CN108385850B - Design and manufacturing method of large-deformation damping energy dissipater - Google Patents
Design and manufacturing method of large-deformation damping energy dissipater Download PDFInfo
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design and a manufacturing method of a large-deformation damping energy absorber, and belongs to the field of energy dissipation and damping of building structures. The large-deformation damping energy dissipater comprises semicircular arc energy dissipation sections at two ends, an upper straight energy dissipation section, a lower straight energy dissipation section and a middle connecting plate, wherein the size of the middle connecting plate is larger than that of the straight energy dissipation sections, and the straight energy dissipation sections and the middle connecting plate are subjected to smooth transition treatment to prevent stress concentration. During design, mechanical performance indexes such as initial rigidity, yield displacement and the like of the energy dissipater are determined according to structural requirements, so that the geometric dimension of the energy dissipation section of the energy dissipater is determined; secondly, determining a high-strength bolt required by the middle connecting plate according to the peak load born by the energy dissipater; then determining a plane expansion diagram of the energy dissipater, and integrally cutting and forming by adopting a steel plate; and finally, adopting full penetration butt welding seams at the interfaces. The large-deformation damping energy absorber is arranged at a place where the relative deformation of a building structure is large, and the vibration response of the building under the action of earthquake or strong wind load is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy dissipation and shock absorption of building structures, and particularly relates to a large-deformation shock absorption energy absorber.
Background
The energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is to add an energy absorber at a designated part of the structure to dissipate the energy input into the structure under the action of earthquake or strong wind load, thereby reducing the vibration response of the structure and avoiding the damage of the structure. The metal energy dissipater dissipates energy through plastic hysteresis deformation generated after the metal material yields, and has low manufacturing and maintenance cost due to stable mechanical property, thus being widely applied in the energy dissipation and shock absorption field.
The earthquake is taken as the first of group disaster, aftershocks generally appear along with main shocks when the earthquake occurs, and the main shocks are just over, and frequent aftershocks are often immediately following the main shocks, so that the metal energy dissipater needs to be ensured to continuously deform and consume energy after undergoing the main shocks, and therefore, the improvement of the ductility and fatigue resistance of the metal energy dissipater becomes important. And the large deformation capacity of most of the current metal energy absorbers is insufficient, and the metal energy absorbers are obviously not suitable for engineering applications requiring large deformation such as a shock insulation layer.
It is therefore important to develop a large deformation energy absorber that has an extremely strong deformability and that is stable in bearing capacity in the case of large deformations, while also having excellent ductility and fatigue resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber, which is used for improving the ductility and fatigue resistance of a metal energy absorber, has extremely strong deformation capacity and can provide stable bearing capacity under the condition of large deformation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a large deformation shock attenuation energy absorber, large deformation shock attenuation energy absorber includes the semicircle power consumption section at both ends, upper and lower two respectively straight power consumption section and intermediate junction board, the size of intermediate junction board is greater than straight power consumption section, through smooth transition processing in order to prevent stress concentration between straight power consumption section and the intermediate junction board, moreover large deformation shock attenuation energy absorber structural style is symmetrical, simple structure, and mechanical model is clear and definite, and processing is convenient, can realize accurate design and preparation, large deformation shock attenuation energy absorber is installed in the relatively big department of deformation of building structure through high strength bolt and is alleviateed the vibration response of building under seismic action or strong wind load effect.
Preferably, the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater is made of Q235 steel or Q345 steel.
Preferably, the intermediate connection plate is treated by expansion.
Preferably, the intermediate connection plate is provided with bolt holes.
Preferably, the chamfer radius at the smooth transition between the straight dissipative segment and the intermediate web should be large enough to eliminate stress concentrations while meeting design requirements.
Preferably, the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater has only one weld and is located within the enlarged web to enhance its overall performance.
The invention also provides a design and a manufacturing method of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater, which can accurately design the energy dissipater according to actual engineering requirements so as to realize excellent anti-seismic performance, and the specific design method and the manufacturing steps are as follows:
(a) Firstly, determining the initial rigidity, yield displacement, yield bearing capacity and other mechanical performance indexes of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater according to the actual engineering structure requirements, wherein the calculation formulas of the mechanical performance indexes are shown in formulas (1) - (6), so that the geometric dimension and the steel type of the energy dissipation section of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater are determined;
mechanical property index calculation formula:
yield bearing capacity
Initial stiffness:
wherein the initial stiffness correction factor:
post yield stiffness: k' =αk 0 (4)
Yield displacement:
peak load: f (F) u ＝βF y (6)
Wherein t is the thickness of the steel plate of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater; w is the width of the steel plate of the energy consumption section (semicircular arc energy consumption section or straight energy consumption section) of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater; r is the radius of the middle line of the semicircular arc energy dissipation section of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater; s is the length from the end of the semicircular arc energy consumption section to the end of the middle connecting plate; sigma (sigma) y Yield strength of the material of the shock absorption energy dissipater with large deformation; e is elastic mould of large-deformation damping energy absorber materialAn amount of; alpha is the ratio of the rigidity of the large deformation shock absorption energy dissipater after yielding to the initial rigidity, and 0.005-0.015 is recommended for Q235 steel and Q345 steel; beta is the super strong coefficient of steel, and 1.2-1.5 is recommended for Q235 steel and Q345 steel;
(b) Secondly, the diameter and the number of high-strength bolt holes required by the middle connecting plate are determined according to the peak load borne by the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater, so that the size of the middle connecting plate can be determined, and the size of the middle connecting plate is required to be larger than that of the flat energy dissipation section, so that connection reliability can be ensured, and the energy dissipation deformation of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater can be limited to the semicircular arc energy dissipation section and the flat energy dissipation section;
(c) Then, determining a plane expansion diagram of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater, and then integrally cutting and rolling by adopting a steel plate;
(d) And finally, adopting full penetration butt welding seams at the joints formed by rolling.
By adopting the technical scheme, the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber has the beneficial effects that:
1) The deformability is extremely strong. The invention realizes larger deformation by bending deformation energy consumption and rolling forward along the length direction under the action of horizontal external force, and experiments show that stable bearing capacity can be maintained under the condition of large deformation.
2) Has good ductility and fatigue resistance. The invention rolls forward to deform under the action of horizontal external force, so that the energy dissipater is enabled to yield and consume energy in multiple sections, the concentrated appearance of the yield position is avoided, and the ductility and fatigue resistance of the energy dissipater are obviously improved.
3) The design is simple. The invention can realize accurate design due to definite mechanical model, and can realize the requirements of mechanical performance indexes such as arbitrary initial rigidity, yield displacement, yield load and the like by changing the thickness, width, height and the like of the steel plate of the energy dissipater.
4) The cost is lower. The invention adopts common building steel, greatly reduces the production cost, has excellent performance and is favorable for the great popularization of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater.
The design and the manufacturing method of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater have been verified by experiments, and the experimental results show that: the design formula can accurately predict various mechanical performance indexes of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater, and the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater has extremely strong deformation capacity, excellent ductility and fatigue resistance, easy processing, convenient construction, lower cost and strong applicability, can be arranged at positions of a frame layer, a shock insulation layer and the like, and effectively reduces the vibration reaction of the structure, so that the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater has wide engineering application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the layout of the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention between frame layers.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention between frame layers.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention in a shock isolation support.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a loading device of the large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater test site of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the test hysteresis of the large deformation shock absorber test piece LS-2 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of a test skeleton of a large deformation shock absorber test piece LS-2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a semicircular arc energy consumption section; 2. a flat energy consumption section; 3. a middle connecting plate; 4. bolt holes; 4-1, bolt holes reserved in the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; 5. full penetration butt weld; 6. a frame column; 7. a frame beam; 8. a steel support; 9. a large deformation shock absorbing energy dissipater in the frame; 9-1, a large-deformation damping energy absorber in the shock insulation support; 10. connecting steel plates; 11. high-strength bolts (connected to the connecting steel plate 10); 11-1, high-strength bolts (connected with the frame beam 7); 12. an upper cover plate; 13. high damping rubber shock insulation pad; 14. and a lower cover plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
the invention provides a large-deformation shock absorption energy absorber, which is shown in the figures 1-4, and comprises semicircular arc energy dissipation sections 1 at two ends, an upper flat energy dissipation section 2, a lower flat energy dissipation section 2 and a middle connecting plate 3. Under the action of horizontal external force, the large deformation shock absorption energy dissipater rolls forwards along the length direction of the large deformation shock absorption energy dissipater to consume energy.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the large deformation shock absorbing and energy dissipating device of the present invention is made of Q235 steel or Q345 steel, and the intermediate connection plate 3 is provided with bolt holes 4 by an expansion process. The straight energy consumption section 2 and the middle connecting plate 3 are subjected to smooth transition treatment, and the chamfer radius at the smooth transition part is large enough to eliminate the stress concentration phenomenon on the premise of meeting the design requirement. The large-deformation damping energy dissipater is formed by integrally cutting a steel plate and then rolling, and the large-deformation damping energy dissipater is provided with only one welding line 5 and is positioned in the middle connecting plate.
The specific size parameters of the large-deformation shock absorption energy absorber are determined according to actual engineering requirements, and the specific design method and the manufacturing steps are as follows:
(a) Firstly, determining the initial rigidity, yield displacement, yield bearing capacity and other mechanical performance indexes of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater according to the actual engineering structure requirements, wherein the calculation formulas of the mechanical performance indexes are shown in formulas (1) - (6), so that the geometric dimension and the steel type of the energy dissipation section of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater are determined;
mechanical property index calculation formula:
yield bearing capacity
Initial stiffness:
wherein the initial stiffness correction factor:
post yield stiffness: k' =αk 0 (4)
Yield displacement:
peak load: f (F) u ＝βF y (6)
Wherein t is the thickness of the steel plate of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater; w is the width of a steel plate of a large deformation damping energy dissipater energy dissipation section (a semicircular arc energy dissipation section (1) or a flat energy dissipation section (2)); r is the radius of the central line of the semicircular arc energy dissipation section (1) of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater; s is the length from the end part of the semicircular arc energy consumption section (1) to the end part of the middle connecting plate (3); sigma (sigma) y Yield strength of the material of the shock absorption energy dissipater with large deformation; e is the elastic modulus of the large-deformation damping energy absorber material; alpha is the ratio of the rigidity of the large deformation shock absorption energy dissipater after yielding to the initial rigidity, and 0.005-0.015 is recommended; beta is the super strong coefficient of steel, and 1.2-1.5 is recommended for Q235 steel and Q345 steel;
(b) Secondly, the diameter and the number of the high-strength bolt holes 4 required by the middle connecting plate 3 are determined according to the peak load born by the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater, so that the size of the middle connecting plate 3 can be determined, and the size of the middle connecting plate 3 is required to be larger than that of the flat energy dissipation section 2, so that the connection reliability can be ensured, and the energy dissipation deformation of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater can be limited to the semicircular arc energy dissipation section 1 and the flat energy dissipation section 2;
(c) Then, determining a plane unfolding diagram (as shown in fig. 2) of the large-deformation shock absorption energy absorber, and then adopting a steel plate to integrally cut and roll to form;
(d) And finally, adopting full penetration butt welding seams at the joints formed by rolling.
The interlayer position for the frame structure is designed to enable the large-deformation damping energy absorber to yield and consume energy before the structure under the action of earthquake or strong wind load so as to reduce the vibration response of the structure, and the structure does not need to be replaced after earthquake due to the excellent deformation capacity and fatigue resistance. Fig. 3 and fig. 4 respectively show an interlayer arrangement mode and a working schematic diagram of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater of the present invention in a frame structure, and when the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater is specifically installed, as shown in fig. 3, the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9 is arranged at a midspan position of the bottom surface of the frame beam 7, and the length direction of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9 is parallel to the span direction of the frame beam 7. The large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9 is also connected with the building structure by means of the inverted V-shaped steel support 8 and the connecting steel plate 10, and the connecting steel plate 10 is provided with bolt holes corresponding to the middle connecting plate 3 of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9. For the concrete frame beam 7, the corresponding high-strength bolts 11-1 are pre-embedded in the concrete frame beam 7 in advance, and the area where the concrete frame beam 7 is connected with the large-deformation shock absorption energy dissipater 9 needs to be locally reinforced; for the steel frame beam 7, bolt holes corresponding to the middle connecting plate 3 of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9 are arranged on the bottom surface of the steel frame beam 7 in advance, and the area where the steel frame beam 7 is connected with the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9 needs to be locally reinforced. In the concrete installation, the large-deformation shock-absorbing and energy-dissipating device 9 is fixed in the frame structure through the high-strength bolts 11 and 11-1.
Embodiment two:
in the shock insulation structure, the shock absorber is matched with a rubber shock insulation support for use, specifically, as shown in fig. 5, because of uncertainty of the earthquake action direction, the two vertical directions around the high damping rubber shock insulation pad 13 are respectively provided with a large deformation shock absorption energy absorber 9-1, on one hand, because of the super strong deformation capacity of the large deformation shock absorption energy absorber 9-1 along the length direction thereof, energy can be dissipated in the plastic deformation process, and the shock absorber has a certain protection effect on the high damping rubber shock insulation pad 13; on the other hand, the arrangement of the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy dissipater 9-1 can make up for the defect of the tensile property of the high-damping rubber shock-absorbing cushion 13. During specific installation, the lower cover plate 14 is connected with the lower structure, the high damping rubber shock insulation pad 13 is integrated with the upper cover plate 12 and the lower cover plate 14 through a thermal vulcanization technology, the large deformation shock absorption energy dissipater 9-1 around the high damping rubber shock insulation pad 13 can be connected with the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 14 through high strength bolts or welding, and finally the upper cover plate 12 is connected with the upper structure.
In addition, the 5 large deformation vibration absorbing and energy dissipating devices described in example 1 and example 2 were subjected to a low cycle reciprocating loading test, test pieces were numbered LS-1 to LS-5, the test loading device is shown in FIG. 6, and the test pieces are all Q235 steel, and since the failure mechanism and the failure mode of the 5 energy dissipating devices in the present test are basically the same, only the test result of the test piece LS-2 is shown here: dimensional parameters of test piece LS-2: t=20, w=100, r=140, s=120, the semicircular arc energy consumption section 1 and the straight energy consumption section 2 have produced sufficient plastic deformation during the breaking, and a plurality of cracks appear in the four straight energy consumption sections 2, which indicates that the test piece LS-2 realizes multi-section yielding, effectively avoids the stress concentration phenomenon, the test hysteresis curve and the skeleton curve of the test piece LS-2 are shown in fig. 7 and 8, the hysteresis curve is in a full spindle shape, the hysteresis ring is stable and full until the last breaking and breaking, the bearing capacity degradation of the test piece is small, the limit displacement of the test piece LS-2 is 240mm, the total circulation of 90 circles is realized during the breaking of the test piece, and the displacement accumulated history reaches 35568mm. Experimental studies have shown that: the large-deformation damping energy absorber can realize multi-section yield, has small strength degradation, strong deformation capacity, stable and full hysteresis loop and excellent fatigue resistance.
Claims (6)
1. A design and manufacturing method of a large-deformation damping energy absorber is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the large-deformation damping energy dissipater comprises semicircular arc energy dissipation sections (1) at two ends, an upper straight energy dissipation section (2) and a lower straight energy dissipation section (2) and a middle connecting plate (3), wherein the size of the middle connecting plate (3) is larger than that of the straight energy dissipation sections (2), the straight energy dissipation sections (2) and the middle connecting plate (3) are subjected to smooth transition treatment to prevent stress concentration, and the large-deformation damping energy dissipater is installed at a place with larger relative deformation of a building structure through high-strength bolts to lighten vibration response of the building under the action of earthquake or strong wind load;
the design and manufacturing method of the large-deformation damping energy absorber comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining initial rigidity, yield displacement and yield bearing capacity of the large-deformation shock-absorption energy absorber according to actual engineering structure requirements, wherein calculation formulas of the initial rigidity, the yield displacement and the yield bearing capacity are shown in formulas (1) - (6), so that the geometric dimension and the steel type of the energy consumption section of the large-deformation shock-absorption energy absorber are determined;
mechanical property index calculation formula:
yield bearing capacity
Initial stiffness:
wherein the initial stiffness correction factor:
post yield stiffness: k' =αk 0 (4) Yield displacement:
peak load: f (F) u ＝βF y (6) Wherein t is the thickness of the steel plate of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater;
w is the width of a steel plate of a large deformation damping energy dissipater energy dissipation section (a semicircular arc energy dissipation section (1) or a flat energy dissipation section (2));
r is the radius of the central line of the semicircular arc energy dissipation section (1) of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater;
s is the length from the end part of the semicircular arc energy consumption section (1) to the end part of the middle connecting plate (3);
σ y yield strength of the material of the shock absorption energy dissipater with large deformation;
e is the elastic modulus of the large-deformation damping energy absorber material;
alpha is the ratio of the rigidity of the large-deformation shock absorption energy dissipater after yielding to the initial rigidity, and alpha is 0.005-0.015;
beta is the super strong coefficient of steel, and for Q235 steel and Q345 steel, beta is 1.2-1.5;
secondly, the diameter and the number of high-strength bolt holes (4) required by the middle connecting plate (3) are determined according to the peak load borne by the large-deformation shock-absorption energy dissipater, so that the size of the middle connecting plate (3) can be determined, the size of the middle connecting plate (3) is required to be larger than that of the flat energy dissipation section (2), the connection reliability can be ensured, and the energy dissipation deformation of the large-deformation shock-absorption energy dissipater can be limited to the semicircular arc energy dissipation section (1) and the flat energy dissipation section (2);
then, determining a plane expansion diagram of the large-deformation damping energy dissipater, and then integrally cutting and rolling by adopting a steel plate;
and finally, adopting full penetration butt welding seams at the joints formed by rolling.
2. The method for designing and manufacturing the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber is made of Q235 steel or Q345 steel.
3. The method for designing and manufacturing the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the intermediate connection plate (3) is subjected to expansion treatment.
4. The method for designing and manufacturing the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the middle connecting plate (3) is provided with a bolt hole (4).
5. The method for designing and manufacturing the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large-deformation damping energy absorber is provided with only one welding line (5) and is positioned in the middle connecting plate (3).
6. The method for designing and manufacturing the large-deformation shock-absorbing energy absorber according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the chamfer radius at the smooth transition between the flat energy consumption section (2) and the middle connecting plate (3) is large enough to eliminate the stress concentration phenomenon on the premise of meeting the design requirement.
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| CN110296173B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-01-15 | 西安理工大学 | double-U-shaped buffer support and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110725427B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-11-20 | 邢台职业技术学院 | Vibration-loss-free self-recovery type metal double-cylinder space shock absorption energy dissipater |
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| 新型钢棒阻尼器隔震橡胶支座抗震性能试验研究;程蓓;邓烜;李世伟;蒋航军;曾德民;;建筑结构(第08期);全文 * |
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