CN108414416A - A kind of more sample infiltration coefficients test and comparison means and method - Google Patents
A kind of more sample infiltration coefficients test and comparison means and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108414416A CN108414416A CN201810082162.2A CN201810082162A CN108414416A CN 108414416 A CN108414416 A CN 108414416A CN 201810082162 A CN201810082162 A CN 201810082162A CN 108414416 A CN108414416 A CN 108414416A
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparison means and method, including water supply installation and Duo Tong experimental rigs, water supply installation is connected with the water inlet of more logical experimental rigs, the water inlet outer end of more logical experimental rigs is equipped with water pressure sensor and speed-regulating valve successively, mostly logical experimental rig includes that more connectors and sample house storehouse, sample houses storehouse one end and is connected with the water outlet of more connectors, the other end connects drainage arrangement, sample houses storehouse both ends and is equipped with loaded filter, solenoid valve is equipped on drainage arrangement successively, water flow sensor and water pressure sensor, speed-regulating valve, water flow sensor, water pressure sensor and solenoid valve are connected by connecting line with computer.The configuration of the present invention is simple, it is easy to operate, can under identical environment simultaneously measure and more a variety of various samples infiltration coefficient, can also free switching, the infiltration coefficient of A single sample is measured, testing efficiency and precision are substantially increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of measurement and test, and in particular to a kind of more sample infiltration coefficients test and comparison means and side
Method.
Background technology
Infiltration coefficient is an important hydrogeological parameter in hydrogeology, it indicate Darcy's law in flow velocity with
Hydraulic gradient is linear, and value is a proportionality constant, is the important indicator for describing soil body Permeable characteristic.In geotechnical engineering
In, it is sometimes necessary to compare the Penetration Signature difference between them by measuring the infiltration coefficient of various sample.Solving this
During a problem, suitable osmotic coefficient investigating method and device can be selected, it is poor to be directly related to sample Penetration Signature
The accuracy of different comparison result.
Currently, the measurement of the infiltration coefficient of various sample is not very high in the accuracy requirement to test result compared with
In the case of, permeability test twice is mostly carried out respectively using traditional osmotic coefficient investigating device, to reach various sample infiltration
Purpose of the coefficient determination compared with.It assumes that experimental enviroment is essentially identical twice, the infiltration coefficient caused by experimental enviroment difference
Evaluated error can be ignored.But due to water temperature, hydraulic pressure, water Mineral Component, the water velocity during testing twice
And caused error etc. can all have a little difference in operating process, lead to experimental enviroment always difference twice.And it removes
Outside the influence of soil body compaction rate etc. itself, influence of the conditions such as water temperature to soil body osmotic coefficient is very big, and utilizes and test twice
Do not ensure that these conditions are identical to measure.Therefore, in the experiment relatively high to test result accuracy requirement, tradition examination
The test method tested no longer is applicable in device.
Invention content
In order to solve problems in the prior art, a kind of more sample infiltration coefficients test and comparison means and method are provided,
A variety of various samples can be placed under identical experimental enviroment and be carried out at the same time experiment, greatly improved during permeability test
Improve the accuracy of the efficiency and test result of permeability test.
A kind of more sample infiltration coefficients of the present invention are tested and comparison means, including water supply installation and Duo Tong experimental rigs,
Water supply installation is connected with the water inlet of more logical experimental rigs, and being equipped with water pressure successively in the water inlet outer end of more logical experimental rigs passes
Sensor and speed-regulating valve, more logical experimental rigs include more connectors and sample houses storehouse, and sample houses storehouse one end and leads to more
The water outlet of connector is connected, and the other end connects drainage arrangement, be equipped with successively on drainage arrangement solenoid valve, water flow sensor and
Water pressure sensor, speed-regulating valve, water flow sensor, water pressure sensor and solenoid valve pass through connecting line and computer phase
Even, sample houses storehouse both ends and is additionally provided with loaded filter.
Further, water supply installation includes water feeding tank, water pump and penstocks.
Further, sample houses storehouse one end and is connect by screwed flange with more connectors water outlets, the other end and row
Water installations are connected by screwed flange, and screwed flange junction is equipped with gasket seal.
Further, drainage arrangement tail end connects collecting box.
Further, the water inlet outer end of mostly logical experimental rig is additionally provided with water flow sensor.
Further, mostly logical experimental rig is isometrical T shapes three-port structure.
A kind of test of more sample infiltration coefficients and comparative approach based on the test of more sample infiltration coefficients with comparison means, packet
Include following steps：
A, prepare infiltration sample；
B, infiltration sample sample is placed on to house in storehouse；
C, water supply installation is opened, controlling speed-regulating valve by computer adjusts water velocity, and flow is flowed into threeway experiment
In device, both sides infiltration sample is flowed to respectively, and flow, through infiltration sample, is finally passed through loaded filter and filled along draining by loaded filter
Outflow is set, after a period of time, flow tends towards stability, and the numerical value that three water pressure sensors of Computer display measure is basically unchanged,
Manual time-keeping is simultaneously carried out on computers simultaneously at this point, controlling water flow sensor by computer and starting to work；
D, after the t times, water pressure sensor outside threeway experimental rig water inlet by the pressure transmission detected to
Computer measures pressure value PC, water pressure sensor and water flow sensor on drainage arrangement are by the pressure detected and stream
Amount is transferred to computer, measures pressure value PA、PBWith flow value QA、QB；
E, according to preset calculation procedure calculation permeability coefficient in computer, the infiltration coefficient calculation formula is：
In formula：WithRespectively infiltration sample 1 and permeate the infiltration system that sample 2 permeates sample in T DEG C of test temperature
Number cm/s；
QAAnd QBThe flow value cm that respectively threeway experimental provision both ends water flow sensor measures3；
L is respectively the length cm for permeating sample；
A is the sectional area cm that sample houses storehouse2；
Δ1H and Δ2H is respectively top water flow sensor position C and lower part both ends water flow sensor position A and B
Head difference cm；
PC、PAAnd PBThe pressure values kpa that respectively top water pressure sensor is measured with lower part both ends water pressure sensor；
γWFor the severe of water, value is 9.8 × 10-6KN/cm3；
ZA、ZBAnd ZCDistance cm of respectively three water pressure sensors to collecting box bottom；
K20To permeate the infiltration coefficient cm/s of sample when normal temperature；
ηT、η20The coefficient of dynamic viscosity kpas of water at respectively T DEG C and 20 DEG C；
By data PAPBPC、QAQBThe when of calculating separately out 20 DEG C of normal temperature is substituted into infiltration coefficient calculation formula with t to permeate
The coefficient of permeability K of sample20 samples 1And K20 samples 2, and compare the Penetration Signature for permeating sample according to obtained infiltration coefficient.
In a steps, the method for preparing infiltration sample includes the following steps：
1) acquisition infiltration sample avoids mixing other non-soil samples to be measured in soil sample during sampling and transport；
2) sample washed-out sand will be permeated, air-dries, grind scattered；
3) scattered infiltration sample will be ground to be sieved, obtains the quantity needed for experiment；
4) gained infiltration sample is respectively put by granular size sequence and is stored in different drying receptacles and does labelled notation.
In b step, the method that sample is placed in the accommodating storehouse of sample will be permeated and included the following steps：
1) first layer loaded filter is packed into sample and houses the one end that intakes in storehouse；
2) the infiltration sample marked sample is put into house in storehouse；
3) reality is hit into infiltration sample layering, pours into 1/2 sample for the first time and houses the infiltration sample of 72 volume of storehouse and hit reality, the
Secondary 1/4 sample that pours into houses the infiltration sample of 72 volume of storehouse and hits reality, pours into 1/8 sample for the third time and houses oozing for 72 volume of storehouse
Saturating sample simultaneously hits reality, fills remaining sample and houses 72 volume of storehouse and hit reality for the 4th time；
4) after hitting real infiltration sample, second layer loaded filter is packed into the accommodating storehouse of sample and is discharged one end；
5) infiltration sample repeats above step placement and hits reality.
Advantageous effect：The configuration of the present invention is simple, it is widely used, can be during permeability test, while measuring and comparing
The infiltration coefficient of a variety of various samples reduces the influence come by experimental enviroment factor different band, compares over traditional artificial anti-
Repetition measurement tries, not only time saving and energy saving but also substantially increase measuring accuracy, and certainly, the present invention has been also compatible with traditional osmotic coefficient investigating dress
It sets, by the closure for controlling solenoid valve, you can be freely adjusted to osmotic coefficient investigating pattern of the tradition to A single sample.In addition,
Sample can also be different of the same race such as grain composition, compaction rate and soil construction either different types of soil body
The soil body, it is applied widely, there is stronger practicability and promotional value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is more sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparison means structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is more logical experimental rig structural schematic diagrams；
Fig. 3 is the test of more sample infiltration coefficients and comparison means structural schematic diagram using threeway experimental rig.
In figure：1- water feeding tanks, 2- penstocks, 3- water pumps, 4- speed-regulating valves, 5- water flow sensors, 5A- water flows
Sensor, 5B- water flow sensors, 5C- water flow sensors, 6- water pressure sensors, 6A- water pressure sensors, 6B- hydraulic pressure
The mostly logical experimental rig of force snesor, 6C- water pressure sensors, 7-, the more connectors of 71-, 72- samples house storehouse, 8- loaded filters,
9- screwed flanges, 10- gasket seals, 11- drainage arrangements, 12- solenoid valves, 13- collecting boxs.
Specific implementation mode
One embodiment of the present of invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparison means, water supply installation and threeway experimental rig, three
Logical experimental rig is isometrical T shapes three-port structure, and water supply installation includes water feeding tank 1, water pump 3 and penstocks 2, penstocks 2 with
The water inlet of threeway experimental rig 7 is connected, and the water inlet outer end of threeway experimental rig is equipped with water flow sensor 5C, hydraulic pressure successively
Force snesor 6C and speed-regulating valve 4, threeway experimental rig include that three-way connector 71 and sample house storehouse 72, and sample houses storehouse
72 one end are connect with three-way connector water outlet by screwed flange 9, and the other end is connect with drainage arrangement by screwed flange 9,
It is equipped with gasket seal 10 in 9 junction of screwed flange, sample houses 72 both ends of storehouse and is equipped with loaded filter 81,82, on drainage arrangement 11
It is equipped with solenoid valve 12, water flow sensor 5A (5B) and water pressure sensor 6A (6B) successively, speed-regulating valve 4, water flow pass
Sensor 5A, 5B, 5C, water pressure sensor 6A, 6B, 6C and solenoid valve 12 are connected by connecting line with computer, drainage arrangement 11
Tail end connects collecting box 13.
A kind of test of more sample infiltration coefficients and comparative approach based on the test of more sample infiltration coefficients with comparison means, packet
Include following steps：
A, prepare infiltration sample, include the following steps：
1) according to GB/T 50145-2007《The engineering classification standard of soil》The soil of middle coarse grain grain group requires acquisition infiltration examination
Sample avoids mixing other non-soil samples to be measured in soil sample during sampling and transport；
2) sample washed-out sand will be permeated, air-dries, grind scattered；
3) scattered infiltration sample will be ground to be sieved, obtains the quantity needed for experiment；
4) gained infiltration sample is respectively put by granular size sequence and is stored in different drying receptacles and does labelled notation.
B, infiltration sample is placed on sample to house in storehouse 72, is included the following steps：
1) first layer loaded filter 81 is packed into sample and houses the one end that intakes in storehouse 72；
2) the infiltration sample marked sample is put into house in storehouse 72；
3) sample will be permeated according to GB/T50123-1999《Standard for test methods of earthworks》It is required that layering hit reality, take
Primary 1/2 sample that pours into houses the infiltration sample of 72 volume of storehouse and hits reality, pours into 1/4 sample for the second time and houses oozing for 72 volume of storehouse
Saturating sample simultaneously hits reality, pours into 1/8 sample for the third time and houses the infiltration sample of 72 volume of storehouse and hit reality, fills remaining sample the 4th time
Accommodating 72 volume of storehouse simultaneously hits reality；
4) after hitting real infiltration sample, second layer loaded filter 82 is packed into sample and houses the water outlet one end of storehouse 72；
5) infiltration sample repeats above step placement and hits reality.
C, water supply installation is opened, controlling speed-regulating valve 4 by computer adjusts water velocity, and flow is by water pump 3 from confession
Water tank 1 is flowed into along penstocks 2 in threeway experimental rig, flows to both sides infiltration sample respectively, and flow passes through first layer anti-filter
Layer 81 is finally flowed into collecting box 13 by second layer loaded filter 82 through infiltration sample along drainage arrangement 11, after a period of time,
Flow tends towards stability, and the numerical value that Computer display three water pressure sensors 6A, 6B and 6C are measured is basically unchanged, at this point, passing through
Computer control water flow sensor 5A, 5B and 5C start to work and carry out manual time-keeping on computers simultaneously；
D, after the t times, water pressure sensor 6C and water flow sensor 5C outside threeway experimental rig water inlet will
The pressure and flow detected is transferred to computer, measures pressure value PC, flow value QC, the water pressure sensing on drainage arrangement 13
The pressure detected and flow are transferred to computer by device 6A, 6B and water flow sensor 5A, 5B, measure pressure value PA、PBAnd stream
Magnitude QA、QB, while calculating QCWhether Q is metC=QA+QBIf meet experiment can be normally carried out, if conditions are not met, if need to examine
It looks into experimental rig and whether there is failure；
E, according to preset calculation procedure calculation permeability coefficient in computer, the infiltration coefficient calculation formula is：
In formula：WithRespectively infiltration sample 1 and permeate the infiltration system that sample 2 permeates sample in T DEG C of test temperature
Number cm/s；
QAAnd QBThe flow value cm that respectively threeway experimental provision both ends water flow sensor measures3；
L is respectively the length cm for permeating sample；
A is the sectional area cm that sample houses storehouse2；
Δ1H and Δ2H is respectively top water flow sensor position 5C and lower part both ends water flow sensor position 5A and 5B
Head difference cm；
PC、PAAnd PBThe pressure values kpa that respectively top water pressure sensor is measured with lower part both ends water pressure sensor；
γWFor the severe of water, value is 9.8 × 10-6KN/cm3；
ZA、ZBAnd ZCDistance cm of respectively three water pressure sensors to collecting box bottom；
K20To permeate the infiltration coefficient cm/s of sample when normal temperature；
ηT、η20The coefficient of dynamic viscosity kpas of water at respectively T DEG C and 20 DEG C；
By data PAPBPC、QAQBThe when of calculating separately out 20 DEG C of normal temperature is substituted into infiltration coefficient calculation formula with t to permeate
The coefficient of permeability K of sample20 samples 1And K20 samples 2, and compare the Penetration Signature for permeating sample according to obtained infiltration coefficient.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparison means, which is characterized in that including water supply installation and Duo Tong experimental rigs
(7), which is characterized in that water supply installation is connected with the water inlet of more logical experimental rigs (7), the water inlet of mostly logical experimental rig (7)
Outer end is equipped with water pressure sensor (6C) and speed-regulating valve (4) successively, and more logical experimental rigs (7) include more connectors
(71) and sample houses storehouse (72), and sample houses storehouse (72) one end and is connected with the water outlet of more connectors (71), and the other end connects
Water installations of running in (11) are equipped with solenoid valve (12), water flow sensor (5) and water pressure biography on the drainage arrangement (11) successively
Sensor (6), the speed-regulating valve (4), water flow sensor (5), water pressure sensor (6) and solenoid valve (12) pass through connection
Line is connected with computer, and the sample houses storehouse (72) both ends and is additionally provided with loaded filter (81,82).
2. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 1 and comparison means, which is characterized in that the water supply
Device includes water feeding tank (1), water pump (3) and penstocks (2).
3. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 1 and comparison means, which is characterized in that the sample
Accommodating storehouse (72) one end is connect with more connectors (7) water outlet by screwed flange (9), and the other end passes through spiral shell with drainage arrangement
Line flange (9) connects, and screwed flange (9) junction is equipped with gasket seal (10).
4. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 1 and comparison means, which is characterized in that the draining
Device (11) tail end connects collecting box (13).
5. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 1 and comparison means, which is characterized in that described mostly logical
The water inlet outer end of experimental rig (7) is additionally provided with water flow sensor (5C).
6. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 1 and comparison means, which is characterized in that described mostly logical
Experimental rig (7) is isometrical T shapes three-port structure.
7. a kind of more sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparative approach, which is characterized in that this method is based on described in claim 6
More sample infiltration coefficient tests and comparison means, include the following steps：
A, prepare infiltration sample；
B, infiltration sample sample is placed on to house in storehouse (72)；
C, water supply installation is opened, controlling speed-regulating valve (4) by computer adjusts water velocity, and flow is flowed into threeway experiment dress
In setting, both sides infiltration sample is flowed to respectively, and flow through infiltration sample, finally passes through loaded filter (82) edge by loaded filter (81)
Drainage arrangement (13) flows out, and after a period of time, flow tends towards stability, three water pressure (6A, 6B, 6C) sensors of Computer display
The numerical value measured is basically unchanged, and is simultaneously being calculated simultaneously at this point, controlling water flow sensor (5A, 5B) by computer and starting to work
Manual time-keeping is carried out on machine；
D, after the t times, water pressure sensor (6C) outside threeway experimental rig water inlet by the pressure transmission detected to
Computer measures pressure value PC, the water pressure sensor (6A, 6B) on drainage arrangement (13) and water flow sensor (5A, 5B)
The pressure detected and flow are transferred to computer, measure pressure value PA、PBWith flow value QA、QB；
E, according to preset calculation procedure calculation permeability coefficient in computer, the infiltration coefficient calculation formula is：
In formula：WithRespectively infiltration sample 1 and permeate the infiltration coefficient that sample 2 permeates sample in T DEG C of test temperature
cm/s；
QAAnd QBThe flow value cm that respectively threeway experimental provision both ends water flow sensor measures3；
L is respectively the length cm for permeating sample；
A is the sectional area cm that sample houses storehouse2；
Δ1H and Δ2H is respectively the head of top water flow sensor position C and lower part both ends water flow sensor position A and B
Poor cm；
PC、PAAnd PBThe pressure values kpa that respectively top water pressure sensor is measured with lower part both ends water pressure sensor；
γWFor the severe of water, value is 9.8 × 10-6KN/cm3；
ZA、ZBAnd ZCDistance cm of respectively three water pressure sensors to collecting box bottom；
K20To permeate the infiltration coefficient cm/s of sample when normal temperature；
ηT、η20The coefficient of dynamic viscosity kpas of water at respectively T DEG C and 20 DEG C；
By data PAPBPC、QAQBThe when of calculating separately out 20 DEG C of normal temperature, which is substituted into infiltration coefficient calculation formula, with t permeates sample
Coefficient of permeability K20 samples 1And K20 samples 2, and compare the Penetration Signature for permeating sample according to obtained infiltration coefficient.
8. a kind of comparative approach of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in a steps,
The method for preparing infiltration sample includes the following steps：
1) acquisition infiltration sample avoids mixing other non-soil samples to be measured in soil sample during sampling and transport；
2) sample washed-out sand will be permeated, air-dries, grind scattered；
3) scattered infiltration sample will be ground to be sieved, obtains the quantity needed for experiment；
4) gained infiltration sample is respectively put by granular size sequence and is stored in different drying receptacles and does labelled notation.
9. a kind of comparative approach of more sample infiltration coefficient tests according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in b step,
The method that sample is placed in the accommodating storehouse of sample will be permeated to include the following steps：
1) first layer loaded filter (81) is packed into sample and houses the one end that intakes in storehouse (72)；
2) the infiltration sample marked sample is put into house in storehouse (72)；
3) reality is hit into infiltration sample layering, pours into 1/2 sample for the first time and houses the infiltration sample of storehouse (72) volume and hit reality, second
Secondary 1/4 sample that pours into houses the infiltration sample of storehouse (72) volume and hits reality, pours into 1/8 sample for the third time and houses storehouse (72) volume
Infiltration sample simultaneously hits reality, fills remaining sample and houses storehouse (72) volume and hit reality for the 4th time；
4) after hitting real infiltration sample, second layer loaded filter (82) is packed into sample and houses storehouse (72) water outlet one end；
5) infiltration sample repeats above step placement and hits reality.
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| CN108801881A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-13 | 福州大学 | The horizontal and vertical infiltration coefficient simultaneous determination device of silt, cohesive soil and its test method |
| CN109459364A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-12 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental rig and method for reinforcing calcareous coarse-grained soil based on MICP |
| CN109459364B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-04-09 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for reinforcing calcareous coarse-grained soil based on MICP |
| CN117782941A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队) | Medium permeability coefficient test device |
| CN117782941B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-05-28 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队) | Medium permeability coefficient test device |
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