CN108406440A - Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table - Google Patents
Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of numerical-control processing method, arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on a kind of rotary table are specifically disclosed, are included the following steps：A, arc section class workpiece level is placed on numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table, adjusts the location of workpiece, the radial direction of initial manufacture point A on workpiece is made to be overlapped with major axes orientation；B, two point coordinates on same circular arc line are acquired, the initial center of circle O of workpiece is established2Computation model；C, rotary table acquires above-mentioned 2 points of new coordinate, establishes rotation center O1Computation model；C, workbench initial position is restored, with the rotation center O of workbench1Workpiece coordinate system is established for coordinate origin；D, according to the radial angle α of point B to be processed and point A, rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary angle [alpha], and the coordinate position computation model for establishing point B obtains B point coordinates.It is an advantage of the invention that：Easy to operate, high degree of automation, high precision machining is applied widely.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of for obtaining the to be processed of workpiece on rotary table the present invention relates to Computerized Numerical Control processing technology field
The method of point coordinates.
Background technology
When being processed to arc section class (i.e. non-full circle) workpiece on the rotary table of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, due to
The main shaft of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine be unable to swing angle (i.e. Z axis is always perpendicular to X-axis and Y-axis --- numerical control floor type boring and milling machine
National standard is pressed in X, Y, Z axis definition), it is necessary to make the radial direction (" radial direction of point to be processed " of point to be processed on workpiece circular arc line
Refer to bristling with anger to the direction in the arc section class workpiece center of circle to be processed point out in XOZ planes) and numerical control floor type boring and milling machine
Main shaft (Z axis) direction overlaps.Currently, when needing the Inner arc side of workpieces processing, workpiece inner arc need to be faced towards number
The major axes orientation of floor-type milling ＆ boring machine is controlled, the rotation center of the center of circle of workpiece and workbench not homonymy, cannot put workpiece at this time
In the position concentric with worktable rotary center, causes each position coordinate to be processed in workpiece Inner arc side can not achieve and look for automatically
Just.It is generally necessary to first draw the cross centre line of each point to be processed, a point is then often processed on numerical control floor type boring and milling machine
Before, the position for first manually adjusting numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is needed, the cross centre line position of its main-shaft core and point to be processed is made
Coincidence (referred to as looking for processing point) is set, then cutter is installed and benchmark is looked for knife, the point is finally processed, after processing a point
Worktable rotary angle prepares to process next point, at this moment need to unload bottom tool and repeat " look for processing point, installation cutter,
To knife, processing " etc. operating process, repeat operation until process all points to be processed.
This method has the following disadvantages：
1, precision is low.The position of each point to be processed is determined by scribing line, and draws the cross searching of workpiece point to be processed
When line, artificial crossed error is larger；In addition, before each point to be processed of processing, when looking for processing point manually and looking for benchmark to knife,
There is also manual operation errors.The control of these Error on Machining Accuracy is very unfavorable, causes machining accuracy low；
2, cumbersome, efficiency is low.Artificial crossed efficiency is low --- and the more to be processed bit quantity the more apparent, and operative employee
It is required for carrying out following operate before often processing a point to be processed：Processing point is looked for, cutter is installed, is to be processed to knife, processing
Point unloads bottom tool, and whole operation process is very cumbersome, takes, efficiency is low；
3, heavy workload, labor intensity are big.Each point to be processed is required for mark signature center line, needs frequently to repeat
Look for processing point, installation cutter, to knife, processing point to be processed, unload the operations such as bottom tool, heavy workload is looking for processing point, right
People's semi-crouch is needed when the operations such as knife or bends over to operate, and labor intensity is big；
4, the degree of automation is low.The position of each point to be processed needs artificial crossed, often processes a point to be processed
Preceding needs manually look for processing point, to knife etc., underuse the automatic control function of numerically-controlled machine tool, the degree of automation is low.
Invention content
In consideration of it, arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table proposed by the present invention
Method can accurate, convenient, rapidly obtain the coordinate position of each point of arc section class workpiece surface, be used for numerical control programming, make number
Control floor-type milling ＆ boring machine can quickly, it is accurate, automatically navigate to coordinate point to be processed and be processed.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate to be processed obtains on rotary table
Method is taken, is included the following steps：
A, arc section class workpiece level is placed in the XOZ planes of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table；
B, appointing in workpiece surface takes a point to be processed to be used as initial manufacture point A, adjusts the location of workpiece, makes initially to add on workpiece
The radial direction of work point A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A points
Coordinate A (x1, z1), it is taken again in arc section class workpiece surface later and is located at any point C on same circular arc line with A points and acquires C points
Coordinate C (x3, z3), and mark 2 points of A, C；
C, the initial central coordinate of circle computation model for establishing arc section class workpiece calculates arc section using the coordinate position of acquisition
The initial central coordinate of circle of class workpiece；
Under lathe coordinate system, the initial center of circle O of arc section class workpiece2(a2, b2) coordinate position is shown below：
In above formula, the radius of circular arc line where R A, C point, described k, t are shown below：
Two groups of O can be obtained according to above-mentioned computation model2Coordinate, in this two groups of coordinates, close to worktable rotary center O1It sits
One group of cursor position indicates rotation center of the workpiece inner arc towards workbench；And far from worktable rotary center O1Coordinate
Another group of position, then it represents that workpiece outer arc is towards the center of workbench；According to the reality of arc section class workpiece in step B
Clamping situation and the result of calculation of subsequent step E choose O2Coordinate；
D, arc section class workpiece is rotated into θ angles around rotation center with workbench, and acquires A, C point rotation θ angles
Coordinate position afterwards：A′(x1', z1′)、C′(x3', z3′)；
E, worktable rotary centre coordinate computation model is established, the coordinate position evaluation work platform rotation center of acquisition is utilized
Coordinate；
Under lathe coordinate system, the rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) coordinate position be shown below：
In formula：
F, arc section class workpiece is reversely rotated into θ angles around rotation center with workbench, returns to original initial position, with
The rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) it is that coordinate origin establishes workpiece coordinate system, the arc section class workpiece in workpiece coordinate system
Initial central coordinate of circle position is O2(a2-a1, b2-b1), and collected A point coordinates in step B is converted under workpiece coordinate system
A points are processed, the coordinate position of A points is A (x under workpiece coordinate system1-a1, z1-b1)；
G, the arbitrary another point to be processed of workpiece surface is set as point B to be processed, and the radial direction for the B that sets up an office is put down with the radial of point A in XOZ
The angle projected on face is α；Rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary, makes radial direction and the machine tool chief axis side of point B to be processed
To coincidence；When specific operation, if workbench is usually rotated clockwise α angles i.e. by B points close to the counter clockwise direction of A points
Can, workbench also can counterclockwise be rotated to 360- α degree certainly；If B points are close to the clockwise direction of A points, usually by workbench
Workbench can also be rotated clockwise 360- α degree by counter clockwise direction rotation alpha angle certainly.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, for processing the B points being located on same circular arc line with A points, workpiece is with worktable rotary
After α angles, O2Point is with O1For the center of circle, radius is rotation alpha angle on the arc track line of R to O2' point；A points are with O1For circle
The heart, radius r1Arc track line on rotation alpha angle to A ' points；B points are with O1For the center of circle, radius r2Arc track line
Upper rotation alpha angle is to B ' points.For ease of indicating in figure, the new location list of B points is shown as B ' points, represent postrotational wait at B '
Processing stand B (x2, z2) coordinate position.
Point B (x to be processed at this time2, z2) coordinate position such as formula (1), formula (2), shown in formula (3) or formula (4)：
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the counter clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the counter clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the clockwise direction of A points：
In formula (1), (2), (3), (4)
R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed in formula, and in above formula, point to be processed is B points, and r is circle where B points
The radius of camber line；And work as a2-a1When=0, k=1, ω=0 °；Work as b2-b1When=0, ω=90 °；
According to design drawing or available r values are measured, and according to the practical clamping situation and processing stand B of workpiece and A points
Relative position relation, by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) or formula (4) establish computation model complete processing stand B XOZ planes seat
Demarcate position；According to the Y axis coordinate of location determination B point of the B points on XOY plane, B points are processed；
H, coordinate setting and processing that step G completes other points to be processed are repeated.
It,, can be by the following method to A under lathe coordinate system after completing step C in order to ensure workpiece centering is errorless
Point coordinates is verified：
When on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench：
When on the inside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench：
Wherein：R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed；
According to design drawing or available r values are measured, and formula (5) or formula (6) foundation are passed through according to the practical clamping situation of workpiece
Computation model is completed initial manufacture point A and is calculated in the coordinate of XOZ planes；A point coordinates in result of calculation and step B is acquired and is tied
Fruit is compared, if the two is consistent or phase difference is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless, continues
Carry out subsequent step；If being more than artificial correct error range, step B and step C are re-started.
Step B from have different requirements in step G to the adjustment mode of the location of workpiece, needed in step G ensure workpiece with
Workbench is rotated about the center of rotation together, and can be adjusted to the position of workpiece by any way in step B, such as is rotated
Workbench makes workpiece be rotated with workbench or makes workpiece relative to worktable rotary, as long as can make initial manufacture on workpiece
The radial direction of point A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
The method of the present invention is applicable to the acquisition of all kinds of arc section class workpiece surface position coordinates to be processed, such as Fig. 1
Shown in arc-shaped bend pipe and all kinds of arc-shaped parts shown in fig. 6.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) easy to operate, convenient, efficient, workload is few, labor intensity is low.The coordinate bit of arc section class workpiece surface each point
The automatic calculating of realization is set, the cross centre line of each point to be processed need not be drawn, also need not process to be processed remote holder every time
The position of dynamic adjustment numerical control floor type boring and milling machine processes point, to knife to look for, and cutter is only installed once without unloading, pacifying repeatedly
Dress, this not only reduces workloads, have liberated labour, and efficiency is significantly improved.
2) it needs manually to adjust before the processing of high degree of automation, only initial green point, centering, remaining point to be processed
Coordinate position can all be automatically obtained by computation model, numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is automatically positioned according to coordinate position to be processed
To be processed position, need not manually intervene, and process is made to realize automation.
3) as a result accurately high precision machining can realize that precise positioning, machining accuracy are reliable in processing.
4) applied widely, realize flexibility processing.Do not have to placement position of the arc section class workpiece on rotary table
There is particular/special requirement, is suitable for workpiece size variation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the disposing way schematic diagram of arc section class workpiece on the table.
Fig. 2 is illustrated towards when worktable rotary center with the position relationship before and after worktable rotary on the outside of workpiece circular arc
Figure.
Fig. 3 is illustrated towards when worktable rotary center with the position relationship before and after worktable rotary on the inside of workpiece circular arc
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the arc-shaped bend pipe vertical view of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is primary operational flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is arc-shaped design of part schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Embodiment：
1, the mode of arc-shaped bend pipe shown in Fig. 4 as shown in Figure 2 is placed in the rotary work of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine
On platform, and make on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards worktable rotary center.
2, there are 20 60 holes to be processed φ in workpiece surface, the radial angle in adjacent hole to be processed is 5 °, R=1700's
Take a point to be processed to be used as initial manufacture point A on circular arc line, adjust the location of workpiece, make on workpiece the radial direction of initial manufacture point A with
The major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine overlaps, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A point coordinates A
(6154.79, -1601.9), later again the circular arc line of R=1700 take up an official post take another point P and acquire P point coordinates P (7655.8, -
700), and 2 points of A, P is marked；
3, with the relative position computational methods of arc section class workpiece on rotary table proposed by the present invention, calculating can be passed through
Obtain initial (before the not rotating) center of circle O of the workpiece under lathe coordinate system2Coordinate have two groups (6154.79,98.1) or
(6154.79, -2400)；
4, workpiece is rotated 20 ° with workbench counterclockwise, and workbench does not make other displacement actions, acquisition again obtains this
2 points of new coordinate is A ' (6482.78, -1537.99), P ' (8201.73, -1203.86)；
5, with the relative position computational methods of arc section class workpiece on rotary table proposed by the present invention, calculating can be passed through
Obtain the rotation center O of workbench1Coordinate be (6500, -2500)；
6, " the separate worktable rotary center O according to technical solution1Another group of coordinate position, then it represents that workpiece
Towards the center of workbench (i.e. the center of circle of workpiece and the center of workbench not homonymy) on the outside of circular arc ", by be calculated two groups
O2Coordinate respectively with O1The position of coordinate is compared, and can show that the center of circle initial coordinate of this example workpiece is O2(6154.79,
98.1), another group of coordinate then be when this example workpiece rotate 180 ° put on the table when workpiece central coordinate of circle；
7, in order to ensure workpiece centering is errorless, A point coordinates is verified by the following method：Due on the outside of workpiece circular arc
Towards worktable rotary center, computation model is established by the formula (5) in claim 2 and completes initial manufacture point A in XOZ planes
Coordinate calculate；Result of calculation is compared with the A point coordinates collection results in step 2, if the two is consistent or differs
Value is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless；Otherwise, the master of the radial direction and numerical control floor type boring and milling machine of point A
Axis direction does not overlap, should centering again；And it is being checked errorless；
8, by arc section class workpiece with workbench around rotation center O120 ° are rotated clockwise together, return to original initial position,
With the rotation center O of workbench1Establish workpiece coordinate system for coordinate origin, then in workpiece coordinate system arc section class workpiece just
Beginning central coordinate of circle position is O2(- 345.21,2598.10), and collected A point coordinates in step B is converted to workpiece coordinate
A points are processed under system, the coordinate position of A points is A (- 345.21,898.10) under workpiece coordinate system；
9, it after the completion of the hole machined to be processed of A points, since point B to be processed is close to A point counter clockwise directions, is proposed with the present invention
Rotary table on arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods, the workbench of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is clockwise
Direction rotation alpha=5 °；
10, due on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench, and point B to be processed close to A points counterclockwise,
With arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate computational methods --- technical solution Chinese style on rotary table proposed by the present invention
(1), it is (- 570.33,858.12) that can calculate and obtain the coordinate of point B to be processed；
When other points need processing on workpiece circular arc line, the radial angle α of point to be processed and A points is substituted into the present invention and is carried
It is each that corresponding calculating formula on the rotary table gone out in arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate computational methods can calculate acquisition
The coordinate of point to be processed, such as：
11, when needing to process the hole to be processed of C points, radial angle α=40 ° of A, C point, C points are counterclockwise also close to A points
Direction, then workbench be rotated clockwise 35 ° (due to processing B points when, workbench is clockwise relative to initial manufacture point A
Direction has rotated 5 °, therefore the practical rotation angle of workbench is -5 ° of α=40 °=35 °)；The coordinate of C points uses the technology of the present invention side
Case Chinese style (1) is calculated, and is (- 1934.47,68.36).
12, when needing to process the hole to be processed of D points, since D points (wait between B, C point clockwise close to A points
It is opposite to process hole direction), the initial position for the circular arc works that workbench first rotates to (returns to the position that A points are overlapped with main shaft
Set), it according to the method for the present invention, need to be again by workbench counter clockwise direction rotation alpha=5 ° (A, D point radial direction angle are 5 °)；Due to work
Towards the rotation center of workbench on the outside of part circular arc, and workbench counterclockwise rotates, with technical solution of the present invention Chinese style
(2), it is (- 117.46,918.30) that can calculate and obtain the coordinate of point D to be processed.
13, when D spot hole after processing is completed, need (R=2000) E points on Machining Arc shape bend pipe top surface circular arc line
It, need to be again by workbench due to angle α=10 ° of the radial projection in XOZ planes of the radial direction and A points of E points when hole to be processed
Counter clockwise direction rotation alpha=5 ° (have rotated 5 °) counterclockwise when processing D points on the basis of A points.Due on the outside of workpiece circular arc
Towards the rotation center of workbench, and workbench counterclockwise rotates, and with technical solution of the present invention Chinese style (2), can get and waits for
The coordinate of processing stand E is (111.19,618.57).
After the automatic rotation alpha angle of workbench, numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is according to the point coordinates to be processed obtained is calculated, automatically
Each hole to be processed is navigated to be processed.
Claims (5)
1. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed, include the following steps on rotary table：
A, arc section class workpiece level is placed in the XOZ planes of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table；
B, appointing in workpiece surface takes a point to be processed to be used as initial manufacture point A, adjusts the location of workpiece, makes initial manufacture point on workpiece
The radial direction of A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A point coordinates
A(x1, z1), it is taken again in arc section class workpiece surface later and is located at any point C on same circular arc line with A points and acquires C point coordinates
C(x3, z3), and mark 2 points of A, C；
C, the initial central coordinate of circle computation model for establishing arc section class workpiece calculates arc section class work using the coordinate position of acquisition
The initial central coordinate of circle of part；
Under lathe coordinate system, the initial center of circle O of arc section class workpiece2(a2, b2) coordinate position is shown below：
In above formula, the radius of circular arc line where R A, C point, described k, t are shown below：
Two groups of O can be obtained according to above-mentioned computation model2Coordinate, in this two groups of coordinates, close to worktable rotary center O1Coordinate bit
One group set indicates rotation center of the workpiece inner arc towards workbench；And far from worktable rotary center O1Coordinate position
Another group, then it represents that workpiece outer arc is towards the center of workbench；According to the practical clamping of arc section class workpiece in step B
Situation and the result of calculation of subsequent step E choose O2Coordinate；
D, arc section class workpiece is rotated into θ angles with workbench around rotation center, and acquire A, C point rotation θ angles after
Coordinate position：A′(x1', z1′)、C′(x3', z3′)；
E, worktable rotary centre coordinate computation model is established, is sat using the coordinate position evaluation work platform rotation center of acquisition
Mark；
Under lathe coordinate system, the rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) coordinate position be shown below：
In formula：
F, by arc section class workpiece with workbench around rotation center O1θ angles are reversely rotated together, original initial position are returned to, with work
Make the rotation center O of platform1Establish workpiece coordinate system for coordinate origin, then in workpiece coordinate system arc section class workpiece initial circle
Heart coordinate position is O2(a2-a1, b2-b1), and by collected A point coordinates in step B be converted under workpiece coordinate system to A points into
Row processing；
G, the arbitrary another point to be processed of workpiece surface is set as point B to be processed, and the radial direction for the B that sets up an office is with the radial direction of point A in XOZ planes
The angle of projection is α；Rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary, makes the radial direction and machine tool chief axis direction weight of point B to be processed
It closes；Point B (x to be processed2, z2) coordinate position such as formula (1), formula (2), shown in formula (3) or formula (4)：
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the counter clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the counter clockwise direction of A points：
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B points are close to the clockwise direction of A points：
In formula (1), (2), (3), (4)
R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed in formula；And work as a2-a1When=0, k=1, ω=0 °；Work as b2-b1When=0, ω
=90 °；
It according to design drawing or measures and can get r values, and according to the opposite of the practical clamping situation of workpiece and processing stand B and A points
It is fixed in the coordinate of XOZ planes to establish computation model completion processing stand B by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) or formula (4) for position relationship
Position；
H, coordinate setting and processing that step G completes other points to be processed are repeated.
2. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：After completing step C, under lathe coordinate system, A point coordinates is verified by the following method：
When on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench：
When on the inside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench：
Wherein：R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed；
According to design drawing or available r values are measured, and formula (5) or formula (6) foundation calculating are passed through according to the practical clamping situation of workpiece
Model is completed initial manufacture point A and is calculated in the coordinate of XOZ planes；By the A point coordinates collection result in result of calculation and step B into
Row compares, if the two is consistent or phase difference is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless, continues
Subsequent step；If being more than artificial correct error range, step B and step C are re-started.
3. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that：The mode of the adjustment location of workpiece is in step B：Rotary table makes workpiece be rotated with workbench,
The radial direction of initial manufacture point A on workpiece is set to be overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
4. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that：The mode of the adjustment location of workpiece is in step B：Make workpiece relative to worktable rotary, makes initial on workpiece
The radial direction of processing stand A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
5. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2
Method, it is characterised in that：The arc section class workpiece is arc-shaped bend pipe.
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| CN109613892B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-06-04 | 王硕 | Post-processing algorithm for realizing linkage processing of numerical control four-axis vertical milling machine |
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