CN1084266A - Refrigerating heat pump hot water apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The association system that the present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration, heats---refrigerating heat pump hot water apparatus, comprise parts such as compressor, condenser, subcooler, flow controller, evaporimeter, water tank, choke valve, be characterized in cold-producing medium in condenser with water tank in water and in subcooler, carry out heat exchange with the water that flows in the water tank by choke valve, make full use of the heat that discharges after refrigerant is compressed and produce hot water, satisfied the heat release requirement of condensation process in the refrigeration machine simultaneously well.The present invention utilizes the discarded usually heat of conventional heat pump refrigeration modes to produce hot water, and can improve coefficient of refrigerating performance greatly, has saved the energy.The present invention is simple in structure, and cost is low, is applicable to low power consumption, multifunctional household refrigerator or the air-cooler of development of new.

Description

Refrigerating heat pump hot water apparatus

The present invention relates to a kind of association system of freezing and heating of being used to.

According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat pump can consume certain energy, and heat is transferred to high temperature heat source from low-temperature heat source.Refrigerator, air-cooler are exactly the application of heat pump, and here the environment of evaporimeter is a low-temperature heat source, and the environment of condenser is a high temperature heat source, and the electric energy acting makes heat transfer to condenser continuously.For condenser temperature is too raise, traditional way is with air or water the heat in the condenser to be carried away, and diffuses to surrounding environment, has so just caused the waste of heat and has formed thermal pollution.

Recent years, the suggestion of the heat that refrigerating machine produces has appearred utilizing, and someone has proposed concrete way, in Patent Office of the People's Republic of China's Gazette of Patent for Invention in 1991, disclose name and be called " method that is used to regulate air and supplying hot/cold water " (publication number: CN1051971A, applicant: patent documentation Union Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha [Japan]), in this document, describe the heat that utilizes in the condenser and produced the method for hot water, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 3, sketch its step and be (the method for producing cold water in addition of equity in the original text, omit at this): utilize the heat that produces in the condenser 2 to heat another kind of thermal medium, this thermal medium constantly is circulated in thermal capacitance device 5 by circulating pump P, between heat exchanger 6 and the condenser 2 (path B), when cold water follows path D behind over-heat-exchanger 6, absorb heat and become hot water for using.This scheme provides heating of a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system from principle, the method of refrigeration, but be difficult to be applied on the small-type refrigeration appliance, this be because, as the major technique feature, it has increased the thermal medium peripheral passage of a high temperature, to accumulate heat, guarantee the even of heat supply, this peripheral passage itself just exists additional heat loss and electric energy loss (circulating pump), and, there is not cold water to flow through under the situation of (promptly not using hot water) at path D, condensation temperature begins to raise, and cooling condition degenerates, and coefficient of refrigerating performance also descends, unless ceaselessly consume hot water, can guarantee the optimum efficiency operation of system with design.In addition, maximum problem is to have increased a heat exchanger, under lower temperature difference condition, guarantee to heat the cold water of enough flows, and heat exchange area must be very big, and this has just increased cost and weight and has taken greater room.

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of condenser that directly utilizes refrigerating heat pump to produce the device of hot water, and this device can make full use of the heat that condenser discharges and produce hot water, and simple in structure, cost is low, and energy loss is little, and water temperature is more stable, can increase condensation effect, improve refrigerating efficiency.

Realize like this during the invention: the condenser of refrigerating heat pump is divided into two parts, bushing type subcooler and plate and tube condenser, wherein plate and tube condenser is made in tank outer wall, directly with the water in the heat transferred water tank, the bushing type subcooler is carried out preheating to the cold water that is entered by choke valve, hot water after the preheating enters water tank and continues heating up to predetermined temperature, and insulation.Water tank less than the time, heat exchange is mainly carried out in subcooler, cold water is with the less flow sleeve pipe of flowing through, absorbing heat becomes hot water.After water tank is filled with hot water, stop into cold water, only the backup plate trumpet cooler is kept hot water temperature in the case.If be filled with cold water for some reason in the water tank, then, can also transmit heat effectively because the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) of plate and tube condenser strengthens, reach condensation and produce the purpose of hot water.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention, and refrigerant is also circulated in pipeline in the following order by compressor 1 compression: condenser 2, and subcooler 3, filter 4, flow controller 5, evaporimeter 6 returns compressor 1 then, and constantly circulation.Compressor 1, filter 4, these used in the flow controller 5, evaporimeter 6 and the pipeline that links them and traditional refrigeration heat pump system parts are identical.Difference of the present invention is that condenser 2 combines with water tank 7, be fixed in the outer wall of water tank 7 by the metal coil pipe, make plate and tube condenser, subcooler 3 is the sleeve pipe contra-flow heat exchanger, and its delivery port feeds in the water tank 7, water inlet leads to choke valve 8, cold water is through electromagnet cut off valve 9, choke valve 8 flowed into condenser 3 carry out heat exchange after, be not to emit or enter other cool cycles, store for future use but flow into water tank, and further be subjected to the heating of condenser 2.

Consider from the condensation effect aspect, the refrigerant that comes out by compressor 1, in condenser 2, be subjected to precooling and reduced temperature, reduced the thermic load of subcooler 3, make refrigerant when subcooler 3 flows out, temperature approaches the cold water temperature of water inlet, and it can reduce the temperature of the preceding liquid refrigerant of throttling significantly, thereby the quantity of steam that produces after the minimizing throttling has improved specific refrigerating effect.

Acting as of choke valve 8, the flow of restriction cold water is so that allow heating capacity and discharge be issued to balance at the predetermined thermal coolant-temperature gage: when the hot water temperature is lower than predetermined value, turn the cold water flow down; When the hot water temperature is higher than predetermined value, transfer big cold water flow.Temperature sensor 11 is fixed on the metal outer wall of water tank 7, forms the heat conduction contact, so that record the water temperature in the water tank.Level sensor 10 also is installed on water tank 7, when water level reaches the position (as " full-water level " of water tank) of setting, can sends the signal that turn-offs electromagnet cut off valve 9 by control circuit.Level sensor 10 and electromagnet cut off valve 9 can be replaced by a float-ball type stop valve in the synergy of " full-water level " of control water tank.But can not replace other effect of level sensor 10 and electromagnet cut off valve 9, as setting other water level except that " full-water level ", the instant water level in the detection water tank 7 etc.After choke valve 8 adopts electric throttle valve, can be without electromagnet cut off valve 9, because electric throttle valve itself also can be blocked current.The employing of electric throttle valve, benefit are to regulate discharge under the control circuit effect automatically.

Among the present invention, water tank 7 is made by metal material or plastics, when using plastics, and the common ground of itself and condenser 2, promptly the heat-conducting plate of plate and tube condenser part still must be used metal material.For preventing that heat scatters and disappears, the outer bread of water tank 7 is carried out heat-barrier material, forms heat-insulation layer, can adopt polyurethane foam plastic to inject between machine shell and the water tank 7 and form.

In order to take hot water easily, be provided with delivery port in the bottom of water tank 7, discharging valve 12 is housed, for the hot water of will emit is sent to eminence, can a micro pump 13 be installed at the delivery port place, if water tank 7 is provided with enough highly, also can uneasy holding water pump 13.

The present invention adopts subcooler and condenser directly to heat, and in the mode of low discharge, long time integration, has satisfied short time, the hot water instructions for use of flow greatly.And cost is low, and is simple in structure, and heat loss is little, is particularly suitable for utilizing the heat energy of small-type refrigeration appliance to produce hot water.

Evaporimeter of the present invention can be the parts that produce and export cold in the refrigeration plants such as air-cooler, refrigerating box or household freezer.Complete machine structure can be clothes closet type, hanging cupboard type, built-in wardrobe type or the like.

Fig. 2 has provided the design schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention: complete machine is the hanging cupboard type, and its evaporimeter is used for air-cooler and produces cold.Among the figure, 1-compressor, 2-condenser, 3-subcooler, the 4-filter, 5-capillary, 6-evaporimeter, the 7-water tank, 8-electric throttle valve, 9-water filter, the 10-level sensor, 11-temperature sensor, 12-discharging valve, the 13-fan electromotor, 14-wind direction commutator segment group, 15-controller panel, the 16-air cleaner, 17-spiracle, 18-water inlet pipe mouth.Water tank 7 is by thin aluminum sheet punching press or inflation moulding, 200 liters of volumes, and condenser 2 combines with the outer wall of water tank 7 bottoms, is the shape coiling of approximate equidistant helical for copper pipe.Contact with the heat conduction of outer wall for increasing steel pipe, have with the copper pipe coiling in water tank 7 bottom outer wall punching out and move towards identical round bottom ditch, copper pipe is sunk in the ditch, and copper pipe is fixed with the aluminium flake welding.Subcooler 3 is the sleeve pipe contra-flow heat exchanger, on the structure for being with a low rib copper pipe in the seamless steel pipe, subcooler 3 be centered around water tank 7 around (not contacting).The setting of spiracle 17 is for when water level changes, and the inside and outside air pressure of case keeps balance.Present embodiment is control like this: level sensor 10 is divided into 8 sections with the waterline of water tank 7, can set peak level and the highest water temperature by controller panel.After the start, when the actual water level of water tank 7 did not reach designated water level, circuit made the temperature of water remain on than the low △ T(of the highest water temperature of setting and can be 0.5 ℃ according to the flow of the test volume of temperature sensor 11 control electric throttle valve 8) level; When reaching designated water level, electric throttle valve 8 blocking-up current; Under open state, no matter when, when the temperature of water reaches than the high △ T of the temperature of setting, circuit will stop the work of compressor 1, and when the temperature of water during than the low △ T of the temperature of setting, circuit will recover the work of compressor 1.180 watts of present embodiment compressor horsepowers, 800 kilocalories/hour of refrigerating capacitys, 30 watts of fan power are heated to 40 ℃ with cold water by 20 ℃, and fill with water tank 7 need 4-5 hour.

The hanging cupboard type of present embodiment can be installed in the lobby of normal domestic dwelling house, and the kitchen is introduced with hot water in backstairs and bathroom door top, is used to scrub tableware, helps removing greasy dirt; The preheating that is used to boil water can be saved the combustion gas resource; Be used for washing clothes, can strengthen clean result greatly.If hot water is introduced the toilet, by general domestic hygiene water supply standard, the usefulness of 200 liters of enough four people's showers of hot water.

The present invention is in the low energy consumption refrigeration, and obtaining lives uses hot water for running water is heated again, and this is the effect of killing two birds with one stone that traditional air conditioner and electric heating shower, combustion gas shower can not reach.Saved the energy greatly, brought convenience for people's life, material benefit.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of refrigeration, the association system that heats, form by compressor, condenser, subcooler, flow controller, evaporimeter, water tank, choke valve, electromagnet cut off valve, level sensor, temperature sensor and control circuit, it is characterized in that, subcooler is the bushing type counterflow heat exchanger, its water inlet and choke valve link, and delivery port leads in the water tank, and condenser is a plate and tube condenser, it by the metal coil pipe be fixed in the water tank bottom surface and (or) outer wall of side, form the heat conduction contact.

2, water tank as claimed in claim 1 is to be made by metal material, or is the container that metal material is made with the total part of condenser at least, in its surrounded heat-insulation layer is arranged.

3, choke valve as claimed in claim 1 and electromagnet cut off valve can be replaced by electric throttle valve.

4, on the outer wall as claim 1,2 described water tanks temperature sensor is installed, and contacts with the metal outer wall formation heat conduction of water tank.

5, the synergy of level sensor as claimed in claim 1 and electromagnet cut off valve can be replaced by the float-ball type stop valve.

6, the micro pump that discharging valve is installed and is used to discharge water as claim 1,2 described water tanks, or discharging valve only is installed.

Images