CN108425356A - A kind of Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method based on in-situ testing technique - Google Patents
A kind of Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method based on in-situ testing technique Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
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Abstract
A kind of Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method based on in-situ testing technique excavates submerging test and tests pits；Do three intersecting straight lines in hole bottom；Multiple punctuates are set on each straight line；Distance between adjacent punctuate is not less than 1m；The embedded hole depth at two punctuates in same punctuate group is identical；Most shallow embedding apertured depth is deeper than the depth of most buried apertured on straight line on Article 2 straight line, and the depth of most shallow embedding apertured is deeper than the depth of most buried apertured on Article 2 straight line on Article 3 straight line；It is spaced in the embedded hole of same straight line and buries TRD soil moisture meters probe and sedimentation plate, be all provided with mark post in embedded hole, sight gauge is respectively mounted on mark post；It tests pits two fixed observer points of peripheral hardware；The initial elevation of all sedimentation plates is measured, the initial aqueous rate for interior each depth of testing pits is measured；It tests pits interior immersion；The soil body is obtained by water-soaked time and soil body saturated yielding initial time；The difference of the two is the index of quantitative assessment loess foundation saturated yielding sensibility.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Assessment of loess collapsibility technical fields, and it is quick to be related to a kind of Loess Collapsibility based on in-situ testing technique
Perceptual evaluation method obtains associated technical parameters by submerging test method in situ, evaluates Loess Collapsibility sensibility.
Background technology
The saturated yielding sensibility of loess is that the difficulty or ease of Collapsing Deformation and referring to for speed degree occur after by water-soaked for reflection loess
Mark.Saturated yielding sensibility is stronger, and the risk that accident occurs after loess chance water-soaked is bigger, and vice versa.Therefore, in evaluation loess
When collapsibility, in addition to considering saturated yielding amount size, its saturated yielding sensibility should be also evaluated, to select more rational basement process to arrange
It applies or design scheme.Currently, domestic academic and engineering not yet form unification to how to evaluate Loess Collapsibility sensibility in practice
Standard, wherein quantitatively judge Loess Collapsibility sensibility method mainly have K ' value methods（The saturation gravity pressure of the overlying soil body/wet
Fall into initial pressure）、K0Value method（β0Δ, zs /Δzs）Etc., it is mainly certain measured by laboratory test to sum up its principle
Then a little parameters acquire saturated yielding sensibility index, and then saturated yielding sensibility are divided into several grades by certain standard.It is external
Then rarely seen similar document report.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method based on in-situ testing technique, by existing
The method of field submerging test obtains associated technical parameters, and then evaluates Loess Collapsibility sensibility.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of loess based on in-situ testing technique is wet
Sensitivity evaluation method is fallen into, is specifically carried out according to the following steps：
1）Submerging test is excavated in trial zone to test pits；
2）Submerging test test pits hole bottom surface do three straight lines in the horizontal plane, which tests pits in submerging test
Horizontal plane and submerging test where the bottom surface of hole are tested pits the intersection point of central shaft, and six central angles which forms are equal；
3）Multiple punctuates are respectively provided on every straight line, the punctuate on same straight line is distributed in the both sides of intersection point, and same
The quantity of punctuate is even number on straight line；On same straight line between two neighboring punctuate in multiple punctuates of intersection point the same side
Distance be not less than 1m；On same straight line the distance between intersection point and the punctuate adjacent with intersection point with it is two neighboring on the straight line
The distance between punctuate is equal；On same straight line, two punctuates adjacent from first punctuate of the straight line one end be one
A punctuate group；
4）It drills in the position where each punctuate, obtains multiple embedded holes；It is drilled out at two punctuates in same punctuate group
The depth in embedded hole is identical, and the depth difference 1 in the embedded hole drilled out at the punctuate of two neighboring punctuate group on same straight line
~2m；Deep 1~the 2m of the depth in the depth embedded hole most deeper than on straight line in most shallow embedded hole on Article 2 straight line, the
Deep 1~the 2m of the depth in the depth in the most shallow embedded hole embedded hole most deeper than on Article 2 straight line on three straight lines；
5）TRD soil moisture meters probe and sedimentation are buried in two embedded holes in the same punctuate group of same straight line respectively
Plate, and institute's inbuilt TRD soil moisture meters probe interval is arranged on same straight line, the inbuilt sedimentation plate of institute is also spaced on the straight line
Setting；Then, it is respectively provided with a mark post in each embedded hole, a sight gauge is respectively mounted on every mark post；
6）Submerging test test pits it is outer set up two fixed observer points, each fixed observer point and submerging test test pits hole side away from
From not less than 50m；
7）The reading that all TDR soil moisture meters probes are passed through into coaxial wire and the TDR soil moisture meters for being placed on ground
Number instrument is connected；
8）The initial elevations that all sedimentation plates are measured with spirit level, be used in combination TDR soil moisture instrument measure submerging test test pits it is interior each
The initial aqueous rate of depth；
9）It tests pits and soaks to submerging test, observe the variation of each point sedimentation and deformation and volume of aqueous rate score in real time, obtain
Submerging test tests pits the interior soil body by water-soaked time T1 and soil body saturated yielding initial time T2；
10）Time difference of the soil body between by water-soaked time T1 and soil body saturated yielding initial time T2As quantitative assessment
The index of loess foundation saturated yielding sensibility；Bigger, loess self-collapsibility sensibility is weaker,Smaller, loess self-collapsibility is quick
Perception is stronger.
Evaluation method of the present invention is to lay settlement observation system and moisture original by being layered in submerging test of testing pits at the scene
Bit test system, with time difference quantitative assessment loess of the loess of field measurement between by water-soaked time and saturated yielding initial time
Saturated yielding sensibility.Interval time of the loess between by water-soaked time and saturated yielding initial time is shorter, shows loess self-collapsibility
Sensibility is stronger, and the two interval time is longer, shows that Loess Collapsibility sensibility is weaker.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the signal of interior done three straight lines for intersecting at O points of testing pits in submerging test in evaluation method of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the embedded hole depth being drilled in first straight line in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the first typical volumetric water content with soaking time change curve.
Fig. 4 is second of typical volumetric water content with soaking time change curve.
Fig. 5 be submerging test test pits the vertical diffusion rate of middle moisture with depth change curve.
In figure：1. first straight line, 2. second straight lines, 3. third straight lines, 4. punctuates, 5.TRD soil moisture meters probe, 6. is heavy
Plate drops.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Loess sinks under certain pressure effect stablize after, by water-soaked structure destroy rapidly and generate it is significantly additional sink
Property, referred to as collapsibility.Collapsibility is one of most typical special engineering property of loess, is had to the engineering of building on it
Great influence.But it often can be seen in Practical Project, the loess foundation with identical saturated yielding type and saturated yielding grade, some places are met
Rapid saturated yielding after wet, and some places need to soak and be lot more time to generate saturated yielding, the reason is that the saturated yielding sensibility of loess is not
Together, the saturated yielding sensibility of loess reflects the difficulty or ease and speed degree that Collapsing Deformation occurs after by water-soaked for loess, is that evaluation is yellow
Native saturated yielding endangers one of important indicator of size.Saturated yielding sensibility is stronger, and the risk that accident occurs after loess chance water-soaked is got over
Greatly, vice versa.Therefore, when evaluating collapsibility of loess, other than considering the size of saturated yielding amount, its saturated yielding sensitivity should also be evaluated
Property, to select more rational measures of foundation treatment or design scheme.
Currently, evaluation Loess Collapsibility sensibility is mainly the certain parameters measured by laboratory test, saturated yielding is then acquired
Sensibility index, and then saturated yielding sensibility is divided into several grades by certain standard.External then rarely seen similar document report.
But for laboratory test due to being influenced by immersion condition, deformation condition and live physical presence objective difference, evaluation result is inadequate
Accurately and reliably.Past due to being restricted by moisture in-situ testing technique and various objective factors, only in Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi
Etc. ground carried out fragmentary loess foundation immersion Infiltration Law in terms of live in-situ test, and test objective, scale, field
Ground condition is different, and the data of accumulation is than relatively limited.By infiltrating between cutting edge of a knife or a sword arrival time and self-collapsibility time of origin
There is not yet pertinent literature is reported in terms of relationship evaluates Loess Collapsibility sensibility.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of sides by live submerging test
Method obtains associated technical parameters, and then the method for evaluating Loess Collapsibility sensibility, the evaluation method specifically carry out according to the following steps：
1）Submerging test is excavated in trial zone to test pits, submerging test tests pits the distance between bottom surface and original ground as 0.5m, soaks
The diameter tested pits is not less than 10m and is not less than collapsible loess layer thickness；
2）Three straight lines, i.e. first straight line 1, second straight line 2 and third straight line 3 are done in the horizontal plane in immersion bottom surface of testing pits；
For three straight line intersections in center O of testing pits, six central angles which forms are equal；As shown in Figure 1；
3）Multiple layered settlement observation punctuates 4 are respectively provided on every straight line, two settlement observation staffs are arranged in each depth simultaneously
Point is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of intersection point O on same straight line；On same straight line in multiple punctuates 4 of the same sides intersection point O
The distance between two neighboring punctuate 4 L is not less than 1m；On same straight line between intersection point O and the punctuate 4 adjacent with intersection point O
Distance is equal with the distance between two neighboring punctuate 4 on the straight line；First mark on same straight line, from the straight line one end
4 adjacent two punctuates 4 of point are a punctuate group；
Punctuate quantity is according to collapsible loess layer thickness（The depth that need to test）It determines, punctuate quantity is the depth that need to be tested
Twice, two punctuates are arranged in each test depth, and all punctuates are evenly distributed on the straight line of three intersections.
4）It drills in the position where each punctuate 4, obtains multiple embedded holes；At two punctuates 4 in same punctuate group
The depth in the embedded hole drilled out is identical, and the depth in the embedded hole drilled out at the punctuate 4 of two neighboring punctuate group on same straight line
Degree 1~2m of difference, i.e., than first punctuate of depth in the embedded hole being drilled at the punctuate 4 of second punctuate group on same straight line
Deep 1~the 2m of the depth in embedded hole being drilled at the punctuate 4 of group, what is be drilled at the punctuate 4 of third punctuate group on the straight line buries
The depth in hole is deeper 1~2m than the depth in the embedded hole being drilled at the punctuate 4 of second punctuate group, as shown in Figure 2；Article 2 straight line
On most shallow embedded hole the depth embedded hole most deeper than on straight line the deep 1~2m of depth, it is most shallow on Article 3 straight line
Embedded hole the depth embedded hole most deeper than on Article 2 straight line the deep 1~2m of depth；
5）TRD soil moisture meters probe 5 is buried in two embedded holes in the same punctuate group of same straight line respectively and is sunk
It drops plate 6, i.e., buries TRD soil moisture meters probe 5 in the embedded hole in two embedded holes in same punctuate group, then it is another
Sedimentation plate 6 is buried in a embedded hole；And inbuilt 5 interval of TRD soil moisture meters probe of institute is arranged on same straight line, on the straight line
The inbuilt 6 also interval setting of sedimentation plate of institute, is shown in Fig. 1；It is respectively provided with a mark post in each embedded hole, is respectively mounted on every mark post
A piece sight gauge；
6）Two fixed observer points are set up outside submerging test is tested pits（The two fixed observer points are arbitrarily set up, this two
The position of observation point is can observe the sight gauge on all mark posts as criterion）, each fixed observer point tests pits with submerging test
The distance for cheating side is not less than 50m；
7）By all TDR soil moisture meters 5 readings by coaxial wire and the TDR soil moisture meters for being placed on ground of probe
Number instrument is connected；
8）The initial elevations that all sedimentation plates 6 are measured with spirit level, be used in combination TDR soil moisture instrument measure submerging test test pits it is interior each
The initial aqueous rate of depth；
9）Start to soak, observe the variation of each point sedimentation and deformation and volume of aqueous rate score at any time, obtains volumetric water content variation
Time and Collapsing Deformation time started obtain submerging test and test pits the interior soil body when being originated by water-soaked time T1 and the soil body saturated yielding
Between T2；
10）Time difference of the soil body between by water-soaked time T1 and soil body saturated yielding initial time T2（=T2-T1,
Unit：It）Index as quantitative assessment loess foundation saturated yielding sensibility.
It is bigger, show that loess self-collapsibility sensibility is weaker,It is smaller, show that loess self-collapsibility sensibility is stronger.
TDR soil moisture meters probe 5 can at dynamically recording measuring point volumetric soil water content situation of change, accordingly can be with
Analysis loess ground Infiltration process.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is two kinds of typical volumetric water contents with soaking time change curve.From
Self-weight collapse loess volumetric water content can generally be undergone with the change curve of soaking time during Fig. 3 can be seen that immersion
Stablize constant it is-steep to increase-continue to be slowly increased-be reduced rapidly-slowly reduce five stages.Wherein stablize constant phase stands infiltration
Sharp side not yet reaches measuring point position, and soil moisture content not yet changes in native state；Curve increases representative infiltration suddenly
Sharp side reaches test point, and soil moisture content increases rapidly（But it is not yet saturated）；Moisture content continue slowly increase reflect the soil body by
Moisture content begins to increase to the process for reaching saturation；And volumetric(al) moisture content rapidly reduces, it is meant that soil structures are destroyed, yellow
Soil takes place self-weight collapsible deformation, thus the time point can look at be loess saturated yielding initial time.Moisture content continues slow
Reduce, represent the gradual consolidation of the soil body, void ratio further decreases until the process stablized.Volumetric water content shown in Fig. 4
With soaking time change curve unlike Fig. 3, after immersion makes soil body volumetric water content increase to maximum value, entirely soaking
All-the-time stable does not occur in this state since soil body densification, void ratio reduce and lead to soil body volumetric water content in the process
The stage of reduction shows that self-weight collapsible deformation does not occur for the soil body of soil moisture meter probe position, that is to say, that should
Point loess does not have self-weight collapsible.Therefore, curve is changed over time by volumetric water content, not only may determine that soil moisture content
Change procedure, obtain the soil body in ground also can be judged whether the soil body occurs self-weight collapsible deformation indirectly by water-soaked time T1
And soil body saturated yielding initial time T2.The time needed for Infiltration to different depth obtained accordingly, it is shown in Table 1.
1 moisture of table vertically infiltrates the time
As it can be seen from table 1 for unsaturated intact loess, infiltrated from earth's surface immersion, the soil body is reached from infiltration sharp side（It is aqueous
Rate starts to increase）Reach maximum value to moisture content and need a period of time, and this time is as the increase of soil body buried depth is in increasing
Add trend.
Submerging test is tested pits the relationship of interior loess foundation Infiltration and saturated yielding initial time during immersion, is shown in Table 2.
The relationship of table 2 Infiltration and saturated yielding initial time
From table 2 it can be seen that although the variation of different depth loess volumetric water content and Collapsing Deformation are due to experimental condition and soil layer
The influence of inhomogeneities shows certain difference, but in general, the variation of volumetric water content and the hair of self-weight collapsible deformation
There is close relationship：Superficial part loess formation, Collapsing Deformation, such as buried depth will occur for the soil body after Infiltration very short time
The soil layer of 0.5m and 2.5m begins to that Collapsing Deformation occurs on the day of moisture reaches；But the following soil layers of buried depth 4m, saturated yielding starting
Time always lags behind infiltration cutting edge of a knife or a sword 1~4d of arrival time.General trend is that collapsibility is stronger, and self-collapsibility sensibility is also opposite
It is larger, illustrate that Loess Collapsibility sensibility has certain correlation with saturated yielding degree.
It is not that saturation state is fully achieved just to take place that Integrated comparative Tables 1 and 2, which can be seen that self-weight collapse loess,
Deformation, but after the soil body is humidified to a certain extent, i.e. the corresponding deformation that is humidified of generation, Collapsing Deformation is to be humidified to deform gradually to add up
As a result, only in some wetting phase, moisture content increase causes soil structure to be destroyed rapidly, and Collapsing Deformation shows certain prominent
Hair property.
Often it can be seen that the loess foundation with identical saturated yielding type and saturated yielding grade in Practical Project.Some loess foundations are met
Rapid saturated yielding after wet, and some loess foundations need to soak and be lot more time to generate saturated yielding.Trace it to its cause is because of the wet of loess
It is different to fall into sensibility, the saturated yielding sensibility of loess reflects Collapsing Deformation occurs after by water-soaked for loess difficulty or ease and speed journey
Degree is that evaluation Loess Collapsibility endangers one of important indicator of size.Saturated yielding sensibility is stronger, and after meeting water-soaked accident occurs for loess
Risk it is bigger, vice versa.Therefore, it when evaluating collapsibility of loess, other than considering the size of saturated yielding amount, should also evaluate
Its saturated yielding sensibility, to select more rational measures of foundation treatment or design scheme.
The factor for influencing Loess Collapsibility sensibility is more, and main includes the contact arrangement knot between cement type, particle
The physical indexs such as structure, water content, plasticity index, infiltration coefficient.The side of loess foundation saturated yielding sensibility is just evaluated in the prior art
From the point of view of method, still pass of the soil body between by water-soaked time and saturated yielding initial time is surveyed not over live submerging test both at home and abroad
The method and the document report in terms of evaluation criterion of system's evaluation Loess Collapsibility sensibility.
Evaluation method of the present invention can detect in real time and the dynamic change rule of objective reaction loess foundation moisture field and deformation field
Rule, wherein loess are directly reflected loess by the time interval of water-soaked time and saturated yielding initial time between the two and meet water-soaked
The speed and complexity of saturated yielding occur afterwards, the two interval time is shorter, shows that loess self-collapsibility sensibility is stronger, between the two
It is longer every the time, show that Loess Collapsibility sensibility is weaker, explicit physical meaning complies fully with determining for Loess Collapsibility sensibility
Justice.Therefore, actual measurement obtains loess on the basis of by water-soaked time and saturated yielding initial time at the scene, can be loess by water logging
Wet time T1With saturated yielding initial time T2Between time difference（= T2- T1, unit：d）As quantitative assessment loess foundation
The index of saturated yielding sensibility.It is bigger, show that loess self-collapsibility sensibility is weaker,It is smaller, show that loess self-collapsibility is quick
Perception is stronger.This method explicit physical meaning, evaluation result meet engineering reality, have realistic meaning to solving engineering problem.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method based on in-situ testing technique, which is characterized in that the evaluation method is specific
It carries out according to the following steps：
1）Submerging test is excavated in trial zone to test pits；
2）Submerging test test pits hole bottom surface do three straight lines in the horizontal plane, which tests pits in submerging test
Horizontal plane and submerging test where the bottom surface of hole are tested pits the intersection point of central shaft, and six central angles which forms are equal；
3）Multiple punctuates are respectively provided on every straight line（4）, the punctuate on same straight line（4）The both sides of intersection point are distributed in, and
Punctuate on same straight line（4）Quantity be even number；It is located at multiple punctuates of intersection point the same side on same straight line（4）In it is adjacent
Two punctuates（4）The distance between be not less than 1m；Intersection point and the punctuate adjacent with intersection point on same straight line（4）The distance between
With two neighboring punctuate on the straight line（4）The distance between it is equal；First punctuate on same straight line, from the straight line one end
（4）Play two adjacent punctuates（4）For a punctuate group；
4）In each punctuate（4）The position at place drills, and obtains multiple embedded holes；Two punctuates in same punctuate group（4）Place
The depth in the embedded hole drilled out is identical, and on same straight line two neighboring punctuate group punctuate（4）The embedded hole that place drills out
Depth differs 1~2m；The depth in the depth embedded hole most deeper than on straight line in most shallow embedded hole on Article 2 straight line
Deep 1~2m, the depth deep 1 in the depth embedded hole most deeper than on Article 2 straight line in most shallow embedded hole on Article 3 straight line~
2m；
5）TRD soil moisture meter probes are buried in two embedded holes in the same punctuate group of same straight line respectively（5）With
Settle plate（6）, and the inbuilt TRD soil moisture meters probe of institute on same straight line（5）Interval is arranged, and institute is inbuilt heavy on the straight line
Plate drops（6）Also interval setting；Then, it is respectively provided with a mark post in each embedded hole, an observation is respectively mounted on every mark post
Ruler；
6）Submerging test test pits it is outer set up two fixed observer points, each fixed observer point and submerging test test pits hole side away from
From not less than 50m；
7）All TDR soil moisture meters are popped one's head in（5）Pass through coaxial wire and the TDR soil moisture meters for being placed on ground
Readout instrument is connected；
8）All sedimentation plates are measured with spirit level（6）Initial elevation, be used in combination TDR soil moisture instrument to measure in submerging test tests pits
The initial aqueous rate of each depth；
9）It tests pits and soaks to submerging test, observe the variation of each point sedimentation and deformation and volume of aqueous rate score in real time, obtain
Submerging test tests pits the interior soil body by water-soaked time T1 and soil body saturated yielding initial time T2；
10）Time difference of the soil body between by water-soaked time T1 and soil body saturated yielding initial time T2As quantitative assessment Huang
The index of native damp sink of foundation sensibility；Bigger, loess self-collapsibility sensibility is weaker,Smaller, loess self-collapsibility is sensitive
Property is stronger.
2. the Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method according to claim 1 based on in-situ testing technique, which is characterized in that
The step 1）In, submerging test tests pits the distance between bottom surface and original ground as 0.5m, and the diameter that submerging test is tested pits is not small
In 10m and it is not less than collapsible loess layer thickness.
3. the Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method according to claim 1 based on in-situ testing technique, which is characterized in that
The step 3）In, punctuate quantity is need test depth twice, and two punctuates, and all punctuates is arranged in each test depth
It is evenly distributed on the straight line of three intersections.
4. the Loess Collapsibility sensitivity evaluation method according to claim 1 based on in-situ testing technique, which is characterized in that
The step 10）In, whenWhen≤2d, Loess Collapsibility sensibility is strong；As 2d ＜When≤6d, in Loess Collapsibility sensibility；WhenWhen ＞ 6d, Loess Collapsibility sensibility is weak.
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| CN114859016A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 西安理工大学 | Loess collapsibility test method |
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| CN113391053A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-14 | 西部建筑抗震勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Evaluation method for collapsibility of loess foundation |
| CN113391054A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-14 | 西部建筑抗震勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Loess collapsibility evaluation method |
| CN114859016A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 西安理工大学 | Loess collapsibility test method |
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