CN108483678A - A kind of biological zymophore and laying method for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery - Google Patents
A kind of biological zymophore and laying method for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108483678A CN108483678A CN201810546222.1A CN201810546222A CN108483678A CN 108483678 A CN108483678 A CN 108483678A CN 201810546222 A CN201810546222 A CN 201810546222A CN 108483678 A CN108483678 A CN 108483678A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of biological zymophore and laying method for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, which includes the biological zymophore for carrying biological enzyme.The biological zymophore includes the mesh skeleton of high polymer fiber resin material, the nanometer filamentous carrier for carrying biological enzyme being strapped on mesh skeleton, the biological zymophore is supported by the first metalling being laid on riverbed, and also segmentation is laid with the second metalling on the biological zymophore.The laying method discloses the specific laying method of the carrier.Biological enzyme carrier arrangement of the present invention has installation simple, strong operability, can modularization implement the features such as, the laying method of metalling increases the degree of roughness in riverbed, rubble gap provides living space for zoobenthos and microorganism, the stability for being conducive to maintain the ecosystem, is suitable for the rain source property river that channel gradient is big, water velocity is fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental improvement, Water Ecological Recovery technical fields, more particularly to a kind of to be used for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery
Biological zymophore and laying method.
Background technology
Riverbed restoration of the ecosystem includes mainly the structure of sediment pollution control and ecosystem environment.Substrate pollution and bed mud are again
Suspension is the one of the major reasons that city black-odor riverway is formed, important internal contamination of the bed mud as city river water body,
Under the influence of sluicing, manpower disturbance and biological activity, cause to deposit sediments re-suspension, and then in a series of physical-change
Under-biological synthesis effect, the pollutant being adsorbed in sediment particles is exchanged with pore water, is polluted to be discharged to water body
Object, a large amount of suspended particulate floatings in water, cause water body to black smelly.In addition, the microorganism that a large amount of bed muds also can be water body carries
For good growing environment, wherein actinomyces and cyanobacteria make bed mud methanation, denitrification by metabolism, bed mud are caused to float
And black and odorous water.The reparation of black-odor riverway is the important content of environmental improvement, and bioremediation is relatively conventional, biological treatment
Journey depends on the metabolism of active microorganism to realize, decomposition and conversion of the microorganism to Pollutants in Wastewater matter
Process is substantially all the biochemical reaction process of a series of complex carried out under the catalysis of biological enzyme.
Biological enzyme is the moderate protein of a kind of biomass, and due to its high catalytic efficiency, selectivity is good, and can be repeatedly sharp
With in environmental protection, field of food and medicine is widely used.For efficient application biological enzyme, is immobilized processing and arrive carrier
On be applied to wastewater efficient processing premise.The performance of immobilization biological enzyme depends primarily on process for fixation and used
Carrier material, wherein the performance of carrier material directly affects the catalytic activity of its immobilised enzymes.Enzyme immobilizatio is to carrier material
Material has very high requirement, ideal carrier material that should have good mechanical strength, thermal stability and chemical stability, resistance to biology
Degradability and to the high affinity of enzyme and higher enzymatic activity etc. can be kept.Common biological zymophore has currently on the market
It is rigidity, flexible, there are cellulose, chitosan, hydrogel and animal hair etc. by carrier medium.However, these carriers exist
When fixed biological enzyme or mechanical strength not enough causes biological enzyme separation or carrier broken, causes efficiency low, or even because carries
Body, which is crushed, to be lost in and causes secondary pollution；Affinity to enzyme and be chemically not sufficiently stable, influence biological enzyme activity and
Using effect.Therefore, it designs, the carrier material that invention and processability are more excellent has become the weight that immobilization biological enzyme is studied
One of point.
On the other hand, during biological zymophore repairs application process in river, existing is influenced to be lost in serious, silt by river channel erosion
The problems such as ecosystem is difficult to set up after mud covering, channel habitat missing microorganism is difficult to apposition growth, to constrain biology
Application of the zymophore in river corridor restoration.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, for the restoration of the ecosystem of black and odorous water riverbed the characteristics of, the present invention provide
A kind of biological zymophore and laying method for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, including carry biology
The biological zymophore of enzyme.The biological zymophore includes the mesh skeleton of high polymer fiber resin material, is strapped in
On mesh skeleton for carrying the nanometer filamentous carrier of biological enzyme, the biological zymophore by be laid on riverbed first
Metalling supports, and also segmentation is laid with the second metalling on the biological zymophore.
Further, in the above-mentioned biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery：The grid of the mesh skeleton
Size is：M × n, the nanometer filamentous carrier are strapped in the twine junction of the mesh skeleton, and the range of m and n exist
Between 5-20cm.
Further, in the above-mentioned biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery：The nanometer filamentous carrier is
Filamentary material made of twisting is compiled with nanofiber, the length of nanofiber is 10-20cm.
Further, in the above-mentioned biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery：The nanometer filamentous carrier is
Carbon nano-fiber is added by raw material of high molecular polymer, the filiform made of electrostatic spinning technique is compiled and twisted.
Further, in the above-mentioned biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery：First fractured-rock layer thickness
For 10 ~ 20cm, ballast grain sizes are 3 ~ 5cm；The second metalling section gap is 3 ~ 5m, and thickness is 5 ~ 10cm, rubble grain
Diameter is 5 ~ 10cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of laying methods of the biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1.1 builds mesh resin skeleton using the higher polythene material of intensity；
Step 1.2, using high molecular polymer as raw material, using electrostatic spinning technique compile twist form nanometer filamentous carrier, in the later stage
It compiles and carbon nano-fiber is added during twisting；
Step 1.3, applied thickness is 10 ~ 20cm on riverbed, and ballast grain sizes are the first metalling of 3 ~ 5cm；
Step 2 will form biological zymophore in nanometer filamentous carrier bondage to mesh resin skeleton；
Biological zymophore is immersed in biological enzymatic reagent by step 3, until nanometer filiform carrier adsorption biological enzyme to saturation；
Biological zymophore is laid on the first metalling by step 4；
Step 5, the second metalling of segmentation laying on biological zymophore.
Further, in above-mentioned laying method：Biological enzyme zymotic fluid made of microbial fermentation, it is described
Zymotic fluid be include amylase, protease, lipase, phosphatase, nitrate reductase, urase, cellulase, laccase composition answer
Synthase product.
Further, in above-mentioned laying method：In the step 2, the position of bondage nanometer filamentous carrier is netted
The junction of resin matrix twine.
Further, in above-mentioned laying method：In the step 3, soaking time is 24 hours.
Further, in above-mentioned laying method：In the step 5, the grain size of the second metalling (5) is 5 ~ 10mm,
Laying depth is 5 ~ 10cm, and section gap is 3 ~ 5m, and metalling laying length is 3 ~ 5m.
The present invention has following prominent characteristics and significant advantage compared with other prior arts：
（1）Biological enzyme carrier arrangement in the present invention has that installation is simple, strong operability, can modularization the features such as implementing, rubble
The laying method of layer increases the degree of roughness in riverbed, and rubble gap provides living space for zoobenthos and microorganism, has
Conducive to the stability of the ecosystem is maintained, it is suitable for the rain source property river that channel gradient is big, water velocity is fast.
（2）Biological enzyme carrier arrangement in the present invention has the ability that stronger water resistant profit is washed away, and can reduce biological enzyme
And its loss of carrier, improve the stability of system operation.
（3）Biological enzyme carrier arrangement bottom in the present invention is contacted with mud, can effectively control mud settling flux, and advantageous
In improvement bed mud ecological environment；Top is contacted with water body, and the carrier for having loaded biological enzyme is aerobic micro- under water body aerobic condition
The offers such as biology and zoobenthos attachment space and life condition, are greatly improved riverbed bio-diversity.
（4）The a diameter of Nano grade of biological enzyme carrier fibre in the present invention, length are controlled in a certain range, avoid fiber
The problem of tangling mutually, knot in water body, reducing the mass-transfer efficiency of combined pollutant.
（5）Biological enzyme carrier fibre high mechanical strength in the present invention.In complicated combined pollution water body environment, Nanowire
Tieing up sorbing material, there is very strong mechanical strength, material not to allow broken, loss, cause secondary pollution.
（6）Material bioaffinity is high：Fiber itself has abundant functional group, the interaction between functional group
It can play an important role during adsorbing combined pollution substance, abundant activity group content can promote going for pollutant
It removes, simultaneously because the bioaffinity of material, does not interfere with the activity of the biological enzyme of attachment.
（7）With higher specific surface area.Filamentous polyolefin fibrids sorbing material has higher specific surface area, simultaneously
The intermolecular force of physical absorption can be improved with abundant pore structure and pore capacities.
（8）Biomembrane is not easily to fall off：Due to filament resin carrier and mesh resin skeleton rough surface, Absorption Growth is in dirt
Microorganism on dye object degrading enzyme is constantly proliferated not easily to fall off during biofilm, and effects of purification quality is more permanent.
The present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the mesh resin skeleton schematic diagram that 1 bondage of the embodiment of the present invention has nanometer filamentous carrier.
Fig. 2 is the biological enzyme carrier structure figure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is used for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery.
Fig. 3 is ammonia nitrogen concentration dynamic change schematic diagram after engineering construction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is COD and TP concentration dynamic change schematic diagram after engineering construction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the variation diagram of riverbed micro organism quantity before and after engineering construction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the variation diagram of riverbed microbe species before and after engineering construction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present embodiment is a kind of biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, as shown in Figure 1, biological zymophore 3
Structure is using high polymer fiber resin material as mesh skeleton 1, to increase the specific surface area of bio-carrier, in mesh skeleton
Bondage nanometer filamentous carrier 2 on 1.The biological enzyme that will be extracted out of organism is fixed on nanometer filamentous carrier 2 by artificial means
On, free biological enzyme is locked on nanometer filamentous carrier 2 or is limited in the certain area on nanometer filamentous carrier 2, biology
Enzyme is active, distinctive catalyst, and a kind of technology that can be used for a long time.Enzyme through immobilization has compared with resolvase
Stability is high, it is easily controllable, can Reusability, it is of low cost the advantages that.The macromolecule copolymer resin material of the present embodiment selection
Material has the features such as nontoxic, odorless, tasteless, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, intensity is high as biological zymophore, can be in water treatment field
It is widely used as bio-film colonization filler.
In the present embodiment, mesh skeleton 1 and the nanometer filamentous carrier 2 being strapped on 1 have collectively constituted biological zymophore 3,
Biological zymophore 3 is layed on the first metalling 4, and the second metalling 5 is pressed in the segmentation of biological zymophore 3, the second metalling 5
Laying method is that rubble segmentation pressure buries laying method.
As shown in Fig. 2, the biological zymophore for riverbed restoration of the ecosystem of the present embodiment includes three parts part：Biological enzyme
Carrier 3, the first metalling 4 and the second metalling 5.
Wherein：Biological zymophore 3 includes：High molecular polymerization resin mesh skeleton 1 is backing material, higher using intensity
Filamentary material made of polythene material.High molecular polymerization resin mesh skeleton 1 is netted form, and size of mesh opening is：10cm×
10cm, nanometer filamentous carrier 2 are tied to 1 twine junction of mesh skeleton, and nanometer filamentous carrier 2 binds biological enzyme.Nanometer is Filamentous
Carrier 2 be compiled with nanofiber twist made of filamentary material, be biological enzyme absorption carrier, there is that intensity is high, diameter is small, specific surface area
Greatly, the high feature of porosity, enzyme adsorption capacity is strong, and filament length is 15cm.Nanometer filamentous carrier 2 be with high molecular polymer
Raw material is process using electrostatic spinning technique, while compiling to twist in the nanofiber later stage and carbon nano-fiber is added in the process.Separately
Outside, nanometer filamentous carrier 2 is to fix biological enzyme, biological enzyme liquid state fermentation made of microbial fermentation using physisorption
Liquid, the zymotic fluid are more by amylase, protease, lipase, phosphatase, nitrate reductase, urase, cellulase, laccase etc.
The compound enzyme product of kind enzyme composition.
Metalling is divided into the first metalling 4 and the second metalling 5, wherein the second metalling 5 buries paving using rubble segmentation pressure
Equipment, method, the first metalling 4 are 10 ~ 20cm thickness rubbles that 1 lower layer of mesh skeleton is laid with, the ballast grain sizes in the first metalling 4
For：3 ~ 5cm, effect are that first aspect is to obstruct the settling flux of riverbed bottom sludge, on the other hand, 4 medium stone of the first metalling
Gap provides habitat for microorganism and benthic growth, passes through pollutant in benthic effect constantly degradation bed mud.
It is the second metalling 5 on mesh skeleton 1, the segmentation of the second metalling 5 is laid on mesh skeleton 1, and the second metalling 5 has 5 ~
10cm thickness rubbles, its ballast grain sizes are 5 ~ 10cm, and section gap is 3 ~ 5m, and laying spacing can also be 3 ~ 5m.Second rubble
Layer 5 realizes coming into full contact with for biological enzyme and river water body, reduces the pollutant in river water body.
The biological zymophore laying method for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery of the present embodiment is as follows：
The higher polythene material of intensity is used to build mesh skeleton 1 first, building mode is latticed, size of mesh opening 10cm
×10cm.After mesh skeleton 1 is built, nanofiber is compiled to nanometer filamentous carrier 2 made of twisting and is strapped on mesh skeleton 1
Biological zymophore 3 is formed, to increase the specific surface area of bio-carrier, and then improves the deposit efficiency of microorganism, the position of bondage
Length for the junction of 1 twine of mesh skeleton, nanometer filamentous carrier 2 is 15cm.After carrier bondage is good, structure is shown in attached drawing 1,
It is immersed in biological enzymatic reagent and fixes required biological enzyme, can apply to riverbed after adsorption saturation for 24 hours is laid with progress
Restoration of the ecosystem.
Riverbed laying method is shown in attached drawing 2.Thick first metallings 4 of one layer of 10 ~ 20cm are laid in riverbed bottom first, first is broken
Ballast grain sizes in rock layers 4 are 3 ~ 5cm, and mesh skeleton 1 is laid on the first metalling 4 and nanometer filamentous carrier 2 forms biological enzyme
The ballast grain sizes of carrier 3, the second metalling of broken-up laying 5 on biological zymophore 3, the second metalling 5 are 5 ~ 10cm, laying depth
For 5 ~ 10cm, section gap is 3 ~ 5m, and 5 laying length of metalling is 3 ~ 5m.
Restoration of the ecosystem is carried out using the biological zymophore Mr. Yu city black-odor riverway of the present embodiment riverbed restoration of the ecosystem, in life
After state recovery project, black-odor riverway water quality is monitored, engineering construction effect is shown in attached drawing 3-6.According to as shown in Figure 2
Structure laying be used on the biological zymophore of riverbed Water Ecological Recovery after, 10 days or so riverbeds bottom formed relatively stablize biology
Film, micro organism quantity dramatically increase, and ammonia nitrogen concentration starts to reduce, and reach as shown in figure 3, only one moon ammonia nitrogen concentration just reduces
Water quality objective, COD and TP concentration are remarkably decreased, as shown in figure 4, COD concentration was just reduced from higher than 80mg/L at three days later
To less than 40mg/L, TP concentration also drops to only 0.6mg/L after seven days from close to 1.5mg/L, all has preferable effect
Fruit, and microbial biomass has also obtained apparent recovery after engineering construction, as shown in Figure 5.River water quality about 1 month or so in a word
There are apparent improvement, riverbed biomembrane constantly to thicken, the ecosystem tends towards stability, and riverbed algae reproduction, water quality is so clear that you can see the bottom,
Bottom river is black after engineering construction 2 months smelly substantially eliminates.
After Ecological Restoration Project, river water quality and microbe colony are monitored, riverbed microbiologic population becomes
Change apparent：Implement section midstream and downstream microbial diversity and abundance is significantly higher than upstream；The preceding river microorganism of engineering construction with
Pathogenic bacteria are dominant bacteria, and midstream and downstream and the relevant bacterium of water correction such as degradation of organic substances after engineering construction, ammoxidation
Relevant bacterium kind ratio increases obviously, and harmful pathogenic bacteria substantially reduce, as shown in Figure 6.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biological zymophore for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery includes the biological zymophore (3) of carrying biological enzyme；Its feature
It is：The biological zymophore (3) includes the mesh skeleton (1) of high polymer fiber resin material, is strapped in netted
The nanometer filamentous carrier (2) for carrying biological enzyme on skeleton (1), the biological zymophore (3) is by being laid on riverbed
The first metalling (4) support, in the biological zymophore（3）On also segmentation be laid with the second metalling (5).
2. the biological zymophore according to claim 1 for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, it is characterised in that：Described is netted
The size of mesh opening of skeleton (1) is：M × n, the nanometer filamentous carrier (2) are strapped in the twine of the mesh skeleton (1)
The range of junction, m and n are between 5-20cm.
3. the biological zymophore according to claim 2 for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, it is characterised in that：The nanometer
Filamentous carrier (2) is to compile filamentary material made of strand with nanofiber, and the length of nanofiber is 10-20cm.
4. the biological zymophore according to claim 2 for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, it is characterised in that：The nanometer
Filamentous carrier (2) is that carbon nano-fiber is added by raw material of high molecular polymer, the silk made of electrostatic spinning technique is compiled and twisted
Shape object.
5. the biological zymophore according to claim 1 for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, it is characterised in that：Described first
Metalling (4) thickness is 10 ~ 20cm, and ballast grain sizes are 3 ~ 5cm；Described the second metalling (5) section gap is 3 ~ 5m, layer
Thickness is 5 ~ 10cm, and ballast grain sizes are 5 ~ 10cm.
6. a kind of laying method of the biological zymophore according to claim 1 for riverbed Water Ecological Recovery, feature
It is：Include the following steps：
Step 1.1 builds mesh resin skeleton (1) using the higher polythene material of intensity；
Step 1.2, using high molecular polymer as raw material, using electrostatic spinning technique compile twist form nanometer filamentous carrier (2), rear
Phase compiles to twist is added carbon nano-fiber in the process；
Step 1.3, applied thickness is 10 ~ 20cm on riverbed, and ballast grain sizes are the first metalling (4) of 3 ~ 5cm；
Step 2 will form biological zymophore (3) in nanometer filamentous carrier (2) bondage to mesh resin skeleton (1)；
Biological zymophore (3) is immersed in biological enzymatic reagent by step 3, until nanometer filamentous carrier (2) therein adsorbs biology
Enzyme is extremely saturated；
Biological zymophore (3) is laid on the first metalling (4) by step 4；
Step 5, segmentation the second metalling of laying (5) on biological zymophore (3).
7. laying method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The biological enzyme is sent out made of microbial fermentation
Zymotic fluid, the zymotic fluid be include amylase, protease, lipase, phosphatase, nitrate reductase, urase, cellulase,
The compound enzyme product of laccase composition.
8. laying method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, bondage nanometer filamentous carrier
(2) position is the junction of mesh resin skeleton (1) twine.
9. laying method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 3, soaking time is 24 hours.
10. laying method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, the grain of the second metalling (5)
Diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, and laying depth is 5 ~ 10cm, and section gap is 3 ~ 5m, and 5 laying length of metalling is 3 ~ 5m.
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