CN108415465A - A kind of flow control system pressure observation method - Google Patents
A kind of flow control system pressure observation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108415465A CN108415465A CN201810076113.8A CN201810076113A CN108415465A CN 108415465 A CN108415465 A CN 108415465A CN 201810076113 A CN201810076113 A CN 201810076113A CN 108415465 A CN108415465 A CN 108415465A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
- G05D7/0629—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means
- G05D7/0676—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means by action on flow sources
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of flow control system pressure observation method, establishes pressure value P of the flow control system in stable state and t ∈ [0, Td] changes in flow rate amount Δ q1(t) relational expression passes through sampling period measured discharge undulating value Δ q (m) and estimated flow undulating value Δ qg(m) error and error derivative, carry out decision-making system pressure value, ductwork pressure measurement can be realized without press detection sensor and auxiliary circuit in the present invention, eliminate the installation and debugging required time and cost of pressure sensor and additional processing circuitry, so that system structure is simpler, system cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measurement and control areas, and in particular to a kind of flow control system pressure observation method, especially suitable constant current
The pressure online observation of amount control system.
Background technology
Flow-rate adjustment control has a wide range of applications in fields such as chemical industry, food, medicine, water supply.Early stage flow-rate adjustment master
To be opened by the aperture of adjusting control valve and output flow be adjusted, but there are high energy consumption, adjustable range is little the deficiencies of.
The current main scheme using frequency control realizes the adjusting of output flow, and principle is mainly by detecting output flow and setting
Deviation between flow, and feedback compensation control algorithm is carried out to the deviation, and then the output frequency of frequency converter is adjusted, change pump
Rotating speed, realize the stability contorting of output flow.In chemical industry, food, the fields such as medicine, water supply, when long due to the liquid of conveying
Between run in the duct, may have dirt deposition, entire pipeline effective sectional area is caused to become smaller, pipe resistive is big, is setting
Under traffic conditions, pump discharge and ductwork pressure increased dramatically, and conveyance conduit and relevant connection element fault risk is caused to increase.It removes
Except this, due to increased dramatically for pump discharge pressure, causes the power of frequency conversion flow control system to sharply increase, lead to frequency converter
And the overlond running of pump, increase the failure risk of frequency conversion flow control system.In order to take precautions against the failure, generally at pump discharge
Or increase pressure sensor at pipe network key node, for detecting the pressure in pipe network in real time, it is ensured that system safety and stability is transported
Row.But the program increases press detection sensor due to needing, and on the one hand increases the complexity and hardware cost of pipe network, another
Aspect frequency conversion flow control system needs increase corresponding function module, such as signal conditioning circuit, sampling in terms of software and hardware
Circuit, software handler etc..
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a kind of flow control system pressure simple in structure, applicability is good
Power observation procedure.
The present invention provides a kind of flow control system pressure observation method, it is characterised in that：Its step are as follows：
1) pressure value P of the flow control system in stable state and t ∈ [0, T are establishedd] changes in flow rate amount Δ q1(t) pass
It is formula：Wherein；P is ductwork pressure value, and F is frequency converter output frequency, and Q is disengaging liquid
Flow, T are environment temperature, TbFor pressurized tank rated temperature, VbFor air pressure tank gas chamber nominal volume, PbIt is specified for air pressure tank gas chamber
Pressure, t are time variable, TdFor pre-defined observation interval, Δ F is frequency disturbance increment；
2) with sampling period TsThe flow value of flow control system and the output frequency of frequency converter are sampled for interval,
And flow value q (k) and output frequency f (k) are obtained, wherein k is sampling number；
3) and according to the flow value q (k) and output frequency f (k) sampled, the flow value number being made of N number of element is established
Group { q (i) } and frequency converter output frequency array { f (i) }, wherein i=k-N+1, k-N+2 ... and k }, N is preset
Positive integer more than 1, q (i) |＜=0 i=0, f (i) |＜=0 i=0；
4) judge whether flow control system is in stable state, and when determining that it is in stable state, obtain frequency conversion
The average value of device output frequency array { f (i) }And the moment is labeled as the t=0 moment, give output frequency
One fixed frequency disturbance increment Delta F, f (mTs)=F+ Δs F；
5) judge whether m ＞ M are true, if not, then in t=mTsMoment, sample streams magnitude q (m), and acquire Δ q
(m)=q (m)-Q；K=k+1 is updated if setting up；It is sampled next time；
6) it to the Δ q (m) obtained in step 5), carries outJudge, wherein α is setting positive value, in its establishment
When, then by estimated pressure Pg[m] and Q, F, Δ F, Pb、Vb, T and t=mTsThe relational expression established in step 1) is substituted into,And obtain flow volume change values Δ qg(m)；
7) it is directed to the flow volume change values Δ q obtained in step 6)g(m), e (m)=Δ q (m)-Δs q is obtainedg(m) andWherein：E (m), e'(m) indicate respectively m-th sampling period measured discharge undulating value Δ q (m) with
Estimated flow undulating value Δ qg(m) error and error derivative；
8) judge whether to meet simultaneously | e (m) | ＜ ε1With | e'(m) | ＜ ε2, wherein：ε1,ε2Respectively setting very little just
Number；If satisfied, then licenced pressure estimated value Pg[m] is exactly flow control system actual pressure value, i.e. P=Pg[m] is system pressure
Value, more new variables and estimated value, m=m+1 if being unsatisfactory for；Pg[m]=Pg[m-1]-e'[m-1] e [m-1], and re-start m
＞ M judge.
Include the following steps in step 1)：
1. establishing flow control system water pump output power equation：
Wherein：η is the efficiency of pump, i.e., the ratio between motor effective power and shaft power, s are revolutional slip, R1,R2,X1σ,
X2σ,m1,For the intrinsic parameter of pump motor；
2. carrying out small signal disturbance to the equation of step 1., obtains relational expression and be reduced to
QΔp(t)+PΔq1(t)+Δq1(t) Δ p (t)=k'(2F Δ F+ Δs F2), wherein：q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t),
F (t)=F+ Δs F, p (t)=P+ Δ p (t), k'=η k,
3. in t ∈ [0, Td] obtain system small-signal model equation：
4. obtaining in t ∈ [0, Td], the volume change of air pressure tank liquid chamber；
And thus obtain t ∈ [0, Td] when liquid chamber volume
Chamber volumeAnd it is obtained according to equation for ideal gases
To the air chamber pressure variable quantity of air pressure tankAnd thus obtain ductwork pressure variable quantity
5. 3. 4. being obtained with step according to stepAnd it finally obtains
The average value of flow value array { q (i) } is obtained in step 4)And it solves
Judge whether to meet：σq≤εq, wherein：εqTo set positive value, if it meets, then it is assumed that flow control system is in stable state.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
One, compared with existing by installing pressure transducer arrangement, the present invention is without press detection sensor and auxiliary electricity
Ductwork pressure observation can be realized in road, the time required to eliminating the installation and debugging of pressure sensor and additional processing circuitry and at
This so that system structure is simpler, and system cost is lower；
Two, flow control system pressure detection method of the present invention has detection speed fast, and reliability is high, practicability
The features such as strong；Can effectively protect pipe network scale precipitation serious conditions low-converter, pump overload operation caused by failure, be pipe network,
The safe efficient operation of frequency conversion system provides reliable ensure.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of flow control system.
Fig. 2 is flow control system lift-pipe resistance characteristic figure.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The present invention provides a kind of flow control system pressure observation methods, mainly establish the mathematics of flow control system
Model, and the mathematical model according to foundation gives pressure observation method.Flow control system mathematical model establishes process such as
Under：
Flow control system schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1, include mainly fluid supply, check valve 2, pump M, flow detector 3, gas
Press tank 4, controller 5 and frequency converter 6 etc..Fluid supply be mainly need carry out flow control liquid medium, can be water, oil or
Other liquid；2 major function of check valve is to prevent liquid from flowing backwards；M is pumped by impeller blade high speed rotation by the liquid in fluid supply
It is transported to pipeline；Flow detector 3 is for detecting rate of discharge；Air pressure tank 4 is mainly the function of stablizing ductwork pressure；Control
Device 5 mainly realizes input, the display of operating status and the operation of system control program of relevant parameter；Frequency converter 6 mainly passes through
The controlled quentity controlled variable that controller is sent out is received, revolution speed is adjusted, realizes pump output flow control.
Variable declaration is as follows：q1(t) it is pump discharge flow；q2(t) it is vacuum tank rate of discharge；P (t) is the pressure of pipe network
Value；F (t) is frequency converter output frequency；Air pressure tank chamber volume is v1(t)；Air pressure tank air chamber pressure pa(t), air pressure tank liquid chamber body
Product is v2(t), air pressure tank sectional area is S, and air pressure tank total volume is Vz, air pressure tank rated pressure value Pb, the specified body of air pressure tank gas chamber
Product Vb, air pressure tank rated temperature Tb, environment temperature is T (t), and t is time variable, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity.
When flow control system stable state：Ductwork pressure value is P, and frequency converter output frequency is F, and disengaging fluid flow is Q, ring
Border temperature is T, and air pressure tank chamber volume is V1, liquid chamber volume is V2, the unit of above-mentioned all amounts is international unit.Define t=
0 moment be system with the last moment of frequency F stable operations, that is, exist：
Assuming that [0, Td] running frequency that pumps in the time is：F (t)=F+ Δ F, Δ F is frequency disturbance increment, usual feelings
Under condition | Δ F | ＜ ＜ F；TdFor pre-defined observation interval, for the time value more than 0, according to flow control system
Energy index is different and artificially determines；Then pressure value is p (t)=P+ Δ p (t), and Δ p (t) is pressure oscillation value caused by Δ F；Pump
Rate of discharge is q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t), Δ q1(t) it is pump discharge flow undulating value caused by Δ F；Air pressure tank rate of discharge is
q2(t)=Q+ Δs q2(t), Δ q2(t) it is air pressure tank rate of discharge undulating value caused by Δ F；It is controlled by motor frequency conversion it is found that pumping
The relationship of output power be：
Wherein：ρ × the q on the equation left side1(t) × p (t) is the shaft power of pump；η is the efficiency of pump；
For the output power of motor；S is revolutional slip；R1,R2,X1σ,X2σ,m1,For the intrinsic parameter of pump motor；
Since pump motor uses variable frequency regulating speed control, so s is held essentially constant.It enables：
K is only related with motor structural parameters itself, unrelated with flow, pressure.So formula (1) can be reduced to：
q1(t) p (t)=k η f (t)2/ρ (3)
Enable k'=η k/ ρ.Then in t=0, have：
QP=k'F2 (4)
In t ∈ [0, Td], by q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t), f (t)=F+ Δs F and p (t)=P+ Δ p (t) substitute into formula (4)：
(Q+Δq1(t)) (P+ Δ p (t))=k'(F+ Δ F)2 (5)
It is unfolded (5), and arranges：
PQ+QΔp(t)+PΔq1(t)+Δq1(t) Δ p (t)=k'(F2+2FΔF+ΔF2) (6)
(4) substitution (6) can be obtained：
QΔp(t)+PΔq1(t)+Δq1(t) Δ p (t)=k'(2F Δ F+ Δs F2) (7)
Since there are the big inertia damping links of air pressure tank, then in t ∈ [0, Td] changes in flow rate amount Δ q in the short time1(t) draw
Pressure variety Δ p (t) very littles risen meet：
| Δ p (t) | ＜ ＜ P (8)
It is obtained so arranging (7)：
QΔp(t)+PΔq1(t)=k'(2F Δ F+ Δs F2) (9)
By formula (9) divided by (4) and consider | Δ F | ＜ ＜ F can be obtained：
Due in t ∈ [0, Td] have | Δ p (t) | ＜ ＜ P, i.e. ductwork pressure are kept approximately constant, and are not had in pipe resistance characteristic
In the case of change, the rate of discharge variation delta q of air pressure tank2(t) 0 ≈, i.e. q2(t)≈Q.Have according to air pressure tank kinetics equation：
In t ∈ [0, Td], the volume change of air pressure tank liquid chamber is：
So t ∈ [0, Td] liquid chamber volume is：
Because V is remained unchanged, thus chamber volume is：
In t ∈ [0, Td] in the time, environment temperature remains unchanged, then from equation for ideal gases：
(13) are substituted into (14) and are arranged：
Enable Δ pa(t)=pa(t)-pa(0) it is air pressure tank air chamber pressure variable quantity, then：
According to hydraulic principle it is found that ductwork pressure variable quantity is：
By pa(0)=P substitutes into formula (17), can obtain：
Simultaneous (18) and (10) simultaneously arrange：
It enables：Then have：Y'(t)=Δ q1 (t), thus have：Y (0)=y'(0)=0, to formula
(19) arranging can obtain：
The differential equation (20) is arranged and considers that Δ F ＜ ＜ F, 2 × Δ F ＜ ＜ F can be obtained：
Solving (21) can obtain：
It willIt substitutes into formula (22) and arranges：
In t ∈ [0, Td], due to | Δ F | ＜ ＜ F and | Δ p (t) | ＜ ＜ P, according to (5) it is found that Δ q1(t) ＜ ＜ Q, institute
To have：
Below for Δ F withSyntactics discuss analysis：As Δ F ＞ 0, due to f (t)
=F+ Δ F ＞ F, thus q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t) ＞ Q, so there is Δ q1(t) 0 ＞；Similarly, as Δ F ＜ 0, due to f (t)=
F+ Δ F ＜ F, thus q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t) ＜ Q, so there is Δ q1(t) 0 ＜；So：Δ F and Δ q1(t) jack per line, that is, Δ
F and y (t) jack per lines.So having：
Again due in t ∈ [0, Td], the right end of formula (24) meets：Qt ＞ 0, so having：
So formula (24) can arrange：
(27) are solved equation to obtain：
Again because of Δ q1(t)=y'(t), so having：
Because of air pressure tank No leakage, then from equation for ideal gases：
Simultaneous formula (29) and (30), and arrange：
Due to t ∈ [0, Td], if to TdSelection meets inequality：
Then (31) are carried out the expansion of Taylor series year and arranged to obtain：
Due toSo expression formula (33) can be approximately：
P is ductwork pressure value, and F is frequency converter output frequency, and Q is disengaging fluid flow, and T is environment temperature, TbFor air pressure
Tank rated temperature can also be calibration temperature, VbFor air pressure tank gas chamber nominal volume, calibration volume, P can also bebFor air pressure tank gas chamber
Rated pressure, can also be nominal pressure, and t is time variable, TdFor pre-defined observation interval, Δ F is frequency disturbance
Increment.
Due to parameter, Δ q1(t), Q, F, Δ F, Pb、Vb、Tb, T and t be observable quantity and known quantity, thus pass through acquisition
In t ∈ [0, Td] changes in flow rate amount Δ q1(t) value can observe values of pressure p of the flow control system in stable state
Size.
The present invention provides a kind of flow control system pressure observation methods, include the following steps：
(1) with sampling period TsFlow control system flow value and frequency converter output frequency are sampled for interval, it will
First time sampled value is labeled as q (1) and f (1)；Present sample number is k, enables k=1；
(2) the flow value array { q (i) } being made of N number of element and frequency converter output frequency array { f (i) } are established,
Wherein i={ k-N+1, k-N+2 ... k }, N be it is preset be more than 1 positive integer, k is present sample number；q(i)|＜=0 i
=0, f (i) |＜=0 i=0；
(3) judge whether flow is in stable state, the definition of stable state is：Calculate the average value of { q (i) }And it solvesJudge whether to meet：σq≤εq, wherein：εqTo set positive value,
It can be set according to real system, for example 0.05 or 0.1 can be taken.If it is satisfied, then thinking that flow control system is in
Stable state enters step (4)；Otherwise, flow control system plays pendulum, and is transferred to step (11).
(4) average value of frequency converter output frequency is solved
(5) t=0 is denoted as with blaze at this time, gives output frequency one smaller frequency disturbance increment Delta F, i.e. f (mTs)=F
+ΔF；
(6) P is definedg[m] is t=mTs(m=1,2 ..., M) moment estimated pressure defines Δ qg(m) it is the corresponding moment
Changes in flow rate estimated value,
Enable m=1；E (0)=0；E'(0)=0；Setting pressure estimates that initial value is respectivelyWhereinTo appoint
The initial value of the estimated pressure of meaning setting；
(7) judge whether m ＞ M are true, if set up, be transferred to step (11)；Otherwise, in t=mTsMoment, sample streams
Magnitude is denoted as q (m)；Obtain Δ q (m)=q (m)-Q；
(8) judge(α is setting positive value, can be set according to real system, for example can take 0.01
Or it is 0.1) whether true.If invalid, it is transferred to step (11)；Otherwise, by estimated pressure Pg[m] and Q, F, Δ F, Pb、
Vb, T and t=mTsSubstitute into formula：Solution obtains Δ qg(m)。
(9) e (m)=Δ q (m)-Δs q is found out respectivelyg(m) andWherein：E (m), e'(m) point
M-th of sampling period measured discharge undulating value Δ q (m) and estimated flow undulating value Δ q are not indicatedg(m) error and error is led
Number.
Judge whether to meet simultaneously | e (m) | ＜ ε1With | e'(m) | ＜ ε2(wherein：ε1,ε2Respectively setting very little just
Number, can be set, for example be set as 0.1 or 0.2 etc. according to real system) if it is, entering step (10)；
Otherwise, more new variables and estimated value；
Enable m=m+1；Pg[m]=Pg[m-1]-e'[m-1] e [m-1], return to step (7).
(10) estimated pressure Pg[m] is exactly flow control system actual pressure value, i.e. P=Pg[m] is system pressure value.
(11) k=k+1 is enabled；It is sampled next time, and marks the sampled value of output flow value and frequency converter output frequency
For q (k) and f (k)；Return to step (2).
Embodiment is not construed as limitation of the present invention, any spiritual improvements introduced based on the present invention, all Ying Ben
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of flow control system pressure observation method, it is characterised in that：Its step are as follows：
1) pressure value P of the flow control system in stable state and t ∈ [0, T are establishedd] changes in flow rate amount Δ q1(t) relational expression：Wherein；P is ductwork pressure value, and F is frequency converter output frequency, and Q is disengaging liquid flow
Amount, T is environment temperature, TbFor pressurized tank rated temperature, VbFor air pressure tank gas chamber nominal volume, PbFor the specified pressure of air pressure tank gas chamber
Power, t are time variable, TdFor pre-defined observation interval, Δ F is frequency disturbance increment；
2) with sampling period TsThe flow value of flow control system and the output frequency of frequency converter are sampled for interval, and obtained
It is sampling number to take flow value q (k) and output frequency f (k), wherein k；
3) and according to the flow value q (k) and output frequency f (k) sampled, the flow value array { q being made of N number of element is established
(i) } and frequency converter output frequency array { f (i) }, wherein i={ k-N+1, k-N+2 ... k }, N is preset is more than
1 positive integer, q (i) |＜=0 i=0, f (i) |＜=0 i=0；
4) judge whether flow control system is in stable state, and when determining that it is in stable state, it is defeated to obtain frequency converter
Go out the average value of frequency array { f (i) }And the moment is labeled as the t=0 moment, give output frequency one
A fixed frequency disturbance increment Delta F, f (mTs)=F+ Δs F；
5) judge whether m ＞ M are true, if not, then in t=mTsMoment, sample streams magnitude q (m), and acquire Δ q (m)=
q(m)-Q；K=k+1 is updated if setting up；It is sampled next time；
6) it to the Δ q (m) obtained in step 5), carries outJudge, wherein α is setting positive value, when it is set up, then
By estimated pressure Pg[m] and Q, F, Δ F, Pb、Vb, T and t=mTsThe relational expression established in step 1) is substituted into,And obtain flow volume change values Δ qg(m)；
7) it is directed to the flow volume change values Δ q obtained in step 6)g(m), e (m)=Δ q (m)-Δs q is obtainedg(m) andWherein：E (m), e'(m) indicate respectively m-th sampling period measured discharge undulating value Δ q (m) with
Estimated flow undulating value Δ qg(m) error and error derivative；
8) judge whether to meet simultaneously | e (m) | ＜ ε1With | e'(m) | ＜ ε2, wherein：ε1,ε2Respectively set the positive number of very little；If
Meet, then licenced pressure estimated value Pg[m] is exactly flow control system actual pressure value, i.e. P=Pg[m] is system pressure value, if
It is unsatisfactory for then more new variables and estimated value, m=m+1；Pg[m]=Pg[m-1]-e'[m-1] e [m-1], and re-start m ＞ M and sentence
It is disconnected.
2. a kind of flow control system pressure observation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1) includes
Following steps：
1. establishing flow control system water pump output power equation：
Wherein：η is the efficiency of pump, i.e., the ratio between motor effective power and shaft power, s are revolutional slip, R1,R2,X1σ,X2σ,m1,For the intrinsic parameter of pump motor；
2. carrying out small signal disturbance to the equation of step 1., obtains relational expression and be reduced to Q Δs p (t)+P Δs q1(t)+Δq1(t)Δp
(t)=k'(2F Δ F+ Δs F2), wherein：q1(t)=Q+ Δs q1(t), f (t)=F+ Δs F, p (t)=P+ Δ p (t), k'=η k,
3. in t ∈ [0, Td] obtain system small-signal model equation：
4. obtaining in t ∈ [0, Td], the volume change of air pressure tank liquid chamber；
And thus obtain t ∈ [0, Td] when liquid chamber volumeGas
Building volumeAnd the air chamber pressure variable quantity of air pressure tank is obtained according to equation for ideal gasesAnd thus obtain ductwork pressure variable quantity
5. 3. 4. being obtained with step according to stepAnd it finally obtains
3. a kind of flow control system pressure observation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtained in step 4)
The average value of flow value array { q (i) }And it solvesJudge whether to meet：
σq≤εq, wherein：εqTo set positive value, if it meets, then it is assumed that flow control system is in stable state.
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Application publication date: 20180817 |