CN108412618B - Hypersonic/supersonic axisymmetric inlet lip and design method thereof - Google Patents
Hypersonic/supersonic axisymmetric inlet lip and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108412618B CN108412618B CN201810341761.1A CN201810341761A CN108412618B CN 108412618 B CN108412618 B CN 108412618B CN 201810341761 A CN201810341761 A CN 201810341761A CN 108412618 B CN108412618 B CN 108412618B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a design method of an air inlet lip of a hypersonic aircraft, and belongs to the technical field of application of hypersonic air inlets. The air inlet is arranged on an engine of an aircraft, the front end of the air inlet is a serrated lip, the serrated lip comprises a plurality of pieces of lip leaves, the side walls of the lip leaves are connected in an initial position to form a closed serrated lip, the center of the serrated lip is used as a rotation axis, and the lip leaves are arrayed by taking the rotation axis as an array axis. The invention does not introduce a movable mechanism, avoids increasing the weight and complexity of the system, avoids the problems of connection, sealing, cooling, control and the like, has simple processing and manufacturing process, can improve the starting performance of the axisymmetric air inlet, simultaneously does not influence the compression performance of the axisymmetric air inlet, reduces the capture incoming flow, ensures the working efficiency of the air inlet and improves the starting performance of the axisymmetric air inlet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hypersonic inlet applied technical fields, and in particular to a kind of superb/supersonic speed axial symmetry into
Air flue lip and its design method.
Background technique
Hypersonic aircraft is the Disciplinary Frontiers of current national defence development, as a kind of weapon that can be realized rapid strike
Equipment, rapidly, battlefield existence is strong, and destructive power is very big for operational instruction response, therefore, research and development hypersonic aircraft tool
There is huge military, economic value, so as to consolidate and enhance the military capability of the country and overall national strength of country.Hypersonic aircraft
It flies in endoatmosphere, generallys use scramjet engine as power, hypersonic inlet starts as ultra-combustion ramjet
One of machine important component, main function is capture incoming flow and carries out deceleration pressurization to air-flow, and the tissue to guarantee combustion chamber is suitable
Benefit burning, axialsymmetrical inlet is typical configurations therein, and the lip of existing axialsymmetrical inlet generally uses the flat lip of unit
Mouthful, it is widely used in missile armament and aircraft.
When flight Mach number is lower, the problem of hypersonic inlet can encounter difficulty in starting, led when Mach number is too small
Cause air intake duct be not starting state when, internal large-scale flow separation can make motor power insufficient or even flame-out, therefore
Need to reduce the starting Mach number of air intake duct, the nargin of Lai Tigao air intake duct reliably working as far as possible.
There are mainly three types of the methods for improving air intake duct starting problem at present:
First, configuration optimization design；
Configuration optimization design is to be iterated to calculate out under given Design of Inlet constraint by changing design input variable
Optimum optimization configuration under certain optimisation criteria, this configuration optimum design method generally require to set air intake duct again
Meter, therefore its heavy workload, difficulty is also larger, and most of improved method is to sacrifice the compression performance of air intake duct to improve
Starting performance.
Second, become geometry designs technology；
Becoming geometric techniques is mainly to pass through the angles and positions for changing some components of air intake duct, realizes air intake duct contract ratio
Variation, in order to auxiliary inlet starting.The common Geometry method that becomes mainly has rotation lip and translation lip two ways.
The mode for rotating lip with Kantrowiz formula obtain the lip angle under different Mach number state, it can be achieved that air intake duct width
Range of Mach numbers work.The mode for translating lip completes starting by the way that lip moves forward in Mach number lower work threshold, in Mach
Lip retreats when the number work upper limit, seals shock wave, has equally widened the working range of air intake duct, all needs with geometric techniques are become
Movable device is introduced, inevitably increases weight, the complexity of system, connection, sealing, cooling, control etc. is brought to ask
Topic, and the reliability of system is reduced, have an adverse effect to Aircraft Conceptual Design.
Third, flow control technique；
Flow control technique improves starting performance using the thought for the separation scale in air intake duct that reduces, before having
Feedback, feedback can be divided into active Flow Control technology and passive flow control technique.Common flow control technique has boundary-layer pumping
Suction, Bump configuration, vortex generator etc..Boundary layer suction is arranged the low energy stream in boundary-layer by aspirating to Disengagement zone
Air intake duct out, thus the height for reducing Disengagement zone range, reducing boundary-layer.Bump configuration, which refers to, to be produced before air intake duct with a meeting
The bulge of transverse-pressure gradient is given birth to instead of arranging the boundary layer low energy stream before inlet mouth from trend two sides
It moves, to achieve the purpose that reduce boundary layer.Vortex generator is vertically installed on air intake duct surface with a certain established angle
The small wing of low aspect ratio, after the low-energy boundary layer air flowing that it generates the wingtip vortex and downstream of high-energy mix, make to be in inverse
Boundary layer flow field in pressure gradient can continue to be attached to air intake duct precursor surface and will not separate after obtaining additional-energy, this
Flow control technique bring air intake duct process complexity, and the suction unit weight for increasing system same with control loop with answer
Miscellaneous degree.Passive flow control technique can bring the disadvantage that inlet total pressure loss is big, flow distortion is serious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of superb/super for deficiency present in existing hypersonic inlet applied technical field
Velocity of sound axialsymmetrical inlet lip and its design method reduce aircraft under the premise of not influencing air intake duct compression performance
Start Mach number, improves the starting performance of air intake duct.
A kind of superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, the air intake duct is arranged on the engine of aircraft, described
The front end of air intake duct is equipped with zigzag lip, if the zigzag lip includes dry plate V-type sawtooth unit, V-type sawtooth unit
The end to end formation zigzag lip of side wall, using the center of zigzag lip as axis of rotation, V-type sawtooth unit is with axis of rotation
For array axes annular array.
Superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet the lip of one kind and its design method, the number of the V-type sawtooth unit are N,
The value range of N is 10-30, and the zigzag lip is set as circular ring shape, and the corresponding central angle of the V-type sawtooth unit is θ,
Then there is θ=360/N.
Preferably, on the basis of unit flat lip, the extended length of V-type sawtooth unit is a, V-type sawtooth unit
Leading edge side wall and the flat lip of unit edge wall between angle of sweep be λ, the value range at angle of sweep is 40 ° -60 °, unit
The radius of circle is r where flat lip, then has a0Value range be
Preferably, the V-type sawtooth unit is that a is extended on the cylindrical side wall of the flat lip of unit, the V-type saw
The cylindrical side wall of tooth unit with a thickness of d, the distance between leading edge of the V-type sawtooth unit to cylindrical side wall is l1,
The length of the cylindrical side wall of the V-type sawtooth unit is l2, the length profile of the V-type sawtooth unit is L, then has L=l2+
l1。
Preferably, the side wall for defining two V-type sawtooth head and the tail docking is the rear recessed plane of symmetry, and the rear recessed plane of symmetry includes rectangle
Wall and the arcwall being connected with rectangular wall, the rectangular wall include horizontal segment and vertical section, and the arcwall includes the first circle
Segmental arc, the second arc section, vertical section, the first arc section and the horizontal segment above rectangular wall of the arcwall are tangent, the arc
The second arc section and the horizontal segment below rectangular wall of shape wall are tangent, and the vertical section of the rectangular wall is V-type sawtooth unit
Thickness, the vertical segment length of the arcwall are l1, the horizontal section length of the rectangular wall is l2, the V-type sawtooth unit cuts open
Face length is L, then has L=l2+l1, the length of the vertical section of the rectangular wall is d, and the radius of first arc section is R1, institute
The radius for stating the second arc section is R2, then have R2-R1=d.
Preferably, the capture flow of the flat lip of working condition lower unit and the capture flow of circular ring shape lip are opposite inclined
Difference is ε, and the value range of ε is 1~5%.
Preferably, the length profile of the flat lip of unit is L0, meet L=L0+ a, the section of the V-type sawtooth unit
Length L is provided by way of testing in conjunction with Lagrange interpolation calculation:
First provide the extended length a of V-type sawtooth unit0Translation distance x11、x12、x13, carry out experiment and obtain accordingly relatively
Deviation data ε11、ε12、ε13If | ε1j|≤ε (j=1,2,3), then obtain a=a0+x1j, if not satisfied, being inserted according to Lagrange
It is worth formula, defines length prediction function:(i=1,2,3 ...), then next needs
The extended length a of the V-type sawtooth unit of experiment0Translation distance x21、x22、x23For the zero point of this quadratic function, test
To relative deviation data ε21、ε22、ε23If | ε2j|≤ε, then obtain a=a0+x2jIf still not satisfying, flow deviation is selected
3 distances of the smallest correspondence are x31、x32、x33, so circulation verifying, until finding a for meeting flow design requirement and convergence speed
Degree is fast.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) processing technology thereof of superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip of the invention is relatively simple, for axial symmetry
Air intake duct is applicable in, and while capable of improving the starting performance of axialsymmetrical inlet, also be will not influence its compression performance, is reduced and catch
Incoming flow is obtained, guarantees the working efficiency of air intake duct；
(2) design method of superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip of the invention does not introduce movable device, avoids increasing
The problems such as weight and complexity of adding system, release brings connection, sealing, cooling, control, guarantees the reliability of system, have
Conducive to the whole design of aircraft；
(3) base of the superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip that the present invention designs in Yuanping City's lip axialsymmetrical inlet
On plinth, while ensureing its compression performance, the starting performance of engine can also be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of inlet lip of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of V-type sawtooth unit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of V-type sawtooth dividing elements of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top view of V-type sawtooth unit of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of schematic cross-section of V-type sawtooth unit of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is another schematic cross-section of V-type sawtooth unit of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing of the invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
Description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Those of ordinary skill's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Embodiment 1
Attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2, attached drawing 3, attached drawing 4, attached one kind shown in fig. 5 be superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, institute
It states air intake duct to be arranged on the engine of aircraft, the front end of the air intake duct is equipped with zigzag lip, the zigzag lip
If including dry plate V-type sawtooth unit, the end to end formation zigzag lip of the side wall of V-type sawtooth unit, with zigzag lip
Center is axis of rotation, and V-type sawtooth unit is using axis of rotation as array axes annular array.
Superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet the lip of one kind and its design method, the design parameter of zigzag lip are as follows: V-type
Sawtooth unit N=15, central angle θ=24 °, angle of sweep λ=60 °, the radius of circle is 300mm, V-type sawtooth where the flat lip of unit
The extended length of unit take obtained to the mean value calculation of range
Taking relative deviation ε is 1%, is provided here a kind of flat by testing the determining lip in conjunction with Lagrange interpolation calculation
The method for moving length x:
The extended length a of V-type sawtooth unit is first translated into x11=2mm, x12=3mm, x13=5mm carries out experiment and obtains phase
The relative deviation data ε answered11、ε12、ε13, it is found that relative deviation data are not satisfied | ε1j|≤ε, it is public according to Lagrange interpolation
Formula defines translation distance anticipation function:(i=1,2,3 ...), zero is calculated according to formula
Point obtains x22=15.44mm is tested to obtain corresponding flow deviation ε22Meet | ε22|≤ε, then obtain x=x2=
15.44mm then has a=a0+x22=69.44mm.
Embodiment 2
As attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2, attached drawing 3, attached drawing 4, attached one kind shown in fig. 6 it is superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip,
Unlike the first embodiment:
Superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet the lip of one kind and its design method, the design parameter of zigzag lip are as follows: set
The sawtooth parameter of meter are as follows: V-type sawtooth unit N=10 is a, central angle θ=36 °, angle of sweep λ=60 °, and sawtooth extension distance takes institute
It is obtained to the mean value calculation of range
Taking relative deviation ε is 1%, is provided here a kind of flat by testing the determining lip in conjunction with Lagrange interpolation calculation
The method for moving length x:
The extended length a of V-type sawtooth unit is first translated into x11=2mm, x12=3mm, x13=5mm carries out experiment and obtains phase
The relative deviation data ε answered11、ε12、ε13, it is found that relative deviation data are not satisfied | ε1j|≤ε, it is public according to Lagrange interpolation
Formula defines translation distance anticipation function:(i=1,2,3 ...), zero is calculated according to formula
Point obtains x22=30.34mm is tested to obtain corresponding flow deviation ε22Meet | ε22|≤ε, then obtain x=x2=
30.34mm then has a=a0+x22=110.64mm.
The processing technology thereof of superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip of the invention is relatively simple, for axial symmetry into
Air flue has good applicability, does not introduce movable device, avoids the weight and complexity of increase system, and release brings connection
The problems such as connecing, seal, cooling down, controlling guarantees the reliability of system, in flow differs 1% range with benchmark air intake duct, transformation
Sawtooth lip air intake duct starting Mach number afterwards reduces by 0.5, while capable of improving the starting performance of axialsymmetrical inlet, also not
It will affect its compression performance, reduce capture incoming flow, guarantee the working efficiency of air intake duct.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of design method of superb/supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, it is characterised in that: the number of V-type sawtooth unit
For N, the value range of N is 10-30, and zigzag lip is set as circular ring shape, and the corresponding central angle of the V-type sawtooth unit is θ,
Then there is θ=360/N；
On the basis of unit flat lip, the extended length of V-type sawtooth unit is a, the leading edge side wall and unit of V-type sawtooth unit
Angle of sweep between the edge wall of flat lip is λ, and the value range at angle of sweep is 40 ° -60 °, the half of circle where the flat lip of unit
Diameter is r, then has the value range of a to be
The V-type sawtooth unit is that a is extended on the cylindrical side wall of the flat lip of unit, the cylinder of the V-type sawtooth unit
Side wall with a thickness of d, the distance between leading edge of the V-type sawtooth unit to cylindrical side wall is l1, the V-type sawtooth unit
Cylindrical side wall length be l2, the length profile of the V-type sawtooth unit is L, then has L=l2+l1。
2. one kind according to claim 1 is superb/design method of supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, feature exists
In: the side wall for defining two V-type sawtooth head and the tail docking is the rear recessed plane of symmetry, and the rear recessed plane of symmetry includes rectangular wall and is connected with rectangular wall
The arcwall connect, the rectangular wall include horizontal segment and vertical section, the arcwall include the first arc section, the second arc section,
Vertical section, the first arc section and the horizontal segment above rectangular wall of the arcwall are tangent, the second arc section of the arcwall
Tangent with the horizontal segment below rectangular wall, the vertical section of the rectangular wall is the thickness of V-type sawtooth unit, the arcwall
Vertical segment length is l1, the horizontal section length of the rectangular wall is l2, the length profile of the V-type sawtooth unit is L, then has L=
l2+l1, the length of the vertical section of the rectangular wall is d, and the radius of first arc section is R1, the half of second arc section
Diameter is R2, then have R2-R1=d.
3. one kind according to claim 2 is superb/design method of supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, feature exists
In: the capture flow of the flat lip of working condition lower unit is ε, the value model of ε with the capture flow relative deviation of circular ring shape lip
Enclose is 1~5%.
4. one kind according to claim 3 is superb/design method of supersonic speed axialsymmetrical inlet lip, feature exists
In: the length profile of the flat lip of unit is L0, meet L=L0+ a, the length profile L of the V-type sawtooth unit by experiment with
The mode that Lagrange interpolation calculation combines provides:
First provide the extended length a of V-type sawtooth unit0Translation distance x11、x12、x13, carry out experiment and obtain corresponding relative deviation
Data ε11、ε12、ε13If | ε1j|≤ε (j=1,2,3), then obtain a=a0+x1j, if not satisfied, public according to Lagrange interpolation
Formula defines length prediction function:It is then next to need to test
V-type sawtooth unit extended length a0Translation distance x21、x22、x23For the zero point of this quadratic function, tested to obtain phase
To deviation data ε21、ε22、ε23If | ε2j|≤ε, then obtain a=a0+x2jIf still not satisfying, select flow deviation minimum
3 distances of correspondence be x31、x32、x33, so circulation verifying, until finding a and convergence rate for meeting flow design requirement
Fastly.
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| CN110030112B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Fixed-geometry axisymmetric air inlet with double design points |
| CN109933956B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Inlet flow tube, horn mouth and design method thereof |
| CN110552786B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-06-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Supersonic axisymmetric air inlet with serrated lip and design method |
| CN117251936A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-12-19 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method and system for designing Bump air inlet channel ingested by super-thick boundary layer |
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| FR1313327A (en) * | 1961-11-17 | 1962-12-28 | Nord Aviation | On-board instrument for controlling an air inlet of variable shape for a supersonic engine |
| CN106507869B (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-08-24 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Scramjet Inlet wall boundary layer " sawtooth " type artificial transition with |
| CN104454233A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Exhaust device of aircraft engine |
| CN104727944A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-24 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Structure of rocket-based-combined power engine capable of broadening working range of fixed-geometry air inlet channel |
| CN205536023U (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-08-31 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Range hood is with going out fan housing |
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