CN108418238B - Method for evaluating commutation failure occurrence based on harmonic wave comprehensive commutation coefficient - Google Patents

Method for evaluating commutation failure occurrence based on harmonic wave comprehensive commutation coefficient Download PDF

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CN108418238B
CN108418238B CN201810190813.XA CN201810190813A CN108418238B CN 108418238 B CN108418238 B CN 108418238B CN 201810190813 A CN201810190813 A CN 201810190813A CN 108418238 B CN108418238 B CN 108418238B
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commutation
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黄华
赵丹丹
崔勇
周行星
于姜赟
张美霞
杨秀
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the occurrence of commutation failure based on a harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient, which comprises the steps of collecting a certain extinction angle descending moment of a converter valve of an inversion converter station, corresponding alternating current bus voltage, obtaining the voltage amplitude of each harmonic and the phase offset of a fundamental wave phase relative to the normal commutation situation after the alternating current bus voltage at the moment is subjected to Fourier transform, and obtaining an advanced trigger angle and an extinction angle when a system corresponding to the moment normally operates; and calculating the harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor and the harmonic phase comprehensive influence factor, adding the harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor and the harmonic phase comprehensive influence factor to obtain a harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient, and judging commutation failure of the direct current system by judging whether the harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient is larger than the maximum commutation area margin or not. The calculation method has small calculation dimension and high speed; the method comprehensively considers the harmonic frequency, the harmonic voltage amplitude and the fundamental wave offset caused by the harmonic, so that the calculation judgment result is more accurate. The method can be applied to the evaluation of continuous commutation failure.

Description

Method for evaluating commutation failure occurrence based on harmonic wave comprehensive commutation coefficient
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current transmission technology, in particular to a method for evaluating commutation failure based on a harmonic wave comprehensive commutation coefficient.
Background
With the construction and operation of a large-scale direct-current transmission project, a nine-alternating-current thirteen-direct-current grid company in China gradually forms an extra-high voltage and multi-drop point alternating-current and direct-current hybrid system. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) has the characteristics of large capacity, long distance, asynchronous grid interconnection and the like, and is gradually widely applied. Meanwhile, the close connection of the alternating current and direct current systems brings unique electrical characteristics to the power grid, namely the disturbance of the alternating current system often affects the normal operation of the direct current system.
The most common fault of the direct current system caused by commutation failure is widely concerned all the time, and a series of research points with alternating current disturbance as the background are also developed successively to obtain certain results. A series of disturbances other than faults, most of which involve disturbances of harmonics. At present, many research progresses, but general research usually focuses on calculating evaluation factors by combining harmonic times and harmonic voltage amplitudes based on complexity of multiple harmonics, influences of zero crossing point offset of fundamental voltage on a system commutation process are ignored, and judgment errors of commutation failure of general evaluation factors are large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating the occurrence of commutation failure based on a harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient, aiming at the problem of neglecting the influence of zero-crossing point offset of fundamental voltage on commutation failure in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for evaluating the occurrence of commutation failure based on harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient is characterized in that an inversion converter station converts high-voltage direct current into alternating current and the alternating current is connected to an alternating current bus side through a transformer in a voltage reduction mode, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring the data of the extinction angle output by the converter valve of the inverter converter station, and selecting the data of a certain extinction angle at the descending moment: collecting the corresponding alternating current bus voltage at a certain extinction angle descending moment of a converter valve running to an inversion converter station, and carrying out Fourier transform on the alternating current bus voltage at the moment to obtain the voltage amplitude of each harmonic and the phase offset of a fundamental wave phase relative to the phase shift under the normal phase conversion condition, and the corresponding advanced trigger angle and extinction angle of the system in normal running at the moment;
2) calculating harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor GmIntegral influence factor M with harmonic phasem：
Harmonic voltage integrated influence factor
Figure BDA0001591681230000021
In the formula GmRepresenting the influence degree of different subharmonics and harmonic amplitudes on the fundamental wave at the m-th arc-quenching angle reduction occurrence time, wherein m is more than 0; g'm-1G 'representing the influence degree of different subharmonics and harmonic amplitudes on the fundamental wave at the moment that the m-1 arc-quenching angle returns to the normal moment'0＝0，E1Is the fundamental voltage amplitude, EiFor the voltage amplitude of the ith harmonic,
Figure BDA0001591681230000022
the voltage is an i-th harmonic commutation coefficient, gamma is an extinction angle, alpha is an advance trigger angle, and omega is a voltage angular velocity at a normal alternating current bus;
harmonic phase integrated influence factor
Figure BDA0001591681230000023
Figure BDA0001591681230000024
Wherein X is a phase-change reactance,
Figure BDA0001591681230000025
phi is the angle of the fundamental phase angle relative to the offset before the commutation failure occurs after the harmonic wave comprehensive action;
3) calculating to obtain harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient Ym，Ym＝Gm+Mm；
4) Judging harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient YmWhether or not it is larger than the maximum commutation area margin of 16.8%, e.g. YmIf more than 16.8%, judging that the commutation of the DC system fails, if Y ismAnd if not, determining that the commutation of the direct current system fails to work, and if not, determining that the commutation of the direct current system does not fail.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for evaluating the occurrence of commutation failure based on the harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient inherits the consideration of harmonic times and each harmonic voltage amplitude in the traditional calculation method: the influence of the harmonic frequency and the harmonic voltage amplitude on the commutation failure index is considered in the used calculation method; the influence of the fundamental wave phase offset on the commutation failure of the direct current system is comprehensively considered; most of the existing research methods ignore the influence of harmonic waves on the phase of fundamental waves, and only evaluate the occurrence of commutation failure from the angles of harmonic times and voltage amplitudes, and the result often has defects; the method comprehensively considers the influence of multiple harmonics on the phase of fundamental voltage, and combines the harmonic frequency and the harmonic voltage amplitude, so that the commutation failure index is more comprehensive; the results can be applied to evaluate the continuous commutation failure: in the calculation process of the calculation method, each calculation result is established on the basis of the previous calculation result, so that the calculation method can be suitable for evaluating the continuous commutation failure; the calculation speed is high, and the result is more accurate: the calculation method has small calculation dimension and high speed; the harmonic frequency, the harmonic voltage amplitude and the fundamental wave offset caused by the harmonic are comprehensively considered, so that the calculation result is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention for calculating harmonic integrated influence factors;
FIG. 2a is a diagram of the response to disturbance of the extinction angle for a phase commutation failure caused by simulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a diagram of the disturbance response of the DC current resulting from the failed continuous commutation according to the simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a diagram of the response of the disturbance of the AC voltage resulting from the failed continuous commutation according to the simulation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for evaluating commutation failure occurrence based on harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient, which is shown in a flow chart shown in figure 1:
the direct current transmission system mainly comprises a three-phase power supply (mainly referring to a power plant), a converter station (comprising a rectifier station and an inverter station), a transmission cable or an overhead line and an alternating current power grid. After the alternating current is sent by a power plant and is boosted by a transformer, the alternating current is converted into direct current by a rectifying converter station and is transmitted to the direct current tail end by a power transmission line, and the high-voltage direct current is converted into the alternating current by an inverting converter station and is connected to the alternating current bus side in a voltage reduction mode by the transformer.
1) Acquiring the data of the extinction angle output by the converter valve of the inverter converter station, and selecting the data of a certain extinction angle at the descending moment: and acquiring the corresponding alternating current bus voltage at the moment when the system operates to a certain extinction angle of the converter valve of the inverter converter station, and carrying out Fourier transform on the alternating current bus voltage at the moment to obtain the voltage amplitude of each harmonic and the offset of the fundamental wave phase relative to the phase under the normal phase conversion condition, and acquiring the leading trigger angle and the extinction angle of the system corresponding to the moment in normal operation.
2) Calculating harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor GmIntegral influence factor M with harmonic phasem：
Calculating the influence area of the commutation time of the nth harmonic:
Figure BDA0001591681230000041
in the formula
Figure BDA0001591681230000042
The method is an nth harmonic commutation coefficient and can be used for evaluating the influence degree of different subharmonics on fundamental wave voltage, wherein gamma is an arc extinction angle, alpha is an advance trigger angle, omega is a voltage angular velocity at a normal alternating current bus and is the reciprocal of frequency in numerical terms. EnFor the nth harmonic voltage amplitudeThe value n is the harmonic order.
It is assumed that the advance firing angle does not change at the moment when the system is in stable operation and disturbed, i.e. alpha is regarded as a constant in the operation process. Since alpha is much greater in value than gamma, to some extent,
Figure BDA0001591681230000043
can ignore gamma, therefore let
Figure BDA0001591681230000044
θnIs a constant value in terms of the value,
Figure BDA0001591681230000045
is the nth harmonic phase angle.
The invention considers that the influence degree of the commutation voltage time area at each arc-quenching angle descending moment is as follows: and in the time interval from the time of the recovery of the extinction angle after the previous commutation failure to the time of the decline of the extinction angle after the next commutation failure, the harmonic influences the commutation voltage time area at the time of the recovery of the extinction angle. And (4) calculating the influence degree of the comprehensive action of the n-th harmonic commutation coefficient and the n-th harmonic voltage amplitude on the fundamental wave by combining the ideas. Defining harmonic voltage integral influence factor
Figure BDA0001591681230000046
In the formula GmRepresenting the influence degree of different subharmonics and harmonic amplitudes on the fundamental wave at the m-th arc-quenching angle drop (m is more than 0); g'm-1G 'representing the influence degree of different subharmonics and harmonic amplitudes on the fundamental wave at the moment that the m-1 arc-quenching angle returns to the normal moment'0＝0，E1Is the fundamental voltage amplitude, EiIs the ith harmonic voltage amplitude.
In practical situations, considering that the multiple harmonic synthesis effect has obvious influence on the bus voltage zero crossing point, the influence of the multiple harmonic synthesis effect on the commutation area is obviously not negligible.
Under normal operating conditions, the bus voltage may be expressed as
u＝E1 sin(ωt)
The commutation area under normal conditions can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001591681230000051
Wherein X is commutation reactance.
It is assumed that during the harmonic influence process, the control system does not act (i.e., the advance firing angle remains unchanged) at the moment of the harmonic disturbance occurrence.
Figure BDA0001591681230000052
Wherein phi is the angle of the fundamental phase angle relative to the offset before the commutation failure occurs after the harmonic wave comprehensive action.
Defining harmonic phase synthetic influence factor MmTo evaluate the influence degree of the phase shift on the fundamental wave after the multiple harmonic wave comprehensive action
Figure BDA0001591681230000053
3) Calculating to obtain harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient Ym：
The invention utilizes harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor Gm and harmonic phase comprehensive influence factor MmAnd evaluating the influence degree of the multiple harmonic wave comprehensive action on the commutation process of the direct current system from the theoretical calculation angle. Defining harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient Ym＝Gm+Mm
4) Judging harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient YmWhether the phase change area margin is larger than the maximum degree:
in actual engineering, due to different converter valve characteristics, different direct current engineering arc extinguishing angles are caused, and therefore maximum commutation influence factors are different. In general, the maximum commutation area margin is calculated as follows:
when the actual direct current system normally operates, gamma is 17 degrees and alpha isAt 138 °, commutation area can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001591681230000054
In practical engineering, the critical condition of the converter valve for phase change failure is determined to be gamma according to the material characteristics of the converter valveminAt 7 °, the critical commutation area can be expressed as
Figure BDA0001591681230000061
The maximum commutation area margin at this time is
Figure BDA0001591681230000062
That is, when the negative effect of multiple harmonics on the normal voltage waveform is greater than 16.8%, the dc system will not sustain the disturbance effect, and a phase commutation failure occurs, that is, when Y is greater thanmAnd if the current is more than 16.8 percent, judging that the commutation of the direct current system fails.
As shown in fig. 2a, 2b, and 2c and tables 1 and 2, for the 8-time extinction angle decrease condition in the simulation process, the harmonic comprehensive influence factor of each time is calculated, and it is accurately determined that the commutation failure is caused by the first 7-time extinction angle decrease and the commutation failure does not occur in the 8 th extinction angle decrease.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001591681230000063
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001591681230000064

Claims (1)

1. A method for evaluating the occurrence of commutation failure based on harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient is characterized in that an inversion converter station converts high-voltage direct current into alternating current and the alternating current is connected to an alternating current bus side through a transformer in a step-down mode, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring the data of the extinction angle output by the converter valve of the inverter converter station, and selecting the data of a certain extinction angle at the descending moment: collecting the corresponding alternating current bus voltage at a certain extinction angle descending moment of a converter valve running to an inversion converter station, and carrying out Fourier transform on the alternating current bus voltage at the moment to obtain the voltage amplitude of each harmonic and the phase offset of a fundamental wave phase relative to the phase shift under the normal phase conversion condition, and the corresponding advanced trigger angle and extinction angle of the system in normal running at the moment;
2) defining harmonic voltage comprehensive influence factor GmEvaluating the influence degree of the n harmonic voltage amplitude comprehensive action on the fundamental wave at the mth extinction angle drop occurrence time; defining harmonic phase synthetic influence factor MmAfter the multiple harmonic comprehensive action is evaluated, the influence degree of the phase shift on the fundamental wave is evaluated; the calculation method is as follows:
harmonic voltage integrated influence factor
Figure FDA0002580630500000011
In the formula m>0；G’m-1G 'representing the influence degree of different subharmonics and harmonic amplitudes on the fundamental wave at the moment that the m-1 arc-quenching angle returns to the normal moment'0＝0，E1Is the fundamental voltage amplitude, EiFor the voltage amplitude of the ith harmonic,
Figure FDA0002580630500000012
is the i-th harmonic commutation coefficient, gamma is the extinction angle, alpha is the advance firing angle;
harmonic phase integrated influence factor
Figure FDA0002580630500000013
Figure FDA0002580630500000014
Wherein X is a phase-change reactance,
Figure FDA0002580630500000015
phi is the angle of the fundamental phase angle relative to the offset before the commutation failure occurs after the harmonic wave comprehensive action;
3) calculating to obtain harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient Ym，Ym＝Gm+Mm；
4) Judging harmonic comprehensive commutation coefficient YmWhether or not it is larger than the maximum commutation area margin of 16.8%, e.g. YmIf more than 16.8%, judging that the commutation of the DC system fails, if Y ismAnd if not, determining that the commutation of the direct current system fails to work, and if not, determining that the commutation of the direct current system does not fail.
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CN109510230A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-22 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 A kind of continuous commutation failure suppressing method for HVDC transmission system
CN110233490B (en) * 2019-07-05 2020-11-10 重庆城市管理职业学院 Direct-current transmission fault recovery control method and system for avoiding continuous commutation failure
CN111555640A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-08-18 清华大学 Control method of high-voltage direct-current transmission hybrid converter
CN111781453B (en) * 2020-07-04 2022-07-29 国家电网公司华中分部 Fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method
CN113595126B (en) * 2021-07-28 2023-08-25 华中科技大学 Early warning index calculation method and early warning method for commutation failure of direct current transmission system
CN117955148B (en) * 2024-03-26 2024-05-28 浙江大学 Commutation failure fault collaborative recovery method for hybrid multi-feed direct current transmission system
CN118151058A (en) * 2024-05-09 2024-06-07 国网江苏省电力有限公司常州供电分公司 Abrupt change detection method for voltage switching device

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