CN108432451B - Hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine - Google Patents
Hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108432451B CN108432451B CN201810407440.7A CN201810407440A CN108432451B CN 108432451 B CN108432451 B CN 108432451B CN 201810407440 A CN201810407440 A CN 201810407440A CN 108432451 B CN108432451 B CN 108432451B
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- trolley
- picking
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- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000234671 Ananas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/002—Harvesting of standing crops of pineapples
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
A hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine comprises a roller picking module, a transmission module, a collecting module and a trolley travelling module. The invention has high efficiency, the pure machinery does not depend on a motor or other power supplies to work, the clamp is installed in a roller form, and the rotation speed of the roller and the rotation speed ratio of the wheels are obtained through calculation, so that the clamp group works sequentially to finish continuous picking of pineapple, and the picking efficiency of pineapple is greatly improved; the clamp is in surface contact with the pineapple, so that damage to the pineapple in picking is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the pineapple picking machine has high fault tolerance, and can automatically adapt to the pineapple with different sizes and different inclinations; the power of the manual pushing wheel is transmitted to the roller shaft by adopting the transmission module so as to drive the roller to rotate, and the labor intensity of fruit farmers is reduced; and by adopting two synchronous turbine screw lifters, pineapple with different plant heights can be picked.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a pineapple picking machine for fruit farmers.
Background
At present, the domestic pineapple is mainly picked by hands, time and labor are consumed, the pineapple only has a harvesting peak period of about half month, a large amount of manpower is needed to collect a plurality of pineapples in the harvesting peak period of the pineapple, the burden of people is very large, an auxiliary pineapple picking device is needed, the existing auxiliary pineapple picking device is few, the picking efficiency is too low, the damage to the pineapple and pineapple plants is large, and the defects that the burden of people cannot be lightened due to the fact that the motor is used for supplying power for work are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine, and provides a high-efficiency pineapple picking device without a power supply, which can simultaneously pick two rows of pineapples on a ridge.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine which comprises a roller picking module, a transmission module, a collecting module and a trolley travelling module.
The roller picking module comprises two rollers on two sides of the trolley, a roller shaft connected with the two rollers and a clamp arranged on the rollers. The two rollers are respectively positioned at the two outer sides of the trolley frame and correspond to two rows of pineapples to be picked. The roller shaft is fixed on the trolley frame through the shaft support and drives the two rollers to rotate clockwise. The clamps on the rollers are positioned between two triangular roller walls, one clamp is arranged on one roller every 120 degrees, the three clamps rotate clockwise along with the roller, and the pineapple is broken by cyclic operation, namely after the first clamp picks and releases the pineapple, the third clamp touches and picks the other pineapple, and then the second clamp starts to pick the pineapple, so that continuous picking is realized, and the picking efficiency of the pineapple is greatly improved.
A complete fixture can be divided into an upper single-layer fixture and a lower single-layer fixture, the structures of the upper single-layer fixture and the lower single-layer fixture are identical, and the upper single-layer fixture and the lower single-layer fixture correspond to the upper part and the lower part of the pineapple. The single-layer clamp comprises a correction plate, a left arc-shaped tentacle, a right arc-shaped tentacle, a grain surface belt, a ratchet bar, a pawl, a spring, a compression bar and a cross bar. The correction plates are arc-shaped, and a single-layer clamp is provided with two correction plates which are respectively positioned in front of the left arc-shaped tentacles and the right arc-shaped tentacles. The left arc tentacle and the right arc tentacle are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the single-layer clamp, and the single-layer clamp comprises two left arc tentacles and two right arc tentacles. The ratchet bars are positioned at the middle and rear parts of the clamp, the ratchet bars are arranged at the two sides and can move back and forth, and the protruding part at the front end is connected with the grain belt. The grain surface belt is positioned in front of the single-layer clamp, and is connected with the two left arc tentacles, the protruding part at the front end of the ratchet bar and the two right arc tentacles for pasting and packing pineapple. The pawl is two in a single-layer clamp, is positioned at the rear of the clamp and is matched with ratchets at two sides of the ratchet bar, so that the locking of the ratchet bar is realized. The springs are arranged in a single-layer clamp, are positioned above the two pawls and are connected with the compression bar. The cross rod is positioned on the trolley frame and used for pressing down the pressing rod to separate the two pawls from the ratchet bars, so that the grain surface belt is expanded, and the clamp releases pineapple. During the operation of the clamp, the inclined pineapple can be corrected by a certain angle through the upper layer and the lower layer of two correction plates, the correction plates can also eliminate the interference of the surrounding leaves of the pineapple on the pineapple which is tightly wrapped by the arc feeler, then the pineapple enters the arc feeler working area, the ratchet strip is pushed by the pineapple to drive the grain surface belt to shrink, namely, the left arc feeler and the right arc feeler start to be close to the pineapple, the grain surface belt is gradually bonded and tightly wrapped by the pineapple along with the fact that the ratchet strip is continuously pushed backwards, after the pineapple is tightly wrapped, the ratchet strip is not pushed any more, and two pawls matched with the ratchet strip lock the ratchet strip, so that the pineapple can be always wrapped tightly, and cannot slide and fall off. The face contact mode has been adopted when anchor clamps package tight pineapple, has reduced the damage to the pineapple to the correction board will correct the pineapple of slope and remove the interference of the leaf around the pineapple, and the correction board has together greatly increased the fault-tolerance of anchor clamps with the flexible contact that the tight pineapple adopted makes it can adapt to the pineapple of different sizes, different inclination.
The transmission module can be divided into a left transmission part and a right transmission part, which are respectively positioned on two inner walls of the trolley, and the structure of the transmission module is completely consistent. The transmission part comprises a synchronous pulley, an idler pulley, a smooth surface drop pulley, a gear, a one-way bearing, a countershaft, a flat key and the like. The synchronous pulleys are arranged at the unilateral transmission part, are provided with unidirectional bearings and are coaxial with the rear wheels to serve as driving wheels; the other synchronous belt wheel is fixedly connected with the auxiliary shaft through a flat key and is used as a driven wheel. The smooth idler is positioned below the inner wall of the trolley and connected with the driving wheel through a synchronous belt, so that unidirectional transmission is realized, namely, when the rear wheel rotates anticlockwise, the smooth idler rotates anticlockwise, and when the rear wheel rotates clockwise, the smooth idler does not rotate. The smooth idler is also connected with the driven wheel above the smooth idler through a grain belt to transmit power to the auxiliary shaft. The two gears are arranged on the unilateral transmission part, one gear is fixedly connected with the auxiliary shaft through a flat key, the other gear is fixedly connected with the drum shaft through a flat key, and the two gears are meshed with each other, so that reverse transmission is realized, namely, the anticlockwise rotation transmission of the wheels is clockwise rotation of the drum shaft. The drop wheel is positioned at the inner sides of the two vehicle walls and can slide back and forth, and the drop wheel is used for adjusting the tightness of the synchronous belt when the upper part of the frame is lifted. The transmission module transmits the power of the manual pushing trolley to the roller, the transmission ratio of the roller to the wheels reaches 6:5, the full mechanical picking of pineapple is realized, the labor intensity of people is greatly reduced, the roller can rotate and does not rotate when the trolley moves forward and moves backward due to unidirectional transmission, the position of the clamp on the roller is convenient to adjust, and the picking efficiency is improved.
The collecting module comprises a collecting box, two collecting plates and a lifting plate. The collecting box is positioned at the middle and rear part of the trolley frame and is used for collecting pineapple. A lifting plate is arranged below the lower part of the upper plate; the two collecting plates are respectively positioned at two sides outside the trolley frame, the collecting plates are 78 degrees with the XOZ plane and 10 degrees with the XOY plane at the rear of the two rollers, and are fixed on the trolley frame through steel wire ropes, so that pineapple falling horizontally on the rollers is conveniently conveyed into the collecting box. The lifting plate is positioned below the collecting box, one end of the lifting plate is connected with the hand-held handle positioned above the frame through a steel wire rope, and the lifting plate is used for lifting the collecting box and enabling the collecting box to slide down after a fruit grower grips the hand-held handle, so that semi-automatic box unloading is realized.
The trolley traveling module comprises a trolley frame, two turbine screw rod lifters positioned in the middle of the frame, two hand pushing handrails positioned at the rear of the frame, four wheels and eight shock absorbers. The upper part of the trolley frame bottom is connected with two turbine screw rod lifters, and for certain pineapple plants which are particularly high or particularly low and pineapple fields with very different plant heights due to different fields, the rotating handle of the turbine screw rod lifters can be rotated, so that the height of the roller is adjusted by lifting or lowering the upper part of the trolley frame, and the pineapple plants with different heights are picked. The two hand pushing handrails are positioned behind the trolley frame, and the distance between the hand pushing handrails and the installation height are simulated at the height of about 1.7 meters, so that fruit farmers can push the trolley conveniently.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the clamp is installed in a roller mode, and the rotation speed ratio of the roller to the wheel is calculated, so that the clamp groups work sequentially to finish continuous picking of pineapple, and the picking efficiency of pineapple is greatly improved; the clamp is in surface contact with the pineapple, so that damage to the pineapple in picking is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the pineapple picking machine has high fault tolerance, and can automatically adapt to the pineapple with different sizes and different inclinations; the driving module is adopted to drive the power of the manual pushing wheel to the roller so as to drive the roller to rotate and achieve a set rotation speed ratio, continuous picking of pineapple is carried out, the labor intensity of fruit farmers is reduced, and the driving mechanism has the characteristic of unidirectional driving, so that the position of the clamp group can be conveniently adjusted; the pineapple is guided into the collecting box by the collecting module through the inclined installation of the collecting plate, so that the pineapple collecting device is simple and convenient; the lifting plate and the holding handle above the frame make the case unloading simpler and more convenient; the trolley traveling module provides two hand-push handrails, so that a fruit grower can push the trolley conveniently, and the upper part of the frame can be lifted by the two turbine screw lifters so as to solve the problem that the heights of possible pineapple plants in different pineapple lands are greatly different. The invention solves a series of problems possibly encountered in the mechanical picking process, and from the practical start of fruit growers, the device is convenient for fruit growers to operate, and the invention can greatly improve the picking efficiency of the fruit growers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the left side of the whole machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front of the whole machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a picking module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the transmission part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a left side schematic view of the transmission part of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a roller picking module, 11 is a triangle-like roller wall, 12 is a clamp, 121 is a left arc-shaped tentacle, 122 is a right arc-shaped tentacle, 123 is a grain surface belt, 124 is a ratchet bar, 125 is a pawl, 126 is a correction plate, 127 is a friction wheel, 128 is a connecting rod, 2 is a transmission module, 21 is a synchronous pulley, 22 is an idler, 221 is a smooth idler, 23 is a gear, 3 is a collecting module, 31 is a collecting box, 32 is a collecting plate, 33 is a lifting plate, 4 is a trolley traveling module, 41 is a trolley frame, 42 is a turbine screw rod lifter, 43 is a wheel, 44 is a shock absorber, and 45 is a hand-pushing handrail.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention picks two rows of pineapple on the ridge at the same time, and fruit farmers simply and conveniently operate, and only need to change the collecting box 31 and push the trolley forward to finish picking the pineapple in the pineapple field. The pineapple picking machine comprises a roller picking module 1, a transmission module 2, a collecting module 3 and a trolley traveling module 4, wherein the four modules are mutually related to finish picking of pineapples.
When the pineapple picking machine works, the first clamps 12 on the left side and the right side of the wall correspond to the spatial positions of pineapples to be picked respectively, a fruit grower pushes the hand-push handrail 45 positioned at the rear of the trolley traveling module, the trolley advances, the two rear wheels 43 rotate clockwise, a unidirectional transmission mechanism formed by the smooth surface drop wheel 221 and the synchronous pulley 21 provided with the unidirectional bearing is connected with the smooth surface idle wheel 221 through a synchronous belt, power is transmitted to a synchronous pulley shaft through the synchronous belt, the gear 23 matched with the synchronous pulley shaft is matched with another meshing gear to form a reverse transmission mechanism, the roller shaft is matched with the meshing gear 23, the power is transmitted to the roller shaft, the two rollers rotate anticlockwise through the reverse transmission mechanism, and the clamps 12 on the rollers rotate to start working to pick pineapples.
The transmission module determines the rotation ratio of the drum to the wheels 43, i.e. when the dolly is pushed from the first pineapple plant to the second pineapple plant, the first clamp 12 on the drum picks up the first pineapple, the third clamp 2 picks up the second pineapple, the drums on both sides rotate synchronously, and two rows of pineapple on one ridge are picked up. The clamp 12 rotates through 270 degrees to release the pineapple, and the connecting rod 127 is stirred by the friction wheel 126 to enable the pawl 125 to be separated from the ratchet bar 124, so that the pineapple is released. The horizontally released pineapple is guided into the collecting box 31 along the collecting plate 32 which is obliquely installed under the action of gravity, after the collecting box 31 is filled, a fruit grower holds a handle by hand, the lifting plate 33 below the collecting box 31 is lifted, the collecting box 31 is detached, and the fruit grower manually replaces the box. When a fruit grower picks up a plurality of pineapple fields, the plant height and the pineapple size may be changed greatly so as to exceed the fault tolerance of the clamp 12, and the turbine screw lifter 42 in the middle of the trolley traveling module 4 may be adjusted to correspondingly raise or lower the position of the upper frame of the trolley, so as to pick up the plurality of pineapple fields.
Claims (1)
1. A hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine is characterized by comprising a roller picking module, a transmission module, a collecting module and a trolley travelling module;
the roller picking module comprises two rollers at two sides of the trolley, a roller shaft connected with the two rollers and a clamp arranged on the rollers; the two rollers are respectively positioned at the two outer sides of the trolley frame and correspond to two rows of pineapples to be picked; the roller shaft is fixed on the trolley frame through a shaft support and drives the two rollers to rotate clockwise; the clamps on the rollers are positioned between two similar triangular roller walls, one clamp is arranged on each roller every 120 degrees, and the three clamps rotate clockwise along with the rollers;
the clamp is divided into an upper single-layer clamp and a lower single-layer clamp, and the structures of the upper single-layer clamp and the lower single-layer clamp are identical; the single-layer clamp comprises a correction plate, a left arc-shaped tentacle, a right arc-shaped tentacle, a grain surface belt, a ratchet bar, a pawl, a spring, a compression bar and a cross bar; the correction plates are arc-shaped, and a single-layer clamp is provided with two correction plates which are respectively positioned in front of the left and right arc-shaped tentacles; the left arc tentacles and the right arc tentacles are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the single-layer clamp, and the single-layer clamp comprises two left arc tentacles and two right arc tentacles; the ratchet bars are positioned at the middle and rear parts of the clamp, ratchet teeth are arranged at two sides of the ratchet bars and can move back and forth, and the protruding part at the front end is connected with the grain belt; the grain surface belt is positioned in front of the single-layer clamp, and is connected with the two left arc tentacles, the protruding part at the front end of the ratchet bar and the two right arc tentacles for tightly binding the pineapple; two pawls are arranged in a single-layer clamp and are positioned at the rear of the clamp and matched with ratchets at two sides of the ratchet bar, so that the ratchet bar is locked; the springs are arranged in a single-layer clamp, are positioned above the two pawls and are connected with the compression bar; the cross rod is positioned on the trolley frame and used for pressing down the pressing rod to separate the two pawls from the ratchet bar, so that the grain surface belt is expanded, and the clamp releases pineapple;
the transmission module is divided into a left transmission part and a right transmission part which are respectively positioned on two inner walls of the trolley, and the two transmission parts have the same structure; the transmission part comprises a synchronous pulley, an idler pulley, a smooth idler pulley, a gear, a one-way bearing, a countershaft and a flat key; the synchronous pulleys are arranged at the unilateral transmission part, are provided with unidirectional bearings and are coaxial with the rear wheels to serve as driving wheels; the other synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected with the auxiliary shaft through a flat key and is used as a driven wheel; the smooth idler pulley is positioned below the inner wall of the trolley and is connected with the driving wheel through a synchronous belt, so that unidirectional transmission is realized: when the rear wheel rotates anticlockwise, the smooth idler wheel rotates anticlockwise, and when the rear wheel rotates clockwise, the smooth idler wheel does not rotate; the smooth idler wheel is also connected with a driven wheel above the smooth idler wheel through a grain surface belt, and transmits power to a countershaft; the two gears are arranged on the unilateral transmission part, one gear is fixedly connected with the auxiliary shaft through a flat key, the other gear is fixedly connected with the drum shaft through a flat key, and the two gears are meshed with each other, so that reverse transmission is realized: the anticlockwise rotation of the wheels is transmitted to the clockwise rotation of the drum shaft; the idler wheels are positioned on the inner sides of the two vehicle walls and can slide back and forth, and the idler wheels are used for adjusting the tightness of the synchronous belt when the upper part of the frame is lifted;
the collecting module comprises a collecting box, two collecting plates and a lifting plate; the collecting box is positioned at the middle and rear part of the trolley frame, and a lifting plate is arranged below the collecting box; the two collecting plates are respectively positioned at two sides outside the trolley frame, are positioned behind the two rollers, are 78 degrees with the XOZ plane and 10 degrees with the XOY plane, and are fixed on the trolley frame through steel wire ropes; the lifting plate is positioned below the collecting box, and one end of the lifting plate is connected with a hand-held handle positioned above the frame through a steel wire rope;
the trolley traveling module comprises a trolley frame, two turbine screw rod lifters positioned in the middle of the trolley frame, two hand pushing handrails positioned at the rear of the trolley frame, four wheels and eight shock absorbers; the upper part of the bottom of the trolley frame is connected with two turbine screw rod lifters, and the turbine screw rod lifters can adjust the position of the upper frame of the trolley to correspondingly rise or fall; the two hand pushing handrails are positioned behind the trolley frame, and the distance between the hand pushing handrails and the installation height are designed with the height of 1.7 meters;
the transmission ratio of the roller to the wheels reaches 6:5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810407440.7A CN108432451B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810407440.7A CN108432451B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108432451A CN108432451A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
| CN108432451B true CN108432451B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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| CN201810407440.7A Active CN108432451B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Hand-push roller type pineapple picking machine |
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| CN114731834B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-05-16 | 华南农业大学 | Pineapple harvesting device with combined action of steel wire roller and rigid rod roller |
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| 菠萝自动采摘机传动结构的设计及优化;胡杰文;张日红;施俊侠;张小文;张俊昌;廖清龙;;农业技术与装备(第13期);全文 * |
| 观赏果树的开发与利用研究;韩浩章;王晓立;;北方园艺(第10期);全文 * |
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