CN108378371B - 一种抗寒促力复合营养素及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种补充营养的运动营养食品,特别是指一种抗寒促力复合营养素及其制备方法。能促进冬季体育运动项目在寒冷环境下的运动表现,冬季运动大负荷量训练中运动员维生素、氨基酸和微量元素不平衡,预防因维生素和微量元素缺乏所引起的亚健康或疾病的同时,特别强化了铁、锌、钙等矿物质和相关必需氨基酸的储备,以使运动员机体在寒冷干燥环境下保持较强的生理代偿能力、更快适应大强度训练和参赛中引起的运动性疲劳状态,迅速恢复机能水平,稳定获得训练效果,实现预防疾病、最终促进机能和体能的提高,不仅能为高水平冬季运动员参赛服务,也为冬季户外、登山、旅游以及运动性疲劳人群提供专业的、有效的身体机能强化营养。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种补充营养的运动营养食品,特别是指一种抗寒与抗冬季项目运动性的疲劳的复合营养素。
背景技术
目前国际、国内市场上的运动营养食品,种类很多,但真正结合中西方饮食***的制约很不稳定,为了解决这一问题,人们一直在不断的探索和研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种抗寒促力复合营养素,在运动性疲劳环境下能够快速补充人体所需的营养,并能加快人体对运动性疲劳环境的积极适应。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,一种抗寒促力复合营养素,其由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成:
更优选地,一种抗寒促力复合营养素,其由包括以下重量份数原料制备而成:
更优选地,本发明所述的低聚糖为麦芽低聚糖,其中,麦芽低聚糖采用以淀粉为原料经酶法生产的含3-8个葡萄糖分子。
更优选地,本发明抗寒促力复合营养素中的钙,采用苹果酸钙,密度1.595,原料2.83克含有500毫克钙。
发明人经多年实践与研究发现本发明抗寒促力复合营养素中的原料成分:
1,6二磷酸果糖(FDP):具有抗滑雪环境组织运动性疲劳。可提高细胞内三磷酸腺苷和磷酸肌酸的浓度、促进钾离子内流、增加红细胞内二磷酸营养酸的含量、抑制滑雪环境氧自由基和组织胺释放等多种作用,能减轻机体因滑雪缺血、运动性疲劳造成的损害,保护心肌。
牛磺酸:属于人体必需氨基酸之一,参与糖代谢的调节,加速糖酵解;能增强滑雪环境下的心肌收缩力,增加血液输出,同时防止冬季训练期间的心肌损伤;能保护肝脏。对于维持运动能力牛磺酸是必需的,加强补给可使运动能力和抗运动性疲劳能力进一步增加。
赖氨酸:属于人体必需氨基酸之一,可以调节人体代谢平衡;能提高钙的吸收以及在体内的积累,维持运动员骨代谢、增加食欲、减少疾病和增强体质的作用。
门冬氨酸:具有防止和恢复运动性疲劳环境疲劳的特殊作用,解毒,促进肝功能和促进运动员有氧耐力能力。
蛋氨酸:参与蛋白质合成。因其不能在体内自身生成,所以必须由外部获得。体内氧自由基造成的膜脂质过度氧化是导致机体多种损害的原因,蛋氨酸通过多种途径抗击这些损害。
辅酶Q10:主要有两个作用,一是营养物质在线粒体内转化为能量的过程中起重要的作用,提高运动能量代谢;二是有明显的抗脂质过氧化作用,增强免疫***,改善肌肉收缩功能,预防运动损伤。
本申请的发明人经多年研究大量基础与应用实验后,发现选用上述特定的原料,特定的比例制成的抗寒促力复合营养素,在安全性、在抗运动性疲劳和补充人体所需的营养方面均有良好的效果;能加快人体对运动性疲劳环境的积极适应,增加相关抗运动性疲劳营养素的全面储备。
本发明的一种抗寒促力复合营养素的制备方法,其包括以下步骤;
按配方量,取各原料,混合均匀,即成。
优选地,本发明一种抗寒促力复合营养素的制备方法,在避光、干燥、无菌条件下混合搅拌均匀。
更优选地,所述抗寒促力复合营养素,可按常规方法制成片剂、胶囊剂、冲剂。
本发明的抗寒促力复合营养素,能纠正大运动负荷量训练中运动员维生素、氨基酸和微量元素不平衡,预防因维生素和微量元素缺乏所引起的疾病的同时,特别强化了铁、锌、钙等矿物质和相关必需氨基酸的储备,以使运动员机体保持较强的造血代偿能力、更快适应冬季训练低氧、低压环境,实现冬季训练的平原化。为高水平运动员这批特殊人群在冬季训练前中后,适应冬季训练的双重运动性疲劳环境,迅速恢复机能水平,稳定获得训练效果,实现预防疾病、最终促进机能提高,不仅能为高水平运动员参赛服务,也为户外、登山、旅游以及冬季运动性疲劳人群提供专业的、有效的身体机能强化营养。
附图说明
图1使用组与对照组运动员神经紧张度的变化情况表。
图2使用组与对照组运动员有氧能力指数的变化情况表。
图3使用组与对照组运动员无氧能力指数的变化情况表。
图4使用组与对照组运动员反应速度的变化情况表。
具体实施方式
实施例1(国标单位)
其制备方法如下:
按上述配方量称取各原料,在避光、干燥、无菌条件下混合搅拌均匀,即成。
实施例2(国标单位)
其制备方法如下:
按上述配方量称取各原料,在避光、干燥、无菌条件下混合搅拌均匀,即成。
实施例3(国标单位)
其制备方法如实施例1。
以下是本发明实施例1的抗寒促力复合营养素的有益效果;
1)女子双板滑雪运动员按随机分为使用本发明产品的使用组和未使用本发明产品的对照组,分组情况如表1。
表1 女子双板滑雪运动员冬季训练营养补充分组情况表
2)使用方法
1.营养储备阶段:滑雪训练营前一周开始补充“抗寒促力复合营养素”,每天一粒,15克(含介质辅料,如蔗糖),或分为两粒,总量不变。
2.滑雪训练适应阶段:滑雪训练营后继续保持补充“抗寒促力复合营养素”一周,每天一粒,根据尿量、体重、血氧饱和度、神经紧张度差值、反应时等指标,采用SPSS20.0统计软件包分析数据,经过分析讨论得出结论。
3.监控确定具体停止补充时间;
4.滑雪训练巩固阶段:滑雪训练营第2周开始,继续补充“抗寒促力复合营养素”一周,每天早餐后一粒;
5.滑雪训练强化阶段:为了最大化获得冬季训练的效果,积极推进超量恢复,在滑雪训练后第2周继续补充“抗寒促力复合营养素”一周,第3周全面进行体能测试,评价冬季训练效果。
3)使用效果评价的测试方法
美国Masimo运动综合机能能力测试
指标包括:心率、血氧饱和度、血红蛋白、血流灌注指数(PI)、容积变化指数(PVI)等;身体机能测试指标还包括神经疲劳指标、能量代谢指标、有氧能力指数测试、反应时等。
4)统计学方法
测试数据用平均数±标准差表示,数据统计应用SPSS20.0统计软件包。采用了One-way ANOVA方差分析、配对t检验、Pearson系数相关性分析和Hierarchical cluster聚类分析等统计学方法。以P<0.05作为差异具有显著性的标准,以P<0.01作为差异具有非常显著性的标准。
5)本产品的有益效果明显:
(1)明显有利于运动员训练后神经紧张度的缓解
肌肉和大脑神经紧张度与人体血液循环速度成反比,紧张程度高,血管受到挤压,血管血流量相对减少,如果神经紧张度偏高,则机体疲劳程度深。表2列出了两组受试者训练前后的神经紧张度,使用组运动员在运动开始前的神经紧张度略高于对照组,但无显著性差异(P>0.05),但对照组和使用组训练后的神经紧张度,经检验有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
注:使用组的训练前后训练后神经紧张度差值与对照组经检验为非正态分布,采用非参数检验中的2个相关样本检验方法,*表示与对照组相比有显著性差异,P<0.05。
(2)明显提高滑雪运动员训练后的能量代谢能力
运动员能量能量代谢***评价包含有氧机能和无氧机能两个方面。表3为使用Omega Wave***对运动员两次训练前后的评价结果。从表3为对照组与使用组受试者训练前后有氧能力指数的变化情况,从下表可看出运动员的有氧能力指数在训练后均有小幅度下降,但无显著性差异。
表4列出了对照组与使用组受试者训练前后无氧能力指数的变化情况,使用组训练前无氧能力指数较对照组呈下降趋势,但无显著性差异,对照组\使用组训练后无氧能力指数为呈明显下降,且统计上有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。
注:**表示使用组训练后指标与对照组训练后指标相比较,有非常显著性异,P<0.01。
(3)明显提高滑雪运动员训练的反应能力
表5为两组受试者训练前后反应时间,对照组训练前后反应时基本一致,使用组训练后反应时较训练前有大幅下降,两组受试者训练前反应时基本一致,但使用组反应时显著低于对照组,统计上有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
注:*表示使用组训练后指标与对照组训练后指标相比较,有显著性差异。
(4)明显改善运动员训练后身体机能状况
训练后神经紧张度与训练后迷走神经调节***影响因数之间有非常显著性负相关(r=-0.702,P<0.01),训练后神经紧张度与训练后交感神经调节***影响因数之间有显著性正相关(r=0.465,P<0.05),训练后有氧能力指数和训练后无氧能力指数间为显著性负相关(-0.423,P<0.05),训练后交感神经调节***影响因数与训练后迷走神经调节***影响因数间为非常显著性负相关(-0.933,P<0.01)。
(5)有益效果概述
冬季训练周期经过“抗寒促力复合营养素”使用后,使用组与对照组相比,补充“抗寒促力复合营养素”前后Masimo运动综合机能能力测试多个关键指标有显著性差异,表明经过循序渐进的“抗寒促力复合营养素”专门补充后,机体能力的积极恢复占主导地位,使用组整体机能状态优于对照组。
肌肉和大脑神经紧张度与人体血液循环速度成反比,紧张程度高,血管受到挤压,血管血流量相对减少,如果神经紧张度偏高,则机体疲劳程度深。两组受试者对照组训练后的升高值显著高于使用组,说明补充营养组训练后疲劳加深程度低于对照组。
迷走神经属于副交感神经,它的功能增强会使心跳减慢,血压下降,它的变化可反映神经疲劳程度。交感神经与迷走神经功能大致相反,它增强时,人体出现血液循环***的机能增进,心跳加速,血压升高等症状。在本次实验中两组受试者训练后的迷走神经调节***影响因数相较训练前都有大幅度下降,且有非常显著性差异;交感神经调节***影响因数训练后较训练前有大幅度上升,且统计上均有非常显著性差异。但是两组受试者之间在训练前后均无显著性差异。该结果说明实验设计的运动负荷使两组运动员神经***均产生了疲劳,但补充营养与否对神经***产生疲劳的程度无显著性差异。
Omega Wave***监测的运动员能量能量代谢***评价包含有氧机能和无氧机能两个方面。在本次实验中,两组受试者训练后有氧能力指数较训练前均有小幅度下降,但两组之间无显著性差异。使用组训练后无氧能力指数与对照组训练后相比有非常显著性差异,使用组的无氧能力指数低于对照组,造成这种变化的原因可能是使用组运动员的运动时间较长而导致运动员无氧能力指数下降明显。
反应时在一定程度上能灵敏地反映人的工作能力、潜力、应变能力以及注意特征等,在体育运动领域,反应时是教练员、运动员及体育科研工作者共同关注的重要问题,它结合其他指标可反映出运动员的精神状态,神经疲劳程度等。在本次实验中,两组运动员训练前反应时无显著性差异,使用组训练后反应时明显低于对照组,且有非常显著性差异,说明训练前补充营养训练后注意力集中,反应迅速。
冬季训练期间补充运动员冬季训练营养储备配方----抗寒促力复合营养素对我国优秀双板滑雪运动员机能状态产生的积极的影响:运动员冬季训练后机能状态均显著高于冬季训练前(P<0.05),提示冬季运动补充营养储备配方----“抗寒促力复合营养素”对于滑雪运动训练参与者最大有氧能力的提高有明显作用,稳定地获得了冬季训练效果,达到了冬季体能训练的目的。
本发明并不局限于前述的具体实施方式。在本发明的基本思路的基础上所做出的大同小异的改变和改进都应在本专利的保护范围之中。
Claims (5)
2.如权利要求1所述的抗寒促力复合营养素,其特征是:所述的低聚糖为麦芽低聚糖,其中,麦芽低聚糖采用以淀粉为原料经酶法生产的含3-8个葡萄糖分子。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的抗寒促力复合营养素的制备方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:按配方量,取各原料,混合均匀,即可。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的抗寒促力复合营养素的制备方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:按配方量,取各原料,在避光、干燥、无菌条件下混合搅拌均匀,即可。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的抗寒促力复合营养素的制备方法,其特征是按常规方法制成片剂或冲剂。
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CN102058103A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-05-18 | 吴昊 | 一种抗缺氧复合营养素 |
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CN102058103A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-05-18 | 吴昊 | 一种抗缺氧复合营养素 |
CN106617086A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 贝克尔(天津)药业有限公司 | 一种增强运动能力和运动耐力的营养食品 |
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