CN108469230B - Wood veneer deformation measurement method based on three-dimensional laser scanning - Google Patents
Wood veneer deformation measurement method based on three-dimensional laser scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN108469230B CN108469230B CN201810201797.XA CN201810201797A CN108469230B CN 108469230 B CN108469230 B CN 108469230B CN 201810201797 A CN201810201797 A CN 201810201797A CN 108469230 B CN108469230 B CN 108469230B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wood veneer deformation measuring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, which comprises the following steps: (1) arranging positioning marks on the back of the deformed wood veneer, and scanning the deformed wood veneer by using a non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner; (2) carrying out point cloud noise processing, island removal, trimming and other editing operations on the obtained three-dimensional grid by using matched scanning software to obtain a visual deformed wood single-plate model; (3) recording the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by utilizing scanning software; (4) processing the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by using a three-dimensional figure geometric transformation matrix; (5) constructing a curved surface by utilizing a scattered data point triangulation method; (6) carrying out boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning punctuations, and establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate; (7) and obtaining deformation data of the tested veneer according to the wood veneer deformation evaluation index. The invention realizes the visualization, rapidness and accuracy of measuring and calculating the deformation of the wood veneer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wood veneer deformation measuring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, and belongs to the field of wood detection science and technology.
Background
The deformation of the rotary-cut veneer of wood has a great influence on the drying process and the processing process of the rotary-cut veneer of wood, the traditional measurement of the deformation degree of the veneer of wood is a test method for taking the twist degree of a plate as reference, the ratio of the maximum deviation height of the surface and the plane of the veneer to the width of the veneer to be measured is measured, because the deformation of the veneer is not uniform, the deformation degree of the veneer has difference at each position of the veneer, the test method can only measure the edge part of the veneer, the integral deformation of the veneer cannot be measured, and a steel ruler is used as a measuring tool to directly contact with the veneer to be measured during measurement, and the interference of external force exists. Therefore, the measured deformation data cannot completely reflect the whole deformation of the single plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the traditional measurement of the deformation degree of the wood veneer, the invention provides a method for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method is realized by the following technical scheme: a wood veneer deformation measurement method based on three-dimensional laser scanning comprises the following steps:
(1) scanning: arranging positioning marks on the back of the deformed wood veneer, and scanning the deformed wood veneer by using a non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner;
(2) obtaining a deformed wood veneer model: carrying out point cloud noise processing, island removal, trimming and other editing operations on the obtained three-dimensional grid by using matched scanning software to obtain a visual deformed wood single-plate model;
(3) acquiring coordinates of a positioning punctuation: recording the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by utilizing scanning software;
(4) and (3) coordinate data processing: processing the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by using a three-dimensional figure geometric transformation matrix;
(5) constructing a curved surface: constructing a curved surface by utilizing a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method;
(6) establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate: carrying out boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning punctuations, and establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate;
(7) obtaining deformation data: and obtaining deformation data of the tested veneer according to the wood veneer deformation evaluation index.
The wood veneer is any one of fast-growing wood veneers of China fir, poplar, eucalyptus, masson pine and radiata pine.
The positioning mark points are all arranged on the back of the single plate.
The coordinate data processing comprises the following specific steps:
setting n recorded positioning mark points, wherein one of the positioning mark points on the four corners of the single plate is M, translating the point M to a coordinate origin, correspondingly translating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the transverse striation direction angle of the single plate M to an xz surface along a z axis, correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the diagonal of the point M to an xy surface along an x axis, and correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points.
The structural curved surface arranges all points in an increasing order of the square of the distance from the minimum point of the x coordinate system, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
1) pre-sorting; 2) constructing an initial Thiessen triangularization; 3) every time a new point k is added, the point N on the boundary is found1、N2So thatFrom N in the counter-clockwise direction1To N2The experienced boundaries are all visible from k; 4) c, adding k and counter clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are connected, and the triangular T obtained by optimizationkAnd finally establishing an accurate deformed single-plate curved surface.
The method for establishing the contour map of the deformed single plate is characterized in that the boundary of a constructed curved surface is limited by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning points, and the part which exceeds the range of the detected single plate in the curved surface constructed by the Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method is removed.
The wood veneer deformation evaluation index is obtained by calculating the ratio of the maximum deformation height of the tested veneer to the minimum diagonal length of the tested veneer, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: d (%) is the degree of deformation; h is the maximum deformation height of the veneer; and L is the minimum diagonal length of the single plate.
The method is used for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning, a visual deformed wood veneer model can be quickly obtained, the deformation of the whole wood veneer can be accurately measured, and the visualization, rapidity and accuracy of measuring and calculating the deformation of the wood veneer are realized.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention uses the non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner, does not apply any external force to the wood veneer, and ensures the accuracy of the deformation data.
2. The invention utilizes the geometric transformation of three-dimensional figures to process the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations, and utilizes the Cleand Renka scattered data point triangulation method to construct a curved surface, and can compare the deformation of the single plate under the same condition.
3. The invention can realize the visualization, rapidity and accuracy of the deformation detection of the wood veneer by carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on the deformed veneer and processing the data, and can provide powerful technical support for the performance evaluation of the wood veneer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an image of a wood veneer before scanning according to an example.
Fig. 3 is a single board image after positioning punctuations are arranged in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the three-dimensional model obtained after scanning according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example raw location coordinates distribution.
Fig. 6 is a distribution diagram of the modified localization coordinates of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a contour plot of the deformation obtained after data processing of the examples.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
A wood veneer deformation measurement method based on three-dimensional laser scanning comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging positioning marks on the back of the deformed wood veneer, and scanning the deformed wood veneer by using a non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner;
(2) carrying out point cloud noise processing, island removal, trimming and other editing operations on the obtained three-dimensional grid by using matched scanning software to obtain a visual deformed wood single-plate model;
(3) recording the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by using matched scanning software;
(4) processing the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by using a three-dimensional figure geometric transformation matrix;
(5) constructing a curved surface by utilizing a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method;
(6) carrying out boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning punctuations, and establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate;
(7) the wood veneer deformation evaluation index is the ratio of the maximum veneer deformation height of a certain specification to the minimum diagonal length of the veneer.
A method for measuring and calculating the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning is disclosed, wherein the wood veneer is a fir, poplar, eucalyptus, pinus massoniana or radiata pine isovelocity raw wood veneer.
A method for measuring and calculating the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning is characterized in that positioning points are light-reflecting mark points with the diameter of 10mm and the light-reflecting diameter of 6mm, the positioning points are uniformly arranged at four corners and four sides of the veneer every 100mm to form a grid shape, and the positioning points are uniformly arranged on the back of the veneer; the resolution of the non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner is 0.05mm, and the accuracy is 0.03 mm.
A method for measuring and calculating wood veneer deformation based on three-dimensional laser scanning is characterized in that point cloud noise processing, island removal, trimming and other editing operations are carried out on an obtained three-dimensional grid by using matched scanning software, a visualized deformed wood veneer model of a deformed wood veneer model is obtained and is used as a visualized model, and veneer deformation cannot be accurately measured.
A method for measuring and calculating the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning utilizes the geometric transformation of a three-dimensional figure to process the three-dimensional coordinates of a positioning punctuation, and the specific processing steps are transformed according to the following modes:
setting n recorded positioning mark points, wherein one of the positioning mark points on the four corners of the single plate is M, translating the point M to a coordinate origin, correspondingly translating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the transverse striation direction angle of the single plate M to an xz surface along a z axis, correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the diagonal of the point M to an xy surface along an x axis, and correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points.
A method for measuring and calculating the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning utilizes a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method to construct a curved surface, the method arranges all points in an increasing order of the square of the distance from the minimum point of an x coordinate system, and the method is concretely realized by the following steps: 1) pre-sorting; 2) constructing an initial Thiessen triangularization; 3) every time a new point k is added, the point N on the boundary is found1、N2So as to counter-clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are all visible from k; 4) c, adding k and counter clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are connected, and the triangular T obtained by optimizationk. The purpose is to establish essenceAnd (5) forming a true deformed single-plate curved surface.
A method for measuring and calculating the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning is characterized in that the boundary of a constructed curved surface is limited by using corrected coordinates of positioning points, and the part which exceeds the range of a detected veneer in the curved surface constructed by a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method is removed.
A method for measuring and calculating the evaluation index of the deformation of a wood veneer based on three-dimensional laser scanning comprises the following specific steps: calculating the ratio of the maximum deformation height of the single plate with a certain specification to the minimum diagonal length of the single plate to be measured, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: d is the degree of deformation (%); h is the maximum deformation height (mm) of the veneer; l is the minimum diagonal length (mm) of the veneer.
Examples
As shown in fig. 2, in this example, a bark of a cedar is cut into 1.3m, peeled, and cut into 2mm thick on a mandrel-less rotary cutter, wherein the moisture content of the raw material is about 146%. In the rotary cutting process of the log, a plurality of veneers with the diameter of 1270mm multiplied by 870mm are respectively randomly drawn at 300mm-280mm, 150mm-130mm and 80mm-50mm, and cut into test pieces with the diameter of 400mm multiplied by 400mm, and the test pieces are respectively marked as A type, B type and C type from outside to inside. Drying in a natural state, drying and deforming in the natural state, and measuring the water content of the veneer to be 18 percent before testing.
As shown in figure 3, the special reflective marks with the diameter of 10mm and the reflective diameter of 6mm are uniformly distributed at every 100mm at the four corners and four sides of the single plate on the back of the single plate, and are in a grid shape. And scanning the deformed single plate by using a non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner, wherein the resolution ratio of the non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner is 0.05mm, and the accuracy is 0.03 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional mesh obtained is subjected to editing operations such as point cloud noise processing, island removal, trimming and the like by using matched scanning software. And obtaining the scanned deformed single-board model.
After the scanning is finished, the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations are recorded by using the matched software, as shown in fig. 5, the recorded original three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations are irregularly distributed, so that the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations are processed by using the geometric transformation of a three-dimensional figure, and the specific processing steps are transformed according to the following modes:
setting 25 recorded positioning mark points, wherein one of the positioning mark points on the four corners of the single plate is M, translating the point M to a coordinate origin, correspondingly translating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the transverse stripe direction angle of the single plate M to an xz surface along a z axis, correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the diagonal of the point M to an xy surface along an x axis, and correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points to obtain a corrected positioning coordinate point distribution diagram as shown in FIG. 6.
A curved surface is constructed by utilizing a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method, the method arranges all points in an increasing order of the square of the distance from the minimum point of an x coordinate system, and the method is specifically realized by the following steps: 1) pre-sorting; 2) constructing an initial Thiessen triangularization; 3) every time a new point k is added, the point N on the boundary is found1、N2So as to counter-clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are all visible from k; 4) c, adding k and counter clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are connected, and the triangular T obtained by optimizationk. The purpose is to establish an accurate deformed single-plate curved surface.
And (3) performing boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning punctuations, removing the part which exceeds the range of the detected single plate in the curved surface constructed by the Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method, and establishing a contour diagram of the deformed single plate as shown in FIG. 7.
In this embodiment, the processed image is analyzed, data of the maximum height difference and the minimum diagonal length of the tested veneer in the contour diagram are extracted, table 1 is a result of the deformation degree of the sequoia intermedia veneer in the embodiment, table 2 is a result of the deformation degree of the sequoia intermedia veneer in the conventional method, and from a comparison of the results, the coefficient of variation of the deformation degree of the veneer measured by using the method is 3.43% in class a, 4.08% in class B, and 2.05% in class C, and is small compared with the coefficient of variation of the deformation degree measured by the conventional method (8.58% in class a, 9.62% in class B, and 14.60% in class C), which indicates that the accuracy of the deformation degree of the veneer measured by using the method is.
TABLE 1 results of the degree of deformation of a Chinese fir veneer
TABLE 2 results of degree of deformation of Taxus chinensis veneer in conventional method
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all such changes or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A wood veneer deformation measurement method based on three-dimensional laser scanning is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) scanning: arranging positioning marks on the back of the deformed wood veneer, and scanning the deformed wood veneer by using a non-contact three-dimensional laser scanner;
(2) obtaining a deformed wood veneer model: carrying out point cloud noise processing, island removal and trimming and editing operation on the obtained three-dimensional grid by using matched scanning software to obtain a visual deformed wood single-plate model;
(3) acquiring coordinates of a positioning punctuation: recording the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by utilizing scanning software;
(4) and (3) coordinate data processing: processing the three-dimensional coordinates of the positioning punctuations by using a three-dimensional figure geometric transformation matrix; the method comprises the following specific steps:
setting n recorded positioning mark points, wherein one of the positioning mark points on the four corners of the single plate is M, translating the point M to a coordinate origin, correspondingly translating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the transverse striation direction angle of the single plate at the point M to an xz surface along a z axis, correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points, positively rotating the positioning mark point on the diagonal of the point M to an xy surface along an x axis, and correspondingly rotating the other coordinate points;
(5) constructing a curved surface: constructing a curved surface by utilizing a Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method;
(6) establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate: carrying out boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning points, and establishing a contour map of the deformed single plate, wherein the established contour map of the deformed single plate is used for carrying out boundary limitation on the constructed curved surface by using the corrected coordinates of the positioning points, and removing the part which exceeds the range of the detected single plate in the curved surface constructed by the Cline and Renka scattered data point triangulation method;
(7) obtaining deformation data: and obtaining deformation data of the tested veneer according to the wood veneer deformation evaluation index.
2. The method for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on the three-dimensional laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wood veneer is a fast-growing wood veneer selected from one of sequoia zhongshanensis, poplar, eucalyptus, masson pine and radiata pine.
3. The method for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on the three-dimensional laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning points are all arranged on the back surface of the veneer.
4. The method for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on the three-dimensional laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structural curved surface arranges the points in an increasing order of the square of the distance from the minimum point of the x coordinate system, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
1) pre-sorting; 2) constructing an initial Thiessen triangularization; 3) every time a new point k is added, the point N on the boundary is found1、N2So as to counter-clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are all visible from k; 4) c, adding k and counter clockwise from N1To N2The experienced boundaries are connected, and the triangular T obtained by optimizationkAnd finally establishing an accurate deformed single-plate curved surface.
5. The method for measuring the deformation of the wood veneer based on the three-dimensional laser scanning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evaluation index of the deformation of the wood veneer is obtained by calculating the ratio of the maximum height of the deformation of the measured veneer to the minimum diagonal length of the measured veneer, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: d (%) is the degree of deformation; h is the maximum deformation height of the veneer; and L is the minimum diagonal length of the single plate.
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| CN102607447B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2014-08-20 | 北京北科安地科技发展有限公司 | Method for rapidly monitoring deformation by aid of ground-based three-dimensional laser scanner |
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| 覆铜板和PCB翘曲度的检测方法;曾光龙;《印刷电路信息》;20060110(第1期);第52-67页 * |
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