CN108372776A - 用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元 - Google Patents

用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108372776A
CN108372776A CN201810096950.7A CN201810096950A CN108372776A CN 108372776 A CN108372776 A CN 108372776A CN 201810096950 A CN201810096950 A CN 201810096950A CN 108372776 A CN108372776 A CN 108372776A
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China
Prior art keywords
driving unit
motor
front driving
gear
engine
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CN201810096950.7A
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English (en)
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A.B.达梅拉
H.戈里桑卡尔
S.S.普拉德汉
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Bosch Ltd
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Bosch Ltd
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Publication of CN108372776A publication Critical patent/CN108372776A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种前部驱动单元（100），包括发动机（102）和具有转子轴（112）的电机（114）。该前部驱动单元（100）的特征在于周转齿轮组件（110）和驱动齿轮（1110）。周转齿轮组件（110）将电机（114）联接至差速器（108），并且包括太阳齿轮（1102）、环齿轮（未示出）、至少两个行星齿轮（1104）以及载件（1106）。太阳齿轮（1102）联接至转子轴（112）。至少两个行星齿轮（1104）安装在载件（1106）的至少两个臂上并且在太阳齿轮（1102）和环齿轮之间啮合。载件（1106）包括与所述转子轴（112）相对延伸的输出轴（1108）。驱动齿轮（1110）安装在载件（1106）的输出轴（1108）上并且将该输出轴联接至差速器（108）。

Description

用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元
技术领域
本发明涉及用于混动车辆的驱动单元，并且特别地涉及用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元。
背景技术
在将马达集成到传统内燃机驱动的车辆的任何类型的变速器（例如，手动、半自动、自动、双离合变速器等）方面存在许多机构。将马达集成到变速器中被称为并联混动。这种整合背后的原因有很多，从增加燃料经济性到提高舒适度。现有的机构可以是与在不同位置处或者在一些情况下在特定安装位置处安装马达相比提高相对燃料经济性的通用机构，而与从动轮（前部安装或后部安装的发动机）无关。此外，现有机构是通用的并且需要具有较高电压和功率水平的马达。
因此，需要新的混动拓扑结构，其使得低压电机能够以模块化组件的方式集成到发动机。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种前部驱动单元，包括发动机和具有转子轴的电机。该前部驱动单元的特征在于周转齿轮组件和驱动齿轮。周转齿轮组件将电机联接至差速器，并且包括太阳齿轮、环齿轮、至少两个行星齿轮以及载件。太阳齿轮联接至转子轴。至少两个行星齿轮安装在载件的至少两个臂上并且在太阳齿轮和环齿轮之间啮合。载件包括与所述转子轴相对延伸的输出轴。驱动齿轮安装在载件的输出轴上并且将该输出轴联接至差速器。
附图说明
参照下列附图描述本公开内容的实施例。
图1图示了根据本发明的实施例的电混动车辆的前部驱动单元。
具体实施方式
图1图示了根据本发明的实施例的电混动车辆的前部驱动单元。前部驱动单元100包括发动机102和具有转子轴112的电机114。发动机102通过离合器104联接至变速器106。发动机102和电机114联接至差速器108。前部驱动单元100的特征在于周转（epicyclic）齿轮组件110和驱动齿轮1110。电机114通过周转齿轮组件和驱动齿轮联接至差速器。也被称为行星齿轮组件的周转齿轮组件110将电机114联接至差速器108。周转齿轮组件110包括太阳齿轮1102、环齿轮（未示出）、至少两个行星齿轮1104以及载件1106。太阳齿轮1102联接至转子轴112。至少两个行星齿轮1104安装在载件1106的至少两个臂上并且在太阳轮1102和环齿轮之间啮合。载件1106包括与转子轴112相对延伸的输出轴1108。驱动齿轮1110安装在载件1106的输出轴1108上并且将输出轴1108联接至差速器108。差速器108联接至一对前轮116。车辆的一对后轮118也被示出。
根据本发明的实施例，发动机102横向安装在车辆中。替代地，发动机102纵向安装在车辆中。电机114可操作以辅助发动机102、回收废能以及驱动车辆。前部驱动单元/拓扑结构100能够通过关闭发动机102、打开离合器104或将变速器106置于空档并且然后给电机114供电来进行电驱动。当电机114驱动车辆时，离合器104打开。发动机102与变速器106隔离。
根据本发明的另一实施例，发动机102连接至从包括下述内容的组中选择的变速器106：手动变速器、半自动变速器、自动变速器、双离合变速器、连续可变变速器（CVT）以及自动化手动变速器（AMT）等。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100能够实现低电压或者低容量，诸如，低于60V的电机114（马达/发电机）与用于横向安装的发动机102的差速器配合至驱动齿轮/小齿轮1110或者差速器齿冠（crown）。前部驱动单元100能够放大扭矩并且降低速度以用于最大限度地使用牵引和回收。另外，前部驱动单元100提供牵引/发电的动态模式变化，以便抑制加速期间的传动系振荡并且补充变速器106（诸如，AMT）的换挡期间的扭矩损失。前部驱动单元100降低车辆起动期间以及部分干式离合器接合阶段的离合器的磨损。前部驱动单元100还使得低电压电机114能够在用于相对于基础车辆配置改善燃料经济性的多个模式（例如，仅电驱动、发动机辅助驱动以及所有可能的再生模式）中辅助车辆。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100被设置成模块化设计，其允许电机114安装至变速器106的驱动小齿轮或者差速器齿冠上，该驱动小齿轮或者差速器齿冠利用横向安装的发动机102的差速器108具有集成的最终驱动齿轮减速。尽管描述了前部驱动单元，但是在发动机安装在车辆的后部的情况下后部驱动单元也是可能的。前部驱动单元100的模块化设计使得低压电机114能够在牵引模式和发电机模式二者下操作。牵引模式意指用于供应足够的扭矩以便在电驱动模式下推动车辆，并且还在推进期间辅助发动机102。再生模式意指用于捕获所有可能的能量，否则该能量在制动期间损失（以热/摩擦的形式）。电机114在动态交替模式下在“牵引/回收”之间受控以便抑制加速期间发动机速度晃动（rattle）的振荡。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100克服了在换挡期间的扭矩下降或者扭矩孔（torque hole）。前部驱动单元100在瞬时最大功率模式下操作达短的爆发时间段（该时间段基于特定操作点的换挡时间计算）以便防止在AMT的换挡期间驾驶者感受到的任何扭矩下降，并且防止由于在具有电子离合器控制的手动变速器中的离合器滑动而引起的任何不舒适。
通常在发动机怠速阶段，点火角度延迟几度（扭矩储备），以便在起动的情况下当需要突然增加扭矩时，点火角度提前并且扭矩的大幅增加瞬间出现。同样在发动机102超限运行期间，在燃料从发动机102切断之前，点火角度首先被延迟，该点火角度延迟造成来自发动机102的、驾驶员感觉为“发动机制动”的转矩的突然下降。在本发明中，电机114能够根据需要提供瞬时正转矩和负转矩。因此，除非特别需要（例如，加热催化剂），否则点火角度处于最佳点火角度。 此外，所有车辆驾驶行为（例如，起动和紧急制动）由电机114处理。由此，燃烧被更加优化。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100能够被配置成包括双离合变速器（湿式/干式离合器）、自动变速器（TQ转换器）、连续可变变速器（推式/拉式）的现有变速器106，其旨在用于燃料经济性和驾驶舒适性。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100的模块化设计允许在“负载点转换模式”下操作低压电机114，这允许发动机102在制动比燃料消耗（BSFC）方面转换到最佳操作点。发动机102的操作点由于负载点转换而转换到更好的BSFC点。
前部驱动单元100的电机114由诸如电子控制单元（ECU）的控制器操作。ECU是车辆的专用控制器或现有的ECU，例如，发动机控制单元。ECU被配置为控制电机114并且包括输入/输出（I/ O）接口、用于存储指令的存储器、通信总线、处理器等。ECU通过I/O接口与车辆的各种传感器对接。传感器包括车辆速度传感器、发动机速度传感器、温度传感器、歧管绝对压力（MAP）传感器、换档位置传感器等。ECU还检测或测量电池电压、电机114的电参数和机械参数、换档意图等。ECU被配置为接收以上输入并且以合适的模式控制电机114。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100能够实现自主停车。发动机100关闭，离合器104打开或者变速器105设定在空档。控制具有现有的动力转向马达或附加的电机114的方向盘，随后给电机114提供动力。ECU控制电机114自主停放车辆，同时使用来自超声波传感器的反馈来测量环境/周围物体的接近度。
根据本发明的又一实施例，前部驱动单元100还允许电机114起动发动机102。差速器108联接到前轴，两个前轮116安装到该前车轴。在每个车轮116和差速器108之间设置有车轴离合器。车轴离合器默认是接合/闭合的。当需要启动发动机时，车轴离合器打开。电机114由通过变速器和离合器104起动发动机102的ECU激活。
本发明使得低压（小于60V）马达/发电机集成到具有集成的最终驱动器和差速器的横向安装的发动机的驱动小齿轮或差速器齿冠中。前部驱动单元100减少自动化手动变速器中的变速冲击以及具有电子离合器***的手动变速器中的离合器颤动。
应该理解的是，以上描述中解释的实施例仅是说明性的并且不限制本发明的范围。可想到在该描述中解释的实施例中的许多这样的实施例和其他改进例和修改例。本发明的范围仅由权利要求的范围限定。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元（100），包括发动机（102）和具有转子轴（112）的电机（114），所述发动机（102）和所述电机（114）连接至差速器（108），其特征在于，所述前部驱动单元（100）包括：
周转齿轮组件（110），所述周转齿轮组件将所述电机（114）联接至所述差速器（108），所述周转齿轮组件（110）包括太阳齿轮（1102）、环齿轮、至少两个行星齿轮（1104）以及载件（1106），所述太阳齿轮（1102）联接至所述转子轴（112），并且所述至少两个行星齿轮（1104）安装在所述载件（1106）的至少两个臂上并在所述太阳齿轮（1102）和所述环齿轮之间啮合，所述载件（1106）包括与所述转子轴（112）相对延伸的输出轴（1108），以及
驱动齿轮（1110），所述驱动齿轮安装在所述载件（1106）的所述输出轴（1108）上并且将所述输出轴（1108）联接至所述差速器（108）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，所述发动机（102）横向安装在所述车辆中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，所述发动机（102）纵向安装在所述车辆中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，所述电机（114）可操作以便辅助所述发动机（102）、回收能量以及驱动所述车辆。
5.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，所述发动机（102）联接至从包括下述内容的组中选择的变速器（106）：手动变速器、半自动变速器、自动变速器、双离合变速器以及自动化手动变速器（AMT）。
6.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），所述前部驱动单元仅联接至前轮。
7.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，车轴离合器设置在所述车轮（116）的每一个和所述差速器（108）之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的前部驱动单元（100），其中，电子控制单元（ECU）控制所述电机（114）的操作。
CN201810096950.7A 2017-02-01 2018-01-31 用于电混动车辆的前部驱动单元 Pending CN108372776A (zh)

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Citations (3)

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US20020065163A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2002-05-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag. Internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle
CN101219638A (zh) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-16 株式会社日立制作所 车辆驱动装置
CN103209849A (zh) * 2010-10-28 2013-07-17 克莱斯勒集团有限责任公司 混合变速器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020065163A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2002-05-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag. Internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle
CN101219638A (zh) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-16 株式会社日立制作所 车辆驱动装置
CN103209849A (zh) * 2010-10-28 2013-07-17 克莱斯勒集团有限责任公司 混合变速器

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