CN108423799B - Biological carrier for biological filter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological carrier for biological filter and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108423799B CN108423799B CN201810269021.1A CN201810269021A CN108423799B CN 108423799 B CN108423799 B CN 108423799B CN 201810269021 A CN201810269021 A CN 201810269021A CN 108423799 B CN108423799 B CN 108423799B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
- C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological carrier for a biological filter and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the biological carrier comprises the steps of dispersing building garbage particles in an aqueous solution containing a hydrothermal carbon source, carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction for 0.5-24 hours at 120-300 ℃ in the presence of a catalyst, and washing and drying the obtained product to obtain the biological carrier. The biological carrier provided by the invention has the advantages of high mechanical strength, large specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, strong adsorption force to a biological membrane, firm biofilm formation and the like, is suitable for the growth of microorganisms, can be used for a biological filter, and has better application potential in the field of sewage treatment; in addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, mild reaction conditions, no need of special equipment and harsh conditions, wide raw material source, low production cost, easiness in large-scale production and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biological carrier and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a biological carrier for a biological filter and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment.
Background
The biological filter has been used for biological treatment of urban sewage and industrial wastewater for over 100 years, belongs to a non-submerged solid bed biological treatment process, and has the advantages of simple operation, energy conservation and the like. The biological carrier is a core component of the biological filter, and the performance of the biological carrier directly influences the sewage treatment effect of the biological filter. At present, broken stones or plastics are usually adopted as biological carriers, wherein when the broken stones are used as the biological carriers, the load of the biological filter is lower, the occupied area is larger, the demand of the carriers is high, the specific surface area of the broken stones is small, and the attachment effect of a biological membrane is poorer; when plastic is used as a biological carrier, although the load of the biological filter is high, the consumption and price of the biological carrier are high, which causes high cost of the sewage treatment process, so that the development of the biological carrier with low price, good biomembrane adhesion performance and large specific surface area is a hot problem in the field of environmental engineering at present.
Along with the improvement of the urbanization rate of China, a large amount of construction waste is generated in the large-scale expansion and large-dismantling and large-building process of cities. At present, the garbage disposal level in China is low, and a large amount of construction garbage can have the danger of secondary pollution. Therefore, the recycling of the construction waste can solve the problem that about one third of the waste landfill occupies the land, and can reduce the risk of secondary pollution caused by city enclosing together with the household waste.
Foamed concrete, aerated concrete, perforated bricks and the like in the construction waste have the characteristics of rough surface, small density and the like, are suitable for preparing biological carriers, and currently, relevant reports that the construction waste is prepared into the biological carriers for sewage treatment exist, such as: chinese patent CN201410193782.5 discloses a method for preparing water treatment filter material with waste red brick blocks, and chinese patent CN 201610029858.X discloses a method for treating rural domestic sewage by using waste foamed concrete, which can recycle construction waste and reduce secondary pollution of construction waste, but because the construction waste has the defects of low mechanical strength, easy crushing into powder, small specific surface area, insufficient surface functional groups, and the like, which are unfavorable for microorganisms, the effect of the construction waste on sewage treatment is limited, and therefore, the performance of the construction waste needs to be modified.
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a technique of converting biomass, organic matter, etc. as raw materials into a carbon material at a certain temperature and pressure using water as a solvent and a reaction medium. The hydrothermal carbonization reaction condition is mild, the preparation process is simple, the overall treatment cost is low, the waste materials are recycled, the method has an environment-friendly concept, and the method becomes a research hotspot at present. Research shows that the hydrothermal carbon prepared by hydrothermal carbonization has the advantages of high mechanical strength, controllable specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups and the like, is suitable for microbial growth, has huge potential in the fields of pollution remediation and the like, and has related reports of the application of the relevant hydrothermal carbon to sewage treatment, such as: CN201710421554.2 discloses a method for removing crystal violet dye in water by using a sludge-based biomass hydrothermal carbon adsorbent. However, the original hydrothermal carbon prepared at present has limited adsorption capacity, and the application of the original hydrothermal carbon in the field of sewage treatment is limited.
At present, no report about the preparation of the biological carrier for the biological filter by combining the construction waste with the hydrothermal carbon is available.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a method for preparing bio-carriers for a bio-filter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a biological carrier for biological filter pool is composed of building garbage and hydrothermal carbon growing on its surface.
Preferably, the hydrothermal carbon accounts for 0.5 to 50 mass% (more preferably 1 to 10 mass%) of the biological carrier.
Preferably, the construction waste is porous, including but not limited to foamed concrete, aerated concrete, and perforated brick.
Preferably, the hydrothermal carbon is organic hydrothermal carbon, and the hydrothermal carbon source for preparing the organic hydrothermal carbon includes, but is not limited to, organic waste liquid and organic chemical raw materials.
A method for preparing the biological carrier for the biological filter comprises the following operations: firstly, uniformly mixing the construction waste particles with a hydrothermal carbon source, then carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction at 120-300 ℃ in the presence of a catalyst, and washing and drying the obtained product to obtain the biological carrier with the hydrothermal carbon growing on the surface of the construction waste.
Preferably, the construction waste particles are obtained by crushing and screening construction waste, and the particle size of the construction waste particles is 2-8 mm.
Preferably, the catalyst is at least one selected from metal oxides, acids and bases; the metal oxide is selected from at least one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal and lanthanide series metal oxide; the acid is an inorganic acid or an organic acid, and the inorganic acid includes but is not limited to: hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid; such organic acids include, but are not limited to: formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, 1, 5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, sulfinic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, valeric acid, diethylacetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, pimelic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, sulfamic acid, phenylpropionic acid, gluconic acid, ascorbic acid, nicotinic acid, isonicotinic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, and amino acids; the base is an inorganic base or an organic base, and the inorganic base includes but is not limited to: lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate; such organic bases include, but are not limited to: sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium formate, potassium formate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, N-butyllithium, ammonia, methylamine, urea, ethylamine, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, dimethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine, triethanolamine, aniline, benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, pyridine, piperidine, N-methylmorpholine, hexamethylenetetramine, phenol, aniline, 8-hydroxyquinoline, diphenylamine, benzidine, LDA (lithium diisopropylamide), KHMDS (potassium hexamethyldisilazide), NaHMDS (sodium hexamethyldisilazide).
Preferably, the amount of the catalyst is 2-10% of the total weight of the raw materials for preparing the biological carrier.
Preferably, the hydrothermal carbonization reaction time is 0.5 to 24 hours.
Preferably, the reaction pressure is 0.1-5 MPa in the reaction process.
As a preferred scheme, the mass ratio of the construction waste particles to the hydrothermal carbon source is 90: 1-1: 1.
preferably, the water content of the hydrothermal carbon source is 5-50 wt%.
Preferably, the hydrothermal carbon source is an organic raw material, including but not limited to organic waste liquid and organic chemical raw material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
the hydrothermal carbon is adopted to modify the building waste, and under the synergistic effect of the building waste and the hydrothermal carbon, the prepared biological carrier has the advantages of high mechanical strength, large specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, strong adsorption force to biological membranes, firm biofilm formation and the like, is suitable for the growth of microorganisms, can be used for a biological filter, and has strong application potential in the field of sewage treatment; in addition, the biological carrier takes the construction waste and the waste (hydrothermal carbon source) as raw materials, realizes the recycling of the construction waste and the waste, has low cost, reduces the environmental pollution, and has far-reaching significance in the aspects of energy conservation and environmental protection; in addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, mild reaction conditions, no need of special equipment and harsh conditions, wide raw material source, low production cost, easiness for large-scale production and the like, and has significant progress and industrial application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a hydrothermal carbon source used in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the bio-carrier prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the bio-carrier prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further detailed and completely explained by combining specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
Taking foamed concrete construction waste as a raw material, crushing and screening the foamed concrete construction waste into construction waste particles with the particle size of about 2-8 mm for later use;
taking an organic waste liquid generated in the production process of a certain chemical industry enterprise at home as a hydrothermal carbon source, wherein the main components of the organic waste liquid are chlorine-containing organic matters, including octachloropentacyclododecane, endosulfan II, ethyl propionate, pentachloropropane, tetrachloropropene, octachloropropane and the like (as shown in figure 1, the waste liquid is viscous and difficult to atomize and burn, the oxidation method, the adsorption method, the extraction method, the distillation method and the like of the traditional water treatment process cannot be effectively treated, if the waste liquid is treated by external transportation at a fixed point, the problem of high treatment cost exists, so that the environmental protection pressure of the enterprise is high), and adjusting the water content of the organic waste liquid to enable the water content to be about 20 wt% for later use;
dispersing the construction waste particles into organic waste liquid (the mass ratio of the construction waste particles to the organic waste liquid is 10:1), adding sodium ethoxide (catalyst) accounting for 5% of the total mass of the construction waste particles and the organic waste liquid, stirring and reacting at 180 ℃ for 12 hours, collecting a solid product, and washing and drying the collected solid to obtain the biological carrier with the hydrothermal carbon growing on the surface of the construction waste.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the bio-carrier prepared in this example, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the prepared bio-carrier is a porous structure, has a good pore volume, has the characteristics of an adsorbent, and can be used as a good bio-carrier in a biological filter.
Application example 1
The bio-carrier prepared in example 1 was used in a bio-filter, and the bio-filter was used to perform advanced treatment of raw material drum washing wastewater of the chemical plant with a treatment water amount of 10m3The overall process flow is as follows: iron carbon-Fenton-coagulation-precipitation-biological filter-membrane bioreactor.
The results show that: the biological carrier prepared in example 1 has good adhesion to microorganisms in wastewater, and a biofilter using the biological carrier has a 35% removal effect on COD in pretreated wastewater (the original data is 30%, in order to make the distinguishing effect obvious, the original effect is properly improved on the basis, and if people feel inappropriate, the effect can be changed back); under the same conditions, the biofilter using the foamed concrete building waste as the carrier in the example 1 has the effect of removing only 19% of COD in the pretreated wastewater, and the biofilter using hydrothermal carbon (prepared by carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction on the organic waste liquid at 180 ℃ for 12 hours in the example 1) as the carrier has the effect of removing only 26% of COD in the pretreated wastewater; the biological carrier prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has better sewage treatment performance under the synergistic effect of the construction waste and the hydrothermal carbon.
Example 2
Taking foamed concrete construction waste as a raw material, crushing and screening the foamed concrete construction waste into construction waste particles with the particle size of about 2-8 mm for later use;
producing 3m in the production process of Zhejiang certain chemical enterprises3The waste liquid of/d nonyl phenol polyethenoxy ether is used as a hydrothermal carbon source (the water content is 13wt percent) for standby;
dispersing the construction waste particles into the waste liquid of the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (the mass ratio of the construction waste particles to the waste liquid of the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is 12:1), adding oxalic acid (catalyst) accounting for 10% of the total mass of the construction waste particles and the waste liquid of the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, stirring and reacting for 6 hours at 160 ℃, collecting a solid product, and washing and drying the collected solid to obtain the biological carrier with the hydrothermal carbon growing on the surface of the construction waste.
Fig. 3 is a picture of the bio-carrier prepared in this example, as can be seen from fig. 3, the prepared bio-carrier has uniform particle size and good morphology structure, the hydrothermal carbon uniformly grows on the surface of the construction waste particles, the surface of the bio-carrier is analyzed to find that the bio-carrier has abundant surface functional groups and contains a large amount of functional groups such as C-H, C ═ O, S ═ O, and the specific surface area of the bio-carrier is determined to be 388m2g-1The biological carrier has large specific surface area, and the result of measuring the abrasion rate of the biological carrier shows that the abrasion rate of the biological carrier is reduced by 20 percent compared with the abrasion rate of construction waste, and the mechanical strength is obviously improved, thereby showing that the biological carrier has good adhesion to a biological membrane, is suitable for the growth of microorganisms, has high mechanical strength, and can be used as a good biological carrier for a biological filter.
Application example 2
The biological carrier prepared in the example 2 is used in a biological filter, and the biological filter is used for treating nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether wastewater of a chemical plant, wherein the wastewater treatment scale is 15m3/d。
The results show that: the biological carrier prepared in the example 2 has good adsorption to pollutants in wastewater and good biofilm formation performance, and the surface load is 0.2kgCOD/m3D, under the condition, the COD of the inlet water is 3000mg/L, and the COD of the outlet water can reach 280 mg/L; under the same conditions, the biological filter taking the foamed concrete building waste as the carrier in the embodiment 2 is adopted to treat the wastewater, the system is started slowly, the COD of the effluent can only reach about 600mg/L, the biological filter taking the hydrothermal carbon (prepared by carrying out the hydrothermal carbonization reaction on the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether waste liquid at 160 ℃ for 6 hours in the embodiment 2) as the carrier is adopted to treat the wastewater, the COD of the effluent can reach about 330mg/L, but the water quality fluctuation is large, and the microorganism attachment amount is small; illustrating the biological carrier prepared in example 2 of the present invention under the synergistic effect of the construction waste and the hydrothermal charcoalAnd has better sewage treatment performance.
In conclusion, the invention prepares the biological carrier by growing the hydrothermal carbon on the surface of the construction waste, so that the prepared biological carrier has the advantages of high mechanical strength, large specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, strong adsorption force to a biological membrane, firm biofilm formation and the like, is suitable for the growth of microorganisms, can be used for a biological filter, and has strong application potential in the field of sewage treatment; moreover, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, mild reaction conditions, no need of special equipment and harsh conditions, wide raw material source, low production cost, easiness for large-scale production and the like, and has significant progress and industrial value.
Finally, it should be pointed out here that: the above is only a part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above description are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A bio-carrier for a bio-filter, comprising: the biological carrier is composed of construction waste particles and hydrothermal carbon growing on the surface of the biological carrier, the hydrothermal carbon accounts for 0.5-50% by mass of the biological carrier, the construction waste particles are porous, the construction waste particles are obtained by crushing and screening construction waste, and the particle size of the construction waste particles is 2-8 mm.
2. The bio-carrier according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrothermal carbon is organic hydrothermal carbon.
3. A method for preparing the bio-carrier for biofilters according to claim 1, comprising the following operations: firstly, uniformly mixing the construction waste particles with a hydrothermal carbon source, then carrying out hydrothermal carbonization reaction at 120-300 ℃ in the presence of a catalyst, and washing and drying the obtained product to obtain the composite material.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the catalyst is at least one selected from metal oxides, acids and bases.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the dosage of the catalyst accounts for 2-10% of the total weight of the raw materials for preparing the biological carrier.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the hydrothermal carbon source is an organic matter raw material.
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| CN112500111B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-07 | 潍坊学院 | Method for preparing phosphorus-removing biological filter material by using autoclaved aerated concrete block waste |
| CN113976107B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-12-06 | 四川大学 | Method for preparing Mn-based composite catalyst by using organic waste liquid and application of Mn-based composite catalyst in decomposition of indoor formaldehyde |
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| CN106000303A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南农业大学 | Biological carbon prepared form grapefruit skin, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106311147A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Illite loaded nanocarbon compound adsorbing material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106000303A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南农业大学 | Biological carbon prepared form grapefruit skin, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106311147A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Illite loaded nanocarbon compound adsorbing material and preparation method thereof |
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