CN108426494A - A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit - Google Patents
A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108426494A CN108426494A CN201810466161.8A CN201810466161A CN108426494A CN 108426494 A CN108426494 A CN 108426494A CN 201810466161 A CN201810466161 A CN 201810466161A CN 108426494 A CN108426494 A CN 108426494A
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- excavation
- foundation pit
- filling device
- blasting
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- Pending
Links
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling devices for excavation of foundation pit, including sealed cylindrical and setting strut within the barrel, bottom cushion, electric detonator and several by the concatenated blasting charge of primacord, the bottom cushion is mounted on the bottom of cylinder, strut is embedded in inside bottom cushion and is fixed on cylinder center position, the blasting charge is fixed on strut, electric detonator is fixed together with a certain blasting charge therein, and is connect with external initiator by conducting wire；The cylinder top is equipped with stopple, is full of aqueous medium in the cylinder；The present invention overcomes the installation problems that arbitrariness is also big, explosion precision is not high in explosive position in traditional presplit blasting, it is ensured that the integrity degree of presplit blasting contour line.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blasting engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling for excavation of foundation pit
Device.
Background technology
Presplit blasting is answered extensively in the engineerings such as the Shockproof damping of underground excavation project, slope treatment and large-scale explosion
With.Presplit blasting refers to when carrying out rock excavation, and first producing one in the forward position design profile line of the areas Zhu Bao explosion has centainly
The through crack of width controls it to the destroying infection for retaining rock mass, is allowed to obtain to buffer, reflect the vibration wave of Excavation blasting
Obtain more smooth outline excavation.Presplit blasting is not only excavated in vertical, inclination and is used widely on wall surface；In the song of rule
Face, warp surface and horizontal foundation plane etc. also use presplit blasting.
At present mainly using series connection spaced loading structure in presplit blasting, according to the big of the linear charging density of regulation
It is small, standard powder stick or the small medicine coil voluntarily restructured are banded on primacord at a certain distance, and is bound on bamboo chip together
Or on bamboo pole, it is put into hole.It is quick-fried to eventually affect presplitting the problem is that the position installed is difficult to accurately control in implementing for it
Broken effect.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit, and detonator and explosive setting are existed
In the middle part of sealed cylindrical so that explosive is in the center of blasthole, has accurately controlled explosive effect, while cylinder interior is full of water
Medium reduces Blasting shock wave pressure peak, reduces the destruction to shot rock, it is ensured that the integrity degree of contour line.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit includes the branch of sealed cylindrical and setting within the barrel
Bar, bottom cushion, electric detonator and several by the concatenated blasting charge of primacord, the bottom cushion is mounted on the bottom of cylinder
Portion, strut are embedded in inside bottom cushion and are fixed on cylinder center position, and the blasting charge is fixed on strut, electronics thunder
Pipe is fixed together with a certain blasting charge therein, and is connect with external initiator by conducting wire；The cylinder top
Stopple is installed, is full of aqueous medium in the cylinder.
Further, the strut is iron wire, is embedded in inside bottom cushion.
Further, cylinder is made of PVC material.
Further, the top of sealed cylindrical is provided with stopple, realizes inner sealing.
Further, the stopple is part pyramid like configuration made of rubber.
Further, bottom cushion is made of expandable polystyrene is foam-formed.
Further, the conducting wire of detonator is pierced by by the through-hole in the middle part of stopple.
Further, bottom cushion is provided centrally with mounting hole, and strut is mounted on mounting hole.
The advantageous effects that the present invention has are as follows：
1, the present invention is provided with powder charge cylinder in blasthole, and explosive is arranged on the center line of cylinder, and the outer diameter of cylinder
It is close with blasthole internal diameter, it is ensured that explosive is on the center of blasthole in installation and blast process, and then overcomes biography
Unite installation the problem that arbitrariness is also big, explosion precision is not high in explosive position in presplit blasting, it is ensured that presplit blasting contour line it is complete
Whole degree.
2, the present invention is provided with bottom cushion in the bottom of powder charge cylinder, and can change bottom cushion as needed
Highly, the requirement to blasthole difference elevation parameter in blasting engineering has been adapted to, while the bottom cushion is made of foam, to fried
Medicine explodes into row buffering, plays protective effect of the protection to explosion contour line.
3, cylinder of the present invention is filled with aqueous medium in inside simultaneously using sealing structure, during explosive charge, reduces
Blasting shock wave pressure peak reduces the destruction to shot rock, it is ensured that the integrity degree of contour line；Aqueous medium may be used also simultaneously
To serve as filler, blasthole is blocked, the loss of explosive energy is reduced, and prevents from brewing accident in explosion construction.
4, stopple of the invention is provided centrally with through-hole, the centrally disposed mounting hole of bottom cushion, one end installation of strut
On mounting hole, the other end passes through the through-hole at stopple center, ensures that strut is on the center line of cylinder, finally ensures
Explosive is in the center of cylinder, improves the precision of presplit blasting, and with simple in structure, extensive easy to implement
The characteristics of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is presplit blasting system theory of constitution schematic diagram of the present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2 presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling devices of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is means for loading of the present invention scheme of installation in presplit blasting blasthole；
Reference numeral is as follows：
1-strut；2-electric detonators；3-aqueous mediums；4-the blastings charge；5-primacords；6-cylinders；7-stopples；9—
Conducting wire；10-blastholes；11-quick-fried the hearts；12-the areas Zhu Bao；13-contour lines；14-rocks；15-bottom cushions；16-through-holes；
20-means for loadings；21-initiators.
Specific implementation mode
One, presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling system and device
As shown in Figure 1, presplit blasting is to bore tier hole 10 on shot rock 14, means for loading 20 is arranged in blasthole 10
Inside, using Uncoincided charge mode, initiator 21 ignites internal electronics thunder before 12 explosion of the areas Zhu Bao where the quick-fried heart 11
Pipe, detonate this row's means for loading, and rock 14 is made to be broken at excavation face, forms the contour line 13 in neat perforation crack.
In order to realize that the effect of presplit blasting is accurately controlled, and obtain ideal explosion contour line, the structure of this patent
Want to overcome the mode of traditional random powder charge, and use the charge constitution of careful design, it is ensured that setting of the explosive in blasthole
Position carries out explosion, while reducing the impact crest value of explosion, is protected to hole wall.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, means for loading of the invention includes sealed cylindrical 6 and the strut 1 being arranged in cylinder 6, bottom
Bed course 15, electric detonator 2 and several are by the blasting charge 4 that primacord 5 is string-like, and the dose of the blasting charge 4 is according to theoretical calculation
It accurately controls, wherein electric detonator 2 is fixed together with a certain blasting charge 4 therein, and passes through conducting wire 9 and external detonation
Device connects；Coupled by primacord 5 between the blasting charge 4 and the blasting charge 4, the purpose is to ensure the blasting charge 4 wherein by thunder
After pipe is ignited, the explosion of other blastings charge 4 can be reliably ignited.
Bottom cushion 15 is mounted on the bottom of cylinder 6, and strut 1 is embedded in 15 inside of bottom cushion and is fixed on cylinder center
Position, the blasting charge are fixed on strut, it can be ensured that and explosive is in the position of center line of cylinder 6, and in implementing, cylinder 6
Outer diameter be less than 10 internal diameter 5-10mm of blasthole, and cylinder 6 is placed on the center of blasthole 10, it can be ensured that every blasting charge 4 from
The centerline of blasthole 10 starts to detonate, to be accurately controlled to presplitting effect.
In order to reduce the destruction to blasthole palisades, stopple 7 is arranged in the top of cylinder 6 of the present invention, and rubber system can be used in stopple 7
At part pyramid like configuration, be pressed on the top of cylinder 6.Stopple 7 is provided centrally with through-hole 16, and the conducting wire 9 of electric detonator 2 is logical
The through-hole 16 for crossing stopple 7 is pierced by, and the inner sealing of cylinder 6 is realized under the action of extruding force.
6 inner filling water medium 3 of cylinder, can reduce the initial peak pressure of explosion wave, extend the effect of shock wave
Time reduces the destruction to palisades, it is ensured that retains the stability of palisades, while aqueous medium 3 can function as filler, blocks big gun
The loss of explosive energy is reduced in hole, and accident is brewed in preventing explosion from constructing.
The bottom of cylinder 6 is provided with bottom cushion 15, and can change the thickness of bottom cushion 15 as needed, adapts to
Requirement in blasting engineering to blasthole difference elevation parameter, while the bottom cushion 15 is made of foam, to explosive charge
Into row buffering, the destruction to palisades is reduced, plays protective effect of the protection to explosion contour line.
Cylinder 6 uses PVC circular tube structures, itself also has partial buffer effect, bottom cushion 15 to be fixed on the bottom of cylinder 6
The middle part in portion, bottom cushion 15 is provided with mounting hole, and strut 1 is fixed in the mounting hole, it is ensured that it is in the centre bit of cylinder 6
It sets.Bottom cushion 15 can be used that expandable polystyrene is foam-formed to be made, and iron wire can be used in strut 1, and lower end is inserted directly into simultaneously
It is fixed in the middle part of foam, upper end then passes through the central through hole 16 of stopple 8, is limited up and down, it is ensured that the essence of fixed position
Degree.
Two, presplit blasting parameter designing
The explosion time difference, blast hole parameter, the not coefficient of coup, pitch of holes coefficient, powder charge ginseng are mainly considered in presplit blasting design
Number etc..
(1) the explosion time difference
As soon as theory analysis shows that the pre- ceasma detonating delay time of row is shorter with engineering practice, presplitting effect is better.This patent
The blasthole just arranged is carried out while being detonated using digital electric detonator, detonating delay time is close to zero, and general Nonel detonator
The time difference is difficult to control, typically at least in several milliseconds.At present digital electric detonator can be impregnated in aqueous medium 10 hours or so and
Still reliable to ignite.
(2) blast hole parameter
Blasthole diameter is two kinds of 90mm, 120mm.Blast hole depth, that is, presplitting bottom hole should reach excavation pit layer under normal circumstances
Bottom elevation.Presplitting hole depth rate bottom hole of the present invention wants 1.0~2.0m of ultra-deep.If this ultra-deep does not permit the destruction of basement rock for engineering
Perhaps, then it should properly increase bottom hole elevation or bottom hole elevation is constant, and the not blasting charge at 0.5~1m of hole bottom.The present invention is then
By changing 15 thickness of bottom cushion of 6 bottom of cylinder, requirement in this respect is simply met very much.
(3) not coefficient of coup ξ
When presplit blasting, to make rock mass crack and so that palisades is wrecked, it is desirable to which shock is in hole wall
On radial pressure to be less than the compressive ultimate strength of rock mass, and the tangential tensile stress thus derived from will be more than then the anti-of rock mass
Tensile strength.This is easier to reach for some fragile materials such as rock, concrete.The pressure resistance of usual rock
Degree is 10~100MPa or more, and tensile strength is much lower, is less than its 1/10, this is just to meet above-mentioned requirements, is carried
Advantageous condition is supplied.
Under normal circumstances, when explosive charge pack surface shock wave pressure peak value, up to 1000MPa or more, this
Numerical value is considerably beyond the compression strength of rock, and therefore, the rock mass around pack is crushed to powdery, in order to mitigate effect
In the pressure on palisades, other than using low brisance, low explosive, it is still necessary to take decoupling charge structure, i.e. blasthole straight
Diameter D is greater than powder stick diameter d.The definition of coefficient of coup ξ is not ξ=D/d.Because of D >=d, therefore always there is ξ >=1.The coefficient of coup can not
It is determined with following empirical formula：
ξ=1+18.32 σ-0.26, in formula, σ is rock compressive ultimate strength, is equal to 105Pa.In the parameter designing of the present invention
Take ξ=2~4, i.e. D=(2~4) d.
(4) pitch of holes coefficient
Pitch of holes coefficient E is the ratio of pitch-row a and blasthole diameter D, i.e.,
E=a/D
Pitch-row a and pitch of holes coefficient E is the important parameter of presplit blasting.If only from improve construction efficiency for, choose compared with
Big pitch-row can reduce presplitting hole drill hole number, but this will be such that dynamite quantity per hole increases, it cannot be guaranteed that presplitting wall surface smooth and
Retain the complete of basement rock.Theoretical research is proved with engineering practice, using small pitch, the method for dispersion powder charge, presplit blasting
Effect is relatively good.
When the timing of d mono-, in the range of ξ=2~4, if a and D are increased in proportion to, necessarily cause under presplitting quality
Drop；In other words, certain presplitting quality is kept, it is smooth especially for important engine request presplitting wall surface with the increase of D
When spending high, smaller E values should be used.The present invention pitch of holes coefficient E=7~12, and between contour line and blasthole line away from
From the half that L is about pitch-row a.
(5) data of explosive filled
Linear charging density generally takes 250~400g/m3, charge structure, which uses, to be disperseed on the form fixed value strut of powder stick,
The adjacent spacing b for disperseing powder stick is not more than the gap distance 50cm of powder stick.In view of the clamping action of bottom hole, bottom pack should add
Strong equivalent, about the 2~5 of middle and upper part linear charging density times.Not powder charge in depth away from aperture 1m or so when powder charge, can pass through tune
The pack of section the top is realized at a distance from barrel top.
Test of many times verification result shows：Means for loading and the explosive parameters design of the present invention, realizes precracking micro-
Slit width is more than 1.0cm in weathered granite, and slit width reaches 1.5cm or more in middle weathered granite rock, and surveys vibration ginseng
Number improves 30% than the means for loading effectiveness in vibration suppression of anhydrous medium, and the irregularity degree after pre- broken face excavates is less than 5cm, and super deficient rate is
Within positive and negative 5cm, blasthole trace retention rate on pre- broken face should be not less than 90%, and blasthole nearby rock do not occur it is serious quick-fried
Rupture gap.Effective protection of the present invention palisades and stability of slope, can be used for the foundation pits such as City Subway Station foundation pit Blasting Excavation
Presplit blasting reaches damping and protects the double effects of palisades.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Exist including sealed cylindrical and setting
Strut, bottom cushion, electric detonator in cylinder and several by the concatenated blasting charge of primacord, bottom cushion installation
In the bottom of cylinder, strut is embedded in inside bottom cushion and is fixed on cylinder center position, and the blasting charge is fixed on branch
On bar, electric detonator is fixed together with a certain blasting charge therein, and is connect with external initiator by conducting wire；It is described
Cylinder top stopple is installed, aqueous medium is full of in the cylinder.
2. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 1 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Described
Strut is iron wire, is embedded in inside bottom cushion.
3. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 1 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Cylinder is adopted
It is made of PVC material.
4. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 1 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Sealing circle
The top of cylinder is provided with stopple, realizes inner sealing.
5. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 4 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Described
Stopple is part pyramid like configuration made of rubber.
6. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 1 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：It pads bottom
Layer is made of expandable polystyrene is foam-formed.
7. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 6 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：Detonator
Conducting wire is pierced by by the through-hole in the middle part of stopple.
8. the presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device according to claim 1 for excavation of foundation pit, it is characterised in that：It pads bottom
Layer is provided centrally with mounting hole, and strut is mounted on mounting hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810466161.8A CN108426494A (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810466161.8A CN108426494A (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108426494A true CN108426494A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
Family
ID=63163402
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810466161.8A Pending CN108426494A (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | A kind of presplit blasting blast hole projectile filling device for excavation of foundation pit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110530214A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-03 | 北方***科技有限公司 | A kind of process units of the efficient powder charge equipment of presplit blasting |
| CN110823032A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Presplitting blasting multi-density adjusting charging structure and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110530214A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-03 | 北方***科技有限公司 | A kind of process units of the efficient powder charge equipment of presplit blasting |
| CN110530214B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-08-04 | 北方***科技有限公司 | Production device of presplitting blasting efficient explosive loading equipment |
| CN110823032A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Presplitting blasting multi-density adjusting charging structure and method |
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