CN108478335B

CN108478335B - Feed formula jaw type scissors

Info

Publication number: CN108478335B
Application number: CN201810276255.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭林; 王琛; 朱赛; 兰玲
Original assignee: Qingdao Municipal Hospital
Current assignee: Qingdao Municipal Hospital
Priority date: 2018-03-30
Filing date: 2018-03-30
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-30
Also published as: CN108478335A

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed type clamp-type scissors, which comprises an upper clamp body, a lower grab handle, an upper grab handle and a blade, wherein the upper clamp body is hinged with the right end of the lower clamp body; the upper plier body is provided with a first abdicating groove, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the first abdicating groove are respectively provided with a first sliding groove, the lower plier body is provided with a second abdicating groove, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the second abdicating groove are respectively provided with a second sliding groove; the upper end of the blade is provided with a first rotating shaft, the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the two first sliding grooves, the lower end of the blade is provided with a second rotating shaft, and the two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the two second sliding grooves; the first rotating shaft is connected with a first gear through a first one-way bearing, and a first rack meshed with the first gear is arranged in the first abdicating groove; the second rotating shaft is connected with a second gear through a second one-way bearing, and a second rack meshed with the second gear is arranged in the second abdicating groove.

Description

Feed formula jaw type scissors

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical supplies, in particular to a pair of feed type pliers-type scissors.

Background

The scissors are widely used in various medical links as common medical instruments, and the common scissors can meet the use requirements to a certain extent at present, but still have a plurality of defects.

The scissors are commonly used for cutting threads, gauzes, bandages or removing threads and the like, when the gauze, the bandages or similar medical products with sheet structures are cut by the existing scissors, the cut is irregular due to the fact that the existing scissors cannot be reliably positioned, and particularly, the irregular cut of the medical products woven by the gauzes or the bandages easily causes the thread ends at the cut part to be scattered or fall off, so that the medical products are inconvenient to use; in addition, when the stitches are removed, the sharp parts of the scissors need to be inserted into the bandage or the part of the gauze contacted with the body of the patient to cut, and the sharp parts of the scissors are usually sharp, so that the skin of the patient is easily scratched, and unnecessary trouble is brought to the patient.

In addition, when a large area of gauze or bandage needs to be cut, the gauze or bandage needs to be repositioned forwards once for each cutting so as to continue cutting, the risk of secondary injury is greatly increased when the tip of the scissors is frequently contacted with the skin of a patient, and meanwhile, the cutting process is complicated and wastes time; in this case, scissors with longer blades can be used for operation, but the included angle of the close blade part is smaller and smaller, and the shearing part is farther and farther from the shaft part of the scissors, so that the shearing moment is smaller and smaller, and an object in contact with the tip part of the scissors can be sheared only by consuming a larger force, and the dislocation is easy to generate.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, the invention provides a pair of feed type pliers type scissors in order to make up for technical defects in the prior art, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient functions and poor safety in the using process of the existing scissors.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is as follows: the clamp comprises an upper clamp body, a lower grab handle, an upper grab handle and a blade, wherein the upper clamp body is arranged above the lower clamp body, the lower grab handle is arranged below the upper grab handle, the upper clamp body is hinged and connected with the right end of the lower clamp body to form a jaw, the right end of the upper clamp body is connected with the left end of the lower grab handle, and the right end of the lower clamp body is connected with the left end of the upper grab handle; the upper pliers body is provided with a first abdicating groove with an opening facing the lower pliers body, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the first abdicating groove are respectively provided with a first sliding groove which is consistent with the length direction of the upper pliers body, the lower pliers body is provided with a second abdicating groove with an opening facing the upper pliers body, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the second abdicating groove are respectively provided with a second sliding groove which is consistent with the length direction of the lower pliers body; the upper end of the blade is provided with a first rotating shaft perpendicular to the front end face and the rear end face of the first abdicating groove, two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively and slidably arranged in the two first sliding grooves, the lower end of the blade is provided with a second rotating shaft perpendicular to the front end face and the rear end face of the second abdicating groove, and two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively and slidably arranged in the two second sliding grooves; the first rotating shaft is connected with a first gear through a first one-way bearing, a first rack which is consistent with the length direction of the upper plier body is arranged in the first abdicating groove, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack; the second rotating shaft is connected with a second gear through a second one-way bearing, a second rack which is consistent with the length direction of the lower clamp body is arranged in the second abdicating groove, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the first one-way bearing enables the first gear on the first rack to only be in meshing transmission towards the outer side of the jaw, and the second one-way bearing enables the second gear on the second rack to only be in meshing transmission towards the outer side of the jaw.

The invention has exquisite structure and simple operation, can complete the feeding of the blade and the shearing in a longer distance without integral movement, has regular cut after the shearing of the article, can effectively avoid secondary damage to the body of a patient when performing operations such as removing stitches, removing bandages and the like, and greatly improves the use safety; in addition, the invention saves more labor when shearing, and can continuously adjust the jaw angle, thereby greatly improving the accurate control of the shearing distance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1 according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of portion D of fig. 6 according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention comprises an upper clamp body 1, a lower clamp body 2, a lower grab handle 3, an upper grab handle 4 and a blade 5, wherein the upper clamp body 1 is arranged above the lower clamp body 2, the lower grab handle 3 is arranged below the upper grab handle 4, the upper clamp body 1 is hinged with the right end of the lower clamp body 2 to form a jaw, the right end of the upper clamp body 1 is connected with the left end of the lower grab handle 3, and the right end of the lower clamp body 2 is connected with the left end of the upper grab handle 4; the upper pliers body 1 is provided with a first abdicating groove 6 with an opening facing the lower pliers body 2, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the first abdicating groove 6 are respectively provided with a first sliding groove 7 consistent with the length direction of the upper pliers body 1, the lower pliers body 2 is provided with a second abdicating groove 8 with an opening facing the upper pliers body 1, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the second abdicating groove 8 are respectively provided with a second sliding groove 9 consistent with the length direction of the lower pliers body 2; the upper end of the blade 5 is provided with a first rotating shaft 10 perpendicular to the front end face and the rear end face of the first abdicating groove 6, two ends of the first rotating shaft 10 are respectively and slidably arranged in the two first sliding grooves 7, the lower end of the blade 5 is provided with a second rotating shaft 11 perpendicular to the front end face and the rear end face of the second abdicating groove 8, and two ends of the second rotating shaft 11 are respectively and slidably arranged in the two second sliding grooves 9; the first rotating shaft 10 is connected with a first gear 13 through a first one-way bearing 12, a first rack 14 which is consistent with the length direction of the upper plier body 1 is arranged in the first abdicating groove 6, and the first gear 13 is meshed with the first rack 14; the second rotating shaft 11 is connected with a second gear 16 through a second one-way bearing 15, a second rack 17 which is consistent with the length direction of the lower plier body 2 is arranged in the second abdicating groove 8, and the second gear 16 is meshed with the second rack 17; the first one-way bearing 12 enables the first gear 13 on the first rack 14 to only be meshed and driven towards the outer side of the jaw, and the second one-way bearing 15 enables the second gear 16 on the second rack 17 to only be meshed and driven towards the outer side of the jaw.

Preferably, the front end surface of the upper caliper body 1 is provided with a third sliding groove 18 which is consistent with the length direction of the upper caliper body 1, the third sliding groove 18 corresponds to the position of the first sliding groove 7 on the front end surface of the first abdicating groove 6 and is communicated with the first sliding groove, a first sliding block 19 which can slide along the length direction of the third sliding groove 18 is arranged in the third sliding groove 18, a first pressing block 20 which can slide back and forth on the first sliding block 19 is arranged on the first sliding block 19, the front end of the first rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the third sliding groove 18, a first spline 21 which is coaxial with the first rotating shaft 10 is arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft 10, a first spline groove 22 which is matched with the first spline 21 is arranged on the first pressing block 20, the first spline 21 is slidably arranged in the first spline groove 22, since the first slide block 19 cannot rotate on the upper clamp body 1, and the first pressing block 20 cannot rotate on the first slide block 19, therefore, the first rotation shaft 10 is locked by the first splines 21 and the first spline grooves 22 and cannot rotate on the upper caliper body 1; the first pressing block 20 is provided with a first yielding cavity 23 arranged in front of the first spline groove 22, when the first pressing block 20 slides backwards on the first sliding block 19, sliding is generated between the first spline 21 and the first spline groove 22 to enable the first spline 21 to slide into the first yielding cavity 23, when the first spline 21 is completely arranged in the first yielding cavity 23, the first spline 21 is separated from the first spline groove 22, and locking of the first rotating shaft 10 is released.

Preferably, the front end surface of the lower caliper body 2 is provided with a fourth sliding groove 24 which is consistent with the length direction of the lower caliper body 2, the fourth sliding groove 24 corresponds to the position of the second sliding groove 9 on the front end surface of the second abdicating groove 8 and is communicated with the second sliding groove, a second sliding block 25 which can slide along the length direction of the fourth sliding groove 24 is arranged in the fourth sliding groove 24, a second pressing block 26 which can slide back and forth on the second sliding block 25 is arranged on the second sliding block 25, the front end of the second rotating shaft 11 is arranged in the fourth sliding groove 24, the front end of the second rotating shaft 11 is provided with a second spline 27 which is coaxial with the second rotating shaft 11, a second spline groove 28 which is matched with the second spline 27 is arranged on the second pressing block 26, the second spline 27 is arranged in the second spline groove 28 in a sliding manner, since the second slide block 25 cannot rotate on the lower clamp body 2, and the second press block 26 cannot rotate on the second slide block 25, therefore, the second rotating shaft 11 is locked by the second spline 27 and the second spline groove 28 and cannot rotate on the lower clamp body 2; the second pressing block 26 is provided with a second abdicating cavity 29 arranged in front of the second spline groove 28, when the second pressing block 26 slides backwards on the second slider 25, sliding is generated between the second spline 27 and the second spline groove 28 to enable the second spline 27 to slide into the second abdicating cavity 29, when the second spline 27 is completely arranged in the second abdicating cavity 29, the second spline 27 is separated from the second spline groove 28, and the locking of the second rotating shaft 11 is released.

Preferably, a first spring 30 is arranged between the first pressing piece 20 and the first sliding block 19, and the first pressing piece 20 slides forwards on the first sliding block 19 by the elastic force of the first spring 30.

Preferably, a second spring 31 is arranged between the second pressing piece 26 and the second slider 25, and the second pressing piece 26 slides forwards on the second slider 25 by the elastic force of the second spring 31.

The using method of the scissors is the same as that of the conventional scissors, the objects to be cut are placed at the jaw, and the cutting operation can be completed by tightly holding the upper grab handle 4 and the lower grab handle 3.

In the process of shearing, in order to ensure good contact between the blade 5 and the article, the blade 5 is usually arranged obliquely, so that the upper end and the lower end of the blade 5 have a distance difference in the horizontal direction, referring to fig. 1, the upper end part and the lower end part of the blade 5 are right, when the jaw is closed, the horizontal distance difference between the upper end and the lower end of the blade 5 causes the stress directions of the upper end and the lower end of the blade 5 to be opposite, the upper end of the blade 5 is subjected to a left component force to move leftwards, and the lower end of the blade 5 is subjected to a right component force to move rightwards; when the upper end of the blade 5 moves leftwards, the first rotating shaft 10 slides leftwards in the first chute 7 and drives the first gear 13 to move simultaneously, the displacement of the first gear 13 enables the first gear 13 to be meshed on the first rack 14 and rotate clockwise, and when the first gear 13 rotates clockwise, the first one-way bearing 12 is in a transmission separation state, so that the rotation of the first gear 13 cannot be hindered, and the upper end of the blade 5 is ensured to complete leftward movement; when the lower end of the blade 5 moves rightwards, the second rotating shaft 11 slides rightwards in the second sliding chute 9 and drives the second gear 16 to move simultaneously, the displacement of the second gear 16 causes the second gear 16 to be meshed on the second rack 17 and rotate clockwise, when the second gear 16 rotates clockwise, the second one-way bearing 15 is in a transmission joint state, so that the second gear 16 drives the second rotating shaft 11 to rotate simultaneously through the second one-way bearing 15, but due to the locking effect when the second spline 27 is matched with the second spline groove 28, the second rotating shaft 11 cannot rotate, therefore, the second gear 16 cannot rotate continuously, the lower end of the blade 5 remains still, and the blade 5 rotates anticlockwise along the second rotating shaft 11 to complete article shearing.

After the jaw is completely closed, one shearing operation is finished, the jaw is opened at the moment, the upper end of the blade 5 is subjected to rightward component force to move rightwards, and the lower end of the blade 5 is subjected to leftward component force to move leftwards; when the upper end of the blade 5 moves rightwards, the first rotating shaft 10 slides rightwards in the first sliding groove 7 and drives the first gear 13 to move simultaneously, the displacement of the first gear 13 enables the first gear 13 to be meshed with the first rack 14 and rotate anticlockwise, when the first gear 13 rotates anticlockwise, the first one-way bearing 12 is in a transmission joint state, so that the first gear 13 drives the first rotating shaft 10 to rotate simultaneously through the first one-way bearing 12, but due to the locking effect when the first spline 21 is matched with the first spline groove 22, the first rotating shaft 10 cannot rotate, therefore, the first gear 13 cannot continue to rotate, and the upper end of the blade 5 is kept still; when the lower end of the blade 5 moves leftwards, the second rotating shaft 11 slides leftwards in the second sliding chute 9 and drives the second gear 16 to move simultaneously, the displacement of the second gear 16 enables the second gear 16 to be meshed on the second rack 17 and rotate anticlockwise, and when the second gear 16 rotates anticlockwise, the second one-way bearing 15 is in a transmission separation state, so that the rotation of the second gear 16 cannot be hindered, and the lower end of the blade 5 is ensured to complete leftward movement; therefore, the clockwise rotation of the blade 5 along the first rotating shaft 10 completes the position change of the blade 5, i.e., the feeding operation.

The continuous shearing of the articles can be realized by repeating the above actions, when the articles are sheared completely or the blade 5 reaches the outermost end of the jaw, the blade 5 needs to be reset, and due to the unidirectional rotation characteristic of the first unidirectional bearing 12 and the second unidirectional bearing 15, the upper end and the lower end of the blade 5 cannot be directly moved rightwards, so that the first pressing block 20 and the second pressing block 26 need to be pressed down respectively or simultaneously to be locked in a position contacting the blade 5; when the first pressing block 20 is pressed down, the first pressing block 20 slides backwards on the first sliding block 19, sliding is generated between the first spline 21 and the first spline groove 22, so that the first spline 21 slides into the first yielding cavity 23, when the first spline 21 is completely arranged in the first yielding cavity 23, the first spline 21 is separated from the first spline groove 22, and the first rotating shaft 10 can freely rotate after the locking is released; when the upper end of the blade 5 is moved rightwards at this time, as described above, the first gear 13 rotates counterclockwise and drives the first rotating shaft 10 to rotate simultaneously via the first one-way bearing 12; when the second pressing piece 26 is pressed, the movement relationship is the same as that of the first pressing piece 20, the locking of the second rotating shaft 11 is contacted, and when the lower end of the right-hand blade 5 is moved, the second gear 16 rotates clockwise and drives the second rotating shaft 11 to rotate simultaneously through the second one-way bearing 15.

After the blade 5 is reset, the next shearing operation can be carried out, the shearing device can be flexibly used according to articles sheared according to actual needs, and various different use requirements can be met.

When the shearing machine is used for shearing, the blade can be fed without integral movement, so that the object can be continuously sheared under the condition that the position of the lower clamp body and the position of the object are relatively unchanged, and the cut of the object after shearing is tidy; meanwhile, when the invention is used for shearing, the shearing for a long distance can be finished without moving the position of the lower clamp body, so when the operations such as removing stitches and removing bandages are carried out, the lower clamp body does not need to be frequently moved, the secondary injury to the body of a patient can be effectively avoided, and even if the position of the lower clamp body needs to be moved, the lower clamp body does not have a knife edge part, so the scratch or the stabbing pain to the body of the patient can not be caused under the normal condition, and the use safety is greatly improved.

In addition, when the cutting tool is used for cutting, the length of the blade is smaller than the lengths of the upper clamp body and the lower clamp body, so that even if a jaw included angle between the upper clamp body and the lower clamp body is small, the blade and the upper clamp body or the lower clamp body can be ensured to be in a larger clamping angle position, and the cutting tool is beneficial to cutting articles; simultaneously, when shearing the article that is close to the outside position of keeping silent, still can make the upper clipper body and the lower clipper body keep in great contained angle position, not only can make the shearing process more laborsaving, also be convenient for carry out the continuous adjustment of the angle of keeping silent, greatly improved the accurate control of shearing distance.

Claims

1. A feeding type clamp type scissors comprises an upper clamp body (1), a lower clamp body (2), a lower grab handle (3), an upper grab handle (4) and a blade (5), and is characterized in that the upper clamp body (1) is hinged with the right end of the lower clamp body (2), the right end of the upper clamp body (1) is connected with the left end of the lower grab handle (3), and the right end of the lower clamp body (2) is connected with the left end of the upper grab handle (4); the upper pliers body (1) is provided with a first abdicating groove (6) with an opening facing to the lower pliers body (2), the front end surface and the rear end surface of the first abdicating groove (6) are respectively provided with a first sliding groove (7) consistent with the length direction of the upper pliers body (1), the lower pliers body (2) is provided with a second abdicating groove (8) with an opening facing to the upper pliers body (1), and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the second abdicating groove (8) are respectively provided with a second sliding groove (9) consistent with the length direction of the lower pliers body (2); the upper end of the blade (5) is provided with a first rotating shaft (10), the two ends of the first rotating shaft (10) are respectively arranged in the two first sliding chutes (7), the lower end of the blade (5) is provided with a second rotating shaft (11), and the two ends of the second rotating shaft (11) are respectively arranged in the two second sliding chutes (9); the first rotating shaft (10) is connected with a first gear (13) through a first one-way bearing (12), a first rack (14) which is consistent with the length direction of the upper plier body (1) is arranged in the first abdicating groove (6), and the first gear (13) is meshed with the first rack (14); the second rotating shaft (11) is connected with a second gear (16) through a second one-way bearing (15), a second rack (17) which is consistent with the length direction of the lower plier body (2) is arranged in the second abdicating groove (8), the second gear (16) is meshed with the second rack (17), the first one-way bearing (12) enables the first gear (13) to be meshed with and driven to the outer side of the jaw on the first rack (14), and the second one-way bearing (15) enables the second gear (16) to be meshed with and driven to the outer side of the jaw on the second rack (17).

2. The pair of feeding type pliers-type scissors according to claim 1, wherein a third sliding groove (18) which is consistent with the length direction of the upper pliers body (1) is formed in the front end face of the upper pliers body (1), the third sliding groove (18) corresponds to the first sliding groove (7) in the front end face of the first abdicating groove (6) in position and is communicated with the first sliding groove, a first sliding block (19) is arranged in the third sliding groove (18), a first pressing block (20) which can slide back and forth on the first sliding block (19) is arranged on the first sliding block (19), the front end of the first rotating shaft (10) is arranged in the third sliding groove (18), a first spline (21) which is coaxial with the first rotating shaft (10) is arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft (10), a first spline groove (22) which is matched with the first spline (21) is formed in the first pressing block (20), and the first spline (21) is slidably arranged in the first spline groove (22); the first pressing block (20) is provided with a first yielding cavity (23) arranged in front of the first spline groove (22), when the first pressing block (20) slides backwards on the first sliding block (19), the first spline (21) and the first spline groove (22) slide to enable the first spline (21) to slide into the first yielding cavity (23), and when the first spline (21) is completely arranged in the first yielding cavity (23), the first spline (21) is separated from the first spline groove (22).

3. The pair of feeding type pliers-type scissors according to claim 1, wherein a fourth sliding groove (24) which is consistent with the length direction of the lower pliers body (2) is formed in the front end face of the lower pliers body (2), the fourth sliding groove (24) corresponds to and is communicated with a second sliding groove (9) in the front end face of the second abdicating groove (8), a second sliding block (25) is arranged in the fourth sliding groove (24), a second pressing block (26) which can slide back and forth on the second sliding block (25) is arranged on the second sliding block (25), the front end of the second rotating shaft (11) is arranged in the fourth sliding groove (24), a second spline (27) which is coaxial with the second rotating shaft (11) is arranged at the front end of the second rotating shaft (11), a second spline groove (28) which is matched with the second spline (27) is formed in the second pressing block (26), and the second spline (27) is slidably arranged in the second spline groove (28); the second pressing block (26) is provided with a second abdicating cavity (29) arranged in front of the second spline groove (28), when the second pressing block (26) slides backwards on the second sliding block (25), the second spline (27) and the second spline groove (28) slide to enable the second spline (27) to slide into the second abdicating cavity (29), and when the second spline (27) is completely arranged in the second abdicating cavity (29), the second spline (27) is separated from the second spline groove (28).

4. Feed pliers-type scissors according to claim 2, wherein a first spring (30) is arranged between the first pressure piece (20) and the first slider (19).

5. Feed pliers-type scissors according to claim 3, wherein a second spring (31) is arranged between the second pressure piece (26) and the second slider (25).