CN108441000B - Black carbon preparation device and preparation method - Google Patents
Black carbon preparation device and preparation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108441000B CN108441000B CN201810201081.XA CN201810201081A CN108441000B CN 108441000 B CN108441000 B CN 108441000B CN 201810201081 A CN201810201081 A CN 201810201081A CN 108441000 B CN108441000 B CN 108441000B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- black carbon
- temperature
- fuel combustion
- combustion device
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000009087 Crescentia cujete Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005983 Crescentia cujete Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009797 Lagenaria vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A black carbon preparation device and a preparation method belong to the field of black carbon preparation by combustion of solid-liquid dual-purpose fuel for indoor research, and the black carbon preparation device comprises a fuel combustion device, a purification system, a tail gas treatment device and an electric control automation system; the fuel combustion device comprises a liquid fuel combustion device and a solid fuel combustion device, and the liquid fuel combustion device is connected with the solid fuel combustion device through a temperature-resistant heat-preservation pipe. The electric control automatic system is connected with a flue gas concentration sensor, a black carbon concentration measuring instrument and an induced draft fan through a control circuit formed by connecting a lead, and realizes the monitoring of the whole system through centralized feedback and centralized control. The invention is used in the field of black carbon research, is suitable for research occasions where solid and liquid fuels are frequently switched, has controllable conditions, and can well realize the combustion of the solid and liquid fuels to obtain purified black carbon samples. The invention adopts a programmable automatic feedback system to control the experimental conditions, and integrates and automates the generation of black carbon and the subsequent purification operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a black carbon preparation and purification device, in particular to a device for preparing black carbon by burning solid-liquid dual-purpose fuel for indoor research.
Background
It is generally considered that the black carbon aerosol is fine particulate matter generated by incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials such as fossil fuel and biomass, has a particle size of 0.01 μm to 1 μm, and is an important component of PM2.5 in the atmosphere.
The black carbon has large discharge amount in China, can cause visibility reduction, promotes the formation of dust-haze weather, adsorbs organic matters, heavy metals, secondary pollutants and the like in the atmospheric conveying process to influence the atmospheric composition and atmospheric chemical process, and simultaneously, pollutants adsorbed on the black carbon or the surfaces of the black carbon can cause the occurrence of respiratory systems, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, thereby bringing adverse effects on the health of human bodies.
At present, research on black carbon mainly comes from outdoor sampling research, research reports on black carbon obtained by combusting various fuels in a laboratory are few, most of existing black carbon preparation methods are troublesome to operate or the method for obtaining the black carbon is disconnected from reality, the source of the black carbon is single, and the research and analysis on the black carbon generated by combusting the fuels in different states, especially common fuels in daily life, are greatly limited. In addition, few research means are reported about obtaining fresh black carbon by purifying the black carbon immediately after being prepared by combustion in a laboratory, and the research requirements of researchers cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better research the physicochemical properties of black carbon from different sources and the technology for obtaining the purer black carbon, and to simulate the preparation of black carbon from different fuels in nature in a laboratory, the required black carbon particles are generated by purifying the black carbon particles, thereby laying a foundation for the development of the conversion process and toxicological research of the black carbon particles in the atmosphere.
The invention provides a black carbon preparation device and a preparation method, which are used for researching the generation of black carbon from different sources indoors, particularly in a laboratory and obtaining purified black carbon.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a black carbon preparation device comprises a fuel combustion device, a purification system, a tail gas treatment device and an electric control automation system; the fuel combustion device comprises a liquid fuel combustion device and a solid fuel combustion device, and the liquid fuel combustion device is connected with the solid fuel combustion device through a temperature-resistant heat-preservation pipe; the liquid fuel combustion device consists of a fuel oil engine and a high-temperature-resistant fireproof partition plate arranged outside the fuel oil engine; the solid fuel combustion device consists of a tubular resistance furnace and a temperature controller arranged at the top; the purification system comprises a cyclone dust collector, a coarse grain filter, a purification pipe and a gas storage box, wherein the cyclone dust collector is connected with the coarse grain filter and is provided with an ash bucket, the coarse grain filter is connected with the purification pipe, the purification pipe is connected with the gas storage box, and the gas storage box is connected with the purification pipe; a temperature sensor is arranged in the gas storage box, a direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument with a liquid crystal screen is arranged on the gas storage box, and a sampling hole is formed in the side surface of the gas storage box; the electric control automatic system comprises a power supply and a programmable controller, wherein the programmable controller is connected with the flue gas concentration sensor, the black carbon concentration measuring instrument and the induced draft fan through leads; the gas outlet is connected with a tail gas treatment bottle, and the tail part is connected with a draught fan.
The solid combustion device is further improved by adopting a tubular resistance furnace, the shell of the solid combustion device is formed by welding steel plates in a circle mode, the surface of the solid combustion device is subjected to electrostatic spraying, the hearth is made of high-temperature-resistant silicon carbide materials, the heating element is iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires, the heat-insulating materials are high-quality ceramic fibers, the size (mm) phi 60 multiplied by 2000 of the hearth of the tubular resistance furnace is in a temperature range of room temperature-1000 ℃. The tubular resistance furnace is connected with a programmable logic control device, is controlled by an intelligent PID, and can be provided with a multi-section temperature rise and preservation curve.
As further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the fuel combustion device has three combustion modes: (1) operating the liquid fuel combustion device (oil burner) without operating the solid fuel combustion device (tube resistance furnace), at which time the liquid fuel combustion is simulated; (2) operating the solid fuel combustion device without operating the liquid fuel combustion device, wherein solid fuel combustion is simulated; (3) operating the liquid fuel combustion device while operating the solid fuel combustion device, wherein both the solid fuel and the liquid fuel are combusted together.
The liquid fuel comprises gasoline and diesel oil;
the solid fuel comprises coal, straws and branches;
as a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the cyclone dust collector is used for treating particles with the particle size of more than 5um and preliminarily removing dust from the incinerated flue gas, and the dust removal efficiency is more than 80 percent.
The cyclone dust collector consists of a dust collecting cylinder, an inverted cone and an exhaust air pipe, the inlet flow speed of the cyclone dust collector is 12-22m/s, and the external dimension is phi 300 multiplied by 870 (cylinder multiplied by height, unit mm).
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the coarse grain filter consists of a framework and a cloth bag. The framework consists of 8 ribs (L =500 mm) and 7 rings (phi =95 mm), the surfaces of the ribs are galvanized, the outer part of the framework is a glass fiber cloth bag (phi =100mm, L =550 mm), the filtering precision is 0.5-150 mu m, and a lifting hook is arranged above the cloth bag to facilitate taking, taking and replacing the filter bag; the cloth bag is protected by a cylindrical outer sleeve phi =180mm and an L =850mm cover, the left side and the right side of the cloth bag are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the filter, an upper flange phi =95mm, and the bottom of the cloth bag is provided with threads which can be unscrewed.
Further as an improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the interior of the purification tube is coated with organic and inorganic gas absorption materials at intervals, and the shape of the purification tube is a chain calabash shape, the large caliber phi =100mm, and the small caliber phi =50mm, so that the contact area of the gas and the absorption materials is increased, and the action time is prolonged.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved, a temperature sensor is arranged in the gas storage box and used for measuring the temperature in the box, and a direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument with a liquid crystal screen is arranged above the gas storage box; the gas storage box side protrusion is equipped with particulate matter sampling hole, and the connecting tube accesss to the sample thief and directly samples the analysis.
As the improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the tail gas treatment bottle is internally provided with a primary filter screen, a honeycomb type active carbon filter element and an HEPA filter screen and can be replaced at any time through an insertion opening above the bottle body.
Further as an improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the gas storage tank and each connecting pipeline are made of heat insulation materials, and the gas storage tank and each connecting pipeline are detachable.
Further as an improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the programmable controller is constructed by the known technology in the electronic field, comprises a storage and an operation chip, can be programmed, realizes the monitoring and controlling function of the whole system, and improves the reliability of system control.
Further as an improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the programmable controller is in communication connection with the temperature controller and the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor feeds back the temperature information in the air storage box to the programmable controller in time, the programmable controller sends a command to enable the temperature controller to adjust and control the combustion temperature,
the specific regulation mode of the combustion temperature is as follows:
a. if the actual temperature is less than the ideal preset temperature T0(e.g., gasoline, diesel, lump coal, straw, tree branches ideal preset temperature T01200 deg.C, 800 deg.C, 400 deg.C, respectively), the control system commands the temperature controller to select temperature rise, at which time the researcher is prompted that the sample should not be collected at that time, and the gas is filtered and discharged without being retained in the gas storage tank.
b. If the temperature is between T0And theoretical limit temperature T of experimental equipment1In the meantime, the temperature controller automatically selects to cool down, and after reaching the preset temperature, the researcher is prompted to collect the materials at the momentThe sample is collected, at which point the sample can be temporarily stored in a gas container. It should be noted that cooling considerations are also required if the temperature of the collected flue gas is required.
In addition, the programmable controller receives the signal of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument and compares the real-time concentration C with a preset concentration C0And comparing, and then sending a control command according to a comparison result to feed back to the induced draft fan to control the rotating speed of the induced draft fan, and further controlling the air supply to adjust the combustion degree of the fuel, wherein the specific adjustment mode is as follows:
a. if the real-time concentration C is less than the preset concentration C0The programmable controller receives a signal control system command of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument to increase the rotating speed of the induced draft fan to provide sufficient air for fuel combustion, and meanwhile, researchers need to properly add fuel according to actual conditions to promote generation of high-concentration flue gas.
b. If the real-time concentration C is larger than the preset concentration value C0The programmable controller receives a signal control system command of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument to reduce the rotating speed of the induced draft fan, and meanwhile, researchers need to cooperate with workers to properly adjust the temperature according to actual conditions to inhibit smoke generation.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention has simple design, easy replacement of each part, controllable simulation process, small volume, easy disassembly and convenient placement, and is suitable for indoor use, in particular to the use in scientific research labs.
2) The invention is suitable for the research of generating black carbon by fuels in different states, can simulate the combustion of solid and liquid fuels to generate black carbon respectively, and can realize the research of generating black carbon by the co-combustion of solid and liquid fuels.
3) The invention adopts the programmable automatic feedback system to control the experimental conditions, integrates and automates the generation of the black carbon and the subsequent purification operation, and greatly facilitates the collection and research of black carbon particles by scientific research workers.
4) The invention is provided with a particle sampling hole, and can be connected with pipelines with different apertures to be connected with a sampler for direct sampling analysis.
5) The method can well simulate the combustion of different fuels to generate and purify the black carbon, and provides a means for researching the physicochemical properties of the black carbon from different sources and accurately researching the laboratory of the black carbon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a black carbon producing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic feedback control principle of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a programmable controller, 2-an oil engine, 3-a tubular resistance furnace, 4-a temperature controller, 5-a temperature sensor, 6-a cyclone dust collector, 7-an ash bucket, 8-a coarse grain filter, 9-a purification tube, 10-an air storage box, 11-a sampling hole, 12-a filter bottle and 13-an induced draft fan.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a black carbon production apparatus, which includes a fuel combustion apparatus, a purification system, a tail gas treatment apparatus, and an electric control automation system; the fuel combustion device comprises a liquid fuel combustion device and a solid fuel combustion device, and the liquid fuel combustion device is connected with the solid fuel combustion device through a temperature-resistant heat-preservation pipe; the liquid fuel combustion device consists of a fuel oil engine 2 and a high-temperature-resistant fireproof partition plate arranged outside the fuel oil engine; the solid fuel combustion device consists of a tubular resistance furnace 3 and a temperature controller 4 arranged at the top; the purification system comprises a cyclone dust collector 6, a coarse filter 8, a purification pipe 9 and a gas storage tank 10, wherein the upper part of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the coarse filter, the bottom of the cyclone dust collector is provided with an ash bucket 7, the coarse filter is connected with the purification pipe, the purification pipe is connected with the gas storage tank, and the gas storage tank is connected with the purification pipe; a temperature sensor 5 is arranged in the gas storage box, a direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument with a liquid crystal screen is arranged on the gas storage box, and a sampling hole 11 is formed in the side surface of the gas storage box; the electric control automatic system comprises a power supply and a programmable controller 1, wherein the programmable controller is connected with a flue gas concentration sensor, a black carbon concentration measuring instrument and an induced draft fan 13 through leads; the air outlet is connected with a tail gas filter bottle 12, and the tail part is connected with a draught fan.
The temperature controller is arranged at the top of the tubular resistance furnace and used for controlling the temperature in the furnace and regulating the temperature of the flue gas when no fuel is burnt in the solid fuel device; gas of the purification system is primarily screened by a cyclone dust collector, then coarse dust enters an ash hopper, the gas enters a coarse particle filter for filtration, then is further purified by a purification pipe, and finally flows into a gas storage tank; a temperature sensor arranged in the gas storage tank and a direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument of the liquid crystal screen monitor the black carbon concentration in real time; the sampling holes on the side surface are used for connecting pipelines with different apertures to a sampler for direct sampling analysis;
the centralized feedback and centralized control of the electric control automation system realize the monitoring of the whole system; the gas outlet is connected with a tail gas treatment bottle for filtering to prevent air pollution, and the tail part is connected with an electric draught fan which provides power for the whole device system.
The invention obtains the soot by burning liquid and solid, and the soot is purified by a purification system in multiple stages to remove impurities in the soot, thereby achieving the purpose of obtaining pure black carbon.
A preparation method of black carbon comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, starting an induced draft fan and adjusting the rotating speed to pump air for a period of time, and pumping out residual gas in the fuel combustion device; starting the programmable controller to program and input the preset value C of the black carbon concentration0A preset temperature value T0And theoretical limit temperature T1。
2) Igniting the fuel combustion device to generate soot (igniting a liquid fuel device or a solid fuel device or igniting the liquid fuel device and the solid fuel device simultaneously), and automatically feeding back information to the programmable controller by the black carbon concentration measuring instrument and the temperature sensor, and automatically judging and sending an adjusting signal by the programmable controller;
3) carbon smoke in a cyclone dust collector falls into an ash bucket under the action of centrifugal force due to the difference of the quality of particulate matters, small particles flow out to a coarse particle filter from an upper outlet, gas is intercepted by a glass fiber cloth bag in the coarse particle filter, gas carrying fine particles (the particle size is less than 1 mu m) flows out from a filter outlet, and particles with larger particle sizes are intercepted outside filter holes of the cloth bag and are precipitated to the bottom of the filter through artificial vibration of filter cloth.
4) The gas is subjected to multistage absorption in a purification pipe to remove most of organic and inorganic gases, so as to further purify the black carbon, and finally the gas loaded with the black carbon flows into a gas storage tank. The concentration of the black carbon in the gas storage tank can be monitored in real time through the direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument, and the temperature is recorded through the programmable controller; meanwhile, a researcher can open a sampling hole according to actual requirements to be connected with an atmosphere single-particle sampler to collect the prepared black carbon particles;
5) the unused black carbon enters the tail gas treatment bottle along with the gas and is adsorbed on the special filter element, and a researcher can prevent blockage by regularly replacing the filter element in the bottle.
6) The closing sequence of each device after use is opposite to the starting sequence. If no relevant research is carried out within a short time, the connecting pipeline between the devices is dismantled, cleaned and placed for storage.
Claims (10)
1. A black carbon preparation device is characterized by comprising a fuel combustion device, a purification system, a tail gas treatment device and an electric control automation system; the fuel combustion device comprises a liquid fuel combustion device and a solid fuel combustion device, and the liquid fuel combustion device is connected with the solid fuel combustion device through a temperature-resistant heat-preservation pipe; the liquid fuel combustion device consists of a fuel oil engine (2) and a high-temperature-resistant fireproof partition plate arranged outside the fuel oil engine (2); the solid fuel combustion device consists of a tubular resistance furnace (3) and a temperature controller (4) arranged at the top; the purification system comprises a cyclone dust collector (6), a coarse filter (8), a purification pipe (9) and a gas storage box (10), wherein the cyclone dust collector (6) is connected with the coarse filter (8) and is provided with an ash bucket (7), the coarse filter (8) is connected with the purification pipe (9), and the purification pipe (9) is connected with the gas storage box (10); a temperature sensor (5) is arranged in the gas storage box (10), a direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument with a liquid crystal screen is installed on the gas storage box, and a sampling hole (11) is formed in the side face of the gas storage box; the electric control automatic system comprises a power supply and a programmable controller (1), wherein the programmable controller (1) is connected with a flue gas concentration sensor, a black carbon concentration measuring instrument and an induced draft fan (13) through leads; the air outlet is connected with a tail gas treatment bottle (12), and the tail part is connected with a draught fan (13).
2. A black carbon manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outer shell of the tubular resistance furnace (3) is formed by welding steel plates, the outer surface is sprayed with static electricity, the furnace chamber is made of silicon carbide material, the heating element is made of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, the heat insulating material is ceramic fiber, the diameter of the furnace chamber of the tubular resistance furnace is 60 mm, the height is 2000 mm, the temperature range is room temperature to 1000 ℃, and the temperature controller (4) installed on the top of the tubular resistance furnace is connected with the programmable controller (1) and is provided with a multi-stage temperature rising and heat insulating curve.
3. The black carbon preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone (6) is composed of a dust collecting cylinder, an inverted cone and an exhaust air duct, the cyclone (6) processes particles with a particle size of more than 5 μm, and performs preliminary dust removal on the burned flue gas; the inlet flow velocity of the cyclone dust collector (6) is 12-22m/s, the diameter of the cylinder of the cyclone dust collector (6) is 300 mm, and the height is 870 mm.
4. The black carbon preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the coarse filter (8) comprises a frame and a cloth bag, the frame comprises 8 steel bars with galvanized surfaces and 7 circular rings, the outer part of the frame is a glass fiber cloth bag, the filtering precision is 0.5-150 μm, and a lifting hook is arranged above the cloth bag, so that the filter bag can be conveniently taken and replaced; the left end and the right end of the cloth bag outer sleeve are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet are both provided with flanges, and the bottom of the cloth bag outer sleeve is provided with threads.
5. A black carbon manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the purification tube (9) is coated with the absorbing material of organic and inorganic gases at intervals, and the external shape is a chain calabash shape, with a large diameter of phi =100mm and a small diameter of phi =50mm, in order to increase the contact area of the gas and the absorbing material and prolong the action time.
6. The black carbon preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment bottle (12) is provided therein with a high efficiency filter comprising a primary filter, a honeycomb activated carbon filter and a HEPA filter, and can be replaced at any time through an insertion opening formed above the bottle body.
7. A black carbon producing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fuel combustion apparatus is operated in the following 3 modes:
(1) operating the liquid fuel combustion device alone;
(2) operating the solid fuel combustion device alone;
(3) the liquid fuel combustion device and the solid fuel combustion device operate simultaneously.
8. The apparatus for producing black carbon according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus further comprises a control unit for controlling said operation of said control unit
(1) Programmable controller (1), with temperature controller (4), temperature sensor (5) carry out the communication and be connected, temperature sensor (5) in time to programmable controller (1) interior temperature information of air storage tank, send the order by programmable controller (1) and make temperature controller (4) regulation control combustion temperature:
a. if the real-time temperature is less than the preset temperature T0The programmable controller selects temperature rise control, the sample is not suitable for collection at the moment, the gas is discharged after being filtered, and the gas is not reserved in the gas storage box;
b. if the real-time temperature is between the preset temperature T0And theoretical limit temperature T1In between, the programmable controller automatically selects to cool down to reach the preset temperature T0Then, the sample is collected at that moment, and the sample can be temporarily stored in the gas storage box;
(2) the programmable controller receives the signal of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument and compares the concentration measured value C with the concentration preset value C0And comparing, sending a control command according to a comparison result, feeding back the control command to the induced draft fan to control the rotating speed of the induced draft fan, and further controlling the air supply to adjust the combustion degree of the fuel:
a. if the concentration measured value C is less than the concentration preset value C0The programmable controller receives a signal of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument, commands the induced draft fan to increase the rotating speed, provides sufficient air for fuel combustion, and simultaneously adds fuel to promote the generation of flue gas with higher concentration;
b. if the concentration measured value C is greater than the concentration preset value C0And the programmable controller receives the signal of the black carbon concentration measuring instrument, commands the rotating speed of the induced draft fan to be reduced, and simultaneously adjusts the temperature to inhibit the generation of smoke.
9. The black carbon production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fuel is a solid-liquid fuel; namely, liquid fuel is placed in a liquid fuel combustion device, and solid fuel is placed in a solid fuel combustion device.
10. A black carbon production method using the black carbon production apparatus according to claim 1; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, starting an induced draft fan and adjusting the rotating speed to pump air for a period of time, and pumping out residual gas in the fuel combustion device; starting the programmable controller to program and input the preset value C of the black carbon concentration0And a preset value of temperature T0;
2) Igniting a fuel combustion device to generate soot, automatically feeding information back to the programmable controller by the black carbon concentration measuring instrument and the temperature sensor at the moment, and automatically judging and sending an adjusting signal by the programmable controller;
3) carbon smoke in a cyclone dust collector falls into an ash bucket under the action of centrifugal force due to difference of mass of particulate matters, small particles flow out of an upper outlet to a coarse particle filter, gas is intercepted by a glass fiber cloth bag in the coarse particle filter, gas carrying fine particles with the particle size of less than 1 mu m flows out of a filter outlet, particles with larger particle size are intercepted outside a filter hole of the cloth bag, and the particles are precipitated to the bottom of the filter through artificial vibration of the filter cloth;
4) the gas is subjected to multistage absorption in a purification pipe to remove most of organic and inorganic gases, so that black carbon is further purified, and finally the gas loaded with the black carbon flows into a gas storage tank; the concentration of the black carbon in the gas storage tank can be monitored in real time through the direct-reading black carbon concentration measuring instrument, and the real-time temperature T is recorded through the programmable controller1;
5) Opening a sampling hole to connect an atmosphere single-particle sampler to collect the prepared black carbon particles;
6) The unused black carbon enters the tail gas filter bottle along with the gas and is adsorbed on the filter element.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810201081.XA CN108441000B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Black carbon preparation device and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810201081.XA CN108441000B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Black carbon preparation device and preparation method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108441000A CN108441000A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
CN108441000B true CN108441000B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
Family
ID=63194035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810201081.XA Expired - Fee Related CN108441000B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Black carbon preparation device and preparation method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108441000B (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4247530A (en) * | 1978-04-19 | 1981-01-27 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus and method for producing carbon black |
CN201713469U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-19 | 曲靖众一精细化工股份有限公司 | Effective cracker producing high quality carbon black |
CN205275511U (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 山东贝斯特化工有限公司 | Improve carbon black production automatic device |
-
2018
- 2018-05-04 CN CN201810201081.XA patent/CN108441000B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4247530A (en) * | 1978-04-19 | 1981-01-27 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus and method for producing carbon black |
CN201713469U (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-19 | 曲靖众一精细化工股份有限公司 | Effective cracker producing high quality carbon black |
CN205275511U (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 山东贝斯特化工有限公司 | Improve carbon black production automatic device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108441000A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN204234456U (en) | Multi-stage oven soil repair system | |
WO2013173951A1 (en) | Combustion heating system | |
CN108441000B (en) | Black carbon preparation device and preparation method | |
CN211274055U (en) | Cremation machine tail gas treatment equipment | |
CN205782957U (en) | A kind of vertical multi-stage processes incinerator | |
CN209093006U (en) | Environment-friendly type heating installation | |
CN202343097U (en) | Dust removal and catalytic denitration reaction device for garbage incineration flue gas | |
CN211886058U (en) | Waste gas purification environmental protection equipment | |
CN203764018U (en) | Composite wall flow type honeycomb ceramic gas dust removing device | |
CN210044954U (en) | Gas producer clean system | |
CN107435932A (en) | Ciu | |
CN207661783U (en) | A kind of small-sized rubbish gas charcoal complementation charing combustion furnace | |
CN112664924A (en) | Biomass solid fuel is with burner that has waste heat utilization function | |
CN202778098U (en) | Foamed ceramic high temperature industrial gas filter tube and industrial soot coarse filter prepared by using same | |
CN214406125U (en) | Biomass combustion furnace gas purification device | |
CN108568188A (en) | A method of being used for purifying pitch melter and pitch storage tank bitumen flue gas | |
CN109373572A (en) | Noise reduction dedusting smoke abatement integration hot-blast stove | |
CN211255817U (en) | Tar removing device matched with domestic garbage oxygen-limiting type pyrolysis furnace | |
CN204723910U (en) | Secondary aluminium alloy stove cleanse system for soot | |
CN214406960U (en) | Heat-balanced hot cleaning furnace | |
CN220788069U (en) | Carbon dioxide producer | |
CN211424395U (en) | Device for burning garbage | |
CN201553712U (en) | Device adopting turmeric waste residue or Chinese herbal medicine waste residue for producing combustible gas | |
CN209399374U (en) | A kind of garbage combustion device that heating furnace CO discharge amount is effectively reduced | |
CN114608339B (en) | High-efficiency dust removal and power generation system for metallurgical flue gas and working method thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200417 |