CN108483511A - A kind of preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials Download PDF

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CN108483511A
CN108483511A CN201810570059.2A CN201810570059A CN108483511A CN 108483511 A CN108483511 A CN 108483511A CN 201810570059 A CN201810570059 A CN 201810570059A CN 108483511 A CN108483511 A CN 108483511A
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hydrotalcite
materials
preparation
aluminate
metal salt
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CN108483511B (en
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孙晓明
袁子健
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/40—Electric properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of hydrotalcite-like materials, include the following steps：(1) metal salt and meta-aluminate difference is soluble in water, obtain metal salt solution and aluminate solution；(2) under certain temperature and inert gas shielding, by the metal salt solution and aluminate solution hybrid reaction of step (1), and keep pH value 7 or more during the reaction；(3) hydrotalcite-like materials are obtained after obtaining solids drying after the mixed system separating, washing after reacting step (2).The preparation method of the present invention is more simple and environmentally-friendly than traditional coprecipitation, and by-product is few and hydrotalcite-like materials capacitance obtained is higher.

Description

A kind of preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of inorganic nano material, and in particular to a kind of NiAl-HTLcs material and cobalt aluminium houghite The preparation method of material.
Background technology
With the development of social economy, there is an urgent need to the higher capacitors of energy storage.Ultracapacitor (SCs) is compared to biography The capacitor of system has the advantages that these, has become important energy storage device at present.Hydrotalcite is also known as laminated type bimetal hydroxide Object (Layered Double Hydroxide, LDH), the interlayer ion type and interlamellar spacing of material can pass through certain condition Change, redox active is high, compares the electrode material for being suitable as ultracapacitor.
The preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials is coprecipitation at present, but this method has the following problems.1, industrial raw The houghite of 1 ton of production will consume 100 tons or so of water, and water consumption is larger.2, the reaction time is longer, the reactant used More, preparation method complexity is measured, by-product is more.3, the capacitance of the hydrotalcite-like materials obtained is still relatively low.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.
Invention content
The invention discloses a kind of hydrotalcite-like materials novel processing steps, i.e. double hydrolyzation, compared to existing class neatly The co-precipitation preparation method of stone material, obtained hydrotalcite-like materials capacitance improve a lot, and preparation method is simple, ring It protects, by-product is few.Technical scheme is as follows：
First aspect present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials, includes the following steps：
(1) metal salt and meta-aluminate difference is soluble in water, obtain metal salt solution and aluminate solution；
(2) under certain temperature and inert gas shielding, the metal salt solution of step (1) and aluminate solution are mixed anti- It answers, and keeps pH value 7 or more during the reaction；
(3) class is obtained after obtaining solids drying after the mixed system separating, washing after reacting step (2) Hydrotalcite material.
Preferably, the metal salt is cobalt salt or nickel salt, and the cobalt salt is cobalt nitrate, and the nickel salt is nickel nitrate, described Aluminate is sodium metaaluminate.So that metal cation and a part of aluminate ion respectively hydrolyze, compound gold is formed Belong to hydroxide, and the interlayer for thering is part aluminate ion to be intercalation into the hydrotalcite, obtaining the aluminate after dry inserts The hydrotalcite-like materials of layer.
Preferably, step (2) described temperature is 70-100 DEG C；The inert gas is nitrogen；The pH value 8-11 it Between.
Step (3) described drying is normal drying, and general vacuum freeze drying effect is preferable.
Second aspect of the present invention discloses hydrotalcite-like materials made from the preparation method for increasing capacitor The purposes of capacitance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, hydrotalcite-like materials and hydrotalcite-like materials phase made from common coprecipitation is made in preparation method of the invention Specific capacitance value is higher, can meet the higher capacitor requirement of energy storage.The preparation method of the present invention is double hydrolyzation, and this method can It can increase the spacing of houghite layer by replacing the ion in houghite intercalation, more electrolyte ions made to enter It in intercalation, is come into full contact with electrode material, to improve capacitance.What the cyclic voltammetry curve of hydrotalcite-like materials was surrounded Area represents the capacitance of used electrode material.From the present invention double hydrolyzation prepare hydrotalcite-like materials with it is traditional The cyclic voltammetry curve of hydrotalcite-like materials prepared by coprecipitation compares it can be seen that (as Figure 3-Figure 4), the present invention are double The capacitance of hydrotalcite-like materials made from Hydrolyze method is apparently higher than the electricity of hydrotalcite-like materials prepared by traditional coprecipitation Capacitance is higher by and reaches 30% or so.
(2) raw material used in preparation method of the invention is relatively easy, and reaction condition is than broad, and by-product is few. As the double hydrolyzation of the present invention prepares cobalt aluminium houghite, it is only necessary to which cobalt salt and meta-aluminate, pH value are controlled in alkaline model It encloses, the reaction time was at 5~30 minutes or so.And common coprecipitation prepares hydrotalcite-like materials, the raw material needed compared with It is more, by taking the preparation of cobalt aluminium houghite as an example, need the raw materials such as aluminum nitrate, cobalt nitrate, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, and pH value Control is 8.5 or so, and the reaction time will be at 12 hours or more, and by-product is more.Therefore the preparation method advantage of the present invention is non- Chang Mingxian.
(3) after reaction, washing removes the ion for being adsorbed on hydrotalcite-like materials surface to preparation method of the invention Slurry is largely reduced than the slurry of traditional coprecipitation.It is calculated by production 1mol zinc-aluminum hydrotalcites, utilizes tradition Coprecipitation will generate 18mol NaCl；And the NaCl of 12mol is only generated using the preparation method of the present invention.This lacks in extreme The fresh water but abundant Salt Lake Areas NaCl, preparation method of the invention will be a preparation process for having very much industrial prospect.
(4) other kinds of hydrotalcite-like materials can also be prepared using the preparation method of the present invention, such as zinc-aluminium class neatly Stone material or iron aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials etc..
Description of the drawings
A in Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials made from preparation method of the present invention；B in Fig. 1 is to pass The altogether XRD spectra of cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials made from the precipitation method.
A in Fig. 2 is the XRD spectra of NiAl-HTLcs material made from preparation method of the present invention；B in Fig. 2 is to pass The altogether XRD spectra of NiAl-HTLcs material made from the precipitation method.
A in Fig. 3 is cyclic voltammetric of the cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from preparation method of the present invention Scanning curve；B in Fig. 3 is cyclic voltammetric of the cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from traditional co-precipitation method Scanning curve.
A in Fig. 4 is cyclic voltammetric of the NiAl-HTLcs material in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from preparation method of the present invention Scanning curve；B in Fig. 4 is cyclic voltammetric of the NiAl-HTLcs material in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from traditional co-precipitation method Scanning curve.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described further with reference to embodiments.It should be noted that embodiment cannot function as to this hair The limitation of bright protection domain.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that any improvement and variation made by the basis of the present invention All within protection scope of the present invention.
Chemical reagent used in following embodiment is all conventional reagent, commercially available.The silicon source of the present embodiment is inclined Sodium aluminate.
Embodiment 1：Prepare cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials
(1) Co (NO are taken3)2·6H2O 0.6mol pour into A1 beakers and 40ml deionized water dissolvings are added；Sodium metaaluminate 1.2mol pours into B1 beakers and 40ml deionized water dissolvings is added；The solution of two beaker of A1, B1 is ultrasonically treated after 10min and is waited for With.Separately 20ml deionized waters is taken to pour into C1 beakers, magnetic stick is added into C1 beakers, and pH meter is inserted into C1 beakers, Temperature in C1 beakers is adjusted to 70 DEG C~100 DEG C, such as 80 DEG C, by the adjustment of rotational speed of magnetic stick to 500 turns/min, then By A1, the solution in B1 beakers is added dropwise in C1 beakers dropwise respectively makes its reaction, the pH of maintenance system during double instillations It is 8~11, and has nitrogen protection in the process.5~30min is stirred for after instillation.
(2) after the completion of above-mentioned steps, product is fitted into centrifuge tube, 5min is centrifuged under 8000rpm rotating speeds；Upper layer is clear Liquid adds deionized water washing after removing, then centrifuges 3min under 10000rpm rotating speeds.It is after washing 3 times that solids is overnight dry It is dry.The as described cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials of obtained dusty material.
A in Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials prepared by embodiment 1；B in Fig. 1 is conventional coprecipitation The XRD spectra of cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials made from method.As can be seen from Figure 1, with cobalt aluminium class neatly made from traditional co-precipitation method Stone material is compared, and cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials prepared by embodiment 1 deviate to the left at 003 peak, and the width at peak broadens, peak Height is lower.Supposition may have the interlayer that part aluminate ion enters cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials, to increase cobalt aluminium The interlamellar spacing of hydrotalcite-like materials can thus have more electrolyte ions to enter in intercalation and fully be connect with electrode material It touches, to improve capacitance.
Embodiment 2：Prepare NiAl-HTLcs material
(1) Ni (NO are taken3)2·6H2O 0.6mol pour into A2 beakers and 40ml deionized water dissolvings, sodium metaaluminate are added 1.2mol pours into B2 beakers and 40ml deionized water dissolvings is added；The solution of two beaker of A2, B2 is ultrasonically treated after 10min and is waited for With.Separately 20ml deionized waters is taken to pour into C2 beakers, magnetic stick is added into C2 beakers, and pH meter is inserted into C2 beakers, it will Temperature in C2 beakers is adjusted to 70 DEG C~100 DEG C, such as 80 DEG C, then the adjustment of rotational speed of magnetic stick to 500 turns/min will Solution in A2, B2 beaker is added dropwise in C2 beakers dropwise respectively makes its reaction, and the pH of maintenance system is 8 during double instillations ~11, and have nitrogen protection in the process.5~30min is stirred for after instillation.
(2) after the completion of above-mentioned steps, product is fitted into centrifuge tube, 5min is centrifuged under 8000rpm rotating speeds；Upper layer is clear Liquid adds deionized water washing after removing, then centrifuges 3min under 10000rpm rotating speeds.It is after washing 3 times that solids is overnight dry It is dry.The as described NiAl-HTLcs material of obtained dusty material.
A in Fig. 2 is the XRD spectra of NiAl-HTLcs material prepared by embodiment 2；B in Fig. 2 is conventional coprecipitation The XRD spectra of NiAl-HTLcs material made from method.As can be seen from Figure 2, with nickel aluminium class neatly made from traditional co-precipitation method Stone material is compared, and NiAl-HTLcs material prepared by embodiment 2 deviates to the left at 003 peak, and the width at peak broadens, peak Height is lower.Supposition may have part aluminate ion to enter NiAl-HTLcs material interlayer, to increase nickel aluminium class The interlamellar spacing of hydrotalcite material can thus have more electrolyte ions to enter in intercalation fully and electrode material contacts, To improve capacitance.
Embodiment 3：Cyclic voltammetry curve testing capacitor value
Hydrotalcite-like materials prepared by hydrotalcite-like materials and traditional co-precipitation method prepared by above-described embodiment 1 and 2 are equal It is powdered, dusty material need to be loaded when carrying out electro-chemical test on a current collector, the collector selection of the present embodiment is Nickel foam.The preparation method of working electrode is as follows：By the dusty material of houghite, electrically conductive graphite powder and PTFE (polytetrafluoros Ethylene) powder is with mass ratio 5：1：1 mixing, is added absolute ethyl alcohol, so that it is thoroughly mixed after being ultrasonically treated 2h.Clip has removed The nickel foam of surface film oxide, size are 1 × 4cm.Said mixture is dropped in the nickel foam of 1 × 1cm, is dried under infrared lamp It is dry, then use tabletting machine to get to test working electrode used.
What electrolytic solution was selected is the KOH solution of 6mol/L, and reference electrode is mercury-mercuric oxide electrode, is selected to electrode Platinum plate electrode.
A in Fig. 3 is that cyclic voltammetry scan of the cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from embodiment 1 is bent Line, the b in Fig. 3 are that cyclic voltammetry scan of the cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from traditional co-precipitation method is bent Line.From Fig. 3 it is apparent that：The area that cyclic voltammetry scan curve a is surrounded is significantly greater than cyclic voltammetry scan curve b and encloses At area, go out about 30% area greatly.I.e. the capacitance of cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials made from the double hydrolyzation of embodiment 1 is bright The capacitance of the aobvious cobalt aluminium hydrotalcite-like materials prepared higher than traditional coprecipitation.
A in Fig. 4 is that cyclic voltammetry scan of the NiAl-HTLcs material in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from embodiment 2 is bent Line, the b in Fig. 4 are that cyclic voltammetry scan of the NiAl-HTLcs material in the case where 5mv/s sweeps speed made from traditional co-precipitation method is bent Line.From Fig. 4 it is apparent that：The area that cyclic voltammetry scan curve a is surrounded also is significantly greater than cyclic voltammetry scan curve b The area surrounded, the area gone out greatly is 30% or more.That is the electricity of NiAl-HTLcs material made from the double hydrolyzation of embodiment 2 Capacitance is apparently higher than the capacitance of NiAl-HTLcs material prepared by traditional coprecipitation.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of hydrotalcite-like materials, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) metal salt and meta-aluminate difference is soluble in water, obtain metal salt solution and aluminate solution；
(2) under certain temperature and inert gas shielding, by the metal salt solution and aluminate solution hybrid reaction of step (1), And keep pH value 7 or more during the reaction；
(3) the class neatly is obtained after obtaining solids drying after the mixed system separating, washing after reacting step (2) Stone material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal salt be cobalt salt or nickel salt, it is described Cobalt salt is cobalt nitrate, and the nickel salt is nickel nitrate, and the meta-aluminate is sodium metaaluminate.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) described temperature is 70-100 DEG C；It is described lazy Property gas be nitrogen or argon gas；The pH value is between 8-11.
4. hydrotalcite-like materials made from preparation method according to claim 1 are used to increase the purposes of condenser capacitance.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114162945A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-11 上海应用技术大学 Meta-aluminate intercalated magnesium-iron type hydrotalcite and preparation method thereof

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