CN108365238A - A kind of liquid-metal fuel cell - Google Patents
A kind of liquid-metal fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN108365238A CN108365238A CN201810084778.3A CN201810084778A CN108365238A CN 108365238 A CN108365238 A CN 108365238A CN 201810084778 A CN201810084778 A CN 201810084778A CN 108365238 A CN108365238 A CN 108365238A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including being assembled successively by cathode flow field plate, gaseous cathode, dielectric film and anode flow field board, it is marked with oxidant in cavity between the cathode flow field plate and gaseous cathode, fuel is marked in the cavity between the anode flow field board and dielectric film；The fuel is liquid metal.The characteristic for flowing that present invention utilizes the battery operating temperatures higher than fuel fusing point, and metal melting to be made to flow, the water suction of product metal hydroxides is also in a liquid state after deliquescing；In addition, in the discharge mode of reaction product, the difference of liquid and gas capillary force in the hole of hydrophobic gaseous cathode is utilized, realizes the staggeredly separation of air-liquid spatially, had not only increased the effective affecting acreage of gas-liquid contact, but also mutual not blocking channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell.
Background technology
Demand with mankind's activity to the energy increasingly increases, since the 21th century, energy crisis and environmental problem oneself through at
For two large focal spots of global concern.The consumption of the energy is mainly in field of traffic and power field.Therefore, it is realization electric vehicle
Large-scale promotion application, need power battery field carry out innovative research, exploitation high power density, high-energy density,
The novel power battery of high security, low cost, and have when ensureing it as power train in vehicle application operational well.
There is hydrogen fuel cell based on hydrogen structure tightly to beat, is flexible for installation, load responding is fast, non-environmental-pollution etc. is all
More advantages.Its theory of constitution is similar with general battery, and monomer battery is as shown in Figure 1, be by cathode flow field plate 10, air cathode
3, the compositions such as electrolyte membrane layer 9, anode 4, anode flow field board 11.Unlike, the active material of general battery is stored in battery
Therefore inside limits battery capacity and brings some potential safety problems.And hydrogen fuel cell is an electric discharge device,
Active material is stored in outside batteries storage tank.When battery works, cathode flow field plate and anode are passed through by external feeding system respectively
Flow-field plate is by oxidant（Oxygen or air）, fuel（Hydrogen）It is continuously fed into the air cathode and fuel anode of battery.Principle
As long as upper fuel, oxidant continually enter, reaction product constantly excludes, and fuel cell can continuously generate electricity.
However, the shortcomings that hydrogen fuel cell is also obviously, mainly have：
（1）Problem is produced in the source of hydrogen：The electrolytic hydrogen production and in this, as motor vehicle fuel from water, is technically difficult to functionization,
Because electrolytic hydrogen production energy consumption is big from water and energy conversion efficiency is low；The cracking hydrogen production from coal, oil, natural gas needs to consume
Limited fossil energy and generation CO2, the original intention of this and hydrogen energy source disagrees, and also the development of symbol Future New Energy Source is not reversed.
（2）The storing technology of hydrogen：The hydrogen fuel of FCV is to need onboard to install a volume based on compression hydrogen
Huge gas cylinder, weight ＞ 100Kg, but charging quantity is only 3kg or so every time；And since Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is big, explosion
Danger it is ubiquitous.The weight of gas cylinder makes the high-energy-density characteristic of hydrogen lose practical value.
（3）Hydrogenation stations infrastructure investment is big, it is difficult to universal：Whole world hydrogenation stations only about 100 at present, push away still in demonstration
The wide stage.
In addition, inexhaustible, the nexhaustible saying of so-called tellurian Hydrogen Energy has very big mistaken ideas, hydrogen to be on earth
Micro naturally occurring has no acquisition value, and the lower state protium in seawater can only be reduced into hydrogen by consuming energy,
It can be used as fuel.Therefore, hydrogen is not in a fuel cell ideal material as a kind of energy carrier, and selection is a kind of
Electrowinning is easy, energy conversion efficiency is high, safety, convenient for storing and transporting, the energy carrier conduct that the facility investment that feeds is small
Fuel, practical for fuel cell just have actual meaning.
It is used for that the fuel of hydrogen is replaced mainly to have methanol, ethyl alcohol, methane and some hydrocarbonization in existing fuel cell technology
Object is closed, although alleviating producing, storing and using problem, have CO during use for hydrogen2Discharge；And these raw materials are mostly
From fossil energies such as oil, coals, large-scale application still has some technical bottlenecks.
Metal is a kind of with reducing agent as hydrogen type, in electrochemical reaction with oxidant（Such as oxygen, sulphur, peroxidating
Hydrogen etc.）Pairing, in the form of discharging electronics, converts the chemical energy of itself to electric energy.In recent years, using metal as reducing agent, oxygen
Application for the metal-air battery technology of oxidant causes people's extensive concern, such as lithium-oxygen battery, aluminium-air cell, zinc air
Battery etc., operation principle is similar to general battery, and anode reactant reproducibility is metal, and cathode reactant oxidant is air
In oxygen.Its basic structure principle is as shown in Fig. 2, battery is divided into metal anode by the perforated membrane 1 of insulation with aqueous electrolyte 8
2 and 3 two parts of gaseous cathode, be full of aqueous electrolyte 8 in battery, wherein gaseous cathode 3 be followed successively by from the inside to the outside Catalytic Layer 5,
Current collection layer 6 and hydrophobic breathable layer 7.The metal of anode 2 occurs oxidation reaction release and is electronically generated metal cation, the electronics of release
Gaseous cathode is transferred to after external circuit does work, and metal cation enters the storage of aqueous electrolyte 8；Oxygen in air penetrates
Hydrophobic layer and current collection layer, effect in Catalytic Layer through catalyst and under the participation of water are combined generation with electronics in the electrolytic solution
OH-Ion completes the reduction reaction of oxygen, OH-Ion enters aqueous electrolyte 8.Its electrode reaction is：
Anode：M→Mn++ne-
Cathode：O2+2H2O+4e-→4OH-
Overall reaction：4M+nO2+2nH2O→4M(OH)n (M indicates that metallic atom, n indicate metal ion valence mumber.)
Metal-air battery need to only maintain the i.e. sustainable power generation of the supply of metal and air, and react as a kind of power generator
Product is metal hydroxides, can realize regenerated metal by smelting technique so that metallics is Ke Xunhuanliyong.Utilize gold
Belonging to the energy release that air cell completes metallics, regenerated metal technology completes storing process of the energy in metallics,
Metallics is recycled as energy carrier.Energy stores process and energy release process are complete in two independent systems
At, significantly reduce it is each during technical difficulty, and by two processes it is independent after so that system in time and
It is spatially more flexible.In conclusion metal-air battery has as some advantages of fuel cell.
However, obscure the indignant thought of metal-air battery and metal fuel battery in existing literature, in fact, metal-air electricity
Pond can only be known as semi-fuel cell, because one side metal is the solid for being difficult to flow at normal temperatures, it is difficult to realize continuous add
Material, continuous performance are poor；On the other hand largely storage stays in the electrolyte of inside battery the alkaline product after discharging, and makes electricity
Pond heap volume is big, energy density is low, security risk is big, electrode easily corrodes.
Invention content
Based on shortcoming existing for existing hydrogen fuel cell and metal-air battery technology, the present invention provides a kind of liquid
Metal fuel battery, to solve the problems, such as that the ideal substitute of fuel hydrogen and metal-air battery exist in hydrogen fuel cell
Solid charging is difficult, problem is stayed in product and electrolyte storage in battery.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including successively by cathode flow field plate, gaseous cathode, dielectric film and anode flow field board group
It fills, oxidant, the anode flow field board and electrolyte is marked in the cavity between the cathode flow field plate and gaseous cathode
It is marked with fuel in cavity between film；The fuel is liquid metal.
Further scheme, the metal include metal simple-substance, metal alloy, metal mixture and metallic compound.
Preferred embodiment, the metal are lithium, sodium or potassium simple substance.
Further scheme, the oxidant are containing aerobic and water mixed gas, including humidifying air, humidification oxygen.
Further scheme, the dielectric film are metal ion conductors glass ceramic electrolyte, metal ion conductors polymerization
The compound composition of one or more in object electrolyte, metal ion conductors gel electrolyte.
Further scheme, the gaseous cathode are formed by hydrophobic breathable layer and Catalytic Layer are compound, the hydrophobic breathable layer,
Catalytic Layer and dielectric film are mutually bonded to form one.
Further scheme, the hydrophobic breathable layer are the porous structure layers being made of nickel, stainless steel or monel metal,
And through obtained by polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution silicic acid anhydride.
Further scheme, the Catalytic Layer are by porous carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, at least one of LaNiO with
Porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering.
Further scheme, the operating temperature of the liquid-metal fuel cell are not less than the fusing point of the fuel.
It selects humidification oxygen or humidifying air as oxidant in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, cell output voltage can be improved
And it is environmental-friendly, especially humidifying air is even more inexhaustible and without the oxidant of storage, keeps battery more environmentally friendly, safe and honest and clean
Valence.
In addition, the gasifying agent of liquid also may be selected in oxidant in the present invention.
The porous structure layer that hydrophobic breathable layer is constituted using nickel, stainless steel or monel metal, and it is molten through polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
It,, can because it is with larger mechanical strength in addition to itself can effectively penetrate gas and exclude electrolyte obtained by liquid silicic acid anhydride
Effectively support Catalytic Layer and electrolyte layer, allow dielectric film to subtract book, reduce the conduction resistance of conductive ion, improve battery
Output power, while further improving the safety of battery.
Catalytic Layer in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is by porous carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, in LaNiO at least one
Kind and porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering, material cost is relatively low, in addition because battery operating temperature is higher, urges
Change efficient, without selecting noble metal (such as platinum, gold) to make catalyst, battery cost can be greatly reduced.
The present invention uses fuel of the liquid metal as battery, to solve the ideal of the fuel hydrogen of hydrogen fuel cell
What product and electrolyte storage were stayed in the solid charging difficulty, battery present in substitute problem and metal-air battery asks
Topic.
It is a kind of body containing energy since metal is as hydrogen, there is higher energy density, but metal is more easy to reduction again
Life is more easy to shipping storage and is encapsulated without pressure pan.So the present invention sets not less than fuel the operating temperature of battery to
Melting temperature makes metal have mobility more than its fusing point, continuous charging may be implemented；It takes simultaneously and adds water in oxidant
Etc. technological means, the basic structure of hydrogen fuel cell and metal-air battery basic principle are effectively integrated, evaded existing
Some technical bottlenecks for having metal-air battery make the structural advantage of hydrogen fuel cell and the electrochemistry advantage of metal-air battery
It is not fully exerted, there is larger promoting technology effect to the development of fuel cell especially new energy electric motor vehicle.
The present invention is the meltbility for making full use of metal fuel, the water suction hygroscopy of its product and diffluent in water
Characteristic, by the way that battery operating temperature is set higher than the metal fuel fusing point and mixes the technology hand of steam in oxidant
Section, it is in the liquid of melt-flow to make the metal fuel, while the solid hydroxide of generation being made to absorb shape after the water in oxidant
At the solution that can be flowed.
At work, the fusing point temperature that its operating temperature is higher than metal fuel is arranged in the metal fuel battery of the present invention first
Degree is made metal be entered in the cavity between anode flow field board and dielectric film by external with melt flow stream liquid, and passes through anode
Flow-field plate is evenly distributed to the side interface of dielectric film；Oxidant（The humidifying air such as mixed by water and air）Injection
In cavity between cathode flow field plate and gaseous cathode, in redistribution to the hole of the hydrophobic breathable layer in gaseous cathode.It utilizes
There are metal good conductive properties to constitute anode collector and its electronegativity generation metal ion and free electron, wherein certainly
External circuit load acting is flowed to through anode flow field board by anode collector by electronics, then passes through cathode flow field plate, hydrophobic
Enter Catalytic Layer after gas-bearing formation；Meanwhile metal ion directly reaches the other side and the Catalytic Layer of dielectric film by dielectric film
Interface.Simultaneously with this process, the free electron and oxidant that the oxygen in oxidant enters under Catalytic Layer catalytic action with anode
Middle water, which combines, generates OH-(overall reaction：O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-), anion OH-With cationic metal ion in Catalytic Layer, electrolysis
It is combined on " three phase boundary " that plasma membrane, oxidant form and generates metal hydroxides, since metal hydroxides has water suction
Deliquescent behaviours quickly absorb the water in oxidant once generating and form drop.With the continuation of reaction, drop gradually increases
Greatly, increase, ooze out and enter by cathode flow field plate from the macropore of hydrophobic breathable layer in gaseous cathode under the action of extruding force
In cavity between gaseous cathode, the residual air of the humidifying air after being reacted in the cavity is purged to outside batteries.Wherein,
Because the hydrophobic breathable layer in gaseous cathode has hydrophobicity, due to the effect of capillary force, metal hydroxide in its hole
Thing liquid drips duct outflow that can only be smaller by resistance and larger aperture；And aperture is because the resistance to gas is small, therefore by oxidant
It occupies, has thus automatically formed air-liquid binary channels, air-liquid circulation is made mutually not block and increase effective affecting acreage.This is
The key innovations of the technical program, and existing hydrogen fuel cell structure can only be suitble to be liquid or gaseous fluid oxidation
Agent, reducing agent and mixing product, by existing hydrogen fuel cell structural integrity to using metal as reducing agent（Fuel）Metal
Fuel cell, metal and reaction product must be in the liquid of flowing.
Present invention utilizes the battery operating temperatures higher than fuel fusing point to make metal melting flowing, product metal hydroxide
The water suction of object is also in a liquid state the characteristic of flowing after deliquescing；In addition, in the discharge mode of reaction product, liquid and gas is utilized
The difference of capillary force in the hole of hydrophobic gaseous cathode realizes the staggeredly separation of air-liquid spatially, both increased
The effective affecting acreage of gas-liquid contact, and mutual not blocking channel.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of existing hydrogen fuel cell,
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of existing metal fuel battery,
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two,
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three.
In figure：1- perforated membranes, 2- metal anodes, 3- gaseous cathodes, 4- anodes, 5- Catalytic Layers, 6- current collection layers, 7- are hydrophobic
Air-permeable layer, 8- electrolyte, 9- dielectric films, 10- cathode flow field plates, 11- anode flow field boards, 12- liquid metals, 13- oxidations
Agent, 14- lithiums, 15- sodium.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one：
As shown in figure 3, a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including successively by cathode flow field plate 10, gaseous cathode 3, dielectric film 9
Assemble with anode flow field board 11, oxidant 13, institute are marked in the cavity between the cathode flow field plate 10 and gaseous cathode 3
It states in the cavity between anode flow field board 11 and dielectric film 9 and is marked with fuel；The fuel is liquid metal 12.
Further scheme, the metal include metal simple-substance, metal alloy, metal mixture and metallic compound.
Preferred embodiment, the metal are lithium, sodium or potassium simple substance.
Further scheme, the oxidant 13 are containing aerobic and water mixed gas, including humidifying air, humidification oxygen.
Further scheme, the dielectric film 9 are metal ion conductors glass ceramic electrolyte, metal ion conductors polymerization
The compound composition of one or more in object electrolyte, metal ion conductors gel electrolyte.
Further scheme, the gaseous cathode 3 is by hydrophobic breathable layer 7 and Catalytic Layer 5 is compound forms, the hydrophobic, air-permeability
Layer 7, Catalytic Layer 5 and dielectric film 9 are mutually bonded to form one.
Further scheme, the hydrophobic breathable layer 7 are the porous structures being made of nickel, stainless steel or monel metal
Layer, and through obtained by polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution silicic acid anhydride.
Further scheme, the Catalytic Layer 5 are by porous carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, at least one of LaNiO with
Porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering.
Further scheme, the operating temperature of the liquid-metal fuel cell are not less than the fusing point of the fuel.
Embodiment two：
As shown in figure 4, a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including successively by cathode flow field plate 10, by hydrophobic breathable layer 7 and catalysis
Gaseous cathode 3, dielectric film 9 and the anode flow field board 11 of 5 compound composition of layer assemble, by hydrophobic breathable layer 7, Catalytic Layer 5
It is mutually bonded to form one with dielectric film 9；It is marked with containing water in cavity between the cathode flow field plate 10 and gaseous cathode 3
The humidification oxygen of steam and oxygen is marked with melt flow stream state in the cavity between the anode flow field board 11 and dielectric film 9
Lithium 14.
Further scheme, the dielectric film 9 are metal ion conductors glass ceramic electrolyte, metal ion conductors polymerization
The compound composition of one or more in object electrolyte, metal ion conductors gel electrolyte.
Further scheme, the hydrophobic breathable layer 7 are the porous structures being made of nickel, stainless steel or monel metal
Layer, and through obtained by polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution silicic acid anhydride.
Further scheme, the Catalytic Layer 5 are by porous carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, at least one of LaNiO with
Porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering.
The operating ambient temperature of the battery is set higher than 181 DEG C, elemental lithium passes through sun with melt flow stream state by outside
Pole flow-field plate 11 enters and is distributed to the interface of dielectric film 9；The humidification oxygen that steam is formed with oxygen mix is passed through by outside
Cathode flow field plate 10 enters and in the hole of hydrophobic breathable layer 7 that is distributed in gaseous cathode 3.Have using elemental lithium good
Metallic conduction attribute constitutes anode collector, and because lithium has electronegativity, loses an e first-Generate Li+, wherein e-It is logical
The anode collector for crossing lithium composition flows to external circuit load acting through anode flow field board 11, then passes through cathode flow field plate 10, dredges
Water air-permeable layer 7 enters Catalytic Layer 5；Meanwhile Li+The interface of Catalytic Layer 5 is reached directly through dielectric film 9.Simultaneously with this process,
The O being humidified in oxygen2The e transmitted is obtained under the catalytic action of Catalytic Layer 5-, and combined with the water in humidification oxygen and generate OH-
(overall reaction：O2+2H2O+4 e-=4OH-), anion OH-With cationic Li+In Catalytic Layer 5, dielectric film 9, humidification oxygen composition
" three phase boundary " on combine generate LiOH.Since LiOH has water suction deliquescent behaviours, humidification oxygen is quickly absorbed once generating
Water in gas and form drop.With the continuation of reaction, drop gradually increases, increases, from hydrophobic under the action of extruding force
It oozes out and enters by the cavity between cathode flow field plate and gaseous cathode, after being reacted in the cavity in the macropore of gas-bearing formation 7
Humidification oxygen residual air purge to outside batteries.Wherein, because 7 hole of hydrophobic breathable layer have hydrophobicity, in its hole by
In the effect of capillary force, LiOH drops can only, duct outflow that aperture slightly larger smaller by resistance, and aperture is because to gas resistance
Power is small and is humidified oxygen and occupies, and has thus automatically formed air-liquid binary channels, and air-liquid circulation is made mutually not block and increase
Effective affecting acreage.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 5, a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including successively by cathode flow field plate 10, by hydrophobic breathable layer 7 and catalysis
Gaseous cathode 3, dielectric film 9 and the anode flow field board 11 of 5 compound composition of layer assemble, by hydrophobic breathable layer 7, Catalytic Layer 5
It is sequentially mutually bonded to form one with dielectric film 9；It is marked with and contains in cavity between the cathode flow field plate 10 and gaseous cathode 3
There is the humidifying air of water vapour, melt flow stream state is marked in the cavity between the anode flow field board 11 and dielectric film 9
Sodium 15.
Further scheme, the dielectric film 9 are metal ion conductors glass ceramic electrolyte, metal ion conductors polymerization
The compound composition of one or more in object electrolyte, metal ion conductors gel electrolyte.
Further scheme, the hydrophobic breathable layer 7 are the porous structures being made of nickel, stainless steel or monel metal
Layer, and through obtained by polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution silicic acid anhydride.
Further scheme, the Catalytic Layer 5 are by porous carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, at least one of LaNiO with
Porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering.
97.8 DEG C of the fusing point of SODIUM METAL, therefore the operating ambient temperature of the battery is set higher than 97.8 DEG C, SODIUM METAL is with molten
Melt the interface that fluid state is entered by anode flow field board 11 by outside and is distributed to dielectric film 9；Steam mixes shape with air
At the humidifying air hole of hydrophobic breathable layer 7 that is entered by cathode flow field plate 10 by outside and be distributed in gaseous cathode 3
In.Using SODIUM METAL there is good metallic conduction attribute to constitute anode collector, and because sodium has electronegativity, loses first
One e-Generate Na+, wherein e-The anode collector being made up of sodium flows to external circuit load acting through anode flow field board 11,
Then pass through cathode flow field plate 10, hydrophobic breathable layer 7 enters Catalytic Layer 5；Meanwhile Na+It reaches and is catalyzed directly through dielectric film 9
The interface of layer 5.Simultaneously with this process, the O in humidifying air2The e transmitted is obtained under the catalytic action of Catalytic Layer 5-, and with increasing
Water in humid air, which combines, generates OH-(overall reaction：O2+2H2O+4 e-=4OH-), anion OH-With cationic Na+In Catalytic Layer
5, it is combined on " three phase boundary " that dielectric film 9, humidifying air form and generates NaOH.Since NaOH has water suction deliquescent behaviours,
Quickly the water in humidifying air is absorbed once generating and forms drop.With the continuation of reaction, drop gradually increases, increases,
It oozes out and enters by the chamber between cathode flow field plate and gaseous cathode from the macropore of hydrophobic breathable layer 7 under the action of extruding force
In vivo, the humidifying air residual air after being reacted in the cavity is purged to outside batteries.Wherein, because of 7 hole of hydrophobic breathable layer
With hydrophobicity, due to the effect of capillary force in its hole, NaOH drops can only, hole that aperture slightly larger smaller by resistance
Road flows out, and aperture because to air resistance it is small due to be humidified air and occupy, thus automatically formed air-liquid binary channels, make gas,
Liquid stream is logical mutually not to be blocked and increases effective affecting acreage.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
It encloses and is defined, under the premise of not departing from design spirit of the present invention, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made should all be fallen into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell, including successively by cathode flow field plate（10）, gaseous cathode（3）, dielectric film（9）With
Anode flow field board（11）Assemble, it is characterised in that：The cathode flow field plate（10）With gaseous cathode（3）Between cavity in
It is marked with oxidant（13）, the anode flow field board（11）With dielectric film（9）Between cavity in be marked with fuel；The fuel is
Liquid metal（12）.
2. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The metal includes metal list
Matter, metal alloy, metal mixture and metallic compound.
3. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The metal is lithium, sodium or potassium
Simple substance.
4. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The oxidant（13）To contain
The mixed gas of oxygen and water, including humidifying air, humidification oxygen.
5. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dielectric film（9）For gold
Belong in ion conductor glass ceramic electrolyte, metal ion conductors polymer dielectric, metal ion conductors gel electrolyte
One or more kinds of compound compositions.
6. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gaseous cathode（3）Be by
Hydrophobic breathable layer（7）And Catalytic Layer（5）Compound composition, the hydrophobic breathable layer（7）, Catalytic Layer（5）And dielectric film（9）Mutually
Bonding forms one.
7. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The hydrophobic breathable layer（7）It is
The porous structure layer being made of nickel, stainless steel or monel metal, and through obtained by polytetrafluoroethylsolution solution silicic acid anhydride.
8. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The Catalytic Layer（5）It is by more
Hole carbon, porous nickel, MnO2、Co304, at least one of LaNiO and porous structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed sintering.
9. a kind of liquid-metal fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The liquid-metal fuel cell
Operating temperature be not less than the fuel melting temperature.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810084778.3A CN108365238B (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
| PCT/CN2018/123690 WO2019144751A1 (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-12-26 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810084778.3A CN108365238B (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
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| CN108365238A true CN108365238A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108365238B CN108365238B (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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| CN201810084778.3A Active CN108365238B (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2018-01-29 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
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| WO (1) | WO2019144751A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110061273A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-26 | 江南山 | Membrane electrode, sodium fuel cell and the metallic sodium regeneration unit of a kind of bent inorganic solid electrolyte film and its composition |
| WO2019144751A1 (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-01 | 江南山 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
| KR20220092002A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-01 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | All Solid State Metal Air Battery |
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| CN103972526A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 清华大学 | Generating and energy storage integrated device based on direct carbon fuel cells (DCFCs) with liquid metal positive electrode |
| CN105609899A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-05-25 | 云南科威液态金属谷研发有限公司 | Flexible liquid metal air battery and battery pack |
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| JP6081863B2 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2017-02-15 | 日本碍子株式会社 | How to use a metal-air secondary battery |
| WO2017159420A1 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社デンソー | Lithium air battery system |
| CN108365238B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-12-24 | 江南山 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
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- 2018-12-26 WO PCT/CN2018/123690 patent/WO2019144751A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN102934279A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-02-13 | 雷蒙特亚特特拉维夫大学有限公司 | Rechargeable alkali metal-air battery |
| CN103972526A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 清华大学 | Generating and energy storage integrated device based on direct carbon fuel cells (DCFCs) with liquid metal positive electrode |
| CN105609899A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-05-25 | 云南科威液态金属谷研发有限公司 | Flexible liquid metal air battery and battery pack |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019144751A1 (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-01 | 江南山 | Liquid metal fuel cell |
| CN110061273A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-26 | 江南山 | Membrane electrode, sodium fuel cell and the metallic sodium regeneration unit of a kind of bent inorganic solid electrolyte film and its composition |
| CN110061273B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-06-07 | 江南山 | Bendable inorganic solid electrolyte membrane and membrane electrode, sodium fuel cell monomer and metallic sodium regeneration unit formed by same |
| KR20220092002A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-01 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | All Solid State Metal Air Battery |
| KR102491114B1 (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-01-19 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | All Solid State Metal Air Battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019144751A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
| CN108365238B (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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