CN108415111A - The chirp body grating preparation method of glass is sold off based on photo-thermal - Google Patents
The chirp body grating preparation method of glass is sold off based on photo-thermal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108415111A CN108415111A CN201810496101.0A CN201810496101A CN108415111A CN 108415111 A CN108415111 A CN 108415111A CN 201810496101 A CN201810496101 A CN 201810496101A CN 108415111 A CN108415111 A CN 108415111A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
- G02B5/1857—Manufacturing methods using exposure or etching means, e.g. holography, photolithography, exposure to electron or ion beams
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Abstract
A kind of chirp body grating preparation method for selling off glass based on photo-thermal, the method include：Interfere using a branch of divergent beams and a branch of convergent beam, form the interference fringe that spacing gradually changes, interference fringe is recorded in photo-thermal and sells off in glass, forms chirp body grating.According to design requirement, the position of required writing light beam structural parameters and body grating, is obtained by computer programming calculation in grating writing process.The position that the structural parameters of writing light beam sell off glass with photo-thermal can be adjusted flexibly in the present invention, to realize the processing of different chirp coefficient body gratings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of diffraction optical element, are based particularly on the chirp body light that photo-thermal sells off glass
The preparation method of grid.Chirp body grating can realize that the compression and broadening of laser pulse, this grating can be applied to chirped pulse
In amplification system.
Background technology
In chirped pulse amplification system, for avoid optical pulse energy more than element damage threshold and lesion element, together
When can efficiently use the gain of gain media again, first pulse is entered back into after stretcher broadens in amplifier and is amplified, from
Pulse in amplifier out can be obtained by high-power ultrashort laser pulse in this way using compressor compresses.It is how real
Existing pulse broadening and pulse compression, Chirp Bragg grating is exactly a good selection.
Optical fiber Bragg chirp grating, the limitation and fiber nonlinear effect due to finite numerical aperture and optical fiber damage
Hinder the limitation of threshold value so that compressible obtained pulse peak power is restricted.Current high-power chirped pulse amplification system
In system, the broadening and compression of pulse are carried out applied to dielectric plane diffraction grating mostly.But dielectric grating has tradition
The shortcomings that plane grating：Volume is larger, polarization sensitivity is strong, structural stability is poor, light path adjusts complexity etc..In order to overcome these
Disadvantage, it is necessary to find a novel pulse stretcher and compressor reducer again.The chirp body grating of glass is sold off based on photo-thermal
Disadvantages mentioned above can be overcome, realize the broadening and compression of pulse.
For uniform body grating, collimated light beam can be applied to interfere, form equidistant interference fringe, be recorded in photo-thermal folding
Become in glass, then glass is sold off with heat treating process to handle photo-thermal, to obtain uniform body grating.（Xiong Baoxing, Yuan's filial piety,
Xiang etc., photo-thermal is quick to sell off glass and its volume Bragg grating characteristic research [J], Acta Optica, and 2012,32（8）：1205001）.
Currently, people have carried out extensive theoretical research and application to chirp body grating, but for chirp body grating
The seldom document of preparation method refers to.Since body grating is with certain thickness, the production method for being originally used for chirped fiber grating,
Chirp body grating is also no longer applicable in.Currently, a kind of chirp body grating preparation method using mask（Seunghoo Han,
Bong-Ahn Yu, Seunghwan Chung, et al. Filter characteristics of a chirped
volume holographic grating[J],Optics Letter, 2004, 29(1):107-109）, but this method must
The mask with chirp structure need be first inscribed, one piece of mask is only used for a kind of making of grating, and such grating is fabricated to
This is higher, and screen periods are not easily controlled.Therefore, develop that a kind of grating parameter is adjustable, prepared by inexpensive chirp body chirp
Method is necessary.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of chirp body grating that selling off glass based on photo-thermal, utilize one
Misconvergence of beams light beam is interfered with a branch of convergent beam, and interference fringe is recorded in photo-thermal and sells off formation chirp body grating in glass.This hair
Bright method is simple, easy to operate, and body grating parameter is flexibly adjustable, need not manufacture mask, can realize chirp body grating it is low at
This making.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of chirp body grating preparation method, it is characterised in that：Interfered by a branch of convergent beam and a branch of divergent beams, folded
Region is added to form light and dark interference fringe.The center of two light beams is respectively O1, O2, 2 points are located in X-axis, about Z axis pair
Claim, coordinate is respectively O1(-x0, 0,0), O2(x0, 0, 0).It will appear light and dark do in the overlap-add region of two light beams
Striped is related to, in two beam combination regions a bitP（X, y, z）Place, optical path difference are：
WhenPWhen point is located on Z axis, thenx=0,y=0, above formula becomes：
The width Λ of interference fringe is formed on Z axis：
λRIt is the wavelength of writing light beam.
In reflecting body grating in the case of light beam normal incidence, Bragg diffraction condition is λ=2n Λ.Chirp body grating
Spectrum chirp coefficientSCR：
If grating thicknessT, as available from the above equation：
According to the design requirement of grating（The thickness of body grating isT, center operating wavelength λ0, chirp coefficient isSCR）, above-mentioned body
Structural parameters x in grating writing process0With body grating center ZGCan be by following steps, and pass through computer programming
It is calculated：
1. Bragg diffraction condition λ=2n Λ, body grating mean refractive indexn=1.5, central wavelength lambda0, it is known that Λ0=λ0/2n ；
3. the Z axis coordinate at body grating both ends is respectively z1= ZG(x0)-T/2 and z2= ZG(x0)+T/2, corresponding screen periods
Respectively Λ1And Λ2.According to SCR=2n (Λ1-Λ2)/T passes through calculating, you can determines beam arrangement parameter x0With in body grating
Heart position ZG。
The preparation method of the body chirp grating, includes the following steps：
1. according to design requirement, beam arrangement parameter x needed for grating writing process is calculated0With body grating center
ZG；
2. according to parameter adjustment light beam recording beam path is calculated, the diverging center of two light beams and convergence center is made to be located at O1,
O2, body grating center is located at ZG；
3. according to the wavelength and energy of the characteristic of temperature-sensitive glass and writing light beam, the time for exposure is determined；
4. the photo-thermal after being exposed to completion is sold off glass and is heat-treated, its refractive index is made to occur after uv-exposure and heat treatment
Change, i.e., sells off formation chirp body grating on glass in photo-thermal.
Chirp body grating preparation method provided by the present invention, it is dry with a branch of convergent beam by a branch of divergent beams of application
It relates to, forms the interference fringe that spacing gradually changes, interference fringe is recorded in photo-thermal and sells off in glass, forms chirp body grating.
According to design requirement, the position of required beam arrangement parameter and body grating, passes through computer programming in grating writing process
It is calculated.The present invention can sell off the position of glass by the structural parameters and photo-thermal that writing light beam is adjusted flexibly, to real
The processing of existing different chirp coefficient body gratings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 chirp body grating structural schematic diagrams.
Fig. 2 present invention convergent beam and divergent beams schematic diagram when recording chirp body grating.
The schematic device of chirp body grating is recorded in Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention.
Body grating time delay is with curve in Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention（T=50mm, λ0=1550nm,SCR=3.2nm/cm）.
In Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention, for T=50mm, n=1.5, λ0The body grating of=1550nm, spectrum chirp coefficientSCR
With beam arrangement parameter x0Change curve.
In Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention, for T=50mm, n=1.5, λ0=1550nm body gratings, body grating center ZGWith
Structural parameters x0Change curve.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the protection model of the present invention should not be limited with this
It encloses.
Refering to fig. 1, Fig. 1 (a) is the chirp body grating structural schematic diagram made by the present invention, and screen periods are with Z axis
Direction gradually changes, and Fig. 1 (b) gives change curve of the screen periods with Z axis.
Fig. 2 is present invention convergent beam and divergent beams schematic diagram when recording chirp body grating.Pass through a branch of converging light
Beam is interfered with a branch of divergent beams, and light and dark interference fringe is formed in overlap-add region.The center of divergent beams is O1(x1, 0,
0), the center of convergent beam is O2(x2, 0,0), if 2 points symmetrical about Z axis, then x1=-x0, x2= x0.Then O1(-x0, 0,
0), O2(x0, 0, 0).Will appear light and dark interference fringe in overlap-add region, fringe period along Z axis by
Gradual change.
A point P in two beam combination regions（X, y, z）Place, optical path difference are：
When P points are located on Z axis, then x=0, y=0, above formula become：
The width of interference fringe is formed on Z axis：
λRIt is the wavelength of writing light beam.Shown in the structure such as Fig. 1 (b) for forming chirp body grating.
Fig. 3 is the schematic device of record chirp body grating of the embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment, using divide amplitude
It is split, forms two beam coherent beams.The laser sent out from laser 1 is divided into two after collimated beam expander 2 by beam splitter 3
Shu Guang, transmitted light expand again through beam expander 4, are then reflected through speculum 5, and last concentrated lens 7 focus, and form converging light
Beam.The light beam reflected by beam splitter 3 forms divergent beams after the reflection of speculum 6, then through divergent lens 8.Convergent beam with
Divergent beams overlap-add region forms not equidistant interference fringe, and interference fringe is recorded in photo-thermal and sells off on glass 9, forms Zhou
It sings body grating.
It is as follows to record required parameter and formula when chirp body grating：
(1) the thickness T of chirp body grating：First reflecting surface and the last one reflecting surface when light beam reflects in chirp body grating
The distance between；
(2) in reflecting body grating, when wavelength is the light beam normal incidence of λ, Bragg diffraction condition is：λ=2n Λ, n are grating
Mean refractive index, Λ be body grating screen periods.Central wavelength lambda0Corresponding grating period A0, Λ0=λ0/2n；
(3) the spectrum chirp coefficient SCR of body grating： SCR=dλ/dz=2ndΛ/dz；
(4) screen periods and structural parameters x in Fig. 20, the relationship between z is shown in expression formula (1), body light can be determined according to formula (1)
Grid center ZG(x0), wherein-x0With x0Respectively divergent beams diverging center and convergent beam convergence center are in X-axis
Position coordinates.The Z axis coordinate at body grating both ends is respectively z1= ZG(x0)-T/2, z1= ZG(x0)+T/2, the light corresponding to both ends
Grid cycle is respectively Λ1, Λ2。SCR=2n(Λ1-Λ2)/T, and pass through computer programming calculation, you can determine structural parameters x0
With ZG。
In the embodiment of the present invention, for T=50mm, 0=1550nm of central wavelength lambda, the body grating of n=1.5, writing light beam wave
Long λR=325nm, spectrum chirp coefficient SCR=3.2nm/cm, according to above step, the structural parameters x that is calculated0=
1306.82cm with ZG=179.88cm。
As shown in Figure 1, the light of different wave length can reflect at grating different location, thus the reflected light of front end with it is last
There are maximum time delays between the reflected light at end（The maximum of pulse broadening）ts： ts=2nT/c, wherein c are the light velocity.When
Prolong dispersion SF：SF= ts/Δλ= 2n/c/SCR.Fig. 4 is in the embodiment of the present invention, for T=50mm, central wavelength lambda0=
1550nm, n=1.5, SCR=3.2nm/cm, the time lag curve of body grating.
Fig. 5 is in the embodiment of the present invention, for thickness T=50mm, central wavelength lambda0=1550nm, n=1.5, body grating,
Writing light beam wavelength XR=325nm, spectrum chirp coefficient SCR are with beam arrangement parameter x0Change curve.
Fig. 6 is in the embodiment of the present invention, for T=50mm, central wavelength lambda0=1550nm, n=1.5, body grating, record
Light beam wavelength λR=325nm, spectrum chirp coefficient SCR are with beam arrangement parameter x0Change curve.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of chirp body grating preparation method for selling off glass based on photo-thermal, be characterized in that using a branch of divergent beams with it is a branch of
Convergent beam is interfered, and the interference fringe that spacing gradually changes is formed, and interference fringe is recorded in photo-thermal and sells off in glass, forms light
The chirp body grating that grid cycle gradually changes.
2. chirp body grating preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the two beam recording light beams（One misconvergence of beams
Light beam and a branch of convergent beam）For coherent light, parameter setting is as follows：The center of divergent beams and convergent beam is respectively O1,
O2, 2 points are located in X-axis, and symmetrical about Z axis, coordinate is respectively O1(-x0, 0, 0) O1, O2(x0, 0,0), record body light
Photo-thermal used in grid is sold off glass and is placed along Z axis, and the thickness on Z axis isT, the Z axis coordinate at body grating center is ZG, note
Record light beam wavelength is λR, the period that chirp grating is formed on Z axis is Λ, and expression formula is：
。
3. chirp body grating preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that different chirps may be implemented in the method
It is prepared by the body grating of coefficient；According to the design requirement of chirp body grating, required beam arrangement parameter in grating writing process
With the position of body grating, obtained by computer programming calculation；The method can join by adjusting the structure of writing light beam
Number sells off the position of glass with photo-thermal, realizes that the preparation of the body grating of different chirp coefficients, specific calculating process are as follows：
(1) according to operation wavelength λ, central wavelength lambda0, by Bragg diffraction condition λ=2n Λ, λ is calculated0Corresponding grating week
Phase Λ0;
(2) basis, calculate body grating center ZG(x0);
(3) according to spectrum chirp coefficient SCR=d λ/dz=2nd Λ/dz of body grating, the Z axis coordinate at body grating both ends is respectively
z1= ZG(x0)-T/2, z2= ZG(x0)+T/2, corresponding screen periods are respectively Λ1, Λ2；According to SCR=2n (Λ1-Λ2)/
T, and pass through computer programming calculation, you can determine beam arrangement parameter x0With body grating center ZG。
4. the preparation method of chirp body grating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that this method includes the following steps：
(1) according to design requirement, beam arrangement parameter x needed for grating writing process is calculated0With body grating center
ZG;
(2) according to the parameter being calculated, the x in recording beam path is adjusted0With ZG;
(3) according to the wavelength and energy of the characteristic of temperature-sensitive glass and write-in light beam, the time for exposure is determined；
(4) it is heat-treated to completing the photo-thermal glass after exposing, its refractive index is made to change, to sell off glass in photo-thermal
The upper optical grating construction for forming mechanical periodicity, i.e. chirp body grating.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110879433A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Preparation method of reflective volume grating based on photo-thermal conversion glass |
| CN112799160A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Photo-induced thermal deformation glass-based chirp rate-adjustable chirp volume grating exposure device and preparation method of chirp volume grating |
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| CN103048714A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 华中科技大学 | Reflection type volume Bragg grating and application of reflection type volume Bragg grating |
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| CN110879433A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Preparation method of reflective volume grating based on photo-thermal conversion glass |
| CN112799160A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Photo-induced thermal deformation glass-based chirp rate-adjustable chirp volume grating exposure device and preparation method of chirp volume grating |
| CN112799160B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Photo-induced thermal deformation glass-based chirp rate-adjustable chirp volume grating exposure device and preparation method of chirp volume grating |
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