CN108396270B - Method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bar - Google Patents
Method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars, which comprises the steps of firstly heating and preserving heat of a titanium alloy ingot above a phase transition point by 160 ℃, then performing one-fire upsetting forging, and rounding to obtain a titanium alloy intermediate blank, secondly grinding the titanium alloy intermediate blank, thirdly preheating and preserving heat of the titanium alloy intermediate blank below the phase transition point by 500 ℃, then heating and preserving heat at 70 ℃ below the phase transition point, then performing one-fire radial forging, and straightening to obtain a titanium alloy bar blank, fourthly annealing and straightening the titanium alloy bar blank to obtain α, nearly α and α + β titanium alloy bars.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy, and particularly relates to a method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars.
Background
A titanium alloy containing α stable elements and having a matrix α phase at room temperature in a stable state is called α 0 titanium alloy, a titanium alloy containing α 1 phase as a matrix and only a small amount of α 3 phase is called nearly α 2 titanium alloy, and a titanium alloy consisting of α phase and β phase at room temperature in a stable state is called α + β titanium alloy, so that the α titanium alloy, the nearly α titanium alloy and the α + β titanium alloy have corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and are widely applied to various industries.
α A titanium alloy bar, a nearly α titanium alloy bar and a α + β titanium alloy bar are generally prepared by forging a titanium alloy ingot which is obtained by vacuum melting and has relatively coarse grains and a loose structure, so that the titanium alloy bar which has relatively fine grains and a compact structure and special properties is obtained, the mechanical properties of the α titanium alloy bar, the nearly α titanium alloy bar and the α + β titanium alloy bar are closely related to the microstructure structure and the morphology, the microstructure is fine and orderly arranged, the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy bar are better, the coarse microstructure is disordered, and the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy bar are reduced.
The preparation process of α titanium alloy bars, nearly α titanium alloy bars and α + β titanium alloy bars in the industry at present generally adopts or refers to a Su-Union process, firstly, 2000 tons of hydraulic presses are adopted to upset and draw titanium alloy ingots into blanks respectively at 100-150 ℃ above a transformation point, 20-50 ℃ above the transformation point and 20-50 ℃ below the transformation point, then, 500 kg-5 t of free forging air hammers are adopted to forge the titanium alloy ingots at 20-50 ℃ below the transformation point to obtain finished products, the process carries out cogging forging for more than 1 fire time under the temperature condition higher than the transformation point, and carries out multi-fire forging below the transformation point so as to improve the coarse and thick tissues of a casting state into refined tissues of crystal grains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the method adopts one-fire large-deformation upsetting-drawing blank making and one-fire radial forging forming to quickly refine and break crystal grains in the titanium alloy ingot casting structure, so that the deformation is uniform, the blank making times are greatly reduced, the production steps are simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, heating and insulating a titanium alloy ingot at a temperature of 160 ℃ above a phase transition point, then performing upsetting forging for one time, and rounding to obtain a titanium alloy intermediate blank, wherein the titanium alloy ingot is α titanium alloy ingot, nearly α titanium alloy ingot or α + β titanium alloy ingot, the titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060 plus 2010 titanium and titanium alloy ingot, the upsetting forging is nine-upsetting-nine-drawing forging, the final forging temperature of the upsetting forging is not lower than 200 ℃ below the phase transition point, and the diameter of the titanium alloy intermediate blank is 150-270 mm;
secondly, carrying out polishing treatment on the titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the first step to remove defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and insulating the titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to polishing treatment in the step two at the temperature of 500 ℃ below the transformation point, then heating to 70 ℃ below the transformation point, firstly insulating, then performing radial forging for one fire by using a radial forging machine set, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual radial forging temperature to obtain a titanium alloy bar blank; the titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to polishing treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the titanium alloy intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one heating is not less than 45 percent;
step four, annealing the titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three, and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a titanium alloy bar; the room temperature mechanical property of the titanium alloy bar material meets the requirements of GB/T2965-2007 titanium and titanium alloy bar materials.
The method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars is characterized in that the diameter of the titanium alloy ingot in the first step is 500-700 mm, and the diameter of the titanium alloy bar in the fourth step is 50-200 mm.
The method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars is characterized in that the mass of the titanium alloy ingot in the step one is 500 kg-1000 kg.
The method for producing α, nearly α or α + β titanium alloy bars is characterized in that the deformation of the upsetting forging pass in the step one is not less than 30%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, a titanium alloy ingot is subjected to one-fire large deformation upsetting blank forming and one-fire radial forging forming in sequence to produce α titanium alloy bars, nearly α titanium alloy bars and α + β titanium alloy bars, firstly, grains in the titanium alloy ingot are rapidly refined and fully crushed through large deformation upsetting at the temperature of 160 ℃ above the phase transition point to obtain a titanium alloy intermediate blank, then, a radial forging machine set is adopted to perform continuous radial rotary hammering and axial drawing deformation on the titanium alloy intermediate blank, so that all parts of the titanium alloy intermediate blank are uniformly deformed, meanwhile, the coarse and large structure defects of the upset titanium alloy intermediate blank are improved, the generation of cracks is reduced, the blank forming times are greatly reduced, the production steps are simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
2. According to the invention, high-temperature upsetting and drawing are carried out at the temperature of 160 ℃ above the transformation point, α titanium alloy ingot, nearly α titanium alloy ingot or α + β titanium alloy ingot is fully deformed and the crystal grains are crushed under the condition of smaller deformation resistance of the titanium alloy, so that the nine-upsetting and nine-drawing forging is completed within one fire, coarse crystal grains in α titanium alloy ingot, nearly α titanium alloy ingot or α + β titanium alloy ingot are converted into crystal grains with fine tissues, the microstructure tends to be ordered, and the mechanical properties of the product titanium alloy bar are ensured.
3. According to the invention, the radial forging machine set is adopted to continuously and rapidly radially rotate, move and beat the titanium alloy intermediate blank, the deformation and heat generation of the radial forging compensate the heat loss of radiation, convection and conduction cooling of the titanium alloy intermediate blank to a certain extent, and the forging time is prolonged, so that the radial forging forming at one time is realized.
4. The room-temperature mechanical properties of the α titanium alloy bar, the nearly α titanium alloy bar and the α + β titanium alloy bar prepared by the invention all meet the requirements of GB/T2965-2007 titanium and titanium alloy bars.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate ingot prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate ingot prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of a TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate ingot prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a microstructure of a TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a microstructure of a TA15 titanium alloy intermediate ingot prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a microstructure of a TA15 titanium alloy bar prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a microstructure of a TA2 titanium alloy intermediate ingot prepared in example 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a microstructure of a TA2 titanium alloy bar prepared in accordance with example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The radial forging units used in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were SX-40 radial forging units available from GFM of Austrian.
Example 1
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, removing a dead head and a bottom of a TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 3200kg and the diameter of 500mm, sawing the TC4 titanium alloy ingot into 6 TC4 titanium alloy ingots with the mass of 500kg along the length direction, heating and insulating the TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 500kg for 5 hours at 1150 ℃, performing one-fire nine-heading nine-drawing forging piece by adopting a 3000-ton hydraulic press, and rounding to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank; the titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060-; the pressing speed of the 3000-ton oil press is 1-2 times/min; the pass deformation of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 50%, and the final forging temperature of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 800 ℃; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet is 150 mm;
step two, carrying out grinding treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the step one, and removing defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, then heating to 930 ℃, preserving heat, then performing radial forging for one fire, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual radial forging temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar blank; the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one fire is 89%;
step four, annealing the TC4 titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, then air-cooling and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy bar is 50 mm.
Through detection, the room-temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 mechanical properties at room temperature of TC4 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 1
As can be seen from table 1, the room temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment meet the requirements in GB/T2965-2007 "titanium and titanium alloy bar", which indicates that the preparation method of the present invention ensures the mechanical properties of the product TC4 titanium alloy bar while reducing the times of blank making and radial forging.
Fig. 1 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example mainly consists of a sheet α structure with β structure intervals, and has a large coarse cluster, which indicates that although the crystal grains in the TC4 titanium alloy structure are refined and crushed by large deformation upsetting forging, it is still insufficient.
Fig. 2 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example mainly consists of equiaxed α structures, and at the same time, a small amount of β structures exist, which illustrates that one-time hot radial forging makes the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet structure deform more uniformly and sufficiently, so that the bundling defect of the headed TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet is improved.
Example 2
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, removing a riser and a riser bottom of a TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 3200kg and the diameter of 600mm, sawing the ingot along the length direction into 4 TC4 titanium alloy ingots with the mass of 750kg, heating and preserving the temperature of the TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 750kg for 5 hours at 1150 ℃, performing one-fire nine-heading nine-drawing forging piece by adopting a 3000-ton hydraulic press, and rounding to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank; the titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060-; the pressing speed of the 3000-ton oil press is 1-2 times/min; the pass deformation of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 40%, and the final forging temperature of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 800 ℃; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank is 200 mm;
step two, carrying out grinding treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the step one, and removing defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, then heating to 930 ℃, preserving heat, then performing radial forging for one fire, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual radial forging temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar blank; the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one fire is 45 percent;
step four, annealing the TC4 titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, then air-cooling and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy bar is 150 mm.
Through detection, the room-temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 mechanical properties at room temperature of TC4 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 2
As can be seen from table 2, the room temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment meet the requirements in GB/T2965-2007 "titanium and titanium alloy bar", which indicates that the preparation method of the present invention reduces the times of blank making and radial forging, and at the same time, ensures the mechanical properties of the product TC4 titanium alloy bar.
Fig. 3 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example mainly consists of an elongated α structure and a partial basket structure, which illustrates that although the grains in the TC4 titanium alloy structure are refined and crushed by the large deformation upsetting forging, it is still insufficient.
Fig. 4 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example mainly consists of equiaxed α structures and flaky α structures, and at the same time, a small amount of β structures exist, which indicates that one-fire secondary radial forging makes the deformation of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank structure more uniform and sufficient, and improves the basket structure of the headed TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank.
Example 3
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, removing a riser and a riser bottom of a TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 3200kg and the diameter of 700mm, sawing the ingot into 3 TC4 titanium alloy ingots with the mass of 1000kg along the length direction, heating and preserving the TC4 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 1000kg for 7 hours at 1150 ℃, performing one-fire nine-heading nine-drawing forging piece by adopting a 3000-ton hydraulic press, and rounding to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank; the titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060-; the pressing speed of the 3000-ton oil press is 1-2 times/min; the pass deformation of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 30%, and the final forging temperature of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 800 ℃; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank is 270 mm;
step two, carrying out grinding treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the step one, and removing defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, then heating to 930 ℃, preserving heat, then performing radial forging for one fire, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual radial forging temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar blank; the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one fire is 45 percent;
step four, annealing the TC4 titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, then air-cooling and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a TC4 titanium alloy bar; the diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy bar is 200 mm.
Through detection, the room-temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 mechanical properties at room temperature of TC4 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 3
As can be seen from table 3, the room temperature mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment meet the requirements in GB/T2965-2007 "titanium and titanium alloy bar", which indicates that the preparation method of the present invention reduces the times of blank making and radial forging, and at the same time, ensures the mechanical properties of the product TC4 titanium alloy bar.
Fig. 5 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example mainly consists of a sheet α structure with β structure intervals, and there is a large cluster, which indicates that although the crystal grains in the TC4 titanium alloy structure are refined and crushed by large deformation upsetting forging, it is still insufficient.
Fig. 6 is a microstructure diagram of the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the TC4 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example mainly consists of equiaxed α microstructure, flaky α microstructure and elongated α microstructure, and a small amount of β microstructure, which indicates that radial forging with one fire makes the TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet structure deform more uniformly and sufficiently, so that the bundling defect of the headed TC4 titanium alloy intermediate billet is improved.
Example 4
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, removing a riser and a riser bottom of a TA15 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 3200kg and the diameter of 700mm, sawing the ingot into 3 TA15 titanium alloy ingots with the mass of 1000kg along the length direction, heating and preserving the TA15 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 1000kg for 7 hours at 1150 ℃, performing one-fire nine-heading nine-drawing forging piece by adopting a 3000-ton hydraulic press, and rounding to obtain a TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank; the TA15 titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060-2010 titanium and titanium alloy ingot; the pressing speed of the 3000-ton oil press is 1-2 times/min; the pass deformation of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 30%, and the final forging temperature of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 800 ℃; the diameter of the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank is 270 mm;
step two, carrying out grinding treatment on the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the step one to remove defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ of the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, then heating to 930 ℃, preserving heat, then performing radial forging for one fire, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual temperature of the radial forging to obtain a TA15 titanium alloy bar blank; the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one fire is 45 percent;
step four, annealing the TA15 titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three for 2 hours at the temperature of 800 ℃, then air-cooling and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a TA15 titanium alloy bar; the diameter of the TA15 titanium alloy bar is 200 mm.
Through detection, the room-temperature mechanical properties of the TA15 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example are shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 mechanical properties at room temperature of TA15 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 4
As can be seen from table 4, the room temperature mechanical properties of the TA15 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment meet the requirements in GB/T2965-2007 "titanium and titanium alloy bar", which indicates that the preparation method of the present invention ensures the mechanical properties of the TA15 titanium alloy bar product while reducing the times of blank making and radial forging.
Fig. 7 is a microstructure diagram of a TA15 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example mainly consists of equiaxed α, flaky α and elongated α structures, and a part α structure is coarse, which indicates that although the grains in the TA15 titanium alloy structure are refined and broken through large deformation upsetting forging, the structure is still insufficient.
Fig. 8 is a microstructure diagram of a TA15 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the TA15 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example mainly consists of equiaxed α, flaky α and elongated α structures, and has a small amount of β structures, which illustrates that one-time hot forging makes the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate billet structure more uniform and sufficient in deformation, so that the coarse structure defect of the TA15 titanium alloy intermediate billet after upsetting is improved.
Example 5
The preparation method of this example includes the following steps:
step one, removing a riser and a riser bottom of a TA2 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 3200kg and the diameter of 700mm, sawing the ingot into 3 TA2 titanium alloy ingots with the mass of 1000kg along the length direction, heating and preserving the TA2 titanium alloy ingot with the mass of 1000kg for 7 hours at 1070 ℃, performing one-fire nine-heading nine-drawing one by adopting a 3000-ton hydraulic press, and rounding to obtain a TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank; the TA2 titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060-; the pressing speed of the 3000-ton oil press is 1-2 times/min; the pass deformation of the nine-heading nine-drawing forging is 30%, and the final forging temperature of the nine-heading nine-drawing is 800 ℃; the diameter of the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank is 270 mm;
step two, carrying out grinding treatment on the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the step one to remove defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ of the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the step two, then heating to 840 ℃, preserving heat, performing radial forging for one fire, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual temperature of the radial forging to obtain a TA2 titanium alloy bar blank; the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to grinding treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one fire is 45 percent;
step four, annealing the TA2 titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three for 2 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃, then air-cooling and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a TA2 titanium alloy bar; the diameter of the TA2 titanium alloy bar is 200 mm.
Through detection, the room-temperature mechanical properties of the TA2 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example are shown in table 5 below.
TABLE 5 mechanical properties at room temperature of TA2 titanium alloy bars prepared in example 5
As can be seen from table 5, the room temperature mechanical properties of the TA2 titanium alloy bar prepared in this embodiment meet the requirements in GB/T2965-2007 "titanium and titanium alloy bar", which indicates that the preparation method of the present invention ensures the mechanical properties of the TA2 titanium alloy bar product while reducing the times of blank making and radial forging.
Fig. 9 is a microstructure diagram of a TA2 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 9 that the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate billet prepared in this example mainly consists of a coarse α structure, which illustrates that although the grains in the TA2 titanium alloy structure are refined and crushed by the large deformation upset forging, the structure is still insufficient.
Fig. 10 is a microstructure diagram of a TA2 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 10 that the TA2 titanium alloy bar prepared in this example mainly consists of a refined equiaxed α structure, which illustrates that one-time hot forging makes the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate billet structure more uniformly and sufficiently deformed, and the coarse structure defect of the TA2 titanium alloy intermediate billet after upsetting is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of producing α, nearly α, or α + β titanium alloy bars, comprising the steps of:
firstly, heating and insulating a titanium alloy ingot at a temperature of 160 ℃ above a phase transition point, then performing upsetting forging for one time, and rounding to obtain a titanium alloy intermediate blank, wherein the titanium alloy ingot is α titanium alloy ingot, nearly α titanium alloy ingot or α + β titanium alloy ingot, the titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of GB/T26060 plus 2010 titanium and titanium alloy ingot, the upsetting forging is nine-upsetting-nine-drawing forging, the final forging temperature of the upsetting forging is not lower than 200 ℃ below the phase transition point, and the diameter of the titanium alloy intermediate blank is 150-270 mm;
secondly, carrying out polishing treatment on the titanium alloy intermediate blank obtained in the first step to remove defects such as cracks, folds and the like on the end head and the surface;
step three, preheating and insulating the titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to polishing treatment in the step two at the temperature of 500 ℃ below the transformation point, then heating to 70 ℃ below the transformation point, firstly insulating, then performing radial forging for one fire by using a radial forging machine set, and performing straightening treatment by using the residual radial forging temperature to obtain a titanium alloy bar blank; the titanium alloy intermediate blank subjected to polishing treatment in the radial forging process is clamped and rotated to move radially, the titanium alloy intermediate blank is hammered by 4 hammers on the same cross section while moving radially, and the titanium alloy intermediate blank is rounded, reduced in diameter and deformed until the forging size is reached; the included angle between two adjacent hammerheads in the 4 hammerheads is 90 degrees, and the rotating speed is 30 r/min; the total deformation amount of the radial forging of one heating is not less than 45 percent;
step four, annealing the titanium alloy bar blank obtained in the step three, and straightening by utilizing the annealing residual temperature to obtain a titanium alloy bar; the room temperature mechanical property of the titanium alloy bar material meets the requirements of GB/T2965-2007 titanium and titanium alloy bar materials.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the titanium alloy ingot in step one is from 500mm to 700mm, and the diameter of the titanium alloy rod in step four is from 50mm to 200 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass of the titanium alloy ingot in step one is from 500kg to 1000 kg.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the upset-draw forging of step one has a pass deformation of not less than 30% for the α, near α or α + β titanium alloy bar.
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