CN1084598A - Weir - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of Weir, in the energy dissipating piece that is arranged in rows, in length and breadth to linking Φ 25 reinforcing bars, concrete energy dissipating piece is 1～4 row to be arranged, and by water (flow) direction, the energy dissipating piece weir crest height from the upstream to the downstream is stepped.Front-seat and back row's ladder height differs 25～50cm.On the top of energy dissipating piece, laid dry stone or waste tire are set, form the form that semifixed weir combines with movable weir.It is simple and easy cheap to construct, and the practical value height has bigger overturning or slip resistance analysis and factor of safety against sliding in flood or in the river that The turbulent river crashes its way through.Help the rivers and canals diversion irrigation.

Description

Weir

The present invention relates to the devices for dissipation of energy of structure, the especially flood spillway on dam, river, a kind of hurdle or weir.

Head-work in the torrent is troubling and masty problem always.The turbulent river crashes its way through, when the stream condition is unstable, very easily cause the rivers and creeks to change its course when the river, even destroy by rush of water river weir or scour riverbed.In this case, tend to cause head to improve, the difficulty that causes water guide to irrigate can make diversion irrigation sink into to pause when serious.Wash in a pan dark water level in order to improve the riverbed because of washing away, the practice of custom is to throw toward the place of being washed away, riverbed to fill out " Gou " and flood reluctantly and obtain to draw filling.After another time flood arrived, all that has been achieved is spoiled, destroys nothing left but after a while.Difficulty of construction is also bigger, poor effect.The cost of materials of Gou and expenses of labour are also relatively more expensive.

Russian Patent SU889785 utilize to arrange and to be grid-like many energy dissipating pieces and to solve the problems referred to above, this energy dissipating piece flow path direction end opening that meets water, and side wall is erect at the back side, and the riverbed is wedged with pin in the bottom surface.This structure is owing to be that single energy dissipating piece is in the face of current, though see that from integral body a plurality of energy dissipating pieces are staggered, for weakening eddy current is effective, but in some rivers that The turbulent river crashes its way through, on the validity of using, still there are some queries, from the angle of construction, Wedged pin also has certain degree of difficulty to the bottom, riverbed.

The objective of the invention is to propose the water that Weir that a kind of movable weir combines with fixing river weir tackles in the river its guiding is entered irrigation canal.Waterflow stabilization when standing flood, river weir is stablized in good health, and flood is had enough opposing slippages and anti-turning over safety factor; And can stablize water intaking and irrigate the saving maintenance cost.

The present invention is achieved in that the husky lock 4 of row that comprises the energy dissipating piece 1 that is arranged in rows, is arranged at rivers and creeks section, concrete energy dissipating piece is 1～4 row and arranges, according to water (flow) direction, the weir crest height of every row's concrete energy dissipating piece 1 progressively successively decrease to the downstream from the upstream form stepped, connect to all establishing reinforcing bar 2 in length and breadth between each concrete energy dissipating piece 1, the husky lock 4 of the row of every row's energy dissipating piece all is located at same position.Last row's energy dissipating piece to the weir crest discrepancy in elevation of arranging the energy dissipating piece down is 25～50cm.The bar diameter 25mm that connects the energy dissipating piece.The front end that the head that is positioned at the upstream arranges energy dissipating piece 1 is provided with laid dry stone bank protection 6.Rectangle stone 3 or a plurality of waste tire are piled up in the top of each block concrete energy dissipating piece.

The present invention has following characteristics:

Weir construct simple and easy cheap, the practical value height.

2. connecting to the reinforcing bar that Φ 25 is all arranged in length and breadth of energy dissipating piece, form whole river weir structure, have flexing resistance again simultaneously, if wherein some energy dissipating piece turning overs can not influence another piece energy dissipating piece cracking destruction.

3. the frictional resistance of energy dissipating piece can transmit mutually, has increased factor of safety against sliding.

Between each energy dissipating piece because action of steel bars, floor space is increased, thereby has also increased the safety factor of opposing turning over.

5. staged energy dissipating block structure can prevent the scour phenomenon of river weir front end energy dissipating piece effectively.This is because leave the gap between the concrete energy dissipating piece, offsets energy because of the backflow effect of current is impacted water mutually, so can avoid the effect of washing the sand.

6. save operating expenses and maintenance cost.This is because if there is portion's hurt bad, can repair one by one at any time, also can record again in the former address when as if the surperficial for years of energy dissipating piece wearing and tearing being arranged.

Figure 1A is the rectangle pyramid Gou floor map of high 150cm.

B is a brachmorphy pyramid Gou side schematic view.

Fig. 2 A is cylindrical Gou side schematic view.

B is cylindrical Gou ground plan.

Fig. 3 is the fixed weir lateral view.

Fig. 4 is the Weir lateral view.

Fig. 5 be the buoyant foundation support pier formula weir force analysis figure.

Fig. 6 is basic flush type Weir force analysis figure.

Fig. 7 bears gravel impact analysis chart for the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a flat roof type Weir lateral view.

Fig. 9 is a staged Weir lateral view.

Figure 10 uses embodiment for Weir.

Now further narrate structure embodiment of the present invention and feasibility in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Referring to Fig. 1～4: adopt bamboo weaving or branch establishment Gou, shape has tetrahedral angle taper or cylindrical, interior rocking, throw and fill in the river course that is washed away, construction easily, impact resistance not.Fixed weir mostly is the coagulation earth bank generally by the requirement that intercepts water fully, the durability height, and dash is effective, but because this fixed weir is a rigid structures, and not enough or deal with improperly as foundation strength, Chang Yi causes danger, and local damage is difficult for repairing, and cost is also relatively more expensive.Also have a kind of movable weir, this structure types is applicable to the situation that the overflow depth of water is excessive or the riverbed mobile impurities is too much, adopts fixed weir to bury or when stopping up water inlet, adopts movable weir more.Weir of the present invention has the characteristics of fixed weir and movable weir simultaneously concurrently, with connecting with reinforcing bar between the energy dissipating piece, generally adopts horizontal three row's formulas or four row's formulas, and when running into flood, flood can wash out the thing of piling up of connecting reinforcement place or weir crest.

Referring to Fig. 6: the design formulas of Weir active force is as follows: concrete energy dissipating piece adopts 2m * 2m * 2m, and Weir is imbedded 1 meter in riverbed, is in saturation state.

If weir crest depth of water H ₁=50cm

The unit weight W of water _o=1000kg/m ³

Concrete density r=2.4T/m ³

Building stones unit weight r stone=2.6T/m ³

Water flow impact pressure F1=(W ₀Q)/(g) V (V is that flow velocity, Q are flow) ... (1)

Hydrostatic pressure F2=1/2 W _o(H ² ₂-H ² ₁) ... (2)

Soil pressure (pressing the Rankine formula)

P _o＝1/2（W1-W _o）C _oH _o ²……（3）

In the formula: the unit weight=1.8T/m of W1-silt unit ³

W _oUnit weight=the 1T/m of unit of-water ³

C _o-coefficient of earth pressure=0.4～0.5

H _o=silt height

Friction factor f=0.4(concrete and sand)

One. the buoyant foundation

Buoyancy pu=1/2W _oH ₂L ... (4)

Come-up frictional force pf=f(W _o-Pu) ... (5)

Hydraulic impact F1=(W ₀The QV=of)/(g) (HBW ₀The V of)/(g) ²(6)

Hydrostatic pressure F2=1/2W _o(H ₂-H ₁) ... (7)

Origin of force distance X=1/3 H (H ₂+ 2H ₁)/(H ₂+ H ₁) ... (8)

The slip safety factor

n= (f(W ₀-Pu))/(F1+F2) = 6680/4836.7 =1.37 ……（9）

The turning over safety factor

K ₀= (W ₀)/(Pu×4/3+F3×0.78+F2×1) =2.41……（10）

Two. the flush type basis:

The slip safety factor

n= (f(W ₀-Pu-P′u))/(F3+F2+F1-F4) = 5760/3492 =1.65

The turning over safety factor

K ₀= (f(W ₀×1+Pe×2/3+F2×0.22)/(F1×0.5+F4×0.31+Pu′×4/3+Pu′×2/3)

= 19994/6452.9 =3.09

Three. the suffered impact force of gravel

According to Newton's formula, act on the power of gravel

In the formula: C-empirical coefficient=0.53

The gravel area of A-Transverse to the flow direction

The unit unit weight of ω-water

V _Stone-gravel volume

G-acceleration of gravity

Gravel is heavy in water

W _Stone=(d-w _o) V _Stone(12)

In the formula: the proportion of d-gravel

The condition that gravel moves down in the riverbed

F ω+W _StoneSin α＞fW _StoneCos α ... (13)

(Cw)/(2g) AV ²＞（d-w _o）V（fcosα-sinα）……（14）

The gravel major axis is a, and axis is b, and minor axis is c

V _Stone=4/3 π (a+b+c)/8 A=π (ac)/4

A is the axle of parallel water (flow) direction, and c is the axle vertical with water (flow) direction

$V=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\βb}(d-w_0)(f\cos a-\sin a)}{w_0}}---\left(15\right)$

In the formula: V-water velocity, β-(4g)/(3c) (being constant)

If gravel diameter is 1 meter, V=4.87m/sec then is even also the water velocity that moves of the gravel of 1 meter of diameter is 4.87m/sec

If the volume of energy dissipating piece is 2m * 2m * 2m, the water velocity that then can carry above-mentioned energy dissipating piece is V=12m/sec.Thereby can be according to flow rate of water flow, and the opposing turning over, the size of the safe coefficient design energy dissipating piece of slippage.

Referring to Fig. 8～9: flat roof type whetstone Dun Yan is weaker than stairstepping whetstone Dun Yan to the energy dissipating effect of current, and its front end energy dissipating piece has the situation of washing the sand.Every row's discrepancy in elevation of staged energy dissipating piece differs 25～50cm, and Parallel to the flow direction progressively lowers.Stairstepping whetstone Dun Yan has the discrepancy in elevation at the weir crest place, and current form the many places eddy current, offsets the energy of water (flow) direction.This type can reduce the scour phenomenon of front end energy dissipating piece effectively.

Concrete energy dissipating piece 1 pours on the spot in the riverbed, can imbed certain depth under the riverbed.At concrete energy dissipating piece weir crest placed rockfill layer or waste tire being set is in order further to eliminate energy.If this placed rockfill layer or waste tire can not be resisted current scour, be washed away by the river immediately, but can not influence the basis on weir and this body structure of energy dissipating piece.Between energy dissipating piece 1, connect in length and breadth with Φ 25mm reinforcing bar 2.Need establish distributing bar around being embedded in the embedding place in the concrete energy dissipating piece.

Referring to Figure 10: by two row's energy dissipating pieces, sediment outflow lock 4 is formed staged whetstone Dun Yan, arranges the gate of husky lock and takes single lock formula can prevent the alluvial of foreign material such as earth more effectively.When the husky lock of the row of opening, be preferably in the moment that water level has just moved back.

If there is alluvial the upstream and the phenomenon of riverbed bed hedgehopping is occurred near 5 places of whetstone Dun Yan, only need dig out a water channel with excavator and can diversion go into canal and save the expense of increasing diversion dam at 5 places.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of Weir, comprise the energy dissipating piece 1 that is arranged in rows, be arranged at the husky lock 4 of row in rivers and creeks section, it is characterized in that: concrete energy dissipating piece is 1～4 row and arranges, according to water (flow) direction, the weir crest height of every row's concrete energy dissipating piece 1 progressively successively decrease to the downstream from the upstream form stepped, connect to all establishing reinforcing bar 2 in length and breadth between each concrete energy dissipating piece 1, the husky lock 4 of the row of every row's energy dissipating piece all is located at same position.

2,, it is characterized in that by the described Weir of claim 1: on to arrange energy dissipating piece to the weir crest discrepancy in elevation of row's energy dissipating piece down be 25～50cm.

3, by the described Weir of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bar diameter 25mm that connects the energy dissipating piece.

4, by the described Weir of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the front end that the head that is positioned at the upstream arranges energy dissipating piece 1 is provided with laid dry stone bank protection 6.

5, by the described Weir of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of each block concrete energy dissipating piece, pile up rectangle stone 3 or a plurality of waste tire.

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