CN108441888A

CN108441888A - A kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive

Info

Publication number: CN108441888A
Application number: CN201810460439.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐鹏翀; 钟晓聪
Original assignee: Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-05-15
Filing date: 2018-05-15
Publication date: 2018-08-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additives, the compound additive group becomes chloride, sulphite and lignosulfonates, after being added to tin electrorefining electrolyte, 1 20 g/L of chloride concentration, 1 10 g/L of sulfite concentration, 2 10 g/L of lignin sulfonic acid salinity in electrolyte.The toluene phenol sulfonic acid of 20 ~ 40 g/L is generally added in traditional tin electrorefining electrolyte to inhibit Sn in electrolyte²⁺Oxidation, improve and electrolyte stability and improve cathode tin pattern.However cresol sulfonic acid smell is big, poisonous and harmful, deterioration potroom operating environment.Based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of green, efficient tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive.The compound additive has the advantages that safe and non-toxic, at low cost, the raising smooth consistency of cathode tin, is easily promoted and applied in tin electrorefining industry.

Description

A kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive

Technical field

The invention belongs to non-ferrous metallurgy fields, are related to a kind of tin electrorefining electrolysis additive.

Background technology

Pyro-refining is compared, tin electrorefining has the advantages that work flow is short, cathode tin purity is high, is suitable for processing impurity The higher thick tin of content.In tin electrorefining processes, electrolyte composition is generally 20 ~ 40 g/L Sn²⁺、80~120 g/L H₂SO₄, 20 ~ 40 g/L cresol sulfonic acids, latex, betanaphthol etc..Due to Sn²⁺Sediment dynamics are fast, and cathode tin is easily in that dendritic crystalline is given birth to It is long, lead to that cathode tin burr is more, planarization is poor, is unfavorable for electrolysis operation.Cresol sulfonic acid has the work for making the smooth densification of cathode tin With tin electrolytic industry continues to use always cresol sulfonic acid.However, cresol sulfonic acid smell weight, poisonous and harmful, severe exacerbation operating environment. Seek a kind of novel tin electrorefining electrolysis additive to be of great significance to substitute cresol sulfonic acid.

Pertinent literature is reported and previous experiments are research shows that cresol sulfonic acid improves the mechanism of action master of tin cathode run Will there are three types of, first, phenolic hydroxyl group in cresol sulfonic acid molecule has reproducibility, inhibit Sn in electrolyte²⁺It is oxidized to Sn⁴⁺, in turn Reduce Sn (OH)₄The generation of colloid slows down Sn (OH)₄Colloid adheres in cathode and deteriorates cathode pattern；Second is that cresol sulfonic acid molecule In sulfonic group be adsorbed on cathode surface, block Sn²⁺Fast deposition, make the smooth densification of cathode tin；Third, cresol sulfonic acid has Complexing, with Sn²⁺Complex ion is formed, complex ion must be dissociated before complex ion deposition, sediment dynamics are slow, favorably In formation compacted cathode tin.The mechanism of action for improving tin cathode run according to cresol sulfonic acid proposes a kind of novel tin electrolysis Electrolyte compound additive is refined, group is as 1 ~ 20 g/L chlorides, 1 ~ 10 g/L sulphite, 2 ~ 10 g/L lignin sulfonic acids Salt.Wherein, the Cl that chloride provides^-It can be as the complex ion of Sn (II)；The SO that sulphite provides₃ ^2-As reducing agent It can inhibit Sn²⁺Oxidation；Sulfonic group in lignosulfonates can play the role of blocking cathode tin deposition.Chloride, Sulphite and the compound addition of lignosulfonates, the phase of cathode tin densification flatness and addition cresol sulfonic acid electrolyte system When.In addition, the compound additive each component is cheap, safe and non-toxic, potroom smell can be greatly reduced, improve operation Environment.The compound additive has larger industrial application value, is easily promoted in tin electrolytic industry.

Invention content

, pollution workshop labourer heavy, poisonous and harmful for the cresol sulfonic acid smell that is added in traditional tin electrorefining electrolyte The problem of environment, the present invention propose a kind of environmentally friendly, efficient tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive.

A kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive of the present invention, consisting of chloride, sulphite and Lignosulfonates, after being added to tin electrorefining electrolyte, chloride concentration 1-20 g/L, sulfite concentration in electrolyte 1-10 g/L, lignin sulfonic acid salinity 2-10 g/L.

Further, the chloride can be selected from HCl, NaCl, SnCl₂, one or more of KCl, preferably HCl.

Further, the sulphite is selected from Na₂SO₃、K₂SO₃One or both of, preferably Na₂SO₃。

Further, the lignosulfonates are selected from one or both of sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, Preferably sodium lignin sulfonate.

A kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive proposed by the present invention substitutes cresol sulfonic acid, can improve operation ring Border reduces cost, while maintaining the smooth densification of cathode tin, and there is important commercial introduction to be worth.

Specific implementation mode

Present disclosure is described in detail with the following Examples.

[comparative example 1]

Tin electrorefining electrolyte group becomes：95 g/L H2SO4,30 g/LSn2+ (are incorporated) with SnSO4,20 g/L toluene Phenol sulfonic acid, 2 g/L betanaphthols, 5 g/L latexes；Electrolyte temperature is 35 DEG C；100 A/m2 of current density；Potroom is natural Ventilation.After electrolysis 18 days, there is apparent phenols smell in workshop, and labourer's environment is poor, the smooth densification of cathode tin of output.

[comparative example 2]

Tin electrorefining electrolyte group becomes：95 g/L H2SO4,30 g/LSn2+ (are incorporated) with SnSO4,5 g/L cresols Sulfonic acid, 2 g/L betanaphthols, 5 g/L latexes；Electrolyte temperature is 35 DEG C；100 A/m2 of current density；Potroom is naturally logical Wind.After electrolysis 18 days, workshop has phenols smell, labourer's environment to make moderate progress compared with comparative example 1, the smooth cause of cathode tin of output Density is slightly below comparative example 1.

[embodiment 1]

Tin electrorefining electrolyte group becomes：95 g/L H2SO4,30 g/LSn2+ (are incorporated) with SnSO4,5 g/L HCl, and 5 G/L Na2SO3,5g/L sodium lignin sulfonates, 2 g/L betanaphthols, 5 g/L latexes；Electrolyte temperature is 35 DEG C；Electric current is close Spend 100 A/m2；Potroom gravity-flow ventilation.After electrolysis 18 days, without apparent smell, labourer's environment is good in workshop, the cathode tin of output Smooth consistency is slightly below comparative example 2.

[embodiment 2]

Tin electrorefining electrolyte group becomes：95 g/L H2SO4,30 g/LSn2+ (are incorporated) with SnSO4,15 g/L HCl, and 5 G/L Na2SO3,5g/L sodium lignin sulfonates, 2 g/L betanaphthols, 5 g/L latexes；Electrolyte temperature is 35 DEG C；Electric current is close Spend 100 A/m2；Potroom gravity-flow ventilation.After electrolysis 18 days, without apparent smell, labourer's environment is good in workshop, the cathode tin of output Smooth consistency is suitable with comparative example 2.

[embodiment 3]

Tin electrorefining electrolyte group becomes：95 g/L H2SO4,30 g/LSn2+ (are incorporated) with SnSO4,15 g/L HCl, and 5 G/L Na2SO3,10g/L sodium lignin sulfonates, 2 g/L betanaphthols, 5 g/L latexes；Electrolyte temperature is 35 DEG C；Electric current is close Spend 100 A/m2；Potroom gravity-flow ventilation.After electrolysis 18 days, without apparent smell, labourer's environment is good in workshop, the cathode tin of output Smooth consistency is suitable with comparative example 1.

Claims

1. a kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive, which is characterized in that compound additive group becomes chloride, sulfurous acid Salt and lignosulfonates, after being added to tin electrorefining electrolyte, chloride concentration 1-20 g/L, sulfurous acid in electrolyte Salinity 1-10 g/L, lignin sulfonic acid salinity 2-10 g/L.

2. a kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the chloride It can be selected from HCl, NaCl, SnCl₂, one or more of KCl, preferably HCl.

3. a kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sulfurous acid Salt is selected from Na₂SO₃、K₂SO₃One or both of, preferably Na₂SO₃。

4. a kind of tin electrorefining electrolyte compound additive according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lignin Sulfonate is selected from one or both of sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, preferably sodium lignin sulfonate.