extraction-freeze-thaw coupling technology
In method " application documents, using alkali protease and cellulase compound collecting cyperus esculentus oil, in order to overcome aqueous enzymatic method oil extracting rate
Lower defect, this application file proposes after the completion of enzymolysis, and enzymolysis liquid is placed in 30min in -30 DEG C of ultra low temperature freezer,
Melt at room temperature later, then centrifuges and prepare crude oil.This scheme there are the problem of there are two：First, since aqueous enzymatic method can not remove
Non-hydratable phospholipid in grease, for gained crude oil when carrying out degumming and refining, complex technical process can not embody the advanced of aqueous enzymatic method
Property；Two low temperature environments for being to provide -30 DEG C need to consume the energy, and room temperature thawing needs the time to wait for, in commercial production conditions
Under, raise cost, it is difficult to implement.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems, such as that above-mentioned technique exists and defect, the present invention provide a kind of aqueous enzymatic method side applying phosphatidase
Case carries out cyperus esculentus oil extraction.
In oilseed cell interior, grease exists in the form of triglycerides, is responsible for synthesizing by endoplasmic reticulum enzyme.When inside
Between matter net duplicature leaflet at oleosin site assemble grease reach a certain amount of after, these greases will with it is spherical through sprout into
Enter cytoplasm.Each grease ball surface is made of single phospholipid membrane at this time, is inlaid with oleosin and some other albumen thereon
Matter.Wherein there are oleosin figure spike-like structures, axis stem portion to be made of hydrophobic amino acid, and head is then amphipathic structure.
Under aqueous environment, the hydrated phospholipid in oily ball single phospholipid membrane can be removed by being dispersed in water, and utilize phosphatidase
Effect, non-hydratable phospholipid will be hydrolyzed into hemolytic phosphatide, and hemolytic phosphatide has good hydrophily, can also utilize aquation
Method removes.Protein along with the fixed single phospholipid membrane of effect hydrolysis removal of binding protein enzyme and amylase liquefaction
Starch in cyperue esculentus can be such that the grease in cyperue esculentus is finally discharged into water phase.And since this scheme is in grease extraction rank
Section completely eliminated phosphatide, can reduce the purification step of degumming raw oil, simplify the purification process of crude oil, reduce the purifying of crude oil at
This.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following step：
A, it removes the peel：The cyperue esculentus of fresh acquisition is placed in 10~30min of scalding in 80~95 DEG C of water-bath, adds accounting for oil in water-bath
The Na of Sha's beans weight 0.01~0.1%2SO3, scalding washes by rubbing with the hands after terminating through clear water, removes cyperue esculentus epidermis and its absorption
Na2SO3, obtain smooth, clean, neutral cyperue esculentus fruit；
B, it crushes：Smooth, clean, the neutral cyperue esculentus fruit obtained in a steps is added into the clear water for accounting for 5~8 times of its weight,
It is crushed successively through emery disc mill and colloid mill, it is micron-sized cyperue esculentus slurries to obtain granular size；
C, it digests：The slurries that b step obtains are warming up to 80~95 DEG C, adjustment pH is added under conditions of being 6.0~7.0 and accounts for oily Sha
0.1~0.2% alpha-amylase of beans weight digests 1~2h, the temperature of slurries is reduced to 40 after the completion of amylase enzymolysis~
50 DEG C, the phosphatidase for accounting for cyperue esculentus weight 0.5~1.0% is added, digests 2~4h, is added after the completion of phosphatide enzymolysis and accounts for cyperue esculentus weight
The protease of amount 0.5~1.0%, it is 8.0~9.0 to adjust pH, at 50~60 DEG C of temperature, digests 2~4h；
D, it centrifuges：The enzymolysis liquid that will be obtained in step c carries out decanter centrifuge centrifugation, gained liquid after adjusting pH to 4.0~5.0
It is mutually centrifuged again through disk plate centrifuge, gained light liquid is crude oil；
E, it refines：The crude oil that will be obtained in Step d obtains refining cyperus esculentus oil after alkali-refining deacidification, dehydration, cyperus esculentus oil
Yield can reach 80~88%.
Na is added described in step a2SO3, it is to reduce the fiber content in slurries to effectively remove the crust of cyperue esculentus,
And its endogenous enzymes is made to inactivate.
It is crushed twice described in step b, is to be crushed cyperue esculentus cell, and improving cell can be by the surface of enzyme effect
Product.
It is for the starch in the cyperue esculentus that liquefies that alpha-amylase is added described in step c；It is to convert that phosphatidase, which is added,
Non-hydratable phospholipid in cyperue esculentus, to improve oil yield and reduce follow-up aquation degumming step；It is for water that protease, which is added,
The protein in cyperue esculentus is solved, condition is provided for the release and follow-up refining of cyperus esculentus oil.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail：
Embodiment 1：
By the cyperue esculentus of the fresh acquisitions of 50kg as scalding 10min in 95 DEG C of water-bath, the Na of 0.04kg is added in water-bath2SO3,
Scalding is washed by rubbing with the hands after terminating through clear water, and cyperue esculentus epidermis and its Na of absorption are removed2SO3, obtain smooth, clean, neutral cyperue esculentus
Fruit；This cyperue esculentus fruit is added into 300kg clear water, is crushed successively through emery disc mill and colloid mill, it is micron to obtain granular size
The cyperue esculentus slurries of grade；Slurries are warming up to 95 DEG C, and the alpha-amylase of 0.1kg is added in adjustment pH under conditions of being 6.0, digest 1h；
The temperature of slurries is reduced to 40 DEG C after the completion of amylorrhexis, the phosphatidase of 0.5kg is added, digests 3h；After the completion of phosphatide enzymolysis
The protease of 0.5kg is added, it is 8.5 to adjust pH, under temperature 60 C, digests 3h；After the completion of all enzymolysis, pH to 4.0 is adjusted to carry out
The spiral shell that crouches centrifuges, and gained liquid is mutually centrifuged through disc-type two-phase again, and gained light liquid is crude oil, this crude oil passes through alkali-refining deacidification, takes off
8.5kg refining cyperus esculentus oils can be obtained after water.
Embodiment 2：
Add 0.015kg's by the cyperue esculentus of the fresh acquisitions of 50kg as scalding 20min in 85 DEG C of water-bath, in water-bath
Na2SO3, scalding washes by rubbing with the hands after terminating through clear water, removes cyperue esculentus epidermis and its Na of absorption2SO3, obtain smooth, clean, neutral
Cyperue esculentus fruit；This cyperue esculentus fruit is added into 400kg clear water, is crushed successively through emery disc mill and colloid mill, it is big to obtain particle
Small is micron-sized cyperue esculentus slurries；Slurries are warming up to 85 DEG C, and the alphalise starch of 0.05kg is added in adjustment pH under conditions of being 6.5
Enzyme digests 2h；The temperature of slurries is reduced to 45 DEG C after the completion of amylorrhexis, the phosphatidase of 0.4kg is added, digests 4h；Phosphatide
The protease of 0.4kg is added after the completion of enzymolysis, it is 9.0 to adjust pH, at 55 DEG C of temperature, digests 4h；After the completion of all enzymolysis, pH is adjusted
Sleeping spiral shell centrifugation is carried out to 4.0, gained liquid is mutually centrifuged through disc-type two-phase again, and gained light liquid is crude oil, this crude oil passes through alkali
10.6kg refining cyperus esculentus oils can be obtained after refining depickling, dehydration.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for extracting cyperus esculentus oil using phosphatidase, it is characterised in that carry out according to the following steps：
A, it removes the peel：The cyperue esculentus of fresh acquisition is placed in 10~30min of scalding in 80~95 DEG C of water-bath, is added in water-bath certain
The Na of amount2SO3, scalding washes by rubbing with the hands after terminating through clear water, removes cyperue esculentus epidermis and its Na of absorption2SO3, obtain it is smooth, clean,
Neutral cyperue esculentus fruit；
B, it crushes：Smooth, clean, the neutral cyperue esculentus fruit obtained in a steps is added into the clear water for accounting for 5~8 times of its weight,
It is crushed successively through emery disc mill and colloid mill, it is micron-sized cyperue esculentus slurries to obtain granular size；
C, it digests：The slurries that b step obtains are warming up to 80~95 DEG C, adjustment pH is added under conditions of being 6.0~7.0 and accounts for oily Sha
0.1~0.2% alpha-amylase of beans weight digests 1~2h, the temperature of slurries is reduced to 40 after the completion of amylase enzymolysis~
50 DEG C, a certain amount of phosphatidase is added, digests 2~4h, is added after the completion of phosphatidase enzymolysis and accounts for cyperue esculentus weight 0.5~1.0%
Protease, it is 8.0~9.0 to adjust pH, at 50~60 DEG C of temperature, digests 2~4h；
D, it centrifuges：The enzymolysis liquid that will be obtained in step c carries out decanter centrifuge centrifugation, gained liquid after adjusting pH to 4.0~5.0
It is mutually centrifuged again through disk plate centrifuge, gained light liquid is crude oil；
E, it refines：The crude oil that will be obtained in Step d obtains refining cyperus esculentus oil after alkali-refining deacidification, dehydration, cyperus esculentus oil
Yield can reach 80~88%.
2. a kind of method for extracting cyperus esculentus oil using phosphatidase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In a, Na is added in water-bath2SO3, it is to reduce the fiber content in slurries, and make in it to effectively remove the crust of cyperue esculentus
Source enzyme inactivation, the Na of addition2SO3Account for the 0.01~0.1% of cyperue esculentus weight.
3. a kind of method for extracting cyperus esculentus oil using phosphatidase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
In c, phosphatidase enzymolysis is added after the completion of amylase enzymolysis, is nonhydratable in the effect conversion cyperue esculentus by phosphatidase
Cyperus esculentus oil only can be realized by alkali-refining deacidification, dehydration to improve oil yield and reduce follow-up aquation degumming step in phosphatide
Refining purifying, the phosphatidase of addition accounts for the 0.5~1.0% of cyperue esculentus weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710103311.4A CN108504442A (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | A kind of method of Enzymatic Extraction cyperus esculentus oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710103311.4A CN108504442A (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | A kind of method of Enzymatic Extraction cyperus esculentus oil |
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| CN108504442A true CN108504442A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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| CN201710103311.4A Pending CN108504442A (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | A kind of method of Enzymatic Extraction cyperus esculentus oil |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110205197A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-06 | 滨州职业学院 | A kind of cyperue esculentus grease extraction |
| CN112980563A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-18 | 河南工业大学 | Method for preparing cyperus esculentus oil by continuous squeezing |
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| CN102206542A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-10-05 | 山东西王食品有限公司 | Method for preparing maize germ oil through enzymatic degumming |
| CN102234335A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-11-09 | 长春大学 | Production technology for continuously extracting starch, oil and sugar from cyperus esculentus |
| CN102311867A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-11 | 新疆大学 | Method for extracting Cyperus esculentus oil by aqueous enzymatic extraction-freeze-thaw coupling technology |
-
2017
- 2017-02-24 CN CN201710103311.4A patent/CN108504442A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102234335A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-11-09 | 长春大学 | Production technology for continuously extracting starch, oil and sugar from cyperus esculentus |
| CN102206542A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-10-05 | 山东西王食品有限公司 | Method for preparing maize germ oil through enzymatic degumming |
| CN102311867A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-01-11 | 新疆大学 | Method for extracting Cyperus esculentus oil by aqueous enzymatic extraction-freeze-thaw coupling technology |
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| 陈星等: "水酶法提取油莎豆油的研究 ", 《中国油脂》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110205197A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-06 | 滨州职业学院 | A kind of cyperue esculentus grease extraction |
| CN112980563A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-18 | 河南工业大学 | Method for preparing cyperus esculentus oil by continuous squeezing |
| CN112980563B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2023-07-18 | 河南工业大学 | Method for preparing chufa bean oil by continuous squeezing |
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