CN108373261B - Artificial color changing gem and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial color changing gem and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108373261B CN108373261B CN201810040828.8A CN201810040828A CN108373261B CN 108373261 B CN108373261 B CN 108373261B CN 201810040828 A CN201810040828 A CN 201810040828A CN 108373261 B CN108373261 B CN 108373261B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/04—Opacifiers, e.g. fluorides or phosphates; Pigments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/02—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/004—Refining agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/068—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing rare earths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/04—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass
- C03C4/06—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass for phototropic or photochromic glass
- C03C4/065—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass for phototropic or photochromic glass for silver-halide free photochromic glass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to synthetic cut stone technical fields, and in particular to artificial color changing gem and preparation method thereof.Artificial color changing gem includes SiO2、K2O、Nd2O3、CaCO3、Pr6O11、Na2O、ZnO、As2O3, fluxing agent, clarifying agent.Preparation method includes the following steps: that (1) mixes each raw material in proportion, stirs evenly, and obtains mixture A;(2) mixture A is heated to 1350-1500 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B;(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200-1250 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;(4) stone C is annealed.Artificial color changing gem of the invention can generate broader color and tone, have the distincter green color changeable effect of purple under different light, and preparation method can significantly improve mass output rate and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to synthetic cut stone technical fields, and in particular to artificial color changing gem and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Alexandria alexandrite (ALEXANDRITE) is also known as the green alexandrite of gold, is one of five big rare jewels, belongs to chrysoberyl
Change colour kind.Under daylight or daylight type light, its color typically exhibits grayish green, yellowish green to blue-green;But in incandescence
Under source, it usually looks like brown red or aubergine.It is commonly called as " emerald in the daytime, the ruby at night ".Influence alexandrite price
Factor be mainly alexandrite color changeable effect, size, transparency and flaw how much.It is, in general, that color changeable effect is more obvious, it is such as white
It is in emerald green, is at night cerise, then price is higher.But the jewel under normal circumstances, having color changeable effect obvious in this way is few,
Usually daytime be in dirty-green, at night be in bronzing, i.e. daytime as Brazilian emerald, at night as garnet.
The yield of alexandrite is extremely rare at present, and most important source is Brazil and Sri Lanka, and others have Burma, smooth
Sani Asia and Zimbabwe, cause its price excessively expensive, therefore jewel fan one after another analyzes Alexandria alexandrite, mould
It is imitative, it is intended to develop a kind of identical artificial stone of Alexandria alexandrite performance.
Patent 85108154A discloses a kind of synthetic cut stone, and rare earth element nd 3+ is added in niobates, uses czochralski method
Monocrystal is grown into, the jewel is at rose under incandescent lamp, and at pale red under sunlight, lower in daylight etc. is in pale purple
Color, the jewel cannot show grandmother's green, and lift law technology and only have 1/4 raw material that can be drawn as the available crystalline substance of color
Body, and the device is complicated for czochralski method, technical requirements are high, low for output/output-input ratio for producing such civilian jewel, are unfavorable for batch
Amount production.
Patent 201110154049.9 discloses a kind of color-changing crystal, and silver halide, the halogenation of 2-4% are added in crystal
Titanium, caddy, copper chloride or rare earth compound, for the crystal to discoloration, needing could be real under fluorescent lamp ultraviolet light living
It is existing, be not suitable for wearing.
Patent 200810122029.1 discloses a kind of preparation method of beryllium aluminate crystal substrate color changing gem,
In BeAl2O4 monocrystalline, mixed with tri- kinds of dopants of Cr2O3, Fe2O3, Ti2O3 or NiO, using vertical static temperature gradients method
Color changing gem is prepared, which can only realize the red variation with green, and color is not fine.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial discoloration is precious
Stone can show amber, aubergine, the green three kinds of colors of grandmother, artificial color changing gem face of the invention under different light
Color is vivid, and discoloration is achieved that under daylight and incandescent light, is suitble to wear, and using SiO2 as substrate, and material is easy to obtain, and
Cost is relatively low, is able to satisfy public demand;Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem,
This method is conducive to the large-scale production of high-quality jewel and preparation process is environmentally friendly, does not generate poisonous and harmful substance.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution: artificial color changing gem, the raw material including following parts by weight:
Artificial color changing gem of the invention passes through in SiO2Middle addition K2O,Nd2O3,CaCO3,Pr6O11,Na2O,ZnO,
As2O3,B2O3, so that jewel can produce more wide color and tone, have has distincter purple green under different light
Color changeable effect.
Further, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Further, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Preferably, the fluxing agent is B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3At least one of.
B2O3It can help to reduce viscosity of glass metal, accelerate clarifying process, B2O3The formation reaction of silicate is converted to lower
Temperature region, while formation, surface tension and the viscosity etc. for reducing eutectic finally makes speed of melting promote 15%-
16%, production efficiency greatly improves;K2CO3The tendency towards devitrification that glass can be reduced increases transparency and gloss of glass etc.;
Na2CO3Thermal stability, chemical stability and mechanical strength can be reduced;Make the easy melting of glass.
More preferably, B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3Ratio be 1:1-3:1-5.
Preferably, the clarifying agent is Sb2O3And CaF2One or two.
Sb2O3It can release O after pyrolytic2, CaF2It can release F after pyrolytic2, reaction process is released
Minute bubbles become emersion metal level after air pocket so that glass clarifying.
More preferably, Sb2O3And CaF2Ratio be 1:1-3.
A kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem, includes the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1350-1500 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, is melted
Body B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200-1250 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
Further, in the step (2), mixture A is put into electric melting furnace or pot furnace and is heated.
Preferably, in the step (2), mixture A is put into pot furnace and is heated.
Pot furnace structure is simple, low cost, builds fastly, fast and easy puts into production, and melting system is easy to control adjusting, right
Technique it is adaptable, can reload at any time;Raw material and cullet are sent among crucible simultaneously, and this charging process can increase
The heating surface area of raw material, strengthened glass melting process sink to the unreacted grains of sand will not in glass metal, and it is solid to eliminate glass
Phenomenon obtains the finished product of better quality.
Further, it is heated to 1450 DEG C in the step (2), is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, is obtained
To molten mass B, be cooled in the step (3) 1250 DEG C kept for 4 hours after pour into mold, obtain stone C.
After crucible are added in raw material by the present invention, 1450 DEG C are constantly warming up to, raw material is put into crucible and is fused into melt,
After period melt-blended material will spend 20 hours, 1250 DEG C are cooled to, can effectively exclude bubble and striped in glass melts,
So that the jewel of preparation is more glittering and translucent.
Further, annealing includes such as the next stage in the step (4):
(a) stone C is warming up to 500-530 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 480-510 DEG C, keep the temperature 20-24 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 5-15 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 20-40 DEG C/min.
Heating period can effectively eliminate jewel thermal stress;After the upper limit for determining annealing temperature during heating, by temperature
It is reduced to holding temperature, 20-24 hours is kept the temperature, so that heat uniformly transfers in jewel, stress can be effectively eliminated;The slow cooling stage
Stress can be caused to subside inconsistent and cause jewel crack or material uneven, to influence treasured to avoid too fast due to cooling down
The quality of stone;The rapid cooling stage is carried out after being cooled to jewel strain point or less, the rapid cooling stage can accelerate cooling velocity to shorten
Entire annealing process reduces fuel consumption, improves productivity.
Further, the heating period in the step (a) is warming up to 500-530 with the heating rate of 20-30 DEG C/min
℃。
During heating, gemstone surface can generate compression and jewel is caused to deform, therefore keep rate of heat addition phase
To fast, so that heat quickly transmits, deformation extent is reduced, the heating rate of 20-30 DEG C/min is kept to can effectively avoid heating rank
Jewel caused by section deforms.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: artificial color changing gem of the invention can produce more wide color and tone,
With the distincter green color changeable effect of purple under different light;The preparation method can significantly improve mass output rate, be conducive to high-quality
The large-scale production of jewel, in addition preparation method environmental protection, preparation process will not adversely affect ambient enviroment, will not more produce
Raw poisonous and harmful substance, while meeting the export standard of external cameo glass.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, real
The content that the mode of applying refers to not is limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1,
Artificial color changing gem, the raw material including following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is B2O3, the clarifying agent is Sb2O3。
A kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem, characterized by the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1350 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
Further, mixture A is put into electric melting furnace in the step (2) and is heated.
Further, annealing includes such as the next stage in the step (4):
(a) stone C is warming up to 500 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 480 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 5 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 20 DEG C/min.
In the present embodiment, the strain point of cameo glass is 430-480 DEG C.
Further, the heating period in the step (a) is warming up to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min.
Preparation method of the invention can significantly improve mass output rate, simple using equipment, overcome due to machine driving and vibration
The adverse effects such as the dynamic abrasion generated to jewel and bubble deformation, are conducive to the large-scale production of high-quality jewel.The preparation method
It is very environmentally friendly, poisonous and harmful substance is not generated, ambient enviroment will not be adversely affected, while meeting external jewel glass
The export standard of glass.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is K2CO3, the clarifying agent is Sb2O3。
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is by B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3It is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1:1, the clarifying agent is Sb2O3。
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3It is mixed according to weight ratio 1:3:5, the clarifying agent is CaF2。
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the artificial color changing gem includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3It is mixed according to weight ratio 1:1:5, the clarifying agent is CaF2。
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 the difference from embodiment 1 is that:
A kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem, includes the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1450 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
Embodiment 7
Embodiment 7 the difference from embodiment 1 is that:
A kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem, includes the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1500 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
Embodiment 8
Embodiment 8 the difference from embodiment 1 is that:
A kind of preparation method of artificial color changing gem, includes the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1500 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1250 DEG C, pours into mold after being kept for 4 hours, obtains stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
Embodiment 9
Embodiment 9 the difference from embodiment 1 is that:
Mixture A is put into pot furnace in the step (2) and is heated.
Embodiment 10
Embodiment 10 the difference from embodiment 1 is that: annealing includes such as the next stage in the step (4):
(a) stone C is warming up to 520 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 490 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 10 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 20 DEG C/min.
Further, the heating period in the step (a) is warming up to 520 DEG C with the heating rate of 25 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 11
Embodiment 11 the difference from embodiment 1 is that: annealing includes such as the next stage in the step (4):
(a) stone C is warming up to 530 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 490 DEG C, keep the temperature 24 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 10 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 20 DEG C/min.
Further, the heating period in the step (a) is warming up to 520 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 12
Embodiment 12 the difference from embodiment 1 is that: annealing includes such as the next stage in the step (4):
(a) stone C is warming up to 530 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 510 DEG C, keep the temperature 20 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 15 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 40 DEG C/min.
Further, the heating period in the step (a) is warming up to 530 DEG C with the heating rate of 30 DEG C/min.
Artificial color changing gem of the invention is under tungsten wire light irradiation, refractive index 1.63, under different light, presents different
Color, there is the distinct green color changeable effect of purple.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can be realized with other way,
Do not depart under the premise of present inventive concept it is any obviously replace it is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. artificial color changing gem, it is characterised in that: the raw material including following parts by weight:
The fluxing agent is B2O3、K2CO3And Na2CO3At least one of;The clarifying agent is Sb2O3And CaF2One of or
Two kinds.
2. artificial color changing gem described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material including following parts by weight:
3. artificial color changing gem as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the raw material including following parts by weight:
4. the preparation method of artificial color changing gem as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, characterized by the following steps:
(1) each raw material is mixed in proportion, is stirred evenly, obtain mixture A;
(2) mixture A is heated to 1350-1500 DEG C, keeps the temperature 19.5-20.5 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains
Molten mass B;
(3) molten mass B is cooled to 1200-1250 DEG C, heat preservation poured into mold after 3.5-4.5 hours, obtained stone C;
(4) stone C is annealed, obtains artificial color changing gem.
5. the preparation method of artificial color changing gem as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the step (2), by mixture
A is put into electric melting furnace or pot furnace and is heated.
6. the preparation method of artificial color changing gem as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the step (2), by mixture
A is heated to 1450 DEG C, is kept for 20 hours, so that mixture A is completely melt, obtains molten mass B, in the step (3), will melt
Body B pours into mold after being cooled to 1250 DEG C of holdings 4 hours, obtains stone C.
7. the preparation method of artificial color changing gem as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: annealing in the step (4) includes
Such as the next stage:
(a) stone C is warming up to 500-530 DEG C by the heating period;
(b) holding stage, the temperature of holding stage are 480-510 DEG C, keep the temperature 20-24 hours;
(c) slow cooling stage, slow cooling stage are cooled to the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 5-15 DEG C/min;
(d) rapid cooling stage, rapid cooling stage are cooled to room temperature from the strain point of glass with the cooling rate of 20-40 DEG C/min.
8. the preparation method of artificial color changing gem as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the heating rank in the step (a)
Section is warming up to 500-530 DEG C with the heating rate of 20-30 DEG C/min.
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CN109516677A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-26 | 成都鑫扬锦睿合成材料有限公司 | A kind of synthetic cut stone cylinder moulding process |
CN109576790A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-05 | 成都鑫扬锦睿合成材料有限公司 | A kind of synthetic cut stone circular cone moulding process |
CN113816605B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-09-13 | 北京科技大学 | Imitated color sapphire glass and preparation method and application thereof |
CN113816603B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-04-07 | 北京科技大学 | Jewel-imitated color-changing glass with excellent performance and preparation method and application thereof |
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JPS49116111A (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-11-06 | ||
CN85102401A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1987-01-10 | 天津市硅酸盐研究所 | Model cameo glass with movable light effect |
RU2093617C1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1997-10-20 | Олег Валерьевич Бакунов | Single crystal jewelry material |
CN104003616A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 杭州诺贝尔集团有限公司 | Method for preparing photochromic glass |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7538054B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2009-05-26 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Grey glass composition including erbium, neodymium and/or praseodymium |
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2018
- 2018-01-16 CN CN201810040828.8A patent/CN108373261B/en active Active
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JPS49116111A (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-11-06 | ||
CN85102401A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1987-01-10 | 天津市硅酸盐研究所 | Model cameo glass with movable light effect |
RU2093617C1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1997-10-20 | Олег Валерьевич Бакунов | Single crystal jewelry material |
CN104003616A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 杭州诺贝尔集团有限公司 | Method for preparing photochromic glass |
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