CN108417727B - OLED light-emitting device, preparation method thereof and display device - Google Patents
OLED light-emitting device, preparation method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention provides an OLED light-emitting device, a preparation method thereof and a display device, belongs to the technical field of display, and can solve the problems that the conventional blue light-emitting material is short in service life and low in light-emitting efficiency, and the whole service life of the device is limited. In the blue light-emitting unit of the OLED light-emitting device, the energy of non-blue visible light is enhanced by adopting the light energy enhancement structure, and then the enhanced light is utilized to excite the up-conversion light-emitting material to emit blue light, namely, the blue light-emitting unit of the device does not use the blue light-emitting material to emit blue light, but uses the first color light-emitting material layer, the light energy enhancement structure and the up-conversion light-emitting layer to replace the blue light-emitting material, so that the problem of short service life of the whole device caused by short service life of the blue light-emitting material is solved, and the color cast phenomenon is improved. The method for preparing the OLED luminescent device is simple and easy to prepare. The OLED light-emitting device is suitable for various display devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to an OLED light-emitting device, a preparation method thereof and a display device.
Background
In recent years, Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) technology has been applied very importantly in the fields of illumination and display, and an OLED display panel is a new display panel, and is considered to be the most promising display panel in the industry because it has many advantages of self-luminescence, low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency, short response time, high definition and contrast, wide temperature range, flexible display, large-area full-color display, and the like.
The conventional OLED display panel generally includes a plurality of pixels, each of which includes a blue light emitting unit, a red light emitting unit, and a green light emitting unit, and generally each of the light emitting units includes a light emitting layer made of a fluorescent light emitting material of a corresponding color.
The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: the blue luminescent material has short service life and low luminous efficiency compared with the green and red luminescent materials, and if the blue luminescent unit is gradually weakened in color in the long-term use process of the product, the product has color cast, namely, the blue luminescent material limits the whole service life of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an OLED light-emitting device, a preparation method thereof and a display device, aiming at the problems that the existing blue light-emitting material is short in service life and low in light-emitting efficiency and limits the whole service life of the device.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows:
an OLED light emitting device comprising a cathode, an anode, and a blue light emitting cell, the blue light emitting cell comprising:
a first color light emitting material layer, the light of the first color being visible light having a wavelength higher than that of blue light;
a light energy enhancing structure for enhancing energy of light passing therethrough;
an upconversion luminescent layer composed of an upconversion luminescent material that emits blue light after being excited by a first color of light;
the OLED light-emitting device is provided with a light-emitting surface, the light energy enhancement structure is closer to the light-emitting surface than the first color light-emitting material layer, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer is closer to the light-emitting surface than the light energy enhancement structure.
Optionally, the light energy enhancement structure comprises a plurality of enhancement layers stacked, each enhancement layer having a thickness of 1/4 a wavelength of the first color of light, and the difference in refractive index of the materials of adjacent enhancement layers is greater than 0.4.
Optionally, the enhancement layer includes a high refractive index enhancement layer and a low refractive index enhancement layer, and the high refractive index enhancement layer and the low refractive index enhancement layer are alternately disposed.
Optionally, the material of the reinforcement layer comprises TiO2、SiO2、ZnS、MgF2Any one or a mixture of several of them.
Optionally, the OLED light emitting device further includes a first color light emitting unit, where the first color light emitting unit includes a first color light emitting material layer, and the first color light emitting material layer of the first color light emitting unit and the first color light emitting material layer of the blue light emitting unit are disposed in the same layer.
Optionally, the first color luminescent material layer includes a red luminescent material.
Optionally, the OLED light emitting device is a top emission type OLED light emitting device, the first color light emitting material layer is disposed between the cathode and the anode, and the light energy enhancement structure is disposed between the up-conversion light emitting layer and the cathode.
Optionally, the upconversion luminescent material that emits blue light after being excited by the first color light includes a neodymium-ytterbium co-doped zirconia upconversion luminescent material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the OLED light-emitting device, which comprises the following steps:
a step of forming a cathode, a step of forming an anode, and a step of forming a blue light emitting unit between the step of forming the cathode and the step of forming the anode;
the method for forming the blue light-emitting unit comprises a step of forming a first color light-emitting material layer, a step of forming an up-conversion light-emitting layer, and a step of forming a light energy enhancement structure between the steps of forming the first color light-emitting material layer and the up-conversion light-emitting layer, wherein the OLED light-emitting device is provided with a light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer is formed closer to the light-emitting surface than the first color light-emitting material layer.
Optionally, the method further includes a step of forming a first color light emitting unit, the step of forming the first color light emitting unit includes a step of forming a first color light emitting material layer, and the first color light emitting material layer of the first color light emitting unit is formed in synchronization with the first color light emitting material layer of the blue light emitting unit.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the OLED light-emitting device.
In the blue light-emitting unit of the OLED light-emitting device, the energy of non-blue visible light is enhanced by adopting the light energy enhancement structure, and then the enhanced light is utilized to excite the up-conversion light-emitting material to emit blue light, namely, the blue light-emitting unit of the device does not use the blue light-emitting material to emit blue light, but uses the first color light-emitting material layer, the light energy enhancement structure and the up-conversion light-emitting layer to replace the blue light-emitting material, so that the problem of short service life of the whole device caused by short service life of the blue light-emitting material is solved, and the color cast phenomenon is improved. The method for preparing the OLED luminescent device is simple and easy to prepare. The OLED light-emitting device is suitable for various display devices.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an OLED light emitting device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an OLED light emitting device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural views of another OLED light-emitting device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an OLED light-emitting device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are: 1. an anode; 2. a cathode; 3. a blue light emitting unit; 31. a first color light emitting material layer; 32. a light energy enhancing structure; 33. an upconversion luminescent layer; 4. a first color light emitting unit; 5. a second color light emitting unit; 6. a packaging layer; 7. the pixels define a structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the present embodiment provides an OLED light emitting device, as shown in fig. 1, including a cathode 2, an anode 1 and a blue light emitting unit 3, where the blue light emitting unit 3 includes a first color light emitting material layer 31, a light energy enhancement structure 32, and an up-conversion light emitting layer 33; the first color light is visible light with a wavelength higher than that of the blue light; the light energy enhancing structure 32 serves to enhance the energy of light passing therethrough; the up-conversion luminescent layer 33 is made of an up-conversion luminescent material which emits blue light after being excited by the light of the first color; the OLED light emitting device has a light emitting surface, the light energy enhancement structure 32 is closer to the light emitting surface than the first color light emitting material layer 31, and the up-conversion light emitting layer 33 is closer to the light emitting surface than the light energy enhancement structure 32.
In the OLED light emitting device of the present embodiment, the blue light emitting unit 3 includes: the first color light-emitting material layer 31, the light energy enhancement structure 32, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer 33 are configured to enhance the energy of the non-blue visible light by using the light energy enhancement structure 32, and then excite the up-conversion light-emitting material to emit blue light by using the enhanced light, that is, the blue light-emitting material is not used in the blue light-emitting unit 3 of the device to emit blue light, but the first color light-emitting material layer 31, the light energy enhancement structure 32, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer 33 are used to replace the blue light-emitting material, so that the problem of short service life of the whole device caused by short service life of the blue light-emitting material is solved. The OLED light emitting device of the present embodiment may be a top emission type OLED or a bottom emission type OLED, which is suitable for various display devices.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a top emission type OLED light emitting device, as shown in fig. 2, including a cathode 2, an anode 1, and a first color light emitting material layer 31 disposed between the cathode 2 and the anode 1, the light emitting device further includes a light energy enhancement structure 32 and an up-conversion light emitting layer 33, the first color light emitting material layer 31, the light energy enhancement structure 32, and the up-conversion light emitting layer 33 constitute a blue light emitting unit 3; the first color light is visible light with a wavelength higher than that of the blue light; the light energy enhancing structure 32 serves to enhance the energy of light passing therethrough; the up-conversion luminescent layer 33 is made of an up-conversion luminescent material which emits blue light after being excited by the light of the first color; the light energy enhancement structure 32 is disposed between the cathode 2 and the up-conversion luminescent layer 33, the OLED luminescent device has a light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion luminescent layer 33 is closer to the light-emitting surface than the first color luminescent material layer 31.
In the top emission device of the prior art, since the blue luminescent material is sandwiched between the cathode 2 and the anode 1, the blue light directly emitted by the LED has a microcavity effect, the intensity of the blue light at a front viewing angle is enhanced, the light at a large viewing angle is weakened under the action of the microcavity effect, the viewing angle is poor, in this embodiment, the blue light emitting material is no longer used to emit blue light, but the first color light emitting material layer 31, the light energy enhancement structure 32 and the up-conversion light emitting layer 33 are used to replace the blue light emitting material, and the light energy enhancement structure 32 and the up-conversion luminescent layer 33 are closer to the light-emitting surface than the cathode 2, that is, the upconversion luminescent layer 33 is not in the microcavity formed by the cathode 2 and the anode 1, so that the blue light emitted by the enhanced upconversion luminescent material excited by the light of the first color does not have the microcavity effect, and belongs to emission of lambertian bodies, and the viewing angle of the emitted light is uniform, which is equivalent to that the viewing angle is improved.
In one embodiment, the first color is red, that is, the first color luminescent material layer 31 includes a red luminescent material, since the red luminescent material cannot excite the upconversion material, in this embodiment, the energy of the red luminescent material is first enhanced by the light energy enhancement structure 32, and then the enhanced light is utilized to excite the upconversion luminescent material to emit blue light. The luminous efficiency of the device in this example is greater than 20%.
In another embodiment, the first color is green, that is, the first color luminescent material layer 31 includes a green luminescent material, since the green luminescent material cannot excite the upconversion material, in this embodiment, the energy of the red luminescent material is enhanced by the light energy enhancement structure 32, and then the enhanced light is utilized to excite the upconversion luminescent material to emit blue light.
It is understood that luminescent materials of other colors may be used to emit non-blue visible light first, and the upconversion luminescent material is excited to emit blue light after the energy of the luminescent materials is enhanced. Not to mention one example.
As an alternative to this embodiment, the light energy enhancement structure 32 includes a plurality of stacked enhancement layers, each enhancement layer having a thickness of 1/4 times the wavelength of the first color of light, and the difference in refractive index of the materials of adjacent enhancement layers is greater than 0.4.
Specifically, the optical energy enhancement structure 32 includes at least one group of high and low refractive index materials, and the optical energy enhancement structure 32 can be a repeated stack of 20 to 40 groups according to the intensity requirement of the energy requirement amplification of the first color light. When the first color is red, the red wavelength is 628nm and the thickness of each layer is 1/4 of the red wavelength, i.e., the thickness of each layer is 157 nm.
As an alternative implementation in this embodiment, the enhancement layer includes a high refractive index enhancement layer and a low refractive index enhancement layer, and the high refractive index enhancement layer and the low refractive index enhancement layer are alternately disposed.
That is to say, the refractive indexes of the materials of the enhancement layer are alternately and cyclically set to be high, low, high and low, and the difference of the refractive indexes of the materials of the two adjacent layers is more than 0.4, so that the requirement of enhancing the energy of the first color light can be met.
Specific materials for several reinforcement layers are provided herein, which may be TiO2、SiO2、ZnS、MgF2Any one or a mixture of several of them.
More specifically, the specific number of layers of the reinforcing layer and the specific material of each layer may be selected and changed according to the refractive index of the material, and the difference between the refractive indexes of the materials of two adjacent layers is usually greater than 0.4.
As an optional implementation manner in this embodiment, the OLED light emitting device further includes a first color light emitting unit 4, the first color light emitting unit 4 includes a first color light emitting material layer 31, and the first color light emitting material layer 31 of the first color light emitting unit 4 and the first color light emitting material layer 31 of the blue light emitting unit 3 are disposed in the same layer.
Referring to fig. 3, the OLED light emitting device of the present embodiment includes a blue light emitting unit 3 and a first color light emitting unit 4, both of which include a first color light emitting material layer 31, and the first color light emitting material layer 31 of the first color light emitting unit 4 is disposed in the same layer as the first color light emitting material layer 31 of the blue light emitting unit 3.
Optionally, the upconversion luminescent material that emits blue light after being excited by the first color light includes a neodymium-ytterbium co-doped zirconia upconversion luminescent material.
In another embodiment, the OLED light emitting device includes a blue light emitting unit 3, a first color light emitting unit 4 and a second color light emitting unit 5, and the OLED light emitting device further includes a pixel defining structure 7, where the pixel defining structure 7 defines each light emitting unit, specifically, the first color is red, and the second color is green, that is, the red light emitting material of the blue light emitting unit 3 and the red light emitting material of the red light emitting unit are disposed in the same layer.
Fig. 3 and 4 of the present embodiment also show that an encapsulation layer 6 is further disposed outside the blue light-emitting unit 3 and the first color light-emitting unit 4, i.e., on the light-emitting surface of the up-conversion light-emitting layer 33 of the blue light-emitting unit 3 and the cathode 2 corresponding to the first color light-emitting unit 4, for protecting the device from water and oxygen.
It is to be understood that the size, thickness, and the like of each structural layer shown in the drawings of the present embodiment are merely illustrative. In the process implementation, the projection areas of the structural layers on the substrate can be the same or different, and the required projection areas of the structural layers can be implemented by changing the mask or the process; meanwhile, the structure shown in the drawings is not limited to the geometric shape of each structural layer, and may be, for example, a rectangle, a trapezoid, or another shape as shown in the drawings, and may also be realized by changing the mask or the process.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an OLED light-emitting device, as shown in fig. 5, including the following steps:
s01, forming an anode 1 on the substrate, and then forming a pixel defining structure 7, the pixel defining structure 7 defining each light emitting cell; the anode 1 has good conductivity, and is usually made of inorganic metal oxide (such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), etc.), organic conductive polymer (such as poly 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS, polyaniline PANI, etc.) or high work function metal material (such as gold, copper, silver, platinum, etc.). The thickness of the anode 1 is 10-200 nm. The present embodiment includes a blue light emitting unit 3, a first color light emitting unit 4 (i.e., a red light emitting unit), and a second color light emitting unit 5 (i.e., a green light emitting unit).
S02, forming a first color light-emitting material layer 31 on the substrate after the steps by normal deposition through an FMM mask evaporation process; here, the first color is red, that is, the blue light emitting unit 3 and the red light emitting material layer of the red light emitting unit are formed simultaneously; then forming a green light-emitting material layer; specifically, the light emitting material layer may be made of an organic material having no doped fluorescence emission composed of a light emitting material having a hole transport ability not lower than an electron transport ability, or made of an organic material doped with a fluorescent material composed of a fluorescent dopant and a host material, or made of an organic material doped with a phosphorescent material composed of a phosphorescent dopant and a host material. The thickness range is 10-50 nm.
And S03, forming the semi-transparent semi-reflective metal cathode 2, wherein the cathode 2 can be a single-layer high-work-function material formed by vacuum evaporation, can also be a multi-layer composite cathode 2, can also be formed by a doped material, and specifically can be formed by vacuum evaporation of a layer of Mg/Ag alloy material as the cathode 2.
S04, evaporating the optical energy enhancement structure 32 by adopting an FMM mask, wherein the optical energy enhancement structure 32 comprises a plurality of enhancement layers which are stacked, the refractive indexes of materials of the enhancement layers are alternately and circularly arranged in a high-low mode, a high-low mode and a low-high mode, and the difference of the refractive indexes of the materials of two adjacent layers is larger than 0.4.
S05, evaporating the up-conversion luminescence layer 33 by adopting an FMM mask; the material of the upconversion luminescent layer 33 may be a neodymium-ytterbium co-doped zirconia upconversion luminescent material.
S06, forming an encapsulation layer 6 to exclude the air inside the OLED and to isolate the entrance of external oxygen and moisture.
Example 4:
the present embodiment provides a display apparatus including any one of the above-described OLED light emitting devices. The display device may be: the display device comprises any product or component with a display function, such as electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator and the like.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An OLED light emitting device comprising a cathode, an anode, and a blue light emitting cell, the blue light emitting cell comprising:
a first color light emitting material layer, the light of the first color being visible light having a wavelength higher than that of blue light;
a light energy enhancing structure for enhancing energy of light passing therethrough;
an upconversion luminescent layer composed of an upconversion luminescent material that emits blue light after being excited by a first color of light;
the OLED light-emitting device is provided with a light-emitting surface, the light energy enhancement structure is closer to the light-emitting surface than the first color light-emitting material layer, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer is closer to the light-emitting surface than the light energy enhancement structure.
2. The OLED light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the light energy enhancement structure includes a plurality of enhancement layers stacked, each enhancement layer having a thickness of 1/4 a wavelength of the first color of light, and the difference in refractive index of the materials of adjacent enhancement layers is greater than 0.4.
3. The OLED light emitting device of claim 2, wherein the enhancement layers include high index enhancement layers and low index enhancement layers, the high index enhancement layers alternating with the low index enhancement layers.
4. The OLED light emitting device of claim 2, wherein the material of the enhancement layer comprises TiO2、SiO2、ZnS、MgF2Any one or a mixture of several of them.
5. The OLED light emitting device of claim 1, further comprising a first color light emitting unit comprising a first color light emitting material layer, wherein the first color light emitting material layer of the first color light emitting unit is disposed in the same layer as the first color light emitting material layer of the blue light emitting unit.
6. The OLED light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the OLED light emitting device is a top-emission OLED light emitting device, the first color light emitting material layer is disposed between the cathode and the anode, and the light energy enhancement structure is disposed between the upconversion light emitting layer and the cathode.
7. The OLED light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the first color emissive material layer includes a red emissive material; the upconversion luminescent material which emits blue light after being excited by the first color light comprises a neodymium-ytterbium codoped zirconia upconversion luminescent material.
8. A method for preparing the OLED light-emitting device of any one of claims 1-7, comprising:
a step of forming a cathode, a step of forming an anode, and a step of forming a blue light emitting unit between the step of forming the cathode and the step of forming the anode;
the method for forming the blue light-emitting unit comprises a step of forming a first color light-emitting material layer, a step of forming an up-conversion light-emitting layer, and a step of forming a light energy enhancement structure between the steps of forming the first color light-emitting material layer and the up-conversion light-emitting layer, wherein the OLED light-emitting device is provided with a light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion light-emitting layer is formed closer to the light-emitting surface than the first color light-emitting material layer.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising a step of forming a first color light emitting unit, wherein the step of forming the first color light emitting unit comprises a step of forming a first color light emitting material layer, and wherein the first color light emitting material layer of the first color light emitting unit is formed in synchronization with the first color light emitting material layer of the blue light emitting unit.
10. A display device comprising the OLED light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN109360848B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-01-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pixel structure, display substrate and display device |
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| KR101983229B1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2019-05-29 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Organic light emitting device and method for manufacturing the same |
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