CN108467954B - Manufacturing method of chromium bronze material for isolating switch contact - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of chromium bronze material for isolating switch contact Download PDFInfo
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- CN108467954B CN108467954B CN201810105751.8A CN201810105751A CN108467954B CN 108467954 B CN108467954 B CN 108467954B CN 201810105751 A CN201810105751 A CN 201810105751A CN 108467954 B CN108467954 B CN 108467954B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 0.4% -1.0%, Al: 0.1% -0.3%, Mg: 0.1% -0.3%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps: 1) preparing materials; 2) smelting; 3) extruding and cooling to obtain a round bar profile for rolling the alloy contact piece; 4) rolling; 5) drawing and cold deformation; 6) aging treatment; 7) sawing and processing to length; the chromium bronze contact sheet obtained by the invention has higher conductivity, strength, hardness and oxidation resistance; the conductivity (20 ℃) is more than or equal to 60 percent IACS, the hardness HB is more than or equal to 130, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 480Mpa, and the antioxidant property is good. The chromium bronze contact piece solves the problems of oxidation, heating softening and the like of the isolating switch; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, and energy is saved and consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of isolating switch conductive materials, in particular to a manufacturing method of a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece.
Background
The high-voltage isolating switch is an important component of a power grid and is also one of key equipment related to safe and stable operation of the power grid. The insulating device has the functions of isolating live operation equipment from electrical equipment, buses or circuits which are overhauled in a power failure or in a standby state in a power system, and forming an obvious disconnection point by utilizing the visibility and reliable insulating capability of a fracture of the insulating device, so that the operation reliability and the safety of overhauling operators are ensured. Meanwhile, the system can be matched with a breaker, and the operation mode of the system can be changed conveniently.
The contact piece of the isolating switch is a core part of the isolating switch, a pressure spring on the contact piece is in a stressed state for a long time and is fatigued when the isolating switch is switched on, water is easy to enter the middle contact piece, the spring is rusted seriously and even rusted to break, the pressure of the contact piece is reduced, the contact resistance is increased, overheating is caused, in the process of maintenance, the strip contact piece of too many products which are put into operation in an early stage is annealed and softened due to overheating, and a deformed strip contact finger is in a switching-off state for a long time and is polluted by the atmosphere, and a covering layer with higher resistivity is formed on the contact surface due to the action of surface oxidation and dirt, so that the contact resistance of. The defects of the Cu-Cr alloy contact piece alloy which is widely used at present are overcome, and therefore a novel Cu-Cr-Al-Mg alloy is developed.
An alloy is a substance with metallic characteristics, which is synthesized by two or more metals and metals or nonmetals through a certain method. Typically by melting to a homogeneous liquid and solidifying.
The metal alloy material has a wide range of applications, and among them, copper alloy occupies a large proportion in the application of the metal alloy material. The copper alloy has higher tensile strength and can be used in professional directions with higher requirements on the stretchability of the metal alloy. The conventional copper alloy material has a low tensile strength, generally only 400Mpa to 600Mpa, and the application thereof is limited to some extent due to the low tensile strength of the conventional alloy material.
The Cu-Cr alloy is a typical solid solution strengthening alloy, Al and Mg can be used as alloy elements of chromium bronze, a thin and compact oxide film which is firmly combined with matrix metal can be formed on the surface of the Cu-Cr alloy, the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the heat resistance of the alloy are improved, but the content of Al and the content of Mg in the alloy are not more than 0.3 percent respectively. A new material is urgently needed to solve the problems of oxidation, heating softening and the like of the contact of the Cu-Cr isolating switch.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the manufacturing method of the chromium bronze material for the contact piece of the isolating switch, which has the advantages of simple process, energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a manufacturing method of a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 0.4% -1.0%, Al: 0.1% -0.3%, Mg: 0.1% -0.3%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the component requirements of the chromium bronze material and the proportion of each alloy element;
2) smelting according to the proportion of each element and a specific adding mode of each element, and pouring to obtain an ingot with a required specification;
3) heating the cast ingot to 880-950 ℃, controlling the initial extrusion temperature to be not lower than 920 ℃, controlling the preheating temperature of an extrusion tool and a die to be 380-400 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 70-90, controlling the extrusion speed to be 6-10mm/s, and cooling to obtain a round bar profile for rolling the alloy contact piece;
4) rolling the round bar section to obtain a rolled section;
5) drawing and cold-deforming the rolled section on a cold drawing machine, controlling the cold deformation to be 40-50%, and drawing to a specified size to obtain a contact sheet drawn section;
6) and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the section subjected to drawing at 400-500 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours to obtain the chromium bronze material for the contact piece of the isolating switch.
Further, the specific addition mode is as follows: mg is added in a master alloy mode, Cr is added in a master alloy mode, Cu is added in a copper plate and master alloy mode, and Al is added in a pure material block mode; the intermediate alloy is added in a mode of being more convenient to add into the total alloy, so that the problems of burning loss, difficult melting of high-melting-point alloy and the like are solved.
Further, Mg is added in a Cu-Mg intermediate alloy mode; by adopting the mode of adding the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy, the problems that a simple substance of Mg is easy to burn out, a high melting point is difficult to melt in, the density is high, the segregation is easy and the like can be solved, the problems of burning out, the high melting point alloy is difficult to melt in and the like can be solved more effectively, and meanwhile, the influence on raw materials and the final alloy is small.
Further, adding Cr in a Cu-Cr intermediate alloy mode; by adopting the mode of adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy, the problems that a Cr element is easy to burn out, a high melting point is difficult to melt in, the density is high, the segregation is easy and the like can be solved, the problems of burning out, the high melting point alloy is difficult to melt in and the like can be solved more effectively, and meanwhile, the influence on raw materials and the final alloy is small.
Furthermore, the copper plate is an electrolytic copper plate, and the purity is more than 99%; because of its extremely high quality and low impurity content, it is more suitable for use in the manufacture of electrical products.
Furthermore, the smelting equipment adopts a vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace; the vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace is adopted for smelting, so that the smelted alloy is more precise, and the manufacturing of the isolating switch contact in the later period is facilitated.
Further, after the electrolytic copper plate and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy are smelted, adding an aluminum block and then adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy; the method can effectively fuse the elements, so that the finally smelted chromium bronze alloy has better performance.
Further, a cooling mode adopts a water cooling mode for cooling; not only can the cooling effect be strengthened, but also the operation cost is low.
Further, the isolating switch contact is sawed to be cut to length according to requirements by using a chromium bronze material to obtain a final contact part; the chromium bronze material is processed, and the fixed length sawing processing is carried out according to the requirement, so that the application range is wider.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the chromium bronze contact sheet obtained by the invention has higher conductivity, strength, hardness and oxidation resistance; the conductivity (20 ℃) is more than or equal to 60 percent IACS, the hardness HB is more than or equal to 130, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 480Mpa, and the antioxidant property is good. The chromium bronze contact piece solves the problems of oxidation, heating softening and the like of the isolating switch; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, and energy is saved and consumption is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a manufacturing method of a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 0.4%, Al: 0.1%, Mg: 0.1%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the component requirements of the chromium bronze material and the proportion of each alloy element; mg is added in a Cu-Mg intermediate alloy mode, Cr is added in a Cu-Cr intermediate alloy mode, Cu is added in an electrolytic copper plate and intermediate alloy mode, and Al is added in a pure material block mode;
2) smelting according to the proportion of each element and a specific adding mode of each element, wherein smelting equipment adopts a vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, and casting to obtain an ingot with a required specification; wherein, the smelting process comprises the steps of adding an aluminum block after the electrolytic copper plate and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy are smelted, and then adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy;
3) heating the cast ingot to 880 ℃, controlling the initial extrusion temperature to be 920 ℃, controlling the preheating temperature of an extrusion tool and a die to be 380 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 70, controlling the extrusion speed to be 6mm/s, and cooling to obtain a round bar section for rolling the alloy contact piece; wherein, the cooling mode adopts a water cooling mode for cooling;
4) rolling the round bar section to obtain a rolled section;
5) drawing and cold-deforming the rolled section on a cold drawing machine, controlling the cold deformation to be 40%, and drawing to a specified size to obtain a contact sheet drawn section;
6) aging the drawn section at 400 ℃ for 2 hours;
7) and (4) carrying out fixed-length sawing processing on the section detected by heat treatment according to requirements to obtain the final contact piece part.
Analysis and test of the disconnecting switch made of the chromium bronze material by the method show that the electric conductivity (20 ℃) is 70% IACS, the hardness HB is 152, the tensile strength Rm is 500Mpa, and the disconnecting switch has good oxidation resistance.
Example 2: a manufacturing method of a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 0.8%, Al: 0.2%, Mg: 0.2%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the component requirements of the chromium bronze material and the proportion of each alloy element; mg is added in a Cu-Mg intermediate alloy mode, Cr is added in a Cu-Cr intermediate alloy mode, Cu is added in an electrolytic copper plate and intermediate alloy mode, and Al is added in a pure material block mode;
2) smelting according to the proportion of each element and a specific adding mode of each element, wherein smelting equipment adopts a vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, and casting to obtain an ingot with a required specification; wherein, the smelting process comprises the steps of adding an aluminum block after the electrolytic copper plate and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy are smelted, and then adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy;
3) heating the cast ingot to 900 ℃, controlling the initial extrusion temperature to be 930 ℃, controlling the preheating temperature of an extrusion tool and a die to be 390 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 80, controlling the extrusion speed to be 8mm/s, and cooling to obtain a round bar section for rolling the alloy contact piece; wherein, the cooling mode adopts a water cooling mode for cooling;
4) rolling the round bar section to obtain a rolled section;
5) performing cold drawing deformation on the rolled section on a cold drawing machine, controlling the cold deformation to be 45%, and drawing to a specified size to obtain a contact piece drawn section;
6) aging the drawn section at 450 ℃ for 3 hours;
7) and (4) carrying out fixed-length sawing processing on the section detected by heat treatment according to requirements to obtain the final contact piece part.
Analysis and test of the disconnecting switch made of the chromium bronze material by the method show that the electric conductivity (20 ℃) is 73% IACS, the hardness HB is 176, the tensile strength Rm is 573Mpa, and the disconnecting switch has good oxidation resistance.
Example 3: a manufacturing method of a chromium bronze material for an isolating switch contact piece comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 1.0%, Al: 0.3%, Mg: 0.3%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the component requirements of the chromium bronze material and the proportion of each alloy element; mg is added in a Cu-Mg intermediate alloy mode, Cr is added in a Cu-Cr intermediate alloy mode, Cu is added in an electrolytic copper plate and intermediate alloy mode, and Al is added in a pure material block mode;
2) smelting according to the proportion of each element and a specific adding mode of each element, wherein smelting equipment adopts a vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace, and casting to obtain an ingot with a required specification; wherein, the smelting process comprises the steps of adding an aluminum block after the electrolytic copper plate and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy are smelted, and then adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy;
3) heating the cast ingot to 950 ℃, controlling the initial extrusion temperature to 950 ℃, controlling the preheating temperature of an extrusion tool and a die to be 400 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 90, controlling the extrusion speed to be 10mm/s, and cooling to obtain a round bar profile for rolling the alloy contact piece; wherein, the cooling mode adopts a water cooling mode for cooling;
4) rolling the round bar section to obtain a rolled section;
5) performing cold drawing deformation on the rolled section on a cold drawing machine, controlling the cold deformation to be 50%, and drawing to a specified size to obtain a contact sheet drawn section;
6) aging the drawn section at 500 ℃ for 4 hours;
7) and (4) carrying out fixed-length sawing processing on the section detected by heat treatment according to requirements to obtain the final contact piece part.
Analysis and test of the disconnecting switch made of the chromium bronze material by the method show that the electric conductivity (20 ℃) is 74% IACS, the hardness HB is 171, the tensile strength Rm is 610Mpa, and the disconnecting switch has good oxidation resistance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The manufacturing method of the chromium bronze material for the contact piece of the isolating switch is characterized in that the chromium bronze material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 0.4% -1.0%, Al: 0.1% -0.3%, Mg: 0.1% -0.3%, Cu: the balance; the preparation method of the chromium bronze material comprises the following steps:
proportioning the alloy elements according to the component requirements of the chromium bronze material, and selecting and weighing corresponding raw materials;
smelting according to the proportion of each element and a specific adding mode of each element, and pouring to obtain an ingot with a required specification; the smelting equipment adopts a vacuum intermediate frequency induction furnace; after the electrolytic copper plate and the Cu-Mg intermediate alloy are smelted, adding an aluminum block and then adding the Cu-Cr intermediate alloy;
heating the cast ingot to 880-950 ℃, controlling the initial extrusion temperature to be not lower than 920 ℃, controlling the preheating temperature of an extrusion tool and a die to be 380-400 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 70-90, controlling the extrusion speed to be 6-10mm/s, and cooling to obtain a round bar profile for rolling the alloy contact piece; the cooling mode adopts a water cooling mode for cooling;
rolling the round bar section to obtain a rolled section;
drawing and cold-deforming the rolled section on a cold drawing machine, controlling the cold deformation to be 40-50%, and drawing to a specified size to obtain a contact sheet drawn section;
carrying out aging treatment on the section subjected to drawing at the temperature of 400-;
the isolating switch contact piece is made of a chromium bronze material and then is sawed to be cut to length according to requirements, and a final contact piece part is obtained.
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| CN201810105751.8A CN108467954B (en) | 2018-02-02 | 2018-02-02 | Manufacturing method of chromium bronze material for isolating switch contact |
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| CN110947909A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 苏州创实精密五金有限公司 | Manufacturing method of chromium bronze joint casting for generator |
| CN112593115A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-02 | 杭州昶海电力科技有限公司 | Processing technology of high-voltage switch contact piece |
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| CN101717875A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-02 | 甘肃大鑫铜业有限责任公司 | Chromium bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101717876A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Chrome zirconium copper alloy and preparing and processing method thereof |
| CN106756203A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fine grain chromium-bronze |
| CN107385276A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 徐高杰 | A kind of generator amature slot wedge copper alloy and its processing technology |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2682577B2 (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1997-11-26 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | Manufacturing method of copper alloy for terminals and connectors |
| JP2000104150A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-11 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co Ltd | Production of copper alloy for electronic material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101717875A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-02 | 甘肃大鑫铜业有限责任公司 | Chromium bronze alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101717876A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Chrome zirconium copper alloy and preparing and processing method thereof |
| CN106756203A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fine grain chromium-bronze |
| CN107385276A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 徐高杰 | A kind of generator amature slot wedge copper alloy and its processing technology |
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