CN108412924A - A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108412924A CN108412924A CN201810115512.0A CN201810115512A CN108412924A CN 108412924 A CN108412924 A CN 108412924A CN 201810115512 A CN201810115512 A CN 201810115512A CN 108412924 A CN108412924 A CN 108412924A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical class [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 graphite Alkene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003805 vibration mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/023—Composite materials containing carbon and carbon fibres or fibres made of carbonizable material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
- F16D2200/0047—Ceramic composite, e.g. C/C composite infiltrated with Si or B, or ceramic matrix infiltrated with metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0052—Carbon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0065—Inorganic, e.g. non-asbestos mineral fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0078—Materials; Production methods therefor laminated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses be related to a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof, using ceramic brake material powder and enhancing performance materials graphene and multiple elements design crystal as raw material, pass through layers of material powder successively and calculate preparation, vibrates preforming each layer batch mixing, multilayered structure, hot-press solidifying technique, heat treatment process and follow-up machining processes and prepare multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material.The high usage of brake block thickness is realized in ceramic multilayer gradient distribution, and compared to equally distributed brake block, can be saved the relative usage of enhancing performance materials and be ensured frictional behaviour.Meanwhile the features such as present invention does not use plurality of heavy metal raw material, has environmentally protective, stable friction performance at high temperature, and service life is long.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of automobile parts, and in particular to a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and
Preparation method belongs to auto industry field.
Background technology
With the fast development of development in science and technology and auto industry, automobile making starts towards to environmental protection, safety, high life
Direction is developed, while increasingly harsher requirement is proposed to the speed of brake system of car and automobile.Make above present automobile
Semimetal base brake block, few Metal Substrate brake block etc. all contain many heavy metal substances, in braking process, brake block
A large amount of metal powder will be discharged to cause damages to air environment.Brake block at work by bearing external pressure,
Friction is generated, so that automobile is achieved the purpose that deceleration, and as the main parts size of automobile brake, the wearability of brake pad material
It is very crucial with heat resistance, the safety to automobile of the excellent degree direct influence of performance, stability.Excellent brake block
Should have preferable stability, higher friction coefficient, smaller wear rate, smaller frictional noise and brake vibration etc. excellent
Point.Ceramic brake has medium density, high temperature resistant, service life compared with semimetal base and few Metal Substrate brake block, can be with
Increase by 1.5 times or more, has become the Main way of brake block research field.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material of present invention offer and its preparation side
Method, the ceramic brake have good physical mechanical property, frictional behaviour and thermal stability in the case where meeting environmental requirement,
To solve, the heat fading of existing product, abrasiveness is high and pollutes the problems such as big.
The present invention be solve the problems, such as it is set forth above used by technical solution be：
A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, with ceramic brake material powder and enhancing performance materials graphite
Alkene and multiple elements design crystal are raw material, design each layer thickness difference Multi-layer composite ceramic different with performance material content is enhanced and stop
Vehicle sheet material.
By said program, ceramic brake material matrix includes the component of following parts by weight by mass percentage：Ceramics
Fiber 17-22%, aramid fiber 4-7%, glass fibre 2-6%, SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin 13-19%, barite
14-20%, nitrile rubber powder 4-8%, graphite 4-7%, aluminium oxide 0.5-4%, potassium titanate crystal whisker 13-25%, white vermiculite power
3-8%.
By said program, each layer thickness of multi-layer compound structure is than by mass percentage：The thickness of top layer is 10-
20%, the thickness in middle level is 20-35%, and the thickness of bottom is 45-65%.
By said program, graphene and multiple elements design crystal are in the 1-1.5% and 2- that the content of top layer is substrate quality
2.5%, content in middle level is respectively the 1.5-2% and 3-3.5% of substrate quality, is respectively substrate quality in the content of bottom
2-2.5% and 3-4%.
In said program, the multiple elements design crystal has leaf spring characteristic, mainly by molar ratio 1:2:2 molybdenum, boron, silicon member
Element is constituted.The preparation method of multiple elements design crystal is as follows：Weigh by mass percentage ammonium molybdate 20-25%, boron powder 35-45%,
Silica flour 30-40% raw material powders mix ammonium molybdate powder, boron powder and silicon power raw material powder mull, and average grain diameter is 30-55 μm；
Then vacuum atmosphere oven is used to be sintered, sintering temperature is 550-650 DEG C of soaking time 2.5-3.5h, and protective gas is argon gas,
Sintering process is passed through oxygen intensified response, and oxygen intake is 55-145ml/min, obtains the multiple elements design crystal.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, layers of material powder is successively by difference
It vibrates preforming batch mixing, multilayered structure, hot press forming technology, heat treatment process and follow-up machining processes and prepares MULTILAYER COMPOSITE knot
Structure brake pad material.Specific preparation method includes the following steps：
1) matrix powder dispensing ceramic fibre, aramid fiber, glass fibre, SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, weight is brilliant
Stone, nitrile rubber powder, graphite, aluminium oxide, potassium titanate crystal whisker, white vermiculite power and graphene, multiple elements design crystal are calculated
Dispensing is classified to each layer preparing materials powder and is preserved；
2) vibration mixing procedure is respectively adopted in layers of material powder obtained by step 1) to be uniformly mixed；Wherein, vibration frequency
It is 50-70Hz, vibration force is 9000-11000N, and duration of oscillation is 30-40min；
3) material powder of the obtained uniformly mixed each layer of step 2) is used into multilayered structure preforming operation, according to
The sequence of bottom, middle level and top layer is sequentially loaded into mold, and every layer of mixed-powder is poured by corresponding thickness in mold, is then applied
Different pressure is added to make it that hierarchic structure be presented；
4) it prepared by the dry method hot press forming technology that multilayered structure compacted powder obtained by step 3) uses, is hot pressed into
The parameter of type technique is：Application pressing pressure is 17-22MPa, and press temperature is 150-170 DEG C, heat preservation, dwell time 150-
5-7 operation is repeated every 10-15s deflation 4-5s in 170min/cm.
5) brake block obtained by step 4) is used into heat treatment process, resinoid bond therein is allowed fully to cure, improved
Thermal stability is rapidly heated to 135-145 DEG C of heat preservation 2.5-3.5h by vacuum drying chamber (DZF-602), is then warming up to
165-175 DEG C of heat preservation 5.5-6h, then it is warming up to 180-190 DEG C of heat preservation 1.5-1.8h, it is finally cooled to room temperature；
6) brake block being heat-treated obtained by step 5) is subsequently machined, respectively to brake block by technology requirement profit
Disc grinder is carried out with equipment for grinding, grinding process requirement is 30-45 revs/min of equipment rotating speed；Polishing machine clears up brake block periphery
380-400 revs/min of burr, overlap and electrostatic painting process equipment rotating speed, 165-175 DEG C of temperature is post-processed, finally
Obtain multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material.
It is first to carry out nonmetal, compound fibric, reinforcing fiber that mixing process is vibrated in said program, described in step 2)
Premixing, ensures the homogeneously dispersed state of composite fibre, adds other dispensings, carries out shaken well.
In said program, the sequence of bottom described in step 2), middle level and top layer is sequentially loaded into mold process, and every layer mixed
It closes powder to pour into mold by corresponding thickness, bottom applies the compacting of 5Mpa-8Mpa active forces, and middle layer applies 4Mpa-5Mpa
Active force is compacted, and top layer applies the compacting of 2Mpa-3Mpa active forces；
Multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material provided by the present invention has excellent tribological property, friction
Coefficient is moderate (average value 0.372-0.441, fluctuating range are smaller), and it is 0.102-0.216 × 10 to have higher wear rate- 7cm3·N-1·m-1。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material of the present invention leads to graphene and multiple elements design crystal
It crosses in gradient-structure distribution ceramic brake basis material, brake can faster, more effectively be realized by enhancing graphene in performance materials
Vehicle piece performance, layer structure enhance the wearability of brake block and reduce wear rate；Multiple elements design crystal has similar Automobile Plate
The micro nano structure of spring, can also high degree improvement tribological property and noise-and-vibration-reduction performance, improve braking process relax
Adaptive.
2. multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake of the present invention, fluctuation range is small at high temperature for friction coefficient, frictional property
It can stablize, braking stablizes and have higher comfort, material low wear rate high degree to improve the service life of brake block；
The frictional interface layer of multi-layer compound structure can realize controllable preparation, have excellent greasy property and wear-resisting property, and the energy disappears
Consume it is low, be suitable for scale mass production.
3. in the research prepared about ceramic brake, the raw material powder that is mainly uniformly mixed of use is brake block
It can be uniformly distributed, but the thickness that brake block uses is only 1/3, so equally distributed brake pad material can lead to raw material
Waste.The high usage of brake block thickness is realized in ceramic multilayer gradient distribution of the present invention, and compared to equally distributed
Brake block can save the relative usage of enhancing performance materials and ensure frictional behaviour；Simultaneously as every layer of difference contains
It is different that the enhancing performance materials of amount make ceramic brake frictional layer have the function of：The stable frictional behaviour of upper layer performance, middle level
The heavily loaded pressure of support, bottom matrix composition are stablized；Meanwhile it is good to consider that multiple elements design crystal and graphene enhancing performance materials have
Good layer structure is easier to and the excellent performances such as matrix is compound.
4. multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake of the present invention, the ceramic fibre used, aramid fiber, glass fibre have height
The biological degradability of degree, is absorbed by the body and not will produce health problem；The present invention does not use plurality of heavy metal raw material, to ring
Border not will produce pollution, belong to environmentally friendly ceramic brake.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the multiple elements design crystal Flied emission stereoscan photograph prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is that the electron probe of the multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material polishing scratch prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 shines
Piece.
Fig. 4 is the friction coefficient of 1 ceramic brake of the embodiment of the present invention at different temperatures and wear rate figure.
Fig. 5 is the friction coefficient of 2 ceramic brake of the embodiment of the present invention at different temperatures and wear rate figure.
Fig. 6 is the friction coefficient of 3 ceramic brake of the embodiment of the present invention at different temperatures and wear rate figure.
Specific implementation mode
Further the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but present disclosure is not limited solely to
The following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, using ceramic brake sheet material as matrix, addition enhancing performance material
Expect that graphene and multiple elements design crystal, structure are divided into three layers of top layer, middle level and bottom, top layer, middle level and bottom enhance performance material
Expect that content is different；Top level structure thickness is 1.5mm, and the additive amount of graphene and multiple elements design crystal is substrate quality
1.5wt.% and 2wt.%；Media layer damage thickness is 2.5mm, and the additive amount of graphene and multiple elements design crystal is substrate quality
1.5wt.% and 3wt.%；Fabric thickness is 4mm, and the additive amount of graphene and multiple elements design crystal is substrate quality
2wt.% and 3.5wt.%.Wherein, the raw material of matrix includes by mass percentage：Ceramic fibre (18%), aramid fiber
(7%), glass fibre (2%), SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin (15%), barite (15%), nitrile rubber powder
(8%), graphite (6%), aluminium oxide (3%), potassium titanate crystal whisker (20%), white vermiculite power (6%).
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof specifically include it is as follows
Step：
1) multiple elements design crystal powder is prepared：It is mainly made of molybdenum B and Si, prepares ammonium molybdate (20%), boron powder
(40%), silica flour (40%) raw material powder grinds ammonium molybdate powder, boron powder and silicon power raw material powder by planet ball grinder
Mill mixing, average grain diameter are 50 μm；The raw material of mixed grinding is sintered using vacuum atmosphere oven, sintering process is 600 DEG C of heat preservations
2.5h, sintering protective atmosphere are argon gas, and oxygen intensified response is passed through in sintering process, and oxygen intake is 80ml/min, is obtained
The multiple elements design crystal.
2) multi-layer compound structure raw material is prepared, the powder ingredients of top level structure：0.78 gram of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber 0.31
Gram, 0.09 gram of glass fibre, 0.65 gram of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 0.65 gram of barite, nitrile rubber powder 0.35
Gram, 0.26 gram of graphite, 0.13 gram of aluminium oxide, 0.86 gram of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.26 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder 0.07
Gram and 0.09 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of media layer damage：1.30 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber
0.50 gram, 0.15 gram of glass fibre, 1.08 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 1.08 grams of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.58 gram, 0.43 gram of graphite, 0.22 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.44 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.43 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.11 gram and 0.22 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of fabric：2.07 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber are fine
0.81 gram of dimension, 0.23 gram of glass fibre, 1.73 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 1.73 grams of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.92 gram, 0.69 gram of graphite, 0.35 gram of aluminium oxide, 2.3 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.69 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.23 gram and 0.40 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；
3) by the dispensing of step 2) be respectively placed in vibration batch mixer it is dry-mixed, use vibration frequency for 50Hz, vibration force is
11000N, duration of oscillation are 40 minutes, and raw material is sufficiently mixed uniformly, and dress sample preserves respectively；
4) the obtained uniformly mixed multilayer original ingredient of step 3) is used into multilayered structure preforming operation, the bottom of according to
The sequence of layer, middle level and top layer is sequentially loaded into brake block die, and every layer of mixed-powder is poured by corresponding thickness in mold, bottom
Layer applies the compacting of 5Mpa active forces, and middle layer applies the compacting of 4Mpa active forces, and top layer applies the compacting of 2Mpa active forces；
5) it prepared by the dry method hot press forming technology that multilayered structure powder obtained by step 4) uses, applies compacting pressure
Power is 22MPa, and press temperature is 160 DEG C, and heat preservation, dwell time 150min/cm are carried out continuously 5 times i.e. every 12s deflation 5s
Can, as temperature is cooled to room temperature, demoulding obtains Automobile ceramic brake pad；
6) brake block obtained by step 5) is used into heat treatment process, resinoid bond is allowed fully to cure, improve thermostabilization
Property；It is rapidly heated to 135 DEG C of heat preservation 2.5h by vacuum drying chamber (DZF-602)；It is warming up to 165 DEG C of heat preservation 5.5h；It is warming up to
180 DEG C of heat preservation 1.5h, are finally cooled to room temperature.
7) brake block being heat-treated obtained by step 6) is subsequently machined, respectively to brake block by technology requirement profit
Disc grinder is carried out with equipment for grinding, grinding process requirement is 25 revs/min of equipment rotating speed；Polishing machine clears up the hair on brake block periphery
Thorn, overlap and 380 revs/min of electrostatic painting process rotating speed, 170 DEG C of temperature are post-processed, and multi-layer compound structure ceramics are obtained
Brake block.
The hardness of material, embodiment 1 are measured according to GB/T4340.1-2009 using HVS-1000 types digital readout Vicker hardness tester
The hardness of prepared multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material is 7.12GPa, relative density 99.4%.Fretting wear is surveyed
Examination carries out in high temperature friction experimental machine, and using disk-block contact form, mating plate material is gray cast iron, and specimen size 30mm ×
30mm × 8mm, it is the test point of load, test temperature that experimental condition, which chooses 0.8MPa,：100 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 300
DEG C, 350 DEG C, disc rotation speed chooses 500r/min, totally 5 groups of experiments, every group of experiment retest 3 times, be averaging friction coefficient and
Wear rate.
According to above-mentioned performance test, ceramic brake has stable friction coefficient (average value 0.372- at high temperature
0.412, fluctuating range is smaller, thermal stability) (average value is 0.121-0.214 × 10 with low wear rate-7cm3·N-1·m-1),
According to brake spacer for automobile GB5763-2008, brake block frictional behaviour complies fully with national standard.
Embodiment 2
A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, using ceramic brake sheet material as matrix, addition enhancing performance material
Expect that graphene and multiple elements design crystal, structure are divided into three layers of top layer, middle level and bottom, top layer, middle level and bottom enhance performance material
Expect that content is different；Top level structure thickness is 2mm, and the additive amount of graphene and multiple elements design crystal is matrix ceramic brake tablet quality
1wt.% and 2.5wt.%；Media layer damage thickness is 2.5mm, and the additive amount of stone graphene and multiple elements design crystal is matrix pottery
The 1.5wt.% and 3.5wt.% of porcelain quality of brake pad；Fabric thickness is 3.5mm, and graphene and multiple elements design crystal add
Dosage is the 2.5wt.% and 3.5wt.% of matrix ceramic brake tablet quality.Wherein, wherein the raw material of matrix is by mass percentage
Meter includes：Ceramic fibre (22%), aramid fiber (6%), glass fibre (6%), SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin
(15%), barite (14%), nitrile rubber powder (7%), graphite (4%), aluminium oxide (3%), potassium titanate crystal whisker (18%),
White vermiculite power (5%).
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof specifically include it is as follows
Step：
1) multiple elements design crystal powder is prepared：It is mainly made of molybdenum B and Si, prepares ammonium molybdate (25%)：Boron powder
(35%)：Silica flour (40%) raw material powder grinds ammonium molybdate powder, boron powder and silicon power raw material powder by planet ball grinder
Mill mixing, average grain diameter are 43 μm；The raw material of mixed grinding is sintered using vacuum atmosphere oven, sintering process is 580 DEG C of heat preservations
3h, sintering protective atmosphere are argon gas, and oxygen intensified response is passed through in sintering process, and oxygen intake is 95ml/min, obtains institute
The multiple elements design crystal stated.
2) multi-layer compound structure raw material is prepared, the powder ingredients of top level structure：1.31 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber 0.36
Gram, 0.36 gram of glass fibre, 0.89 gram of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 0.83 gram of barite, nitrile rubber powder 0.42
Gram, 0.24 gram of graphite, 0.18 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.07 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.30 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder 0.06
Gram and 0.13 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of media layer damage：1.63 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber
0.45 gram, 0.45 gram of glass fibre, 1.11 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 1.04 grams of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.52 gram, 0.30 gram of graphite, 0.22 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.34 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.37 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.11 gram and 0.20 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of fabric：2.29 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber are fine
0.62 gram of dimension, 0.62 gram of glass fibre, 1.56 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 1.45 grams of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.73 gram, 0.42 gram of graphite, 0.31 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.87 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.52 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.27 gram of 0.35 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；
3) by the dispensing of step 2) be respectively placed in vibration batch mixer it is dry-mixed, use vibration frequency for 60Hz, vibration force is
10000N, duration of oscillation are 35 minutes, and raw material is sufficiently mixed uniformly, and dress sample preserves respectively；
4) the obtained uniformly mixed multilayer original ingredient of step 3) is used into multilayered structure preforming operation, every layer mixed
Powder is closed to pour into mold by corresponding thickness, bottom applies the compacting of 6Mpa active forces, and middle layer applies the compacting of 5Mpa active forces,
Top layer applies the compacting of 3Mpa active forces；
5) it prepared by the dry method hot press forming technology that multilayered structure powder obtained by step 4) uses, applies compacting pressure
Power is 18MPa, and press temperature is 170 DEG C, and heat preservation, dwell time 150min/cm are carried out continuously 7 times i.e. every 13s deflation 4s
Can, as temperature is cooled to room temperature, demoulding obtains Automobile ceramic brake pad；
6) brake block obtained by step 5) is used into heat treatment process, resinoid bond is allowed fully to cure, improve thermostabilization
Property；It is rapidly heated to 140 DEG C of heat preservation 2h by vacuum drying chamber (DZF-602)；It is warming up to 170 DEG C of heat preservation 5h；It is warming up to 185 DEG C
1h is kept the temperature, room temperature is finally cooled to.
7) brake block being heat-treated obtained by step 6) is subsequently machined, respectively to brake block by technology requirement profit
Disc grinder is carried out with equipment for grinding, grinding process requirement is 28 revs/min of equipment rotating speed；Polishing machine clears up the hair on brake block periphery
Thorn, overlap and 400 revs/min of electrostatic painting process rotating speed, 175 DEG C of temperature are post-processed, and multi-layer compound structure ceramics are obtained
Brake block.
The hardness of material, embodiment 2 are measured according to GB/T4340.1-2009 using HVS-1000 types digital readout Vicker hardness tester
The hardness of prepared multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material is 6.82GPa, relative density 99.4%.Fretting wear is surveyed
Examination carries out in high temperature friction experimental machine, and using disk-block contact form, mating plate material is gray cast iron, and specimen size 30mm ×
30mm × 8mm, it is the test point of load, test temperature that experimental condition, which chooses 0.8MPa,：100 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 300
DEG C, 350 DEG C, disc rotation speed chooses 500r/min, totally 5 groups of experiments, every group of experiment retest 3 times, be averaging friction coefficient and
Wear rate.
According to above-mentioned performance test, ceramic brake has stable friction coefficient (average value 0.386- at high temperature
0.432, fluctuating range is smaller, thermal stability) (average value is 0.114-0.218 × 10 with low wear rate-7cm3·N-1·m-1),
According to brake spacer for automobile GB5763-2008, brake block frictional behaviour complies fully with national standard.
Embodiment 3
A kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, using ceramic brake sheet material as matrix, addition enhancing performance material
Material graphene and multiple elements design crystal, structure are divided into three layers of top layer, middle level and bottom；Top level structure thickness be 2mm, graphene and
The additive amount of multiple elements design crystal is the 1.5wt.% and 2.5wt.% of matrix ceramic brake tablet quality；Media layer damage thickness is
The additive amount of 2mm, stone graphene and multiple elements design crystal is the 2wt.% and 3.5wt.% of matrix ceramic brake tablet quality；Bottom
Structural thickness is 4mm, the additive amount of graphene and multiple elements design crystal be matrix ceramic brake tablet quality 2wt.% and
4wt.%.Wherein, the raw material of matrix includes by mass percentage：Ceramic fibre (20%), aramid fiber (4%), glass fibers
It ties up (6%), SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin (19%), barite (12%), nitrile rubber powder (7%), graphite (2%),
Aluminium oxide (3%), potassium titanate crystal whisker (25%), white vermiculite power (2%).
As shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material and preparation method thereof specifically include it is as follows
Step：
1) multiple elements design crystal powder is prepared：It is mainly made of molybdenum B and Si, prepares ammonium molybdate (22%)：Boron powder
(40%)：Silica flour (38%) raw material powder grinds ammonium molybdate powder, boron powder and silicon power raw material powder by planet ball grinder
Mill mixing, average grain diameter are 52 μm；The raw material of mixed grinding is sintered using vacuum atmosphere oven, sintering process is 625 DEG C of heat preservations
2.85h, sintering protective atmosphere are argon gas, and oxygen intensified response is passed through in sintering process, and oxygen intake is 105ml/min, is obtained
To the multiple elements design crystal.
2) multi-layer compound structure raw material is prepared, the powder ingredients of top level structure：1.19 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber 0.24
Gram, 0.36 gram of glass fibre, 1.13 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 0.71 gram of barite, nitrile rubber powder 0.42
Gram, 0.12 gram of graphite, 0.18 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.49 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.12 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder 0.09
Gram and 0.15 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of media layer damage：1.19 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber
0.24 gram, 0.36 gram of glass fibre, 1.13 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 0.71 gram of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.42 gram, 0.12 gram of graphite, 0.18 gram of aluminium oxide, 1.49 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.12 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.12 gram and 0.20 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；The powder ingredients of fabric：2.37 grams of ceramic fibre, aramid fiber are fine
0.48 gram of dimension, 0.71 gram of glass fibre, 2.26 grams of SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, 1.42 grams of barite, nitrile rubber powder
0.83 gram, 0.24 gram of graphite, 0.36 gram of aluminium oxide, 2.97 grams of potassium titanate crystal whisker, 0.12 gram of white vermiculite power and graphene powder
0.12 gram of 0.24 gram of polycrystalline composite crystal, dress sample preserve；
3) by the dispensing of step 2) be respectively placed in vibration batch mixer it is dry-mixed, use vibration frequency for 70Hz, vibration force is
9000N, duration of oscillation are 30 minutes, and raw material is sufficiently mixed uniformly, and dress sample preserves respectively；
4) the obtained uniformly mixed multilayer original ingredient of step 3) is used into multilayered structure preforming operation, every layer mixed
Powder is closed to pour into mold by corresponding thickness, bottom applies the compacting of 8Mpa active forces, and middle layer applies the compacting of 4Mpa active forces,
Top layer applies the compacting of 2Mpa active forces；
5) it prepared by the dry method hot press forming technology that multilayered structure powder obtained by step 4) uses, applies compacting pressure
Power is 20MPa, and press temperature is 155 DEG C, and heat preservation, dwell time 150min/cm are carried out continuously 5 times i.e. every 11s deflation 5s
Can, as temperature is cooled to room temperature, demoulding obtains Automobile ceramic brake pad；
6) brake block obtained by step 5) is used into heat treatment process, resinoid bond is allowed fully to cure, improve thermostabilization
Property；It is rapidly heated to 135 DEG C of heat preservation 3.5h by vacuum drying chamber (DZF-602)；It is warming up to 165 DEG C of heat preservation 6.5h；It is warming up to
180 DEG C of heat preservation 2.5h, are finally cooled to room temperature；
7) brake block being heat-treated obtained by step 6) is subsequently machined, respectively to brake block by technology requirement profit
Disc grinder is carried out with equipment for grinding, grinding process requirement is 30 revs/min of equipment rotating speed；Polishing machine clears up the hair on brake block periphery
Thorn, overlap and 380 revs/min of electrostatic painting process rotating speed, 165 DEG C of temperature are post-processed, and multi-layer compound structure ceramics are obtained
Brake block.
The hardness of material, embodiment 3 are measured according to GB/T4340.1-2009 using HVS-1000 types digital readout Vicker hardness tester
The hardness of prepared multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material is 6.81GPa, relative density 99.4%.Fretting wear is surveyed
Examination carries out in high temperature friction experimental machine, and using disk-block contact form, mating plate material is gray cast iron, and specimen size 30mm ×
30mm × 8mm, it is the test point of load, test temperature that experimental condition, which chooses 0.8MPa,：100 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 300
DEG C, 350 DEG C, disc rotation speed chooses 500r/min, totally 5 groups of experiments, every group of experiment retest 3 times, be averaging friction coefficient and
Wear rate.
According to above-mentioned performance test, ceramic brake has stable friction coefficient (average value 0.391- at high temperature
0.441, fluctuating range is smaller, thermal stability) (average value is 0.102-0.204 × 10 with low wear rate-7cm3·N-1·m-1),
According to brake spacer for automobile GB5763-2008, brake block frictional behaviour complies fully with national standard.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that come for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, several modifications and variations can also be made, these belong to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material, it is characterised in that with ceramic brake material powder and enhancing performance
Material graphene and multiple elements design crystal are raw material, are compounded to form thickness from top to bottom and increase and enhance performance materials increase
Multi-layer composite ceramic brake pad material.
2. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that ceramic brake
Raw material powder includes the component of following parts by weight by mass percentage：Ceramic fibre 17-22%, aramid fiber 4-7%, glass
Glass fiber 2-6%, SiC Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin 13-19%, barite 14-20%, nitrile rubber powder 4-8%, graphite
4-7%, aluminium oxide 0.5-4%, potassium titanate crystal whisker 13-25%, white vermiculite power 3-8%.
3. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the multilayer is multiple
Conjunction ceramic brake sheet material is three-layer composite structure, and each layer thickness is than by mass percentage：The thickness of top layer is 10-
20%, the thickness in middle level is 20-35%, and the thickness of bottom is 45-65%.
4. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 3, it is characterised in that enhancing performance material
Expect graphene and multiple elements design crystal in the 1-1.5% and 2-2.5% that the content of top layer is respectively substrate quality, containing in middle level
Amount is respectively the 1.5-2% and 3-3.5% of substrate quality, is respectively the 2-2.5% and 3- of substrate quality in the content of bottom
4%.
5. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polynary multiple
Synthetic body is mainly made of molybdenum, boron, element silicon.
6. a kind of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 5, it is characterised in that multiple elements design is brilliant
The preparation method of body is as follows：Ammonium molybdate 20-25%, boron powder 35-45%, silica flour 30-40% raw material powder are weighed by mass percentage
End, by ammonium molybdate powder, boron powder and silica flour ground and mixed, average grain diameter is 30-55 μm；Then it uses vacuum atmosphere oven to be sintered, burns
Junction temperature is 550-650 DEG C of heat preservation 2.5-3.5h, and protective gas is argon gas, and oxygen intensified response, oxygen are passed through in sintering process
Intake is 55-145ml/min, obtains the multiple elements design crystal.
7. the multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake material preparation method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that raw material powder according to
Secondary process vibrates preforming each layer batch mixing, multilayered structure, hot press forming technology, heat treatment process and subsequently machines work respectively
Sequence obtains multi-layer compound structure brake pad material.
8. the preparation method of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described
Multilayered structure preforming operation is sequentially loaded into according to the sequence of bottom, middle level and top layer in mold, and every layer of mixed-powder is by corresponding
Thickness pour into mold and be compacted；The parameter of hot press forming technology is：Application pressing pressure is 17-22MPa, and press temperature is
150-170 DEG C, heat preservation, dwell time 150-170min/cm, every 10-15s deflation 4-5s, 5-7 operation is repeated.
9. the preparation method of multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described
The process of heat treatment process is：It is warming up to 135-145 DEG C of heat preservation 2.5-3.5h, is then warming up to 165-175 DEG C of heat preservation 5.5-6h,
It is warming up to 180-190 DEG C of heat preservation 1.5-1.8h again, is finally cooled to room temperature.
10. multi-layer compound structure ceramic brake sheet material described in claim 1, it is characterised in that its its friction coefficient is average
Value is 0.372-0.441, and wear rate is 0.102-0.216 × 10-7cm3·N-1·m-1。
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| CN110666177A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-10 | 安阳工学院 | Multilayer nanocrystalline composite structure NiCrAlBNb-based bearing retainer material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112377548A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Wear-resistant noise-reducing metal-based high-speed rail brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN112594308A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 黄山菲英汽车零部件有限公司 | Preparation method of high-performance automobile brake pad |
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| CN114110061B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-11-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Wear-resistant noise-reducing bionic double-layer ceramic brake pad and preparation method thereof |
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