CN108446804A - Reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms, includes the following steps：Step 1. judges the water supply pattern of key water control project；Step 2. determines that key water control project initially draws water transfer process in many ways；Step 3. search characteristics value：As Δ S ≠ 0, water supply is increased or decreased by a fixed step size, by Δ S by draw water diversion volume score be G parts, distribute to accordingly by water user, then recalculate reservoir total supply；Step 4. calculates water balance：Tune calculation is carried out by total water supply process, determines reservoir day part water level and letdown flow process, and day part parameter is made to meet constraints；Judge that power station calculates last water level ZcWhether scheduling end of term water level control value Z is equal togIf unequal, step 5 is gone to；Otherwise step 6 is gone to；Step 5. corrects last water level until Zc=Zg；Step 6. according to fixed by water user, is solved, and using the globally optimal solution of SEM algorithms as respectively being drawn water transfer process result by water user according to water diversion volume is drawn than requiring using SEM algorithms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water sources to distribute rationally and key water control project Optimized Operation field, and in particular to the water based on SEM algorithms
Library water supply dispatching method.
Background technology
Distruting water transregionally is matched by water resource spatial and temporal distributions characteristic between change basin to across basin water resources again
It sets, the supply and demand water contradiction of shortage of water resources area production and living is effectively relieved, improve by water area ecological environment.However, with
Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project is frequently built, water transfer and contradiction, different zones and the inter-sectoral competition with water in basin outside basin
It will be become increasingly conspicuous with the contradiction of water.For more than half a century, domestic and international experts and scholars propose many Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project rule
It draws, the decision model and method of management operating, two major classes can be divided by being summed up：First, by various methods to complexity across stream
Domain water transfer system carries out after simplifying, and the rule of Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project are carried out using single mathematical programming model or simulation model
It draws, management operating tactics research；Second is that Large system optimization decision model and method are directly used, by first establishing various types
Big system hierarchical structure model, the method for solving being then combined again with a variety of Mathematical Plannings or analogue technique is somebody's turn to do
The planning management tactics research of class engineering.
In recent years, with the novel theoretical, method such as fuzzy mathematics, DSS and expert system, neural network
Continuous development and perfect, people start to explore these new theories, method is ground in Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project planning management decision
Study carefully the possibility of middle application.Currently, research both at home and abroad focuses mostly in analysis distruting water transregionally to the water head site downstream hydrology, ecology
Influence, less quantitative study water head site downstream controllable fators can play the role of in distruting water transregionally.
Therefore, current methods are when handling across basin water resources optimization allocations, it is difficult to give full play to watershed control
Property Reservoir Operation comprehensive benefit, and water demand in water transfer and basin can not be taken into account outside basin.
Invention content
The present invention is to carry out to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of reservoir based on SEM algorithms supplies
Water dispatching method, formulation can meet upstream and downstream water in basin, while can take into account again and draw water transfer demand in many ways.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
Step 1. judges the water supply pattern of key water control project
It becomes a mandarin according to weather report and reservoir present period upstream water level determines water conservancy pivot according to key water control project dispatching rule
The water supply pattern of knob present period；
Step 2. determines that key water control project initially draws water transfer process in many ways
It is assumed that it is G that key water control project, which draws water transfer by water number of users, according to respectively being drawn water diversion volume ratio R by water usergBy S0It is divided into G parts：
Respectively by the initial water supply of water userIn the case of determination, reservoir is with Zmax、ZminAnd Qmax、QminRespectively before dam
The upper and lower limit that water level is let out under carries out water balanced calculation according to by period water supply pattern, finally obtains G, reservoir and is used by water
Initially draw water transfer process in familyIt willIt is cumulative, the reservoir can be obtained and initially draw water transfer process in many ways
It calculates and needs what is adjusted to draw water transfer total amount Δ S：
S in formulatDraw water diversion volume, S for the t periodsmax、SminRespectively period maximum, most introductory note water diversion volume, T is schedule periods；
If calculating Δ S ≠ 0, illustrate that drawing water transfer process is unsatisfactory for respectively being constrained by water User window water requirement, goes to step
3；Otherwise step 4 is gone to；
Step 3. search characteristics value
1) as Δ S ＜ 0, by a fixed step size increase supply water, by Δ S by draw water diversion volume score be G parts：
ΔSg=RgΔS (3-1)
As follows by Δ SgIt distributes to accordingly by water user：
Searching is abandoned the water maximum period, and by Δ SgIt distributes to the period；If controlled limitation, the single period cannot
Increased water supply is dissolved completely, then remaining water supply is distributed to having adjusted and abandons the water maximum period except the period, repeated
This process is until Δ SgIt is assigned；Reservoir total supply is recalculated, step 4 is gone to；
2) as Δ S ＞ 0, reduced with a fixed step size and supplied water；According to above-mentioned formula (3-1), meeting reservoir operation constraint
Under the premise of, it traverses one by one respectively by water user, finds the maximum period reduction of water shortage and supply water, repeat this process until Δ SgPoint
With finishing；Reservoir total supply is recalculated, step 4 is gone to；
Step 4. calculates water balance
Water balance tune calculation is carried out by total water supply process, determines reservoir day part water level and letdown flow process, and is made each
Period parameters meet the constraint of water level bound, the constraint of storage outflow bound and period water level/flow luffing constraint；Then sentence
Cut off the water supply the last water level Z of power station calculatingcWhether scheduling end of term water level control value Z is equal togIf unequal, step 5 is gone to, when amendment
Section water supply is to reach last water level control requirement；Otherwise step 6 is gone to；
Step 5. end water level correction strategy
If calculating last water level Zc＞ Zg, illustrate power station water-supply shortages, water supply pattern parameter should be increased by a fixed step size,
Adjustment water supply pattern parameter is until Z repeatedlyc=Zg；If calculating last water level is less than last water level control value, illustrate power station water supply
It is excessive, water supply pattern parameter need to be reduced by a fixed step size；Then it goes to step 6 and corrects water supply process；
Step 6. calculates under different water supply patterns respectively by water user's water requirement
According to each period water supply pattern that step 1 determines, supplied with the minimum target making of reservoir water supply water deficit variance
Water dispatching method；Respective objects function representation is：
D in formulagFor g water supply water deficit variances, G is always by water number of users；For the t periods, No. g is supplied by water user
Water water deficit；Indicate No. g average water deficit by water user；No. g water resource by water user is supplied for the reservoir t periods
Amount；The water requirement for being t periods No. g by water user；Indicate No. g initial water requirement by water user；αtIt supplies water for the t periods
Mode coefficient generally takes 1, and range value is [0.7~1.3]；wgDrawn water transfer target weight coefficient, weight by water user for No. g
What coefficient not only incorporated dispatcher draws water transfer Target Preference, and weight coefficient value is as follows：
wg=Rg·αg (6-2)
α in formulagFor artificial slack variable, 1 is generally taken, also can draw water transfer mesh by the size of setting variable, artificial adjustment
Mark preference；RgTo draw water diversion volume ratio；
It is required according to water diversion volume ratio is drawn, according to fixed by water user, above-mentioned object function decision variable St gDimension
It for T × G, is solved using adaptive imitative electromagnetism algorithm (SEM algorithms), when solution need to meet following constraint：
By water User window total supply Constraints of Equilibrium：
It is single to be drawn water diversion volume than constraint by water user：
Particle initial position determines as the following formula：
The random number that λ is 0~1 in formula, FtAdaptively to imitate charge attraction parameter in electromagnetism algorithm；
In searching process draw water transfer process be possible to violate by water user draw water diversion volume than constraint, as the following formula (6-6) count
Calculation, which should respectively be adjusted by water user, draws water diversion volume, that is to say, that often carries out once drawing water transfer process optimizing (at the beginning of i.e., determining particle
Beginning position) will be checked and judged with formula (6-6), see whether violate by water user draw water diversion volume than constraint；
And in Δ SgIt is carried out in the eigenvalue search method described in step 3 to drawing water transfer process in the case of ≠ 0
It corrects；
It when reaching algorithm maximum iteration, calculates and terminates, using the globally optimal solution of SEM algorithms as respectively being used by water
Draw water transfer process result in family.
Reservoir water supply dispatching method provided by the invention based on SEM algorithms, can also have following characteristics：Wherein, exist
In step 1：If 1) reservoir present period upstream water level controls water level higher than reservoir normal water supply, illustrates that reservoir is in and increase
Water supply pattern, key water control project considers to increase at this time draws water diversion volume in many ways；2) if reservoir present period upstream water level is just less than reservoir
Often for water management water level, is limited for water management water level higher than reservoir, then illustrate that reservoir is in normal water supply pattern, at this time water conservancy
Hinge considers to meet draws water transfer demand in many ways；3) if reservoir present period upstream water level is higher than less than limitation for water management water level
Reservoir then illustrates that reservoir is in limitation water supply pattern, key water control project considers in water regulation plan at this time not for water management water level
On the basis of reduce draw water diversion volume in many ways；If forecasting, reservoir inflow is less than control flow threshold, and key water control project is in water tune at this time
Only consider that meeting downstream needs water requirement on the basis of degree plan.
Reservoir water supply dispatching method provided by the invention based on SEM algorithms, can also have following characteristics：In step 4
In, reservoir water Constraints of Equilibrium is：
Wherein Vt、It、QtRespectively reservoir capacity, reservoir inflow, the storage outflow of schedule periods reservoir t periods；StFor across
The water diversion flow of basin water diversion project；
Water level bound is constrained to：
Storage outflow bound is constrained to：
Period water level/flow luffing is constrained to：
Dispatching end of term restriction of water level is：
Zc=Zg(4-5)
In formulaRespectively power station t period water levels bound；Respectively let out under the power station t periods
Flow bound；Δ Z, Δ Q are respectively the power station period to allow maximum stage luffing and flow luffing； ZcWith ZgRespectively water power
The last water level of calculating of standing and scheduling end of term water level control value.
Reservoir water supply dispatching method provided by the invention based on SEM algorithms, can also have following characteristics：In step 5
In, according to following formula material calculation：
A and b is step-length regulation coefficient in formula, and a is suitably adjusted according to reservoir in total supply, and b is solved according to water level
Precision ε and coefficient a determine jointly, i.e. b=ε × a.Thus suitable adjusting step Δ α is found outtIt can ensure iterations more
Few, calculating speed is faster.
The effect of invention
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention can take into account while meeting upstream and downstream water demand in basin and draw water transfer demand in many ways, fill
The benefit of regulating and storing of distruting water transregionally controlling water-control project is waved in distribution；Meanwhile the water supply scheduling scheme energy that the present invention formulates
Meet the basic dispatching running way such as flood control by reservoir regulation, water storage and power generation and restrict, can be to formulate reasonably across basin tune
Water management key water control project operating scheme provides theoretical and data supporting, has certain engineering practicability；
(2) water supply dispatching method calculating speed proposed by the present invention is fast, and computational efficiency is high.In identical running environment
Run time is much smaller than conventional dynamic programming algorithm, will more carrying out extensive distruting water transregionally simulation computational valid time rate raising
It is notable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms involved in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Danjiangkou Reservoir letdown flow and water level process figure involved in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the Han River middle and lower reaches diversion procedure chart involved in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the Route water transfer process figure involved in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the clear spring ditch diversion works diversion procedure chart involved in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing to the specific embodiment party of the reservoir water supply dispatching method of the present invention based on SEM algorithms
Case is described in detail.
<Embodiment>
Here by taking Hanjiang River Route this across river basins utilizing works as an example, according to Fig. 1
The shown Danjiangkou Reservoir water supply dispatching method flow based on SEM algorithms simulated to Danjiangkou water supply Optimized Operation, with
The effect that the performance present invention reaches.
After Danjiangkou Dam Heightening Works, it is flood control, water supply (containing irrigating), power generation, shipping that reservoir, which comprehensively utilizes main task,
Deng.Since Danjiangkou Reservoir dispatching rule is not yet worked out, under the conditions of meeting Han River middle and lower reaches water demand, by Danjiang River
Saliva library water, reservoir level need water diversion volume to propose Danjiangkou Reservoir flood control and water supply scheme, by Danjiang River saliva in conjunction with intake area
Reservoir level height, carries out subregion scheduling.Danjiangkou Reservoir operating water level：Normal pool level 170m；Limit of flood-season water level summer (6
Months 21 days to August 20 days) it is 160m, autumn (September 1 to September 30 days) is 163.5m；Level of dead water 150m；The limit disappears overboard position
145m.Embodiment simulates Danjiangkou Reservoir water supply scheduling by schedule periods of ten days, obtains Route, draws red water transfer
Water process is needed with Han River middle and lower reaches, and scheduling result is compared and analyzed.
As shown in Figure 1, the Danjiangkou Reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms that the present embodiment is provided includes such as
Lower step：
Step 1：It becomes a mandarin according to weather report and Danjiangkou water level determines present period Danjiang River according to Danjiangkou dispatching rule
The water supply pattern of mouth；
Step 2：Determine that Danjiangkou always supplies than determining that multi-party water initially draws water transfer process, after superposition by drawing water diversion volume
Water process is judged whether it meets and is respectively constrained by water User window water requirement, repaiied using eigenvalue search method if being unsatisfactory for
Positive water supply；It is transferred in next step；
Step 3：Eigenvalue search, when key water control project insufficient water or it is excessive when, increase or decrease confession by a fixed step size
Water, can be by Δ SgIt it is G parts by water diversion volume score is drawn；
Step 4：" water balance " calculate water level, under let out process, judge whether last water level meets the last restriction of water level of control,
If not satisfied, going to step 5；If satisfied, then going to step 6；
Step 5：Last water level correction strategy determines that water supply pattern is joined according to last water level control value and the difference for calculating last water level
Number adjusting step, and correct water supply process using eigenvalue search method；
Step 6：It using SEM algorithms, calculates Danjiangkou Reservoir and draws water transfer process, when judging whether to meet respectively by water user
Section water requirement constraint, if not satisfied, then eigenvalue search method is used to correct water supply process；It calculates and terminates if meeting, obtain
Danjiangkou Reservoir water supply scheduling scheme result.
Result after technical solution is implemented is shown in Fig. 2 to 4.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the results show that Route, clear spring
Ditch diversion works water supply process suits with water process is needed substantially；It is significantly increased, takes full advantage of needing water peak period then to supply water
The adjusting storage capacity of Danjiangkou Reservoir.Route for many years be averaged 9,500,000,000 m of water transfer3, clear spring ditch diversion water 6.28 hundred million
m3, Danjiangkou amount of water to be discharged 266.29 disclosure satisfy that downstream base water requirements, the above results show that the present invention can take into account
The multi-party water requirements such as south water to north water transfer, the diversion of clear spring ditch and middle and lower reaches water supply are that effect is alleviated outside basin in water transfer and basin
With the contradictory effective way of water.Fig. 4 gives Danjiangkou storage outflow process and water level process, due to consideration that downstream integrates
It is required with water, is let out under all the period of time reservoir and be all higher than minimum discharging flow, meet Danjiangkou actual motion requirement.Therefore, of the invention
Obtained water supply scheduling process can meet practical reservoir operation requirement, have certain engineering practicability.
Above example is only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.It is according to the present invention to be based on SEM
The reservoir water supply dispatching method of algorithm is not merely defined in described content in the embodiment above, but is wanted with right
It asks subject to limited range.Any modification that those skilled in the art of the invention are made on the basis of the embodiment or
Supplement or equivalence replacement, all in the claim range claimed of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of reservoir water supply dispatching method based on SEM algorithms, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1. judges the water supply pattern of key water control project
It becomes a mandarin according to weather report and reservoir present period upstream water level determines that key water control project is worked as according to key water control project dispatching rule
The water supply pattern of preceding period；
Step 2. determines that key water control project initially draws water transfer process in many ways
It is assumed that it is G that key water control project, which draws water transfer by water number of users, according to respectively being drawn water diversion volume ratio R by water usergBy S0It is divided into G parts：
Respectively by the initial water supply of water userIn the case of determination, reservoir is with Zmax、ZminAnd Qmax、QminRespectively upstream water level
The upper and lower limit let out under carries out water balanced calculation according to by period water supply pattern, finally obtains G, reservoir at the beginning of by water user
Beginning draws water transfer processIt willIt is cumulative, the reservoir can be obtained and initially draw water transfer process in many ways
It calculates and needs what is adjusted to draw water transfer total amount Δ S：
S in formulatDraw water diversion volume, S for the t periodsmax、SminRespectively period maximum, most introductory note water diversion volume, T is schedule periods；
If calculating Δ S ≠ 0, illustrate that drawing water transfer process is unsatisfactory for respectively being constrained by water User window water requirement, goes to step 3；It is no
Then go to step 4；
Step 3. search characteristics value
1) as Δ S ＜ 0, by a fixed step size increase supply water, by Δ S by draw water diversion volume score be G parts：
ΔSg=RgΔS (3-1)
As follows by Δ SgIt distributes to accordingly by water user：
Searching is abandoned the water maximum period, and by Δ SgIt distributes to the period；If controlled limitation, the single period cannot will increase
Water supply dissolve completely, then remaining water supply is distributed to having adjusted and abandoning the water maximum period except the period, repeat this process
Until Δ SgIt is assigned；Reservoir total supply is recalculated, step 4 is gone to；
2) as Δ S ＞ 0, reduced with a fixed step size and supplied water；According to above-mentioned formula (3-1), before meeting reservoir operation constraint
It puts, traverses one by one respectively by water user, find the maximum period reduction of water shortage and supply water, repeat this process until Δ SgIt distributes
Finish；Reservoir total supply is recalculated, step 4 is gone to；
Step 4. calculates water balance
Water balance tune calculation is carried out by total water supply process, determines reservoir day part water level and letdown flow process, and make day part
Parameter meets the constraint of water level bound, the constraint of storage outflow bound and period water level/flow luffing constraint；Then judge water
Power station calculates last water level ZcWhether scheduling end of term water level control value Z is equal togIf unequal, step 5 is gone to；Otherwise step is gone to
6；
Step 5. end water level correction strategy
If calculating last water level Zc＞ Zg, illustrate power station water-supply shortages, water supply pattern parameter should be increased by a fixed step size, repeatedly
Water supply pattern parameter is adjusted until Zc=Zg；If calculating last water level is less than last water level control value, illustrate that power station water supply is excessive,
Water supply pattern parameter need to be reduced by a fixed step size；Then it goes to step 6 and corrects water supply process；
Step 6. calculates under different water supply patterns respectively by water user's water requirement
According to each period water supply pattern that step 1 determines, is supplied water and adjusted with the minimum target making of reservoir water supply water deficit variance
Degree method；Respective objects function representation is：
D in formulagFor g water supply water deficit variances, G is always by water number of users；The water supply for being t periods No. g by water user lacks
Water；Indicate No. g average water deficit by water user；No. g water resources quantity by water user is supplied for the reservoir t periods；Wt g
The water requirement for being t periods No. g by water user；Indicate No. g initial water requirement by water user；αtFor t period water supply patterns system
Number；wgDrawn water transfer target weight coefficient by water user for No. g；Weight coefficient value is as follows：
wg=Rg·αg (6-2)
α in formulagFor artificial slack variable；RgTo draw water diversion volume ratio；
It is required according to water diversion volume ratio is drawn, according to fixed by water user, above-mentioned object function decision variable St gDimension be T ×
G is solved using SEM algorithms, and when solution need to meet following constraint：
By water User window total supply Constraints of Equilibrium：
It is single to be drawn water diversion volume than constraint by water user：
Particle initial position determines as the following formula：
The random number that λ is 0~1 in formula, FtAdaptively to imitate charge attraction parameter in electromagnetism algorithm；
The water transfer process that draws in searching process is possible to violate and is drawn water diversion volume than constraint by water user, and (6-6) is calculated each as the following formula
It should be adjusted by water user and draw water diversion volume, and be modified in the eigenvalue search method described in step 3 to drawing water transfer process；
It when reaching algorithm maximum iteration, calculates and terminates, using the globally optimal solution of SEM algorithms as respectively being drawn tune by water user
Water processes result.
2. the reservoir water supply dispatching method according to claim 1 based on SEM algorithms, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, in the step 1：
If 1) reservoir present period upstream water level controls water level higher than reservoir normal water supply, illustrates that reservoir is in and increase water supply mould
Formula, key water control project considers to increase at this time draws water diversion volume in many ways；
If 2) reservoir present period upstream water level controls water level less than reservoir normal water supply, limited for water management water higher than reservoir
Position, then illustrate that reservoir is in normal water supply pattern, and key water control project considers to meet at this time draws water transfer demand in many ways；
3) if reservoir present period upstream water level is then said for water management water level higher than reservoir not for water management water level less than limitation
Bright reservoir is in limitation water supply pattern, and key water control project considers to reduce on the basis of water regulation plan at this time draws water transfer in many ways
Amount；If forecasting, reservoir inflow is less than control flow threshold, and key water control project only considers full on the basis of water regulation plan at this time
Foot trip needs water requirement.
3. the reservoir water supply dispatching method according to claim 1 based on SEM algorithms, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, in the step 4, reservoir water Constraints of Equilibrium is：
Wherein Vt、It、QtRespectively reservoir capacity, reservoir inflow, the storage outflow of schedule periods reservoir t periods；StFor across basin tune
The water diversion flow of Hydraulic Projects；
Water level bound is constrained to：
Storage outflow bound is constrained to：
Period water level/flow luffing is constrained to：
Dispatching end of term restriction of water level is：
Zc=Zg (4-5)
In formulaRespectively power station t period water levels bound；Respectively on power station t period letdown flows
Lower limit；Δ Z, Δ Q are respectively the power station period to allow maximum stage luffing and flow luffing；ZcWith ZgRespectively power station calculates
Last water level and scheduling end of term water level control value.
4. the reservoir water supply dispatching method according to claim 1 based on SEM algorithms, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, in the step 5, according to following formula material calculation：
A and b is step-length regulation coefficient in formula, and b=ε × a, ε are water level solving precision.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN111353649A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-30 | 大连理工大学 | KL expansion-based large-scale hydropower station group optimal scheduling dimension reduction method |
| CN112365126A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Large-scale water diversion and regulation project scheduling method applied to reservoir containing online storage and regulation |
| CN117910711A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Construction method of flood period water level intelligent dynamic control model for balancing risks and benefits |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111353649A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-30 | 大连理工大学 | KL expansion-based large-scale hydropower station group optimal scheduling dimension reduction method |
| CN111353649B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2022-03-29 | 大连理工大学 | KL expansion-based large-scale hydropower station group optimal scheduling dimension reduction method |
| CN112365126A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Large-scale water diversion and regulation project scheduling method applied to reservoir containing online storage and regulation |
| CN112365126B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-06-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Large-scale water diversion and regulation project scheduling method applied to reservoir containing online storage and regulation |
| CN117910711A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-04-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Construction method of flood period water level intelligent dynamic control model for balancing risks and benefits |
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