CN108441750A - A kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108441750A CN108441750A CN201810201188.4A CN201810201188A CN108441750A CN 108441750 A CN108441750 A CN 108441750A CN 201810201188 A CN201810201188 A CN 201810201188A CN 108441750 A CN108441750 A CN 108441750A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, element group becomes：C：3.2~3.6wt%；Si：3.2~3.6wt%；Mn≤0.25wt%；P≤0.035wt%；S：0.005~0.015wt%；Mg：0.03~0.06wt%；Re≤0.35wt%；Sb：0.001~0.01wt%；Remaining is the impurity brought into Fe and preparation process；In terms of mechanical property, tensile strength Rm >=450MPa of the attached casting test blocks of 70 × 70 × 150mm of the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, yield strength Rp0.2 >=360MPa, elongation A >=16%, 20 DEG C of non-notch ballistic works, three single values are more than 7J, and average value is more than 9J.The invention also discloses the methods for preparing the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron.In the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present invention, except conventional five big elemental carbons, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur content are optimized, Si amounts is especially adjusted, also trace element is limited；Ensure casting have higher tensile strength simultaneously again can have higher yield strength and elongation percentage and meet 20 DEG C impact requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cast iron materials technical field, more particularly to a kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Wind power equipment is higher to the performance requirement of casting material since operating condition is severe.In recent years with wind-powered electricity generation industry
Development, China increasingly payes attention to the research of spheroidal graphite cast-iron, but to suitable for wind power equipment new material spheroidal graphite cast-iron research
Less, western developed country has formulated associated row to having certain research suitable for wind power equipment new material spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Industry standard, but there are no systems about new material spheroidal graphite cast-iron standard at home.This constrains green wood to a certain extent
Expect the extensive use of spheroidal graphite cast-iron, therefore there is certain practical significance to the research of new material spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
With the development of wind power technology, the lightweight of equipment, energy-efficient demand, intensity to wind-power spherulitic graphite cast iron and
The cast properties such as performance require continuous improve；As power of fan incrementally increases, casting weight, wall thickness are all gradually increasing
Greatly, but casting cannot be unlimited increase, wall thickness cannot be unlimited thickening.In order to meet the above demand, exploitation is needed to be suitable for wind
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron new material of electroforming part, improves the performance of wind power casting, mitigates the weight of wind turbine, plays energy-saving and emission-reduction, saves
The effects that cost.
Currently, national standard《GB/T1348-2009 nodular iron castings》In, with the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of attached casting test block detection performance
500 trades mark have QT500-7A and QT500-10A (appendix A content)；American-European standard《DIN EN 1563-2012 casting spheroidal graphite castings
Iron》In, there are EN-GJS-500-7 and EN-GJS-500-14 with attached casting test block detection performance.Specific performance see the table below 1：
Table 1
QT500-7A and EN-GJS-500-7 is all ferrite-pearlite spheroidal graphite cast-iron, is extended while having high intensity
Rate is very low, and content of pearlite in alloy is higher leads to poor processability；QT500-10A and EN-GJS-500-14 is all solution strengthening
Ferrite ductile cast iron is a kind of novel ductile cast iron material.Above-mentioned material, in each standard there is no clearly propose low temperature (-
20 DEG C) normal of impact, and EN-GJS-500-14 is more than 60 (mm) casting for wall thickness, without standard value.Application number
The domestic patent of CN201310731620, publication number CN103757517 be " a kind of cast ferrite base spheroidal graphite cast-iron QT500-14's
In production method ", low temperature (- 20 DEG C) impact property situation is not referred to yet.
Wind power casting often works at low ambient temperatures, and brittle fracture is also easy to produce in work, compared with common nodular iron casting,
The production of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of wind power casting its Composition Control, smelting technology, spheroidising and inoculation process etc. tool
There is its unique and complexity, the performance requirement of casting could be met.The tensile strength of spheroidal graphite cast-iron is mutually to make with ballistic work
Relationship about, therefore for new material EN-GJS-500-14 spheroidal graphite cast-iron in tensile strength >=450MPa, and meet -20
The requirement of DEG C low-temperature impact work, is a kind of test to new material.
Invention content
Therefore, in order to meet higher-strength, higher power wind-driven generator casting material demand, the purpose of the present invention
It is to provide a kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which not only has higher intensity and elongation with spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Rate, and there is excellent low temperature (- 20 DEG C) impact property.
The element group of the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present invention becomes：C：3.2~3.6wt%；Si：3.2~
3.6wt%；Mn≤0.25wt%；P≤0.035wt%；S：0.005~0.015wt%；Mg：0.03~0.06wt%；Re≤
0.35wt%；Sb：0.001~0.01wt%；Remaining is the impurity brought into Fe and preparation process；Wherein wt% indicates quality hundred
Score, similarly hereinafter.In terms of mechanical property, the tension of the attached casting test blocks of 70 × 70 × 150mm of the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron is strong
Spend Rm >=450MPa, yield strength Rp0.2 >=360MPa, elongation A >=16%, three single values of -20 DEG C of non-notch ballistic works
More than 7J, average value is more than 9J.
Preferably, Sb contents are 0.002~0.005wt%.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method preparing the wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, feature exists
In,
(a) material includes：
Furnace charge：30~50wt% of the pig iron, 30~50wt% of foundry returns, 10~20wt% of steel scrap.Preferably, Si in the pig iron≤
1.0wt%, Mn≤0.2wt%, P≤0.05wt%, S≤0.035wt%, harmful alloying elements≤0.025wt%.Preferably,
Steel scrap selects sheet carbon steel scrap, and C≤0.20wt%, Si≤0.5wt%, Mn≤0.5wt%, P in steel scrap≤
0.035wt%, S≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.10wt%.Preferably, foundry returns is ferrite ductile cast iron foundry returns.
Nodulizer：It includes 5.0~7.0wt%Mg, 0.10~0.50wt% to select rare earth silicon and magnesium nodulizer, main component
The iron of RE, 40~50wt%Si and surplus；Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, nodulizer dosage is 0.9~1.2wt%.
Inovulant：Including coverture, an inovulant and random inoculant, coverture and an inovulant select Si-Ca-Ba
Inovulant, main component include the iron of 40~60wt%Si, 1.5~2.5wt%Ba, 0.2~1.0wt%Ca and surplus；With
It flows inovulant and selects sulphur oxygen inovulant, main component includes the iron of 65~80wt%Si, 0.5~1.5wt%Ca and surplus；It presses
Pouring molten iron weight percent meter, coverture dosage are 0.3~0.5wt%, and an inovulant dosage is 0.4~0.8wt%；With
Stream inovulant dosage is 0.10~0.20wt%.
Alloy Sb：Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, alloy Sb usage amounts are 0.001~0.01wt%.
(b) preparation process is as follows：
Furnace charge is placed in melting in electric furnace, adjustment furnace charge control molten iron element composition；In advance nodularization is placed in casting ladle bottom
Agent, coverture and alloy Sb；Molten iron in electric furnace is poured into casting ladle, while an inovulant is added, nodularization and primary occurs for molten iron
Breed reaction；Then, molten iron in casting ladle is poured into casting mold, random inoculant is added in casting process；After cast, in sand mold
In slowly cool to 400 DEG C hereinafter, clearing out casting from casting mold.
Preferably, in preparation process, temperature is 1400~1450 DEG C when molten iron pours into casting ladle in electric furnace.
Preferably, in preparation process, temperature is 1330~1350 DEG C when molten iron pours into casting mold in casting ladle.
The present invention be meet higher-strength, higher power wind-driven generator casting performance requirement, to wind power equipment
Considered with the chemical composition of spheroidal graphite cast-iron proportioning and preparation process.Key point is：
(1) chemical Composition Control：The present invention optimizes conventional five big elemental carbons, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur content, especially
Adjust Si amounts, Si be it is solid hold intensified element, it is excessively high to influence elongation and impact, it is too low, intensity requirement cannot be met, integrated
Consider Si controls in 3.2%~3.6wt%.Trace element is limited simultaneously, has made and has been suitable for wind-power spherulitic graphite cast iron part green wood
Material at sectional specification.In addition appropriate alloy Sb is added in fusion process, alloy Sb can inhibit chunky graphite to generate, and improve the heart
Nodularization situation in portion's increases graphite nodule number, to improve casting as-cast characteristic.
(2) preparation process：Suitable nodulizer, inovulant ingredient, optimization nodularization, inoculated technology can meet wind-powered electricity generation casting
The technology requirement of part ductile cast iron material EN-GJS-500-14, and can guarantee the stability of castings production and performance.It formulates and is applicable in
In the nodulizer of wind power casting new material, the ingredient of inovulant and treatment process, obtained casting metallographic structure is good, no fragment
The abnormal graphites such as shape, spike occur, and comprehensive mechanical property is good.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The wind power equipment of the present invention is in spheroidal graphite cast-iron preparation process, on the one hand, except to conventional five big elemental carbons, silicon, manganese,
Phosphorus, sulfur content are optimized, and especially adjust Si amounts, are also limited to trace element；On the other hand suitable ball is selected
Agent and inovulant ingredient, optimization spheriodization process thereof and inoculated technology etc., the casting for the preparation being not only can meet EN-GJS-
The performance requirement of 500-14 spheroidal graphite cast-iron wind power casting new materials is also avoided that the defects of generating shrinkage cavity and porosity, ensures casting life
The stability of production, the consistency of properties of product.
The ingredient and treatment process of the nodulizer, inovulant formulated through the invention, are produced using solution strengthening principle
Casting metallographic structure it is good, no chunky graphite and spike graphite etc. others abnormal graphites occur, graphite nodule rounding, graphite
Ball number is more, and comprehensive mechanical property is good.The casting hardness is evenly distributed, and has preferable machinability, extends the cutter longevity
Life reduces machining cost.And simultaneously again can with higher yield strength and elongation percentage with higher tensile strength
And meet -20 DEG C of impacts and require, meet requirement of the wind power casting high power development to material, has benefited from the raising of its mechanical property
Wall thickness can accordingly be reduced, to mitigate casting weight, save production cost.
In addition, the molten iron Si contents due to this material are high, can suitably relax in chemical composition stabilizing pearlite element and
The content of carbide former reduces production cost to which steel scrap dosage can be improved.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.It should be understood that following embodiment is merely to illustrate this
Invention is not for restriction the scope of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 5
Examples 1 to 3 using step bar as model, by example of certain wind power principal axis casting pour into a mould by embodiment 4~5.Implement
1~5 material therefor of example and preparation process are as follows.
(a) material
Furnace charge：30~50wt% of the pig iron, 30~50wt% of foundry returns, 10~20wt% of steel scrap；Wherein, the pig iron selects low silicon
The class pig iron (Si≤1.0wt%, Mn≤0.2wt%, P≤0.05wt%, S≤0.035wt%, harmful alloying elements≤
0.025wt%), steel scrap select sheet carbon steel scrap (C≤0.20wt%, Si≤0.5wt%, Mn≤0.5wt%, P≤
0.035wt%, S≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.10wt%), foundry returns refers to ferrite ductile cast iron foundry returns.
Nodulizer：It includes 5.0~7.0wt%Mg, 0.10~0.50wt% to select rare earth silicon and magnesium nodulizer, main component
The iron of RE, 40~50wt%Si and surplus；Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, nodulizer dosage is 0.9~1.2wt%.
Inovulant：Including coverture, an inovulant and random inoculant, coverture and an inovulant select Si-Ca-Ba
Inovulant, main component include the iron of 40~60wt%Si, 1.5~2.5wt%Ba, 0.2~1.0wt%Ca and surplus；With
It flows inovulant and selects sulphur oxygen inovulant, main component includes the iron of 65~80wt%Si, 0.5~1.5wt%Ca and surplus；It presses
Pouring molten iron weight percent meter, coverture dosage are 0.3~0.5wt%, and an inovulant dosage is 0.4~0.8wt%；With
Stream inovulant dosage is 0.10~0.20wt%.
Alloy Sb：Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, alloy Sb usage amounts are 0.001~0.01wt%.
(b) preparation process
Furnace charge is placed in melting in electric furnace, adjustment furnace charge control molten iron element composition；In advance nodularization is placed in casting ladle bottom
Agent, coverture and alloy Sb；When temperature control is 1400~1450 DEG C, molten iron in electric furnace is poured into casting ladle, while being added primary
Inovulant, molten iron occur nodularization and once breed reaction；Then, it when casting ladle molten iron temperature reaches 1330~1350 DEG C, pours into
Random inoculant is added in casting process in casting mold；After cast, 400 DEG C are slowly cooled in sand mold hereinafter, from casting mold
Clear out casting.
Key element percentage composition in Examples 1 to 3 is as shown in table 2, attached casting test block (70 × 70 × 150mm) and rank
The testing result of the mechanical property of terraced test block ontology (150 × 150 × 150+200 × 200 × 200+300 × 300 × 300mm) is such as
Shown in table 3 and table 4.
The key element percentage composition of 2 Examples 1 to 3 of table
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mg | Sb | |
| Example 1 | 3.55 | 3.25 | 0.18 | 0.020 | 0.008 | 0.047 | 0.0032 |
| Example 2 | 3.49 | 3.45 | 0.14 | 0.019 | 0.006 | 0.043 | 0.0029 |
| Example 3 | 3.32 | 3.52 | 0.15 | 0.020 | 0.010 | 0.052 | 0.0043 |
The attached casting test block mechanical property of 3 Examples 1 to 3 of table
4 Examples 1 to 3 step bar ontology mechanical property of table
In embodiment 4~5, key element percentage composition is as shown in table 5, spray weight 8.5T, wall thickness 170~250
(mm), it is attached casting test block (70 × 70 × 150mm) and casting ontology mechanical property testing result as shown in table 6 and table 7.
The key element percentage composition of 5 embodiment 4~5 of table
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mg | Sb | |
| Embodiment 4 | 3.53 | 3.22 | 0.13 | 0.027 | 0.010 | 0.035 | 0.0033 |
| Embodiment 5 | 3.26 | 3.57 | 0.16 | 0.035 | 0.009 | 0.034 | 0.0041 |
6 embodiment of table, 4~5 attached casting test block mechanical property
7 embodiment of table, 4~5 main shaft body mechanical property
By table 3,4,6 and 7 it is found that the step bar of the various embodiments described above or the excellent in mechanical performance of wind power principal axis casting,
Tensile strength and elongation are substantially better than American-European standard《DIN EN 1563-2012 cast spheroidal graphite cast-iron》Middle EN-GJS-500-14
It is required that the yield strength of big wall thickness casting can also meet the requirement.In terms of ballistic work：Under -20 DEG C of low temperature (Ak), three sample lists
A value >=9J, average value >=9.7J.
The present invention has the following advantages：
(1) wind power equipment of the present invention spheroidal graphite cast-iron not only has higher tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage, and
And there is excellent low temperature (- 20 DEG C) impact property, meet requirement of the high-power wind turbine casting development to material, accordingly makes casting
Loss of weight is thinned, saves production cost.
(2) wind power equipment of the present invention is with the spheroidal graphite cast-iron that spheroidal graphite cast-iron is solution strengthening pure ferrite matrix, casting hardness
It is evenly distributed, there is preferable machinability, cutter life can be extended, reduce machining cost.
(3) Si contents are high in material, and the constituent content that stabilizing pearlite and carbide are formed in ingredient can suitably relax, after
And steel scrap dosage is improved, reduce production cost.
New material EN-GJS-500-14 spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present invention is succeeded in developing, and batch of wind power equipment key components and parts can be made
Amount production is possibly realized.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, which is characterized in that its element group becomes：C：3.2~3.6wt%；Si：3.2~
3.6wt%；Mn≤0.25wt%；P≤0.035wt%；S：0.005~0.015wt%；Mg：0.03~0.06wt%；Re≤
0.35wt%；Sb：0.001~0.01wt%；Remaining is the impurity brought into Fe and preparation process；It is described in terms of mechanical property
Tensile strength Rm >=450MPa of the attached casting test blocks of 70 × 70 × 150mm of wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron, yield strength Rp0.2 >=
360MPa, elongation A >=16%, three single values of -20 DEG C of non-notch ballistic works are more than 7J, and average value is more than 9J.
2. wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Sb contents be 0.002~
0.005wt%.
3. a kind of method preparing wind power equipment spheroidal graphite cast-iron as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
(a) material includes：
Furnace charge：30~50wt% of the pig iron, 30~50wt% of foundry returns, 10~20wt% of steel scrap；
Nodulizer：It includes 5.0~7.0wt%Mg, 0.10~0.50wt%RE, 40 to select rare earth silicon and magnesium nodulizer, main component
The iron of~50wt%Si and surplus；Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, nodulizer dosage is 0.9~1.2wt%；
Inovulant：Including coverture, an inovulant and random inoculant, coverture and an inovulant select Si-Ca-Ba to breed
Agent, main component include the iron of 40~60wt%Si, 1.5~2.5wt%Ba, 0.2~1.0wt%Ca and surplus；It is pregnant with flowing
It educates agent and selects sulphur oxygen inovulant, main component includes the iron of 65~80wt%Si, 0.5~1.5wt%Ca and surplus；By cast
Weight of molten iron percentages, coverture dosage are 0.3~0.5wt%, and an inovulant dosage is 0.4~0.8wt%；It is pregnant with flowing
It is 0.10~0.20wt% to educate agent dosage；
Alloy Sb：Based on pouring molten iron weight percent, alloy Sb usage amounts are 0.001~0.01wt%；
(b) preparation process is as follows：
Furnace charge is placed in melting in electric furnace, adjustment furnace charge control molten iron element composition；In advance casting ladle bottom place nodulizer, cover
Lid agent and alloy Sb；Molten iron in electric furnace is poured into casting ladle, while an inovulant is added, molten iron occurs nodularization and once breeds anti-
It answers；Then, molten iron in casting ladle is poured into casting mold, random inoculant is added in casting process；After cast, in sand mold slowly
400 DEG C are cooled to hereinafter, clearing out casting from casting mold.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the pig iron selects the low silicon class pig iron, Si≤1.0wt% in the pig iron,
Mn≤0.2wt%, P≤0.05wt%, S≤0.035wt%, harmful alloying elements≤0.025wt%.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that steel scrap selects sheet carbon steel scrap, C in steel scrap≤
0.20wt%, Si≤0.5wt%, Mn≤0.5wt%, P≤0.035wt%, S≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.10wt%.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that foundry returns is ferrite ductile cast iron foundry returns.
7. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in preparation process, temperature is when molten iron pours into casting ladle in electric furnace
1400~1450 DEG C.
8. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in preparation process, temperature is when molten iron pours into casting mold in casting ladle
1330~1350 DEG C.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109402491A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-01 | 宁波日星铸业有限公司 | The control method of thick and large section solution strengthening ferrite ductile cast iron increase number of graphite ball |
| CN110983171A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 十堰市泰祥实业股份有限公司 | Method for producing as-cast high-strength all-ferrite nodular cast iron differential case by sand-lined iron mold |
| CN111041339A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏吉鑫风能科技股份有限公司 | High-silicon ferrite nodular cast iron material with high fatigue performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN112359269A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-12 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Nodular cast iron material for fan, preparation method and application of nodular cast iron for fan |
| CN112853025A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏吉鑫风能科技股份有限公司 | Casting process of nodular iron casting for wind power |
| CN113106326A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 宁波明凌科技有限公司 | Nodular cast iron for nail-free graphite of wind power equipment and preparation method thereof |
| CN114457279A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-10 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | Production method for producing wind power hub by using all-steel scrap |
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