CN108409489A - One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108409489A
CN108409489A CN201810368884.4A CN201810368884A CN108409489A CN 108409489 A CN108409489 A CN 108409489A CN 201810368884 A CN201810368884 A CN 201810368884A CN 108409489 A CN108409489 A CN 108409489A
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organic component
fertilizer
tobacco
potassium
organic
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CN201810368884.4A
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Inventor
向德明
向铁军
蒲文宣
周米良
黎娟
张明发
彭宇
田明慧
孙旭滨
周东波
***
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HUNAN GOLD LEAF PUBLIC EXPECTATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
HUNAN TOBACCO Corp XIANGXI AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE Co
Hunan Agricultural University
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HUNAN GOLD LEAF PUBLIC EXPECTATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
HUNAN TOBACCO Corp XIANGXI AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE Co
Hunan Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201810368884.4A priority Critical patent/CN108409489A/en
Publication of CN108409489A publication Critical patent/CN108409489A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, high nitrogen organic component is made in false indigo and rape cake fermentation respectively first, forage rape and water pepper are fermented into high phosphorus organic component, southern reed, sunflower stalk, banana ears and grape fruit ear are fermented into high potassium organic component, attapulgite, medical stone pulverize and sieve, then by high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, high potassium organic component, medical stone, attapulgite, AM fungies, potassium solubilizing bacteria according to mass ratio (1~2):(1~2):(3~5):(0.2~0.6):(0.1~0.4):(0.05~0.15):(0.05~0.15) mixing, extruder grain and drying, the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco is obtained, N P and K and middle trace element supply is realized, improves nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, nitrogenous fertilizer input is reduced, potassium content of tobacco leaf is improved and reduces soil phosphorus.

Description

One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco field of fertilizer production, and in particular to one grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and its preparation Method.
Background technology
Currently, be usually used in the organic fertilizer of tobacco, can with well-off organic nitrogenous fertilizer, and phosphorus element and potassium mainly by nothing Machine fertilizer is supplied, therefore a large amount of chemical phosphatic ferfilizer and potash fertilizer must be still applied in production, and cannot meet organic leaf tobacco production need. The main reason for causing this problem is the source of manure for not finding suitable organic fertilizer resource, especially organic potassic fertilizer and organic phosphatic fertiliser.
The nitrogenous fertilizer source of organic fertilizer is wider, such as oil cake, dregs of beans, feces of livestock and poultry, nitrogen-fixing plants;And the source of organic phosphatic fertiliser It is less, mainly rock phosphate in powder, but the heavy metals such as cadmium, lead are often mixed in rock phosphate in powder, it is unfavorable for environmental protection;Organic potassic fertilizer source of manure master Have some K-enriched plants, such as Phytolacca acinosa, feather cockscomb, an alternanthera philoxeroides, Phytolacca acinosa plantation needs to occupy cultivated land, feather cockscomb biomass compared with It is small, and alternanthera philoxeroides can become farmland nausea weeds, thus, it can be difficult to accomplish that single organic fertilizer can supply complete plain nutrition Demand.
Invention content
It grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof the object of the present invention is to provide one, can be organic tobacco Leaf production provides the guarantee of organic nutrient, realizes N P and K and middle trace element supply, improves nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer and utilize Rate reduces nitrogenous fertilizer input, improves potassium content of tobacco leaf and reduces soil phosphorus.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, by high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, high potassium organic component, Medical stone, attapulgite, AM fungies, potassium solubilizing bacteria are according to mass ratio (1~2):(1~2):(3~5):(0.2~0.6):(0.1~ 0.4):(0.05~0.15):(0.05~0.15) it forms.
Further, the high nitrogen organic component presses (1~2) by rape cake and false indigo:The mass ratio of (1~3) is constituted; The high phosphorus organic component presses (1~2) by water pepper, forage rape:The mass ratio of (1~2) is constituted;The high potassium organic component by Nan Di, sunflower stalk, banana ears and grape fruit ear press (1~2):(1~2):(1~2):The mass ratio of (1~2) is constituted.
One preparation method for growing tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, with vegetable seed Mass ratio mixes well cake as described above, adds decomposing agent, leads to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, and 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:The forage rape of full-bloom stage will be entered, water pepper plant shines dry doubling and is cut into 4- respectively 7cm segments, as described above mass ratio mix well, add decomposing agent, lead to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, drying, cross 60 mesh sieve;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed and sunflower stalk are dried, are cut into 4-7cm segments, then with the banana that dries Mass ratio mixes well as described above for fruit ear and grape fruit ear, adds decomposing agent, leads to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, drying, mistake 60 mesh sieve;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Weighing decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, high potassium by the mass component has Machine component and medical stone, attapulgite, AM fungies, potassium solubilizing bacteria are simultaneously uniformly mixed, and 2-5mm particles are squeezed into simultaneously after adjusting moisture It is dry, obtain the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
It is largely screened by early period, filters out the richnesses such as the phosphorus-rich plants such as water pepper and forage rape, and southern reed, sunflower The richness potassium waste such as potassium plant and grape fruit ear and banana ears, the above richness phosphorus and rich potassium material have source wide, biomass Greatly, the high advantage of available nutrient content, the phosphorus element and potassium for solving complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer carry out source problem;
In the form of decomposed fermentation, the organic fertilizer for providing complete plain nutrition can be developed for tobacco growing by obtaining, and be added simultaneously Medical stone rich in middle trace element, addition can desorb the potassium solubilizing bacteria of soil mineral potassium, addition can promote mycorhiza to be formed, Expand root system absorption region AM fungies, release soil inavailable state potassium, improve nutrient absorption capability, reduce nitrogenous fertilizer, The dosage of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer improves potassium content of tobacco leaf and reduces phosphorus environment risk, while improving quality of tobacco.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
One preparation method for growing tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, is weighed 200kg, then mixed well with 100kg rape cakes, decomposing agent is added, aerobe fermentation 40 days or so is led to, 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:It is small that the forage rape for entering full-bloom stage and water pepper plant solarization dry doubling are cut into 4-7cm Section weighs water pepper 100kg respectively, forage rape 100kg is mixed well, addition decomposing agent, logical aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, baking It is dry, cross 60 mesh sieve;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed 100kg, the sunflower stalk for drying, being cut into 4-7cm segments are weighed respectively 100kg, then mixed well with banana ears 100kg, the grape fruit ear 100kg dried, decomposing agent is added, 40 days left sides of aerobe fermentation are led to 60 mesh sieve is crossed in the right side, drying;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Respectively by step (1)~(3) prepare decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, High potassium organic component and medical stone 50kg, attapulgite 30kg, AM fungi 10kg, potassium solubilizing bacteria 10kg are uniformly mixed, and adjust water It is squeezed into 2-5mm particles and drying after point, obtains the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco.
Embodiment 2
One preparation method for growing tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, is weighed 300kg, then mixed well with 100kg rape cakes, decomposing agent is added, aerobe fermentation 40 days or so is led to, 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:It is small that the forage rape for entering full-bloom stage and water pepper plant solarization dry doubling are cut into 4-7cm Section weighs water pepper 200kg respectively, forage rape 100kg is mixed well, addition decomposing agent, logical aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, baking It is dry, cross 60 mesh sieve;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed 200kg, the sunflower stalk for drying, being cut into 4-7cm segments are weighed respectively 200kg, then mixed well with banana ears 100kg, the grape fruit ear 100kg dried, decomposing agent is added, 40 days left sides of aerobe fermentation are led to 60 mesh sieve is crossed in the right side, drying;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Respectively by step (1)~(3) prepare decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, High potassium organic component and medical stone 60kg, attapulgite 20kg, AM fungi 10kg, potassium solubilizing bacteria 10kg are uniformly mixed, and adjust water It is squeezed into 2-5mm particles and drying after point, obtains the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco.
Embodiment 3
One preparation method for growing tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, is weighed 100kg, then mixed well with 100kg rape cakes, decomposing agent is added, aerobe fermentation 40 days or so is led to, 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:It is small that the forage rape for entering full-bloom stage and water pepper plant solarization dry doubling are cut into 4-7cm Section weighs water pepper 100kg respectively, forage rape 200kg is mixed well, addition decomposing agent, logical aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, baking It is dry, cross 60 mesh sieve;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed 100kg, the sunflower stalk for drying, being cut into 4-7cm segments are weighed respectively 100kg, then mixed well with banana ears 200kg, the grape fruit ear 200kg dried, decomposing agent is added, 40 days left sides of aerobe fermentation are led to 60 mesh sieve is crossed in the right side, drying;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Respectively by step (1)~(3) prepare decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, High potassium organic component and medical stone 60kg, attapulgite 30kg, AM fungi 15kg, potassium solubilizing bacteria 15kg are uniformly mixed, and adjust water It is squeezed into 2-5mm particles and drying after point, obtains the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco.
Embodiment 4
One preparation method for growing tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, includes the following steps:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, is weighed 300kg, then mixed well with 100kg rape cakes, decomposing agent is added, aerobe fermentation 40 days or so is led to, 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:It is small that the forage rape for entering full-bloom stage and water pepper plant solarization dry doubling are cut into 4-7cm Section weighs water pepper 200kg respectively, forage rape 200kg is mixed well, addition decomposing agent, logical aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, baking It is dry, cross 60 mesh sieve;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed 200kg, the sunflower stalk for drying, being cut into 4-7cm segments are weighed respectively 200kg, then mixed well with banana ears 200kg, the grape fruit ear 200kg dried, decomposing agent is added, 40 days left sides of aerobe fermentation are led to 60 mesh sieve is crossed in the right side, drying;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Respectively by step (1)~(3) prepare decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, High potassium organic component and medical stone 80kg, attapulgite 20kg, AM fungi 12kg, potassium solubilizing bacteria 12kg are uniformly mixed, and adjust water It is squeezed into 2-5mm particles and drying after point, obtains the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco.
Embodiment 5
The special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco in Example 1 carries out tobacco planting application effect experiment:
It tests and carried out in Hunan Province Longshan County in 2016, experiment field soil is yellow earth, and soil pH value 5.09 is organic Matter content is 28.6g/kg, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 240.4mg/kg, available phosphorus content 39.2mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 124.4mg/kg.Variety selection locality main breed cloud and mist 87.
Experiment sets 3 processing:
(1) the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco of embodiment 1 is applied:Flue-cured tobacco is planted according to local conventional fertilizer application method, Specially ridging when basal dressing, respectively pour within 7 days to apply and carry seed manure 1 time after the transplanting same day and transplanting, after transplanting after 33 the Heavenly Stems spraying fertilizers Ridging, application quantity of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is respectively 6kg/ mus, 6kg/ mus and 18kg/ mus, and the tobacco that wherein nitrogen phosphorus is provided by embodiment 1 is special complete Plain nutritional organic fertilizer provides, and 12kg potash fertilizer is provided by special base fertilizer for tobacco, and 6kg potash fertilizer is provided by potassium sulfate;
(2) common fertilizer is applied:According to item when local conventional fertilizer application method plantation flue-cured tobacco (Routine control), specially ridging It respectively pours within 7 days to apply after basal dressing, the transplanting same day and transplanting and carries seed manure 1 time, earth up after 33 the Heavenly Stems spraying fertilizers after transplanting, application quantity of nitrogen phosphorus potassium Respectively 8kg/ mus, 8kg/ mus and 24kg/ mus, nitrogen phosphorus is provided by special base fertilizer for tobacco, and potash fertilizer is total to by Special basal fertilizer and potassium sulfate With offer;
(3) RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, plot area 60m are used2, seeding row spacing 0.5m*1.2m, each 100 plants of cigarette of cell plant Left and right, experiment set 3 repetitions, count 6 cells.Flue-cured tobacco maturation harvesting after, statistics yield, first-class cigarette ratio, average price Isoquant and Output value index takes cigarette strain in 10 days after topping, measures N-P-K content respectively, calculates utilization rate of fertilizer.
The special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of 1 tobacco of table is to the influence to flue-cured tobacco economical character
As shown in Table 1, after the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco is applied on flue-cured tobacco, flue-cured tobacco squaring period and dome phase are main Economical character is superior to Routine control.Wherein squaring period, the plant height of the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer processing flue-cured tobacco of tobacco, stem girth, The number of sheets and leaf-area coefficient increase by 7.06%, 15.96%, 6.10% and 6.65% than conventional fertilizer application respectively;Dome phase tobacco is special Plant height, stem girth, the number of sheets and the leaf-area coefficient that flue-cured tobacco is handled with complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer increase than conventional fertilizer application respectively 11.08%, 11.21%, 7.80% and 5.71%.
Influence of the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of 2 tobacco of table to flue-cured tobacco economic characters
As shown in Table 2, after the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco is applied on flue-cured tobacco, yield of tobacco, the output value, first-class cigarette ratio Example has different degrees of increase or improvement, wherein yield to increase the 6.96%, output value and increase 9.09%, first-class cigarette ratio 2.09% is improved, average price improves 1.99%.
Influence of the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of 3 tobacco of table to utilization rate of fertilizer
As shown in Table 3, after the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco is applied on flue-cured tobacco, the biological utilisation profit of flue-cured tobacco N P and K There are raising by a relatively large margin, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer bioavailability to improve 14.67% with rate, phosphate fertilizer bioavailability improves 32.19%, potash fertilizer bioavailability improves 38.55%.
The above result shows that can improve flue-cured tobacco economical character using the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco, economic characters, carry The utilization rate of high macroelement fertilizer, reduces fertilizers input, has certain promotional value.

Claims (3)

1. grow tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that by high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, high potassium Organic component, medical stone, attapulgite, AM fungies, potassium solubilizing bacteria are according to mass ratio 1~2:1~2:3~5:0.2~0.6:0.1~ 0.4:0.05~0.15:0.05~0.15 composition.
2. the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the high nitrogen organic component is by dish Seedcake and false indigo press 1~2:1~3 mass ratio is constituted;The high phosphorus organic component presses 1~2 by water pepper, forage rape:1~ 2 mass ratio is constituted;The high potassium organic component presses 1~2 by southern reed, sunflower stalk, banana ears and grape fruit ear:1~2:1 ~2:1~2 mass ratio is constituted.
3. the preparation method of the special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer of tobacco as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that including following step Suddenly:
(1) prepared by high nitrogen organic component:The false indigo of branch semi-lignified is shone into dry doubling and is cut into 4-7cm segments, is filled with rape cake Divide mixing, add decomposing agent, lead to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, drying is crossed 60 mesh and sieved;
(2) prepared by high phosphorus organic component:The forage rape of full-bloom stage will be entered, water pepper plant shine dry doubling to be cut into 4-7cm small respectively Section, mixes well, and adds decomposing agent, leads to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, and 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(3) prepared by high potassium organic component:Southern reed and sunflower stalk are dried, are cut into 4-7cm segments, then with the banana ears that dry It is mixed well with grape fruit ear, adds decomposing agent, lead to aerobe fermentation 40 days or so, 60 mesh sieve is crossed in drying;
(4) attapulgite, medical stone crushed respectively, cross 150 mesh sieve;
(5) extruder grain:Weigh decomposed high nitrogen organic component, high phosphorus organic component, high potassium organic component and medical stone, recessed Convex stick soil, AM fungies, potassium solubilizing bacteria are simultaneously uniformly mixed, and are squeezed into 2-5mm particles and drying after adjusting moisture, it is special to obtain tobacco Full element nutritional organic fertilizer.
CN201810368884.4A 2018-04-23 2018-04-23 One grows tobacco special complete plain nutritional organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN108409489A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109169048A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-11 石河子大学 A kind of salt-soda soil grazing Brassica napus cultural method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009039560A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-02 Hitec Energy Limited A micronutrient fertiliser and method for producing same
CN103351263A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-16 青岛扎西生物科技有限公司 Green microbial fertilizer for ecological agriculture
CN104892289A (en) * 2014-03-07 2015-09-09 湖南省中科农业有限公司 Special bio-organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method for bio-organic fertilizer
CN106242875A (en) * 2016-08-15 2016-12-21 覃仁安 Any of several broadleaf plants stalk compoiste fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109169048A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-11 石河子大学 A kind of salt-soda soil grazing Brassica napus cultural method
CN109169048B (en) * 2018-11-12 2021-01-19 石河子大学 Method for cultivating oilseed rape for feeding in saline-alkali soil

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