CN108423550A - A kind of crane - Google Patents

A kind of crane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108423550A
CN108423550A CN201711236045.9A CN201711236045A CN108423550A CN 108423550 A CN108423550 A CN 108423550A CN 201711236045 A CN201711236045 A CN 201711236045A CN 108423550 A CN108423550 A CN 108423550A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
main
valve
displacement motor
hydraulic
winch
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Granted
Application number
CN201711236045.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108423550B (en
Inventor
王江
陈懿
梁兆环
邹韬
玉誉斌
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711236045.9A priority Critical patent/CN108423550B/en
Publication of CN108423550A publication Critical patent/CN108423550A/en
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Publication of CN108423550B publication Critical patent/CN108423550B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/20Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/48Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Programme control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02Driving gear
    • B66D1/08Driving gear incorporating fluid motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of crane, including mechanical part and control section, the control section includes hydraulic system, the hydraulic control system includes PLC automatic control system, emergent manual system, changing-breadth system for driving span winch, main hoisting system for driving main hoister winch, the main hoisting system of pair for driving secondary main hoister winch, rotary system for driving swing mechanism, main motor, main pump and hydraulic oil container, the main motor drives main pump, the main pump is connected with hydraulic tank, the main oil feed line that the main pump output end is formed is by hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve respectively to changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system fuel feeding, the PLC automatic control system controls hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group;The emergent manual system includes the emergency pump set being connected with hydraulic tank and hydraulic handle, and emergency pump set controls changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system by hydraulic handle.

Description

A kind of crane
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cranes of crane, especially shipping work.
Background technology
Currently, being typically mounted on the spud leg of various ocean platform around stake formula isolated pillar crane, platform is occupied because it has Space is small, compact-sized, crane capacity is big, lifts by crane the advantages that radius is remote and is widely used.
Include mainly pedestal, revolving platform, derricking gear and hydraulic system around stake formula isolated pillar crane, revolving platform can turn Be arranged on pedestal dynamicly, derricking gear is then arranged on revolving platform, the middle part of pedestal and the middle part of revolving platform all there are Enough spaces enable spud leg to extend there through, in the small-sized formula isolated pillar crane around stake, between revolving platform and pedestal usually It is connected using pivoting support, is then connected by idler wheel between revolving platform and pedestal in stake formula isolated pillar crane large-scale, One revolving support ring is set specifically on pedestal, multiple positive roll wheel assemblies and multiple anti-roller groups are set on revolving platform Part, revolving support ring is clipped between the idler wheel of multiple positive roll wheel assemblies and the idler wheel of multiple anti-roll wheel assemblies, wherein positive roller group Part is located at turn around above support ring, and anti-roll wheel assembly is located at turn around below support ring, when revolving platform rotates, positive roll wheel assembly Idler wheel and the idler wheel of anti-roll wheel assembly rolled on the surface of revolving support ring.Hydraulic system is to main hoister winch, secondary master Hoister winch, span winch and revolving platform provide power and brake is automatic, the directly corresponding crane of quality of hydraulic system Security performance and operating efficiency, in crane structure increasingly ripe today, how to improve the hydraulic system of crane becomes people The Main way researched and developed.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of cranes, have automatically controlled and manually control, degree of safety is high.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that:A kind of crane, including mechanical part and control unit Point, spud leg that the mechanical part is inserted on main deck, is located at revolution at the swing mechanism for being located on main deck and being sleeved on spud leg A-frame in mechanism, with the hinged arm support of A-frame, the main suspension hook being arranged below arm support top, secondary suspension hook, luffing suspension hook, Main hoister winch, the main hoister winch of pair for driving secondary suspension hook and the change for driving luffing suspension hook for driving main suspension hook Width winch;The swing mechanism includes rotary supporting device and the revolving platform that is located on rotary supporting device;The A-frame Top be equipped with A-frame pulley blocks, the top of the arm support is equipped with arm support pulley blocks;It is wound with and leads on the main hoister winch Steel wire rope is risen, main hoist rope is connect after passing through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with main suspension hook;The main raising of pair Be wound with secondary main hoist rope on winch, secondary main hoist rope pass through after A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with secondary suspension hook Connection;Be wound with variable-amplitude steel wire rope on the span winch, variable-amplitude steel wire rope pass through after A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with Luffing suspension hook connects;
The control section includes hydraulic system, and the hydraulic control system includes PLC automatic control system, meets an urgent need manually System, the changing-breadth system for driving span winch, the main hoisting system for driving main hoister winch, for driving secondary lead Rise the main hoisting system of pair, the rotary system for driving swing mechanism, main motor, main pump and the hydraulic oil container of winch, the master Motor drives main pump, the main pump to be connected with hydraulic tank, and the main oil feed line that the main pump output end is formed passes through hydraulic control ratio Example multi-way valve is automatically controlled to changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system fuel feeding, the PLC respectively System controls hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group;The emergent manual system includes being connected with hydraulic tank Emergency pump set and hydraulic handle, emergency pump set by hydraulic handle control changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and Rotary system;
The rotary system includes the first fixed displacement motor of two drive revolving platforms, the first electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and revolution Multi-way valve, the input for turning round multi-way valve terminate main oil feed line, turn round the output end of multi-way valve by left-hand fuel feed pump respectively at Two the first fixed displacement motor connections, the output end for turning round multi-way valve are connected by dextrad fuel feed pump respectively at two the first fixed displacement motors It connects, the described first electric proportional pressure-reducing valve turns round multi-way valves to left-hand fuel feed pump or dextrad fuel feed pump by two the first shuttle valve controls Fuel feeding is equipped with the balanced valve of balance oil pressure between the left-hand fuel feed pump and dextrad fuel feed pump;First fixed displacement motor is furnished with First fixed displacement motor braking mechanism, the public oil circuit that brakes are set to the first fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding on the public oil circuit that brakes There are speed governing valve and the first pilot operated directional control valve, the second shuttle valve is equipped between the left-hand oil feed line and dextrad oil feed line, it is described It is connected between second shuttle valve and the first pilot operated directional control valve;
The main hoisting system includes the first variable displacement motor for driving main hoister winch, and main oil feed line is to the first variable horse Up to fuel feeding, the first variable displacement motor is connected with hydraulic tank by main oil return line;First variable displacement motor is furnished with the first variable The oil inlet end of motor brake mechanism, the first variable displacement motor controls the second pilot operated directional control valve by third shuttle valve, and brake public oil circuit By the second pilot operated directional control valve and the first sequence valve to the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;Equipped with the first check valve and first Sequence valve is in parallel, and the oil return of the first variable displacement motor passes through the first check valve, the first normally opened ball valve and the first electromagnetic valve oil return;
The main hoisting system of pair include the second variable displacement motor for driving secondary main hoister winch, the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and The input of auxiliary hook multi-way valve, auxiliary hook multi-way valve terminates main oil feed line, and the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve passes through raising fuel feed pump point It not being connect with the second variable displacement motor, the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve is connect with the second variable displacement motor respectively by declining fuel feed pump, Described second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve controls auxiliary hook multi-way valve to raising fuel feed pump by two the 4th shuttle valves or declines fuel feed pump confession Oil;Second variable displacement motor is furnished with the second variable displacement motor braking mechanism, and the oil inlet end of the second variable displacement motor passes through the 5th shuttle valve Third pilot operated directional control valve is controlled, the public oil circuit that brakes is stopped by third pilot operated directional control valve and the second sequence valve to the second variable displacement motor Mechanism of car fuel feeding;In parallel with the second sequence valve equipped with the second check valve, the oil return of the second variable displacement motor passes through the second check valve, Two normally opened ball valves and second solenoid valve oil return;
The changing-breadth system includes the second fixed displacement motor for driving span winch, and main oil feed line passes through the second fixed displacement motor Oil feed line to the second fixed displacement motor fuel feeding, the oil feed line of the second fixed displacement motor is equipped with balanced valve;Described second is quantitative Motor is furnished with fixed displacement motor braking mechanism, and the oil inlet end of the second fixed displacement motor controls the 4th pilot operated directional control valve by the 6th shuttle valve, Brake public oil circuit by the 4th pilot operated directional control valve and third sequence valve to the second fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;Equipped with third Check valve is in parallel with third sequence valve, and the oil return of the second fixed displacement motor passes through third check valve, the normally opened ball valve of third and third electricity Magnet valve oil return.
As an improvement, being set altogether on revolving platform, there are two main hoister winchs, the respectively main hoister winch in left side and right side Main hoister winch;Span winch, respectively left side span winch and right side span winch there are two being set altogether on revolving platform.
As an improvement, the PLC automatic control system detects main hoister winch by encoder respectively, secondary main raising twists The rotating speed of vehicle, span winch and swing mechanism.
As an improvement, PLC automatic control system is by obtaining main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and returning After the rotating speed of rotation mechanism, main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, change are corrected by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve The rotating speed of width winch and swing mechanism.
As an improvement, main hook multi-way valve is controlled by the 7th shuttle valve between the hydraulic handle of main hook and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, In turn to the first variable displacement motor fuel feeding;It is more by the 8th shuttle valve control auxiliary hook between the hydraulic handle of auxiliary hook and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve Road valve, and then to the second variable displacement motor fuel feeding;It is controlled by the 9th shuttle valve between the hydraulic handle of luffing and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve Luffing multi-way valve, and then control the second fixed displacement motor;Pass through the tenth shuttle valve between the hydraulic handle of revolution and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve Control revolution multi-way valve, and then control the first fixed displacement motor.
As an improvement, the main hoister winch of pair includes four the second variable displacement motors, the oil inlet of four the second variable displacement motors Pipe is interconnected by the first cylinder manifold, and the oil return pipe of four the second variable displacement motors is interconnected by the second cylinder manifold.
As an improvement, left side span winch and right side span winch include two the second fixed displacement motors, left side luffing twists The oil inlet pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of vehicle is connected to by third cylinder manifold, two the second fixed displacement motors of left side span winch Oil return pipe be connected to by the 4th cylinder manifold;The oil inlet pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of right side span winch passes through the 5th confluence Plate is connected to, and the oil return pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of right side span winch is connected to by the 6th cylinder manifold;Third cylinder manifold with It is equipped with the first logical valve between 5th cylinder manifold, the second logical valve is equipped between the 4th cylinder manifold and the 6th cylinder manifold.
As an improvement, the hydraulic system further includes emergent halt system and safety system, halt system prison of meeting an urgent need The proportional current that control main motor and control PLC automatic control system export electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, PLC automatic control system monitoring Liquid level, temperature and the filter of hydraulic oil container.
As an improvement, the crane further includes electric-control system, the electric-control system includes control cabinet, left-handed opening case face Plate, right switch box panel, driver's cabin transition junction box, hydraulic oil container junction box, arm transition junction box and moment instrument mainframe box; Control cabinet is connect with left-handed opening case panel, right switch box panel, moment instrument mainframe box and driver's cabin transition junction box respectively, is driven Transition junction box in room connect with hydraulic oil container junction box, and hydraulic oil container junction box connect with arm transition junction box;Control cabinet to PLC display screens drive room illumination lamp, exhaust fan, air conditioner, the power supply of driver's cabin socket;Left-handed opening case panel controls front window rain Curette, roof window wiper and water jet;Moment instrument mainframe box is powered to sensor;Control cabinet by driver's cabin transition junction box to Encoder, limit switch power supply;Hydraulic oil container junction box control, pressure difference switch, electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, limit switch and electromagnetism Valve;Headlamp on the used ballast control arm of arm transition junction box.
As an improvement, electric control handle controls electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group by PLC automatic control system.
The beneficial effect of the invention compared with the existing technology is:
1, it when ship operation on the sea, rises and needs to be fixed by spud leg, conventional hoist is located to exist with the position of spud leg Different places, the two places occupy the space of clamp plate of ship;The present invention is by the position of the swing mechanism of crane and spud leg Position overlap, the two will not mutually be interfered, and save space;
2, the present invention can both have been realized by PLC automatic control system main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and Swing mechanism automatically controls, and can also switch to the MANUAL CONTROL mode of hydraulic handle, the safety higher of hydraulic system can It is more preferable by property;
3, main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism be by independent HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM, Independence is good, and reliability is high;
4, the braking mechanism being arranged may insure the safe operation of crane;
5, PLC automatic control system respectively by encoder detect main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and The rotating speed of swing mechanism corrects main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, change by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve The rotating speed of width winch and swing mechanism;
6, it is connected to by cylinder manifold between left side span winch and the second fixed displacement motor of right side span winch, the remittance of both sides Logical valve is equipped between flowing plate, the oil pressure that logical valve can adjust both sides span winch is consistent, when making crane amplitude variation more Steadily.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present hydraulic system frame diagram.
Fig. 2 is present hydraulic system piping diagram.
Fig. 3 is rotary system piping diagram.
Fig. 4 is main hoisting system piping diagram.
Fig. 5 be main hoister winch automatically with manual switching piping diagram.
Fig. 6 is secondary main hoisting system piping diagram.
Fig. 7 is changing-breadth system piping diagram.
Fig. 8 be span winch automatically with manual switching piping diagram.
Fig. 9 is electronically controlled circuit diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of crane is used for ship comprising mechanical part and control section.The mechanical part is inserted on main deck Spud leg, the swing mechanism for being located on main deck and being sleeved on spud leg, the A-frame, hinged with A-frame that is located on swing mechanism Arm support, be arranged below arm support top main suspension hook, secondary suspension hook, luffing suspension hook, the main hoister winch for driving main suspension hook, The main hoister winch of pair for driving secondary suspension hook and the span winch for driving luffing suspension hook.The swing mechanism includes revolution Supporting arrangement and the revolving platform being located on rotary supporting device;Rotary supporting device and revolving platform are sleeved on spud leg, no It is contacted with spud leg, therefore the two is not interfere with each other mutually, makes revolving platform and spud leg perfect adaptation, save the space for occupying clamping plate.Institute The top for stating A-frame is equipped with A-frame pulley blocks, and the top of the arm support is equipped with arm support pulley blocks;On the main hoister winch It is wound with main hoist rope, main hoist rope is connect after passing through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with main suspension hook;It is described Secondary main hoist rope is wound on secondary main hoister winch, after secondary main hoist rope passes through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks It is connect with secondary suspension hook;Variable-amplitude steel wire rope is wound on the span winch, variable-amplitude steel wire rope passes through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support to slide It is connect with luffing suspension hook after wheel group.Set there are two main hoister winch altogether on revolving platform, respectively the main hoister winch in left side and The main hoister winch in right side.It is set altogether on revolving platform there are two span winch, respectively left side span winch and right side luffing twists Vehicle.
The control section includes hydraulic system, and as shown in Figure 1, 2, the hydraulic control system includes that PLC is automatically controlled System, emergent manual system, the changing-breadth system for driving span winch, the main hoisting system for driving main hoister winch, The main hoisting system of pair, the rotary system for driving swing mechanism, main motor, main pump and liquid for driving secondary main hoister winch Pressure oil case.The present embodiment is equipped with altogether four main motors and eight main pumps, and each main motor drives two main pumps to form a drive Dynamic, the main pump is connected with hydraulic tank, and to hydraulic oil container oil suction or draining, the main oil feed line that main pump output end is formed passes through Hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve is respectively to changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system fuel feeding.Electric control handle is logical The electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group of PLC automatic control system control is crossed, and then controls hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve, realization automatically controls main raising Winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism.
As shown in figure 3, the rotary system includes the first fixed displacement motor S01 of two drive revolving platforms, the first electric ratio Example pressure reducing valve H18/6 and revolution multi-way valve H17/9, the input of revolution multi-way valve H17/9 terminate main oil feed line, turn round multi-way valve The output end of H17/9 is connect with two the first fixed displacement motor S01 respectively by left-hand fuel feed pump, and revolution multi-way valve H17/9's is defeated Outlet is connect with two the first fixed displacement motor S01 respectively by dextrad fuel feed pump, and the first electricity proportional pressure-reducing valve H18/6 passes through Two first shuttle valve H10/26, H10/27 control revolution multi-way valve H17/9 are described to left-hand fuel feed pump or dextrad fuel feed pump fuel feeding The balanced valve S02 of balance oil pressure is equipped between left-hand fuel feed pump and dextrad fuel feed pump.The first fixed displacement motor S01 is furnished with first Fixed displacement motor braking mechanism, to the first fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding, the public oil circuit that brakes is equipped with to be adjusted the public oil circuit that brakes Fast valve H22 and the first pilot operated directional control valve W04/6 is equipped with the second shuttle valve between the left-hand oil feed line and dextrad oil feed line, It is connected between second shuttle valve and the first pilot operated directional control valve W04/6.The working method of swing mechanism:When need drive turn-around machine When structure turns left or turns right, using the first electric proportional pressure-reducing valve H18/6 of priority acccess control pipeline PCP and PCT control, make it to the first shuttle Valve H10/26 or H10/27 fuel feeding, and then change the valve position situation of revolution multi-way valve H17/9, eventually by left-hand oil feed line or Dextrad oil feed line carries out fuel feeding, when left-hand oil feed line fuel feeding, indicates that the first fixed displacement motor turns left, dextrad oil feed line fuel feeding When, indicate that the first fixed displacement motor is turned right.It is opened by the second shuttle valve the first pilot operated directional control valve of driving W04/6, brake public pipeline BC1 gives the first fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding, the startup of the first fixed displacement motor braking mechanism to leave the first fixed displacement motor S01;Separately Outside, the speed of the first fixed displacement motor S01 can be changed by speed governing valve H22 control brake oil pressure.When the first fixed displacement motor draining When, using the effect of balanced valve, the speed of draining is made to slow down, to generate the effect of buffering to swing mechanism.
As shown in figure 4, the main hoister winch fuel feeding of the main hoisting system to the left and right simultaneously, due to the fuel feed pump of both sides Road is completely identical, and the present embodiment is illustrated with the hydraulic system of the main hoister winch in left side comprising four drives are led First variable displacement motor W01/1~W01/4 of winch is risen, main oil feed line is become to first respectively by balanced valve W02/1~W02/4 Motor W01/1~W01/4 fuel feeding is measured, first variable displacement motor W01/1~W01/4 is connected with hydraulic tank by main oil return line. The first variable displacement motor W01/1~W01/4 is furnished with the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism, first variable displacement motor W01/1~W01/4 Oil inlet end the second pilot operated directional control valve H04/1 is controlled by third shuttle valve H10/13, the public oil circuit that brakes is changed by the second hydraulic control To valve H04/1 and the first sequence valve W05/1 to the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;Equipped with the first check valve W06/1 and One sequence valve W05/1 is in parallel, and the oil return of first variable displacement motor W01/1~W01/4 passes through the first check valve W06/1, first normally opened Ball valve H23/1 and the first solenoid valve W03/1 oil returns.When normal fuel injection, third shuttle valve H10/13 obtains oil pressure from oil feed line, leads to Cross the second pilot operated directional control valve H04/1, the first sequence valve W05/1 give the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding, make its start and from Open the first variable displacement motor;When the first variable displacement motor pressure release, the hydraulic oil of the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism is by the first sequence Valve W05/1 or the first check valve W06/1, finally passes through the first normally opened ball valve H23/1 and the first solenoid valve W03/1 carries out oil return, First the first variable displacement motor of variable displacement motor braking mechanism pair is braked at this time.If the oil mass for flowing into the first variable displacement motor is few, Balanced valve opening becomes smaller, and will produce back pressure.
As shown in fig. 6, the main hoisting system of pair includes four the second variable displacement motor W01/9 for driving secondary main hoister winch ~W01/12, the second electricity proportional pressure-reducing valve H18/3 and two auxiliary hooks multi-way valve H17/5, H17/6, auxiliary hook multi-way valve H17/5 are corresponded to Second variable displacement motor W01/9 and W01/10, auxiliary hook multi-way valve H17/6 correspond to the second variable displacement motor W01/11 and W01/12.Auxiliary hook The input of multi-way valve H17/5, H17/6 terminate main oil feed line, and the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve H17/5, H17/6 are supplied by raising Oil pipe is connect with second variable displacement motor W01/9~W01/12 respectively, and raising fuel feed pump is equipped with balanced valve A02/1~A02/4, often A balanced valve corresponds to second variable displacement motor, and the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve H17/5, H17/6 are by declining fuel feed pump difference It is connect with second variable displacement motor W01/9~W01/12.The second electricity proportional pressure-reducing valve H18/3 passes through two the 4th shuttle valve H10/ 15, H10/16 controls auxiliary hook multi-way valve to raising fuel feed pump or declines fuel feed pump fuel feeding.The second variable horse W01/9~W01/ 12 up to being furnished with the second variable displacement motor braking mechanism, and the oil inlet end of second variable displacement motor W01/9~W01/12 passes through the 5th shuttle valve H10/18 controls third pilot operated directional control valve W04/3, and the public oil circuit that brakes passes through third pilot operated directional control valve W04/3 and the second sequence valve W05/3 is to the second variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;It is in parallel with the second sequence valve W05/3 equipped with the second check valve W06/3, second The oil return of variable displacement motor passes through the second check valve W06/3, the second normally opened ball valve H23/3 and second solenoid valve W03/3 oil returns.Left side Two the second variable displacement motors be connected to by the 7th cylinder manifold with the oil inlet pipe of two second variable displacement motors on right side, the two of left side A second variable displacement motor is connected to the oil return pipe of two second variable displacement motors on right side by the 8th cylinder manifold.When normal fuel injection, 5th shuttle valve H10/18 obtains oil pressure from oil feed line, by third pilot operated directional control valve W04/3, the second sequence valve W05/3 to the Two variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding, make it start and leave the second variable displacement motor;When the second variable displacement motor pressure release, second becomes The hydraulic oil for measuring motor brake mechanism passes through the second sequence valve W05/3 or the second check valve W06/3, finally passes through the second normally opened ball Valve H23/3 and second solenoid valve W03/3 carry out oil return, at this time second the second variable displacement motor system of variable displacement motor braking mechanism pair It is dynamic.If the oil mass for flowing into the second variable displacement motor is few, balanced valve opening becomes smaller, and will produce back pressure.
Span winch, respectively left side span winch and right side span winch there are two being set altogether on revolving platform.Such as Fig. 7 Shown, changing-breadth system includes the second fixed displacement motor B01/1~B01/4, the second fixed displacement motor B01/1 of four drive span winches ~B01/2 corresponds to left side span winch, and second fixed displacement motor B01/3~B01/4 corresponds to right side span winch, the change of the left and right sides The hydraulic system of width winch is identical, and the present embodiment is illustrated with the hydraulic system of wherein side span winch:Main oil feed line By the oil feed line of the second fixed displacement motor to second fixed displacement motor B01/1~B01/2 fuel feeding, the second fixed displacement motor B01/1~ The oil feed line of B01/2 is equipped with balanced valve W02/9, W02/10;The second fixed displacement motor B01/1~B01/2 is furnished with second The oil inlet end of fixed displacement motor braking mechanism, second fixed displacement motor B01/1~B01/2 controls the 4th liquid by the 6th shuttle valve H10/24 Reversal valve W04/4 is controlled, the public oil circuit that brakes is quantitative to second by the 4th pilot operated directional control valve W04/4 and third sequence valve W05/4 Motor brake mechanism fuel feeding;It is in parallel with third sequence valve W05/4 equipped with third check valve W06/4, the second fixed displacement motor B01/1~ The oil return of B01/2 passes through third check valve W06/4, the normally opened ball valve H23/3 of third and third solenoid valve W03/4 oil returns.Left side becomes The oil inlet pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of width winch is connected to by third cylinder manifold FL2/7, two of left side span winch the The oil return pipe of two fixed displacement motors passes through the 4th cylinder manifold FL2/8 connections;Two the second fixed displacement motors of right side span winch into Oil pipe is converged by the 5th cylinder manifold FL2/9 connections, the oil return pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of right side span winch by the 6th Flowing plate FL2/10 connections;The first logical valve B03/2 is equipped between third cylinder manifold FL2/7 and the 5th cylinder manifold FL2/9, the 4th converges The second logical valve B03/1 is equipped between flowing plate FL2/8 and the 6th cylinder manifold FL2/10.Left side span winch and right side span winch The second fixed displacement motor between be connected to by cylinder manifold, logical valve is equipped between the cylinder manifold of both sides, logical valve can adjust automatically The oil pressure of whole both sides span winch is consistent, more stable when making crane amplitude variation;If left and right sides span winch can not be automatic When balance, turn off logical valve, forces both sides to balance using hydraulic handle.When the second fixed displacement motor pressure release, the second fixed displacement motor The hydraulic oil of braking mechanism passes through third sequence valve W05/4 or third check valve W06/4, finally passes through the normally opened ball valve H23/ of third 3 and third solenoid valve W03/4 carries out oil return, and second the second fixed displacement motor of fixed displacement motor braking mechanism pair is braked at this time.
As shown in Figure 1, it is equipped with encoder on main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism, institute It states PLC automatic control system and main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism is detected by encoder respectively Rotating speed, PLC automatic control system, which passes through, obtains turning for main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism After speed, main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch are corrected by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve and returned The rotating speed of rotation mechanism.Under normal condition, electric control handle controls electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group, realization pair by PLC automatic control system The whole control of crane.
The emergent manual system includes the emergency pump set being connected with hydraulic tank and hydraulic handle, and emergency pump set passes through liquid Press handle control changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system.As shown in Fig. 5,8, the hydraulic pressure hand of main hook Main hook multi-way valve is controlled by the 7th shuttle valve between handle and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then to the first variable displacement motor fuel feeding;Auxiliary hook Auxiliary hook multi-way valve is controlled by the 8th shuttle valve between hydraulic handle and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then to the second variable displacement motor fuel feeding; Luffing multi-way valve is controlled by the 9th shuttle valve between the hydraulic handle of luffing and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then controls the second quantitative horse It reaches;Revolution multi-way valve is controlled by the tenth shuttle valve between the hydraulic handle of revolution and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then it is fixed to control first Measure motor.
As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic system further includes emergent halt system and safety system, halt system prison of meeting an urgent need The proportional current that control main motor and control PLC automatic control system export electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, PLC automatic control system monitoring Liquid level, temperature and the filter of hydraulic oil container.After emergent halt system and safety system detect exception, PLC is blocked Automatic control system gives the signal of electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group, can control hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve by hydraulic handle at this time to rising Heavy-duty machine is manipulated.
As shown in Figure 1, cooling system is connected with hydraulic oil container, the oil return of the draining of main pump, multi-way valve, oil motor let out The oil return of oil and control valve carries heat, and cooling system can cool down the deep fat of hydraulic oil container, ensures hydraulic pressure hydraulic system The stability of long-term work.
The crane further includes electric-control system, as shown in figure 9, the electric-control system includes control cabinet, left-handed opening case face Plate, right switch box panel, driver's cabin transition junction box, hydraulic oil container junction box, arm transition junction box and moment instrument mainframe box; Control cabinet is connect with left-handed opening case panel, right switch box panel, moment instrument mainframe box and driver's cabin transition junction box respectively, is driven Transition junction box in room connect with hydraulic oil container junction box, and hydraulic oil container junction box connect with arm transition junction box;Control cabinet to PLC display screens drive room illumination lamp, exhaust fan, air conditioner, the power supply of driver's cabin socket;Left-handed opening case panel controls front window rain Curette, roof window wiper and water jet;Moment instrument mainframe box is powered to sensor;Control cabinet by driver's cabin transition junction box to Encoder, limit switch power supply;Hydraulic oil container junction box control, pressure difference switch, electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, limit switch and electromagnetism Valve;Headlamp on the used ballast control arm of arm transition junction box.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of crane, including mechanical part and control section, it is characterised in that:The mechanical part is inserted on main deck Spud leg, the swing mechanism for being located on main deck and being sleeved on spud leg, the A-frame being located on swing mechanism and A-frame are hinged Arm support, the main suspension hook being arranged below arm support top, secondary suspension hook, luffing suspension hook, the main hoister winch for driving main suspension hook, use In the main hoister winch of pair for driving secondary suspension hook and span winch for driving luffing suspension hook;The swing mechanism includes revolution branch Bearing apparatus and the revolving platform being located on rotary supporting device;The top of the A-frame is equipped with A-frame pulley blocks, the arm The top of frame is equipped with arm support pulley blocks;Main hoist rope is wound on the main hoister winch, main hoist rope passes through herringbone It is connect with main suspension hook after frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks;Secondary main hoist rope is wound on the main hoister winch of pair, pair is main Hoist rope is connect after passing through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with secondary suspension hook;Luffing steel is wound on the span winch Cord, variable-amplitude steel wire rope are connect after passing through A-frame pulley blocks and arm support pulley blocks with luffing suspension hook;
The control section includes hydraulic system, and the hydraulic control system includes PLC automatic control system, emergent system manually System, the changing-breadth system for driving span winch, the main hoisting system for driving main hoister winch, for driving secondary main raising The main hoisting system of pair, the rotary system for driving swing mechanism, main motor, main pump and the hydraulic oil container of winch, the main electricity Machine drives main pump, the main pump to be connected with hydraulic tank, and the main oil feed line that the main pump output end is formed passes through hydraulic control ratio Respectively to changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system and rotary system fuel feeding, the PLC is automatically controlled is multi-way valve System controls hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve by electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group;The emergent manual system includes answering of being connected with hydraulic tank Anxious pump group and hydraulic handle, emergency pump set control changing-breadth system, main hoisting system, secondary main hoisting system by hydraulic handle and return Transfer from one department to another to unite;
The rotary system includes the first fixed displacement motor of two drive revolving platforms, the first electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and revolution multichannel Valve, the input for turning round multi-way valve terminate main oil feed line, turn round the output end of multi-way valve by left-hand fuel feed pump respectively at two First fixed displacement motor connects, and the output end for turning round multi-way valve is connected by dextrad fuel feed pump respectively at two the first fixed displacement motors, Described first electric proportional pressure-reducing valve is supplied by two the first shuttle valve control revolution multi-way valves to left-hand fuel feed pump or dextrad fuel feed pump Oil is equipped with the balanced valve of balance oil pressure between the left-hand fuel feed pump and dextrad fuel feed pump;First fixed displacement motor is equipped with the A certain amount of motor brake mechanism, to the first fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding, the public oil circuit that brakes is equipped with the public oil circuit that brakes Speed governing valve and the first pilot operated directional control valve, are equipped with the second shuttle valve between the left-hand oil feed line and dextrad oil feed line, and described the It is connected between two shuttle valves and the first pilot operated directional control valve;
The main hoisting system includes the first variable displacement motor for driving main hoister winch, and main oil feed line is supplied to the first variable displacement motor Oil, the first variable displacement motor are connected with hydraulic tank by main oil return line;First variable displacement motor is furnished with the first variable displacement motor The oil inlet end of braking mechanism, the first variable displacement motor controls the second pilot operated directional control valve by third shuttle valve, and the public oil circuit that brakes passes through Second pilot operated directional control valve and the first sequence valve are to the first variable displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;Equipped with the first check valve and the first sequence Valve is in parallel, and the oil return of the first variable displacement motor passes through the first check valve, the first normally opened ball valve and the first electromagnetic valve oil return;
The main hoisting system of pair includes the second variable displacement motor for driving secondary main hoister winch, the second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and auxiliary hook Multi-way valve, the input of auxiliary hook multi-way valve terminate main oil feed line, the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve by raising fuel feed pump respectively with Second variable displacement motor connects, and the output end of auxiliary hook multi-way valve is connect with the second variable displacement motor respectively by declining fuel feed pump, described Second electric proportional pressure-reducing valve controls auxiliary hook multi-way valve to raising fuel feed pump by two the 4th shuttle valves or declines fuel feed pump fuel feeding;Institute It states the second variable displacement motor and is furnished with the second variable displacement motor braking mechanism, the oil inlet end of the second variable displacement motor passes through the 5th shuttle valve control the Three pilot operated directional control valves, the public oil circuit that brakes is by third pilot operated directional control valve and the second sequence valve to the second variable displacement motor braking mechanism Fuel feeding;In parallel with the second sequence valve equipped with the second check valve, the oil return of the second variable displacement motor passes through the second check valve, second normally opened Ball valve and second solenoid valve oil return;
The changing-breadth system includes the second fixed displacement motor for driving span winch, the confession that main oil feed line passes through the second fixed displacement motor The oil feed line of oil pipe road direction the second fixed displacement motor fuel feeding, the second fixed displacement motor is equipped with balanced valve;Second fixed displacement motor Equipped with fixed displacement motor braking mechanism, the oil inlet end of the second fixed displacement motor controls the 4th pilot operated directional control valve, brake by the 6th shuttle valve Public oil circuit is by the 4th pilot operated directional control valve and third sequence valve to the second fixed displacement motor braking mechanism fuel feeding;It is unidirectional equipped with third Valve is in parallel with third sequence valve, and the oil return of the second fixed displacement motor passes through third check valve, the normally opened ball valve of third and third solenoid valve Oil return.
2. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Main raising twists there are two being set altogether on revolving platform Vehicle, the respectively main hoister winch in left side and the main hoister winch in right side;Span winch there are two being set altogether on revolving platform, respectively Left side span winch and right side span winch.
3. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The PLC automatic control system passes through volume respectively Code device detects the rotating speed of main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism.
4. a kind of crane according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:PLC automatic control system is by obtaining main raising Winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism rotating speed after, pass through electric proportional pressure-reducing valve and hydraulic control proportional multi-way valve Correct the rotating speed of main hoister winch, secondary main hoister winch, span winch and swing mechanism.
5. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The hydraulic handle of main hook and electric proportional pressure-reducing valve it Between main hook multi-way valve controlled by the 7th shuttle valve, and then to the first variable displacement motor fuel feeding;The hydraulic handle of auxiliary hook subtracts with electric ratio Auxiliary hook multi-way valve is controlled by the 8th shuttle valve between pressure valve, and then to the second variable displacement motor fuel feeding;The hydraulic handle of luffing and electricity Luffing multi-way valve is controlled by the 9th shuttle valve between proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then controls the second fixed displacement motor;The hydraulic handle of revolution Revolution multi-way valve is controlled by the tenth shuttle valve between electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, and then controls the first fixed displacement motor.
6. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The main hoister winch of pair includes four second changes Motor is measured, the oil inlet pipe of four the second variable displacement motors is interconnected by the first cylinder manifold, the oil return of four the second variable displacement motors Pipe is interconnected by the second cylinder manifold.
7. a kind of crane according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Left side span winch and right side span winch wrap Two the second fixed displacement motors are included, the oil inlet pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of left side span winch is connected to by third cylinder manifold, The oil return pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of left side span winch is connected to by the 4th cylinder manifold;Two of right side span winch The oil inlet pipe of two fixed displacement motors is connected to by the 5th cylinder manifold, and the oil return pipe of two the second fixed displacement motors of right side span winch is logical Cross the connection of the 6th cylinder manifold;The first logical valve is equipped between third cylinder manifold and the 5th cylinder manifold, the 4th cylinder manifold and the 6th converge The second logical valve is equipped between flowing plate.
8. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The hydraulic system further includes emergent halt system And safety system, simultaneously control PLC automatic control system exports electric proportional pressure-reducing valve to emergent halt system monitoring main motor Proportional current, PLC automatic control system monitor hydraulic oil container liquid level, temperature and filter.
9. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The crane further includes electric-control system, described Electric-control system include control cabinet, left-handed opening case panel, right switch box panel, driver's cabin transition junction box, hydraulic oil container junction box, Arm transition junction box and moment instrument mainframe box;Control cabinet respectively with left-handed opening case panel, right switch box panel, moment instrument host Case is connected with driver's cabin transition junction box, and driver's cabin transition junction box connect with hydraulic oil container junction box, hydraulic oil container junction box Transition junction box connect with arm;Control cabinet is inserted to PLC display screens, driving room illumination lamp, exhaust fan, air conditioner, driver's cabin Seat power supply;Left-handed opening case panel controls front window wiper, roof window wiper and water jet;Moment instrument mainframe box is supplied to sensor Electricity;Control cabinet is powered by driver's cabin transition junction box to encoder, limit switch;Hydraulic oil container junction box control, pressure difference are opened Pass, electric proportional pressure-reducing valve, limit switch and solenoid valve;Headlamp on the used ballast control arm of arm transition junction box.
10. a kind of crane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Electric control handle passes through PLC automatic control system control The electric proportional pressure-reducing valve group of system.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112357772A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Upper limiting method for lifting hook
CN112357767A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Hydraulic electric control upper limiting system of lifting hook
CN112357766A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Compensating method for moment instrument of platform crane
CN117212275A (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-12-12 华东送变电工程有限公司 Hydraulic control system of split type hank grinds

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CN104030163A (en) * 2014-05-23 2014-09-10 武汉武桥交通装备技术有限公司 Low-energy consumption and low-heat constant pressure system of full-hydraulic crane for ship

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CN112357772A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Upper limiting method for lifting hook
CN112357767A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Hydraulic electric control upper limiting system of lifting hook
CN112357766A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-12 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Compensating method for moment instrument of platform crane
CN112357766B (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-06-10 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Compensating method for moment instrument of platform crane
CN117212275A (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-12-12 华东送变电工程有限公司 Hydraulic control system of split type hank grinds

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