CN108492628A - A kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108492628A CN108492628A CN201810175498.3A CN201810175498A CN108492628A CN 108492628 A CN108492628 A CN 108492628A CN 201810175498 A CN201810175498 A CN 201810175498A CN 108492628 A CN108492628 A CN 108492628A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0073—Surveillance aids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G3/00—Traffic control systems for marine craft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G3/00—Traffic control systems for marine craft
- G08G3/02—Anti-collision systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0073—Surveillance aids
- G08G5/0082—Surveillance aids for monitoring traffic from a ground station
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0095—Aspects of air-traffic control not provided for in the other subgroups of this main group
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/04—Anti-collision systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C35/00—Flying-boats; Seaplanes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne and its control methods, airborne station, vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station and data fusion calculation machine are reported and monitored including aircraft position, the data fusion computer receives the location information of all aircrafts and ship, and intergrated information display terminal and integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station are sent to after processing；Vessel position information is sent to aircraft position report and monitoring airborne station by integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station, and aircraft position information is sent to vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station.The present invention realizes the shared of aircraft and vessel position information in region by aircraft and the existing monitoring system of ship, aircraft travels in waters and using in sea runway take-off process on the water, marine aircraft, ship and related management person can understand the traffic in region by this system more fully hereinafter, to effectively improve regional traffic efficiency, regional traffic accident is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aircraft monitoring system and its control method more particularly to ship with aircraft simultaneously same
A kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne under the complicated traffic environment of one waters operation.
Background technology
AIS systems：Ship automatic identification system (Automatic Identification System, abbreviation AIS system)
It is collectively constituted by bank base (base station) facility and ship-borne equipment, is a kind of novel collection network technology, modern communications technology, computer
The digital navaid and equipment that technology, electronic information display technology are integrated.
ADS-B：ADS-B full name are Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast, and Chinese is wide
Broadcast formula automatic dependent surveillance, as its name suggests, i.e., without human intervention or inquiry, can automatically slave phase close airborne equipment obtain
Parameter broadcasts the information such as position, height, speed, course, the identifier of aircraft to other aircrafts or earth station, for controller couple
Aircraft state is monitored.
ACARS：Aircraft communication addressing and reporting system (Aircraft Communications Addressing and
ReportingSystem, abbreviation：ACARS), it is that one kind is short by radio or satellite transmission between aircraft and earth station
The numerical data catenary system of message (message).The agreement proposes that format is referred to as Telex at that time the seventies in last century.
The foreseeable future, the agreement will be replaced by so-called aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN) agreement.
ADS-C：ADS-C monitoring is generally initiated by earth station.Air Traffic Services Department door (ATS) by ATN communication networks,
Usually satellite communication (SATCOM) or VHF send monitoring message to aircraft.After airborne equipment receives message, pass through ATN numbers
The location information of aircraft is sent to ATS according to the communication protocol that ATS and aircraft are arranged according to chain.ATS receives aircraft and returns
Multiple information, it will be shown in supervision equipment, to achieve the purpose that monitor to air traffic.
Secondary radar：It is mainly used for air traffic control, operating mode is that ground radar emits radar wave, mesh to target aircraft
Mark aircraft is replied in the corresponding way.
The Big Dipper:During Chinese Beidou satellite navigation system (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS) is
The Global Satellite Navigation System that state voluntarily develops.It is after american global positioning system (GPS), Russian Glonass satellite navigation
The satellite navigation system of third maturation after system (GLONASS).Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS) and GPS of America, Russia sieve
This GLONASS, European Union GALILEO are the suppliers that the satellite navigation committee of the United Nations has been assert.Beidou satellite navigation system by
Space segment, ground segment and user segment three parts composition, can round-the-clock in the world, round-the-clock provided for all types of user it is high-precision
Degree, highly reliable positioning, navigation, time service service, and have short message communication capacity, tentatively have area navigation, positioned and award
Shi Nengli, 10 meters of positioning accuracy, 0.2 meter per second of rate accuracy, 10 nanosecond of time service precision.
With the development of technology, the electronic technology of aircraft and ship, especially surveillance technology reach its maturity, at present ship
It can be grasped well with the location information of aircraft.But since the management of ship and aircraft adheres to International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the people separately
Navigate tissue, position information share between ship and aircraft and interconnects and also lacks corresponding standard and technological means.
As a kind of special aircraft, when operation, had not only needed to interact with other aircrafts seaplane, but also needed
It is interacted with ship.But the development and management of current seaplane are still carried out according to the standard of aircraft, when seaplane is relating to
And when water activity (such as water sailing uses sea runway landing), the information of periphery ship, periphery ship can not be obtained in time
Also the relevant information of seaplane can not be obtained, the barrier of this information is reduced in the traffic efficiency for making region, or even causes weight
Big traffic accident.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne and its control method,
By seaplane location information, periphery ship when aircraft being made to run (water sailing, landing waterborne, near water flight etc.) on the water
Location information is merged and is distributed to aircraft driver, deck officer and Regional Admin, expeditor, to improve boat
The safety for cooperateing with efficiency and operation of pocket and ship provides important technology guarantee for aircraft operation waterborne.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem and the technical solution adopted is that provide a kind of aircraft operation monitoring waterborne
System, wherein airborne station is reported and monitored including aircraft position：For reporting its location information to spatial domain monitoring earth station；
Vessel position is reported and monitoring Ship Station：For reporting its location information to waters surveillance earth station；Data fusion computer：It connects
Receive from spatial domain monitor earth station spatial domain in all aircrafts location information and in the waters of waters surveillance earth station
The location information of all ships is sent to intergrated information display terminal and integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station after processing；The synthesis
Vessel position information from data fusion computer is sent to aircraft position report and monitoring machine by position Broadcast Terrestrial station
Station is carried, the aircraft position information from data fusion computer is sent to vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station；It is described
Intergrated information display terminal by from data fusion computer aircraft and vessel position information carry out centralized displaying.
Above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the aircraft position report and monitoring airborne station pass through
Following communication mode reports its location information to spatial domain monitoring earth station：ADS-B, ADS-C, ACARS, the Big Dipper, secondary radar, hair
Motivational state monitors system, satellite entertainment system, mobile phone wireless communication network and/or city broadband wireless network.
Above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the aircraft position report and monitoring airborne station are also logical
Cross the location information that following communication mode obtains periphery aircraft：ADS-B, ADS-C, ACARS, the Big Dipper, secondary radar, engine
Condition monitoring system, satellite entertainment system, mobile phone wireless communication network and/or city broadband wireless network.
Above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station pass through such as
Lower communication mode reports its location information to waters surveillance earth station：AIS, the monitoring of coastal cdma network and/or satellite monitoring.
Above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station also pass through
Following communication mode obtains the location information of periphery ship：AIS, the monitoring of coastal cdma network and/or satellite monitoring.
Above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the intergrated information display terminal is in GIS-Geographic Information System
On classification annotation is carried out using different colours, pattern, shape or size for static object, region.
The present invention also provides a kind of controlling party of above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne to solve above-mentioned technical problem
Method includes the following steps：Step S1：All boats in the spatial domain that spatial domain monitors earth station are received using data fusion computer
The location information of pocket；Step S2:To the location information of each aircraft, the data fusion computer according to speed and whether
Direction information determines impacted ship zone of action；Step S3:The data fusion computer is according to vessel position information
Renewal frequency selects the location information message of corresponding aircraft, impacted ship zone of action is sent to after conversion process
Interior ship；Step S4:The position of all ships in the waters of waters surveillance earth station is received using data fusion computer
Confidence ceases；Step S5:To the location information of each ship, the data fusion computer is according to speed and whether direction information pushes away
The location information of ship when calculating next update cycle, and position will be issued after the location information conversion process for the ship extrapolated
Aircraft in the ship zone of action.
The control method of above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein aircraft position is believed in the step S3
The renewal frequency of breath and the renewal frequency of vessel position information are in multiple proportion, and data fusion computer presses ship in the step S3
The renewal frequency forward process location information of oceangoing ship location information, and abandon remaining location information.
The control method of above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein when a certain aircraft takeoff or landing,
The data fusion computer delineates virtual runway and taxiway waterborne by ship automatic identification system；If aircraft is not
It raises speed before into virtual runway, then judges that the aircraft takes off and be inclined to and virtual runway can be deviateed, send out safety in advance
Early warning.
The control method of above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein the data fusion computer also according to
The flight plan of the aircraft delineates water-area navigation forbidden zone and is broadcasted by ship automatic identification system in advance；Taking off and
In descent, the data fusion computer carries out ship according to the historical position information of ship and aircraft and invades early warning,
And the alarm mode of different stage is set according to the distance of ship intrusion and speed.
The control method of above-mentioned aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, wherein when a certain aircraft is run on the water,
The data fusion computer obtains the control information in current waters by ship automatic identification system, and by with aircraft
It compares to check compliance that aircraft run in waters, alarm is triggered if providing the waters run beyond aircraft.
The present invention, which compares the prior art, following advantageous effect：Aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne provided by the invention
And its control method, monitor that means and ship monitor means to the aircraft position information and ship in region by existing aircraft
Oceangoing ship location information is merged and is forwarded, under ship and the complex situations of aircraft operation waterborne simultaneously, provide friendship
The technological approaches of logical supervision, effectively improves regional traffic efficiency, avoids regional traffic accident.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the aircraft operation monitoring system structure diagram waterborne of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the aircraft operation monitoring system structure diagram waterborne of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne provided by the invention, including spatial domain monitoring earth station, aviation
Device position is reported and monitoring airborne station, waters surveillance earth station, vessel position report and monitoring Ship Station, intergrated information display are whole
End, data fusion computer and integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station.
The aircraft position report of the present invention and monitoring airborne station monitor that link monitors earth station with spatial domain by aircraft
It is connected, and the location information of itself is sent to by spatial domain by the link and monitors earth station；The vessel position report and monitoring
Ship Station monitors link and waters surveillance earth station by ship, and the location information of itself is sent to waters by the link
Monitor earth station.The spatial domain monitors earth station and waters surveillance earth station by Ethernet and data fusion computer, and will
The aircraft and vessel position information received is sent to data fusion computer.
The data fusion computer of the present invention is whole by Ethernet and integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station and intergrated information display
End is connected, and the aviation that earth station and waters surveillance earth station are monitored from spatial domain is obtained by protocol analysis data fusion computer
Device and vessel position information, are merged and are screened according to preset rules, and the data distribution after processing is wide to integrated location
Broadcast earth station and intergrated information display terminal.
The integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station of the present invention by aircraft monitor link and ship monitor link respectively with needs
It obtains the aircraft position report of information aircraft and the vessel position of monitoring airborne station and ship is reported and monitoring Ship Station connects
It connects, and monitor that link is sent to aircraft by aircraft by the vessel position information after machining is calculated by data fusion, it will
Aircraft position information after machining is calculated by data fusion and monitors that link is sent to ship by ship.So far, aircraft
The operating condition of ship in region is had received by this system, while ship has received aircraft in region also by this system
Operating condition.
Since apparent difference, aircraft surveillance technology existing for the headway of ship and the flying speed of aircraft are wanted
The message report frequency asked is generally greater than the message report frequency of ship surveillance technology requirement, so being needed in mutual repeating process
It is handled accordingly.For ship surveillance technology and AIS technologies, aircraft surveillance technology is by taking ADS-B technologies as an example, AIS
Message report frequency is divided into different report frequencies according to shipping sail speed difference, and highest frequency is 2~12 seconds/time of (anchorings
Ship is 3 minutes/time), and the report frequency of ADS-B messages is generally 1~2 second/time.Therefore when AIS messages pass through data fusion meter
When calculation machine is converted to ADS-B messages, need to extrapolate movement tendency according to the headway and course of ship on AIS, and predict
Go out the movement position of each aircraft report period ship, and is pushed to aircraft.As ship headway be 10 section and
Turning, AIS report that frequency is 4 seconds/time, and data fusion computer can be according to the current location data reporting and history number of the ship
It is estimated that going out the position data after 2 seconds and reporting to aircraft.And when ADS-B messages are converted to AIS messages, it can be according to aviation
The speed of device, if the information such as steering are compared with AIS reports frequency, for example the speed of aircraft is 10 sections and is changing course,
Report frequency with reference to AIS is 4 seconds/time, it is assumed that the ADS-B messages of the aircraft report location information with 1 second/time of period,
Data fusion computer, which can lift every 4 seconds ADS-B messages and be converted into AIS messages, broadcasts to ship, other ADS-B data will
It is rejected to mitigate the data processing load of ship.
Since not all ship can influence aircraft, therefore data fusion computer is when forwarding vessel position information
Can be according to influence area (zone of action of aircraft adds safe clearance) screening ship, the ship other than influence area will not
It relays to aircraft to mitigate the burden of aircraft/pilot.
Same not all aircraft can influence ship, therefore data fusion computer is believed in forwarding aircraft position
Aircraft can be screened according to influence area (enroute I. F. R. altitude of aircraft) when breath, the aircraft other than influence area will not
It relays to ship to mitigate the burden of ship/captain.
Aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne since the location information of the location information of aircraft, ship being merged,
The function for six clash handles that the system provides.
First item：Conflict state perceives and alarm, data fusion computer can be believed according to the position of aircraft and ship
The conflict advanced warning extrapolated their movement tendency, and will likely occurred is ceased, both sides is notified to take rational workaround.
Section 2：Alarm is deviateed in waters, when aircraft is run on the water, itself can not obtain the control information in waters, but
Data fusion computer can by ship surveillance technology (such as AIS) obtain waters control information, and by with aircraft
It compares to check compliance that aircraft run in waters, such as provides that the waters of operation will trigger alarm and notify beyond aircraft
Pilot and controlling officer's timely processing.
Section 3：Interim to delineate forbidden zone, aircraft takeoff and descent need the environment of a piece of spaciousness, data fusion meter
Calculation machine can delineate water-area navigation forbidden zone in advance according to the flight plan of aircraft and be carried out by ship surveillance technology (such as AIS)
Broadcast notifies that ship is withdrawn in forbidden zone；Improve flight efficiency and waters service efficiency.
Section 4：Ship intrusion in aircraft takeoff and descent prevents, and is existed by ship surveillance technology (such as AIS)
Set up forbidden zone in aircraft takeoff and descent, during takeoff and landing data fusion computer can according to ship and
The historical position information of aircraft extrapolates best rational ship intrusion emergency processing means, such as when ship has just enter into forbidden zone model
Enclose and speed is slow be alarm can be broadcast by ship surveillance technology, the forms such as broadcast is propagandaed directed to communicate, the radio station maritime affairs VHF are propagandaed directed to communicate
Warning expels, and can then take notice guard boat to drive when harm further promotes (such as moderate invades forbidden zone, comparatively fast invades forbidden zone)
From invasion ship, when the extent of injury is higher, (such as depth invades forbidden zone, and high speed invades forbidden zone) then needs to notify aircraft, ship
Oceangoing ship, ship controlling officer and air traffic control personnel, which take, necessary causes workaround (such as aircraft abandon land and go around).
Section 5：Virtual runway and taxiway waterborne are delineated, is delineated by ship surveillance technology (such as AIS) and is run in Virtual water
Road and taxiway, to guide aircraft quickly to exit waters after strange waters rapidly enters runway or landing before take-off.
When aircraft is not according to route/speed is provided when driving, data fusion computer will notify aircraft and air traffic control personnel to adopt
Take necessary remedial measure.Such as aircraft raises speed suddenly before not entering runway, then data fusion computer will be determined as having had
Fly tendency, will be alerted immediately to aircraft and air traffic control personnel, and avoid aircraft from not taking off on runway and cause further
Harm.
Aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne provided by the invention can monitor that means and ship are supervised by existing aircraft
Depending on means in region aircraft position information and vessel position information merged and forwarded, provide one kind in ship and boat
The complex situations of pocket operation waterborne simultaneously provide the technological approaches of traffic monitoring.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however, it is not to limit the invention, any this field skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can make a little modification and it is perfect, therefore the present invention protection model
It encloses to work as and is subject to what claims were defined.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, which is characterized in that including：
Aircraft position is reported and monitoring airborne station：For reporting its location information to spatial domain monitoring earth station；
Vessel position is reported and monitoring Ship Station：For reporting its location information to waters surveillance earth station；
Data fusion computer：It receives the location information of all aircrafts in the spatial domain that spatial domain monitors earth station and comes from water
The location information of all ships in the waters of domain monitoring earth station, is sent to intergrated information display terminal and integrated location after processing
Broadcast Terrestrial station；
Vessel position information from data fusion computer is sent to aircraft position by integrated location Broadcast Terrestrial station
Aircraft position information from data fusion computer is sent to vessel position report and monitoring by report and monitoring airborne station
Ship Station；The intergrated information display terminal by from data fusion computer aircraft and vessel position information concentrate
Display.
2. aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that aircraft position report and
Monitoring airborne station monitors that its location information is reported by earth station by following communication mode to spatial domain：ADS-B, ADS-C, ACARS, north
Bucket, secondary radar, engine state monitor system, satellite entertainment system, mobile phone wireless communication network and/or city broadband wireless
Network.
3. aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that aircraft position report and
Monitor that airborne station also obtains the location information of periphery aircraft by following communication mode：ADS-B, ADS-C, ACARS, the Big Dipper,
Secondary radar, engine state monitor system, satellite entertainment system, mobile phone wireless communication network and/or city broadband wireless network
Network.
4. aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the vessel position report and prison
Depending on Ship Station its location information is reported to waters surveillance earth station by following communication mode：AIS, the monitoring of coastal cdma network
And/or satellite monitoring.
5. aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vessel position report and prison
The location information of periphery ship is also obtained by following communication mode depending on Ship Station：AIS, coastal cdma network are monitored and/or are defended
Star monitors.
6. aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the intergrated information display terminal
Classification annotation is carried out using different colours, pattern, shape or size for static object, region in GIS-Geographic Information System.
7. a kind of control method of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne, which is characterized in that any using such as claim 1~6
Aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne described in, the control method include the following steps：
Step S1：Believe the position that all aircrafts in the spatial domain that spatial domain monitors earth station are received using data fusion computer
Breath；
Step S2:To the location information of each aircraft, the data fusion computer is according to speed and whether direction information is true
Fixed impacted ship zone of action；
Step S3:The data fusion computer selects the position of corresponding aircraft according to the renewal frequency of vessel position information
Infomational message is set, the ship being sent to after conversion process in impacted ship zone of action；
Step S4:The position letter of all ships in the waters of waters surveillance earth station is received using data fusion computer
Breath；
Step S5:To the location information of each ship, the data fusion computer is according to speed and whether direction information calculates
The location information of ship when going out next update cycle, and be located at being issued after the location information conversion process for the ship extrapolated
Aircraft in the ship zone of action.
8. the control method of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the step S3
The renewal frequency of middle aircraft location information and the renewal frequency of vessel position information are in multiple proportion, data in the step S3
Fusion calculation machine presses the renewal frequency forward process location information of vessel position information, and abandons remaining location information.
9. the control method of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that when a certain aviation
When device takes off or lands, the data fusion computer delineates virtual runway waterborne by ship automatic identification system and slides
Road；If aircraft raises speed before not entering virtual runway, judges that the aircraft takes off and be inclined to and can deviate virtually
Runway sends out safe early warning in advance.
10. the control method of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the data
Fusion calculation machine delineates water-area navigation forbidden zone also according to the flight plan of the aircraft and passes through ship automatic identification system in advance
It is broadcasted；During takeoff and landing, the data fusion computer is according to the historical position information of ship and aircraft
It carries out ship and invades early warning, and the alarm mode of different stage is set according to the distance of ship intrusion and speed.
11. the control method of aircraft operation monitoring system waterborne as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that when a certain boat
When pocket is run on the water, the control that the data fusion computer obtains current waters by ship automatic identification system is believed
Breath, and compliance that aircraft run in waters is checked by the comparison with aircraft, if run beyond aircraft regulation
Waters then trigger alarm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110208834A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | A kind of binary channels boat-carrying airspace supervision equipment of compatible Beidou and GPS |
| CN110288856A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-27 | 中国民用航空总局第二研究所 | The Scheduled Flight monitoring system and method for fine forecast based on wind |
| CN111507394A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Multi-domain spatial data fusion method and fusion device |
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