CN108469247B - Device and method for detecting pore-forming quality of ultra-long anchor cable in karst area - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting pore-forming quality of ultra-long anchor cable in karst area Download PDFInfo
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- CN108469247B CN108469247B CN201810240969.4A CN201810240969A CN108469247B CN 108469247 B CN108469247 B CN 108469247B CN 201810240969 A CN201810240969 A CN 201810240969A CN 108469247 B CN108469247 B CN 108469247B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting the pore-forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area, wherein the device comprises a detection auxiliary device, an information acquisition device and a data processing device, the detection auxiliary device comprises a sleeve, a sleeve head, a fixed pulley and a rope, the sleeve is arranged in an anchor cable hole, and the information acquisition device comprises: comprises an inclinometer and a tester; the inclinometer is arranged in the sleeve, one end of the rope is fixedly connected with the inclinometer, and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve after passing around the fixed pulley; the signal output end of an inclinometer sensor of the inclinometer is connected with the signal output end of the tester; and the signal input end of the data processing device is connected with the data output end of the tester. The detection method adopts the detection device to detect the anchor cable hole forming quality. Quality detection device simple structure, the equipment is convenient, and the detection cost is low, and more importantly, signal transmission adopts the cable, and signal transmission is stable, avoids the problem that the transmission signal loses easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the hole forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area.
Background
The characteristic that the drilling of the side slope anchor cable in the karst area is difficult to drill such as hole blocking, hole collapsing or slurry bleeding is often generated, and in addition, the drilling machine is easy to repeatedly vibrate up and down on a construction platform, so that the quality of the formed hole is poor, the drilled hole deviates from the original designed inclination angle and path, the problem of the defect increases the additional stress of the anchor cable, and the engineering safety is very unfavorable. At present, a hole forming quality detection method for an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area is rarely reported, hole forming quality detection is not carried out by a general engineering unit after hole forming of the anchor cable is finished, and due to the fact that hole forming depth in a rock-soil body is deep and is difficult to detect or detection cost is too high, the anchor cable does not work within design requirements after being laid down, potential safety hazards and safety accidents are caused by overload work of the anchor cable, and meanwhile the service life of the anchor cable is also shortened. In part of reports, a GPS positioning method is adopted for detection in the cavern, and the defects mainly include that signals in the cavern are unstable and are easily unacceptable, and underground water is easily damaged in the cavern in the karst region, so that the method is not suitable for the karst region. The device and the detection method are highly suitable for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area and are suitable for detecting the hole forming quality of other similar anchor cables.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the device for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area, which has the advantages of simple structure, stable signal and low cost.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a simple and accurate detection method for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultralong anchor cable in the karst area by adopting the hole forming quality detection device for the ultralong anchor cable in the karst area.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a karst area overlength anchor rope pore-forming quality detection device comprises a detection auxiliary device, an information acquisition device and a data processing device;
a detection assistance device: comprises a sleeve, a sleeve head, a fixed pulley and a rope;
the sleeve is internally provided with four grooves extending along the length direction of the sleeve, and the four grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve;
the sleeve is arranged in the anchor cable forming hole, and two grooves in the four grooves are positioned on a vertical surface and two grooves are positioned on a horizontal surface;
the sleeve head consists of a conical head part and a columnar connecting part, and is connected with the sleeve through the columnar connecting part;
the fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the columnar connecting part through a connecting rod;
the information acquisition device: comprises an inclinometer and a tester;
a guide wheel of the inclinometer is arranged in the groove, one end of the rope is fixedly connected with the inclinometer, and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve after passing around the fixed pulley;
the signal output end of the inclinometer sensor of the inclinometer is connected with the signal output end of the tester;
and the signal input end of the data processing device is connected with the data output end of the tester.
As an improvement, the casing is composed of a plurality of casing sections with equal length, and the end of each casing section is provided with a threaded interface for connection with each other.
As an improvement, the sleeve is made of PVC material.
As an improvement, the conical head is a solid structure made of cast iron.
As an improvement, the number of the connecting rods is two, and the fixed pulley is arranged between the two connecting rods and fixed on the two connecting rods through bolts.
As an improvement, the device also comprises a blocking rod, and two ends of the blocking rod are respectively connected to the two connecting rods.
As an improvement, a hook is welded on a base of the inclinometer, one end of the rope is connected to the hook of the inclinometer, and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve after passing around the fixed pulley.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for detecting the hole forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area is characterized in that the device for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area is adopted, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: placing the inclinometer as a horizontal inclinometer, placing the inclinometer into the casing, wherein the initial position is an initial position point, and the coordinates read by the tester to the initial position point are (x)1,y1)；
S2: pulling one end of the rope outside the sleeve, pulling an inclinometer for a m towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole to obtain a second observation point, and reading the coordinate (x) of the second observation point by the tester2,y2) Then the inclinometer is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After the meter is read, obtaining n observation points, and reading the coordinates (x) of the n observation points by the testern,yn) N is a natural number;
s3: setting the initial position of the inclinometer as the baseQuasi point, the coordinate of the reference point is (x'1,y′1)，x′1＝0，y′10, pulling the inclinometer to the inner side of the anchor cable hole by a meter to obtain a second test point (x'2,y′2) The inclinometer is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After meter, obtained n test points (x'n,y′n)；
S4: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula (1) and formula (2)'2,y′2) The horizontal and vertical coordinate values are respectively:
x′n＝x′n,1＝xn-x1(1)；
y′n＝y′n,1＝yn-y1(2)；
s5: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula (3) and formula (4)'2,y′2) The horizontal and vertical coordinate values are respectively: theta
Wherein, theta represents the deflection angle of the inclinometer, and the value of theta is read by the tester;
s6: the data processing device respectively adopts a formula (5) and a formula (6) to test points (x ') of number n'2,y′2) Optimizing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values to obtain accurate values of the horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the n test points, thereby obtaining accurate coordinates of the n test points;
the interval between two adjacent test points is a meters, so that L is a;
s7: and the data processing device draws a coordinate graph according to the accurate coordinates of all the optimized test points, so that the direction of the anchor cable hole can be measured, and the purpose of detecting whether the formed hole of the anchor cable hole is qualified is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the device for detecting the pore-forming quality of the ultralong anchor cable in the karst area has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in assembly and low detection cost, and more importantly, the cable is adopted for signal transmission, so that the signal transmission is stable, and the problem that the transmission signal is easy to lose is solved.
2. The invention provides a device for detecting the pore-forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area, which is suitable for pore-forming detection in the karst area.
3. The method for detecting the hole forming quality of the overlong anchor cable in the karst area has the advantages of simple data optimization method and few calculation steps, so that the calculation time consumption is low, the calculation error is small, the operation requirement on workers is low, the coordinate graph of the formed hole of the anchor cable is finally output, and the quality of the formed hole of the anchor cable is very visual.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a use state diagram of the device for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing head.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sleeve.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cannula.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the inclinometer.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the auxiliary detection device.
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the auxiliary inspection device.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting the pore-forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area.
Fig. 9 is a running view of the anchor cable hole in example 3.
In the figure, 1-rock slope, 2-anchor cable hole, 3-casing head, 4-casing, 5-rope, 6-inclinometer, 7-tester, 8-conical head, 9-columnar connecting part, 10-connecting rod, 11-fixed pulley, 13-threaded interface, 14-groove, 15-inclinometer sensor, 16-guide wheel, 17-hook, 18-cable 19-bolt 20-stop lever.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-7, a device for detecting the pore-forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area comprises a detection auxiliary device, an information acquisition device and a data processing device;
a detection assistance device: comprises a sleeve 4, a sleeve head 3, a fixed pulley 11 and a rope 5;
four grooves 14 extending along the length direction of the sleeve 4 are formed in the sleeve 4, and the four grooves 14 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 4, namely, on the cross section of the sleeve 4, the included angle formed by connecting lines from two adjacent grooves to the circle center is 90 degrees.
The sleeve 4 is arranged in the anchor cable forming hole, and two grooves 14 are arranged on a vertical plane and two grooves 14 are arranged on a horizontal plane in the four grooves 14; one of the connecting lines of the two grooves 14 is in a horizontal state, and the other is in a vertical state. Preferably, the casing 4 is made up of casing sections of equal length, each having a threaded interface 13 at the end for interconnection. For convenient installation, two adjacent casing sections are connected by screw threads. Four grooves 14 extending along the length direction of the sleeve section are formed in each sleeve section, the four grooves 14 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sleeve section, namely the central angle corresponding to two adjacent grooves is 90 degrees, the four grooves in two adjacent sleeve sections are in one-to-one correspondence, and the four grooves are aligned with each other.
As an improvement, the sleeve 4 is made of PVC material, and the PVC material has the functions of corrosion resistance and moisture resistance and is economical and practical.
The conical head 8 is a solid structure made of cast iron. The cast iron has certain rigidity and strength, and can ensure that the cast iron is not deformed and damaged when in contact with a rock body.
The fixed pulley 11 is fixedly arranged on the end face of the columnar connecting part through a connecting rod 10; namely, the fixed pulley 11 is positioned in the sleeve 4, and the diameter of the fixed pulley 11 is 10 cm; as a modification, the two connecting rods 10 are provided, and the fixed pulley 11 is disposed between the two connecting rods 10 and fixed to the two connecting rods 10 by bolts 19. The connecting rod device further comprises a stop rod 20, and two ends of the stop rod 20 are respectively connected to the two connecting rods 10. The stop lever 20 is provided to restrict the rope in the gap between the fixed sheave 11 and the connecting rod 10, to restrict the swing of the rope 5, and to prevent the rope 5 from coming off the fixed sheave as much as possible.
The information acquisition device: comprises an inclinometer 6 and a tester 7;
the guide wheel 16 of the inclinometer 6 is arranged in the groove 14, the groove 14 is equivalent to a moving track of the inclinometer 6, the inclinometer 6 is prevented from shaking in the moving process, so that the detection precision is reduced, the detection error is increased, one end of the rope 5 is fixedly connected with the inclinometer 6, and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve 4 after passing around the fixed pulley 11;
the signal output end of the inclinometer 15 of the inclinometer 6 is connected with the signal output end of the tester 7; the signal output end of the inclinometer sensor 15 is connected with the signal output end of the tester 7 through a cable 18.
As an improvement, a hook 17 is welded on the base of the inclinometer 6, one end of the rope 5 is connected to the hook 17 of the inclinometer 6, and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve 4 after passing around the fixed pulley 11. For moisture protection and longer service life, the hanger is preferably made of steel.
The signal input end of the data processing device is connected with the data output end of the tester 7.
Example 2: referring to fig. 8, the device for detecting the hole forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area according to the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the placing inclinometer is a horizontal inclinometer, the initial position is an initial position point after the inclinometer is placed in the casing 4, and the coordinates read by the tester 7 to the initial position point are (x)1,y1)；
S2: pulling one end of the rope 5 positioned outside the sleeve 4, pulling the inclinometer 6 to the inner side of the anchor cable hole for a meter to obtain a second observation point, and reading the coordinate (x) of the second observation point by the tester 72,y2) Then the inclinometer 6 is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After the meter is finished, n observation points are obtained, and the tester 7 reads the coordinates (x) of the n observation pointsn,yn) N is a natural number;
s3: assuming that the initial set-in initial position point of the inclinometer 6 is the reference point, the coordinates of the reference point are (x'1,y′1)，x′1＝0，y′10, pulling the inclinometer 6 to the inner side of the anchor cable hole by a meter to obtain a second test point (x'2,y′2) The inclinometer 6 is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After meter, obtained n test points (x'n,y′n)；
S4: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula 1 and formula 2'2,y′2) The horizontal and vertical coordinate values are respectively:
x′n＝x′n,1＝xn-x1(1)；
y′n＝y′n,1＝yn-y1(2)；
s5: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula 3 and formula 4'2,y′2) Horizontal and vertical coordinate values ofRespectively as follows: theta
Wherein, theta represents the deflection angle of the inclinometer, and the value of theta is read by the tester; because the gravity sensor is arranged in the inclinometer, the principle is always vertical downwards, and when the inclinometer deflects, the deflection angle of the gravity sensor and the inclinometer can be reflected.
S6: the data processing device respectively carries out comparison on n test points (x 'by adopting a formula 5 and a formula 6'2,y′2) Optimizing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values to obtain accurate values of the horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the n test points, thereby obtaining accurate coordinates of the n test points;
the interval between two adjacent test points is a meters, so that L is a;
s7: and the data processing device draws a coordinate graph according to the accurate coordinates of all the optimized test points, so that the direction of the anchor cable hole can be measured, and the purpose of detecting whether the formed hole of the anchor cable hole is qualified is achieved.
Example 3: the method of embodiment 2 is adopted to detect the anchor cable hole forming of the high and steep slope of the foundation pit in the ice and snow world, and the measured data is processed and analyzed to obtain the anchor cable hole trend diagram as 9.
As can be seen from fig. 9, the anchor line hole orientation is about 15 °, which is close to 12 ° required by the anchor line drilling design. Although the drilling hole swings up and down, the drill bit is stuck due to karst geology, and the drill bit is easy to shift after stopping drilling.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or substitutions to the technical solutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions and the scope of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for detecting the pore-forming quality of an ultra-long anchor cable in a karst area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the detection device for the pore-forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area comprises a detection auxiliary device, an information acquisition device and a data processing device;
a detection assistance device: comprises a sleeve (4), a sleeve head (3), a fixed pulley (11) and a rope (5);
the sleeve (4) is internally provided with four grooves (14) extending along the length direction of the sleeve (4), and the four grooves (4) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sleeve (4);
the sleeve (4) is arranged in the anchor cable forming hole, and of the four grooves (14), two grooves (14) are positioned on a vertical plane, and two grooves (14) are positioned on a horizontal plane;
the sleeve head (3) consists of a conical head part (8) and a columnar connecting part (9), and the sleeve head (3) is connected with the sleeve (4) through the columnar connecting part (9);
the fixed pulley (11) is fixedly arranged on the end face of the columnar connecting part (9) through a connecting rod (10);
the information acquisition device: comprises an inclinometer (6) and a tester (7);
a guide wheel (16) of the inclinometer (6) is arranged in the groove (14), one end of the rope (5) is fixedly connected with the inclinometer (6), and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve (4) after passing around the fixed pulley (11);
the signal output end of an inclinometer sensor (15) of the inclinometer (6) is connected with the signal output end of the tester (7);
the signal input end of the data processing device is connected with the data output end of the tester (7);
the conical head (8) is of a solid structure made of cast iron, the number of the connecting rods (10) is two, and the fixed pulley (11) is arranged between the two connecting rods (10) and fixed on the two connecting rods (10) through bolts (19);
the device also comprises a stop lever (20), wherein two ends of the stop lever (20) are respectively connected to the two connecting rods (10);
a hook (17) is welded on the base of the inclinometer (6), one end of the rope (5) is connected to the hook (17) of the inclinometer (6), and the other end of the rope extends out of the sleeve (4) after passing around the fixed pulley (11);
the sleeve (4) consists of a plurality of sleeve sections with equal length, and the end part of each sleeve section is provided with a threaded interface (13) for mutual connection; the sleeve (4) is made of PVC material;
the method for detecting the pore-forming quality of the ultra-long anchor cable in the karst area comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the placing inclinometer is a horizontal inclinometer, the initial position is an initial position point after the inclinometer is placed in the casing (4), and the coordinates of the initial position point read by the tester (7) are (x)1,y1)；
S2: pulling one end of the rope (5) outside the sleeve (4), pulling the inclinometer (6) for a meter towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole to obtain a second observation point, and reading the coordinate (x) of the second observation point by the tester (7)2,y2) Then the inclinometer (6) is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After the meter is finished, n observation points are obtained, and the coordinate (x) of the n observation points is read by the tester (7)n,yn) N is a natural number;
s3: setting the initial placing initial position point of the inclinometer (6) as a reference point, and setting the coordinate of the reference point as (x'1,y′1)，x′1＝0，y′10, pulling the inclinometer (6) to the inner side of the anchor cable hole by a meter to obtain a second test point (x'2,y′2) The inclinometer (6) is pulled towards the inner side of the anchor cable hole
After rice milling, obtainingTest point number n (x'n,y′n)；
S4: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula (1) and formula (2)'2,y′2) The horizontal and vertical coordinate values are respectively:
x′n＝x′n,1＝xn-x1(1)；
y′n＝y′n,1＝yn-y1(2)；
s5: the data processing device adopts n test points (x ') obtained by calculation of formula (3) and formula (4)'2,y′2) The horizontal and vertical coordinate values are respectively: theta
Wherein, theta represents the deflection angle of the inclinometer, and the value of theta is read by the tester;
s6: the data processing device respectively adopts a formula (5) and a formula (6) to test points (x ') of number n'2,y′2) Optimizing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values to obtain accurate values of the horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the n test points, thereby obtaining accurate coordinates of the n test points;
the interval between two adjacent test points is a meters, so that L is a;
s7: and the data processing device draws a coordinate graph according to the accurate coordinates of all the optimized test points, so that the direction of the anchor cable hole can be measured, and the purpose of detecting whether the formed hole of the anchor cable hole is qualified is achieved.
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| CN201810240969.4A CN108469247B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Device and method for detecting pore-forming quality of ultra-long anchor cable in karst area |
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| JP2592210B2 (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1997-03-19 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Method and apparatus for measuring inner surface shape of underground hole |
| CN203502017U (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Full-automatic sliding type inclinometry system |
| CN105937898A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-14 | 武汉长澳大地工程有限公司 | Fully-intelligent inclination measuring device and inclination measuring method |
| CN106197375A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 广州市吉华勘测股份有限公司 | A kind of remote automation tilt measurement and device |
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