CN108362162A - A kind of heat-exchange apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of heat-exchange apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108362162A CN108362162A CN201810225005.2A CN201810225005A CN108362162A CN 108362162 A CN108362162 A CN 108362162A CN 201810225005 A CN201810225005 A CN 201810225005A CN 108362162 A CN108362162 A CN 108362162A
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- Prior art keywords
- amplitude transformer
- heat
- ultrasonic
- exchange apparatus
- heat exchanger
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heat-exchange apparatus, including：Heat exchanger, ultrasonic a period of time and connector, described ultrasound a period of time includes ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and one end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is provided with the ultrasonic transducer, and the other end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected to by the connector with the heat exchanger.Implement the present invention and the coefficient of heat transfer can be improved, fluid can also be made alternately to be expanded and be compressed by the ultrasonic wave of application, is pulsed and enhanced heat exchange with increasing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat exchange equipment technical fields, and more particularly to a kind of heat-exchange apparatus.
Background technology
Application of the heat-exchange apparatus in the industrial circles such as chemical industry, oil, aerospace and the energy is extremely widespread, and how
Heat exchanger exchange capability of heat and efficiency are improved, the target that oneself makes joint efforts through becoming entire industry with academia.People take one
Series technique measure enhancing heat transfer：Since extension heat transfer area, increasing heat transfer temperature difference are frequently subjected to certain condition limitation, so
It needs further to further investigate in terms of how improving convective heat-transfer coefficient.For heat-exchange apparatus, change the flowing of fluid,
Insert can be added, but will produce flow resistance increase, channel and easily block and the problem in the productions such as fouling；Increase stream
Speed, but must be noted that increasing flow velocity will also be limited by various factors；Add rotational flow device, but this needs some specially
Pupil produces the element and device of rotational flow, costly so that the cost performance of enhanced heat exchange substantially reduces.
Therefore a kind of novel heat-exchange apparatus for taking into account cost and heat exchange efficiency is urgently proposed.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of heat-exchange apparatus, exchanged heat skill with solving existing reinforcing heat-exchange apparatus
Deficiency in art, improving heat exchanging efficiency.
Specifically, the heat-exchange apparatus of the present invention, including：Heat exchanger, the heat-exchange apparatus further include ultrasonic a period of time
And connector, described ultrasound a period of time include ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic amplitude transformer, one end setting of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is
Ultrasonic transducer is stated, the other end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected to by the connector with the heat exchanger.
Further, corresponding between the changeover portion node location x of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the diameter of node location D
Relationship meets the constraint of the first formula, and first formula is：
Wherein, N is the area ratio of the input terminal and output end of amplitude transformer, I2For the length of the changeover portion of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer
Degree, D1For the input terminal diameter of amplitude transformer.
Further, the input terminal diameter of the amplitude transformer is bigger by 20% -30% than the heat exchanger diameter.
Further, the input terminal diameter of the amplitude transformer is bigger than the diameter of the heat exchanger by 20%, and the heat exchanger
A diameter of 47mm, a diameter of 56.4mm of input terminal of the amplitude transformer.
Further, the length I of the changeover portion2It is calculated and is obtained by the second formula, second formula is：
Wherein, H1For half-wave resonant length factor, λ is the wavelength in amplitude transformer, and the wavelength in the amplitude transformer is
129mm, the half-wave resonant length factor are 0.843754.
Further, the form factor ψ of the amplitude transformer is calculated by third formula and is obtained, and the third formula is：
Wherein, v is the maximum particle velocity in the uniform bar of the amplitude transformer, v2maxFor the particle vibration of the amplitude transformer
The form factor ψ of maximum speed, the amplitude transformer is 1.47.
Further, the amplitude transformer amplification factor M is calculated by the 4th formula and is obtained, and the 4th formula is：
Wherein, α2For the output end amplitude of the amplitude transformer, α1For the input terminal amplitude of the amplitude transformer, the amplitude transformer
Form factor ψ be 17.5.
Further, the low-temperature receiver for the bubble jet flow and the heat exchanger that described ultrasonic a period of time generates flows to identical.
Further, the connector is connecting conduit, is provided with through-hole on the ontology of the heat exchanger, the connection is led
Pipe is arranged in the through hole, and is detachably connected with described ultrasonic a period of time；The opening direction of the through-hole meets the ultrasound
The low-temperature receiver of bubble jet flow and the heat exchanger that a period of time generates flows to identical.
Further, the quantity in described ultrasonic a period of time includes multiple, and each described ultrasonic a period of time is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence respectively
Between the cold side inlet and baffle plate of the heat exchanger, between the baffle plate of the heat exchanger and the baffle plate of the heat exchanger
Between cold side outlet.
Further, described ultrasonic a period of time is interspersed successively in the both sides of the heat exchanger body.
The heat-exchange apparatus of the present invention can not only form jet stream by using the cavitation bubble beam that ultrasonic a period of time is formed
Impact is directly impinging the tube wall face of heat exchanger, increases fluid in the turbulent extent of heat transfer interface, the coefficient of heat transfer can be improved, also
Fluid can be made alternately to be expanded and be compressed by the ultrasonic wave of application, be pulsed and enhanced heat exchange with increasing.
Description of the drawings
It is incorporated into specification and the attached drawing of a part for constitution instruction shows the embodiment of the present invention, and with
Principle for explaining the present invention together is described.In the drawings, similar reference numeral is for indicating similar element.Under
Attached drawing in the description of face is some embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Those of ordinary skill in the art are come
It says, it without creative efforts, can be obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of heat-exchange apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of heat-exchange apparatus shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram in ultrasonic a period of time in heat-exchange apparatus shown in Fig. 1；And
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of amplitude transformer in heat-exchange apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Wherein, 1,2,3,4 ultrasonic a period of time, 5, cold side inlet, 6, cold side outlet, 7, hot junction outlet, 8, hot side inlet, 9,10
Channel flange, 11, shell-and-tube heat exchanger, 12, baffle plate, 13, connecting conduit, 14, heat exchanger tube, 15, ultrasonic cavitation gassing current,
16, ultrasonic transducer, 17, ultrasonic amplitude transformer, 18, connecting screw, 19, external screw thread.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.It needs
Illustrate, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application mutually can be combined arbitrarily.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings implements the heat-exchange apparatus being related to.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, heat-exchange apparatus includes：Heat exchanger 11, ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4 and connecting conduit 13.It is super
Acoustic matrix attached bag includes ultrasonic transducer 16 and ultrasonic amplitude transformer 17.One end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer 17 is provided with ultrasonic transducer 16.It is super
The other end of sound amplitude transformer 17 is connected to by connecting conduit 13 with heat exchanger 11.Wherein, heat exchanger 11 may be used small-sized<1-2>
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprising cold side inlet 5, cold side outlet 6, hot junction outlet 7, hot side inlet 8, channel flange 9,10, shell
11 and baffle plate 12.
Preferably, the bubble jet flow of the generation of ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4 and the low-temperature receiver of heat exchanger flow to identical, to enhance impact
Effect.When specific operation, both sides are provided with through-hole on the ontology of heat exchanger 11, and the opening direction of through-hole meets ultrasonic a period of time generation
Bubble jet flow and heat exchanger low-temperature receiver flow to it is identical.Connecting conduit 13 is arranged in through hole, and can with ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4
Dismantling connection.Specifically, connecting conduit 13 has internal thread, ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4 to have external screw thread 19, and the two is connected by screw thread
It connects, can ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4 be preferably installed to heat exchanger 11, after ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4 dismantles, through-hole can rise
Screw rod may be used to the effect of discharge port, when deactivated to close hole.
Preferably, the ontology both sides lead to the hole site of heat exchanger 11 is the centre position that cold end imports and exports 5,6 and baffle plate 12,
Remaining punch position is two 12 centre positions of baffle plate, and hole size is determined according to ultrasonic a period of time base diameter size；Ultrasound
A period of time is interspersed successively in the both sides of 11 ontology of heat exchanger.It can be welded to connect by way of seamless welding in punch position
The length of conduit 13, connecting conduit 13 can be on the basis of satisfaction ultrasonic a period of time not contact heat-exchanging device internal heat exchange tubes.Surpass as a result,
Acoustic matrix 1,2,3,4 can be effectively inserted into low-temperature receiver liquid, it is made to assemble higher ultrasonic energy, and it is empty to generate more ultrasounds
Bubble 15 and higher vibration amplitude.
As shown in figure 3, when specific operation, ultrasonic transducer 16 and ultrasonic amplitude transformer 17 can pass through connecting screw 18 and AB
The dual connection of glue.
The operation principle of above-mentioned heat-exchange apparatus is summarized as follows：Before excitation ultrasound a period of time 1,2,3,4, make heat exchanger 11
Normal operation for a period of time, after its stable operation, encourages ultrasonic a period of time 1,2,3,4, can form part in region of insonation
Temporary negative pressuren zone, in a liquid generate hole either these bubbles filled with steam or air of bubble be in it is unstable
State will produce shock wave when they are closed suddenly, thus generate very strong pressure in its zone of action, thus gathering together
Sound field can be in a liquid little space in discharge rapidly out, form high pressure and the extreme item such as strong shock wave and jet stream
Part constantly washes away the heat exchanger tube 14 of heat exchanger 11, rapids of the increase fluid in heat transfer interface to ultrasonic cavitation gassing current 15 occur
Flow degree reduces heat transfer bound thickness, to increase heat transfer coefficient.At the same time, apply the work of this extraneous energy of ultrasonic wave
With low-temperature receiver fluid being made alternately to be compressed and be expanded, to increase pulsation to augmentation of heat transfer.
It is understood that the quantity in ultrasonic a period of time can be determined according to the number of the baffle plate 12 in heat exchanger 11, this
The quantity in ultrasonic a period of time is 4 in embodiment, is for example, limited understanding should not be done.
Ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the present invention is for designed by ultrasound cavitation effect, using ultrasonic transducer parameter as base
Standard can be inserted directly into low-temperature receiver liquid, it is made to assemble higher ultrasonic energy, generated more ultrasonic cavitation bubbles and shaken with higher
Dynamic amplitude.This complex horn is exponential type, and model according to the original frequency of ultrasonic transducer, initial amplitude and required can shake
Width, which calculates, to be determined.
The material of amplitude transformer can select No. 45 steel, and the resonance energy consumption coefficients comparison of this material is small, and acoustic elasticity is good, and valence
Lattice are cheap, and machinability is good, and performance parameter is：Density p=7.9g/cm3, elastic modulus E=20920kg/mm2, velocity of sound c=
5.16×103M/s, tensile strength sigma=61kg/mm2, take σ=0.4 its fatigue stress F=0.4 × 61=24.4kg/mm2。
The resonant frequency of energy converter is f=20kHz, diameter phi=47mm, input terminal amplitude alpha1=4 μm, amplitude transformer it is defeated
Outlet amplitude is α2=70 μm.The amplitude transformer output end Particle Vibration Velocity is larger, should be by form factor ψ and amplification factor M two
From the aspect of select amplitude transformer type.In the material uniform bar wavelength X in attainable maximum particle velocity v and amplitude transformer
Respectively：
Amplitude transformer particle vibration maximum speed v2maxFor：
Amplitude transformer form factorAmplitude transformer amplification factor
Reference, by tabling look-up, wherein withLadder complex horns of the N=7 with exponential type changeover portion
The above-mentioned design requirement of design table that Ruan's generation merit computer compilation can be met simultaneously, is checked in by computational chart：Half-wave resonant length
Coefficient H1=0.843754, displacement node length factor G1=0.189397, amplitude transformer amplification factor M1=17.53419, luffing
Rod-shape factor ψ=1.53977.
Transition section length
Two cylinder segment length
The total length I=I of amplitude transformer1+I2+I3=29.03+108.84+29.03=166.90mm；
Node location
Under normal circumstances, amplitude transformer input terminal diameter should be bigger by 20% -30% than transducer diameter, can use 20%, then luffing
The input terminal diameter D1 of bar is：
D1=(1+20%) × 47=56.4mm；
Then
Wherein, what N was indicated is the input terminal of amplitude transformer and the area ratio of output end, this value can look into Ruan Shixun and be compiled with computer
The design of system is obtained with table, herein N values 7.It is required that the length grade of amplitude transformer and node location etc. meet installation requirement, output
End section is of the required size, then according toThe arbitrary spot diameter of changeover portion is calculated, table 1 is shown in which at 10 points
Calculated value.
Table 1
By data above, the required ULTRASONIC COMPLEX amplitude transformer of ultrasonic cavitation enhanced heat exchange is drawn, as shown in Fig. 4.
The present embodiment, will be ultrasonic by connecting conduit 13 in jet impulse and on the basis of relying on the action principle of extraneous energy
A period of time is connected to inside heat-exchange apparatus, be in direct contact with low-temperature receiver, and ultrasonic vibration is sent in heat exchanger by effective solution
The problem of portion.And ultrasonic wave can also realize inside heat exchanging device and the cleaning of heating surface bank internal precipitate object, has antiscale
With the effect of scale removal, heat transfer resistance is reduced, improves heat transfer efficiency.Heat-exchange apparatus is small, at low cost, and the coefficient of heat transfer is high, compared with
When not acting on ultrasonic cavitation, the coefficient of heat transfer can be improved and be up to 50% or more.
It will appreciated by the skilled person that realizing all or part of step/units/modules of above-described embodiment
It can be completed by the relevant hardware of program instruction, foregoing routine can be stored in computer read/write memory medium, should
When being executed, it includes the step corresponded in above-described embodiment each unit to execute to program；And storage medium above-mentioned includes：ROM、
The various media that can store program code such as RAM, magnetic disc or optical disc.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heat-exchange apparatus, including：Heat exchanger (11), which is characterized in that the heat-exchange apparatus further includes ultrasonic a period of time
(1) and connector, described ultrasound a period of time includes ultrasonic transducer (16) and ultrasonic amplitude transformer (17), the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (17)
One end be provided with the ultrasonic transducer (16), the other end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (17) by the connector with it is described
Heat exchanger (11) is connected to.
2. heat-exchange apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the changeover portion node position of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (17)
It sets the correspondence between x and the diameter of node location D and meets the constraint of the first formula, first formula is：
Wherein, N is the area ratio of the input terminal and output end of amplitude transformer, I2For the length of the changeover portion of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer (17)
Degree, D1For the input terminal diameter of amplitude transformer.
3. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the input terminal diameter of the amplitude transformer is than the heat exchange
Device diameter big 20% -30%.
4. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the input terminal diameter of the amplitude transformer is than the heat exchange
The diameter of device is big by 20%, and a diameter of 47mm of the heat exchanger, a diameter of 56.4mm of input terminal of the amplitude transformer.
5. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the length I of the changeover portion2Pass through the second formula meter
It calculates and obtains, second formula is：
Wherein, H1For half-wave resonant length factor, λ is the wavelength in amplitude transformer, and the wavelength in the amplitude transformer is 129mm, described
Half-wave resonant length factor is 0.843754.
6. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the form factor ψ of the amplitude transformer passes through third public affairs
Formula, which calculates, to be obtained, and the third formula is：
Wherein, v is the maximum particle velocity in the uniform bar of the amplitude transformer, v2maxIt is maximum for the particle vibration of the amplitude transformer
The form factor ψ of speed, the amplitude transformer is 1.47.
7. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the amplitude transformer amplification factor M passes through the 4th formula
It calculates and obtains, the 4th formula is：
Wherein, α2For the output end amplitude of the amplitude transformer, α1For the input terminal amplitude of the amplitude transformer, the shape of the amplitude transformer
Shape factor ψ is 17.5.
8. the heat-exchange apparatus as described in any one of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the bubble that described ultrasound a period of time generates
The low-temperature receiver of jet stream and the heat exchanger flows to identical.
9. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the connector is connecting conduit (13), described to change
Through-hole is provided on the ontology of hot device, the connecting conduit (13) is arranged in the through hole, and removable with described ultrasonic a period of time
Unload connection；The opening direction of the through-hole meets the low-temperature receiver flow direction of bubble jet flow and the heat exchanger that described ultrasonic a period of time generates
It is identical.
10. heat-exchange apparatus as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the quantity in described ultrasound a period of time includes multiple, each institute
State ultrasonic a period of time be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence respectively between the cold side inlet and baffle plate of the heat exchanger (11), the heat exchanger
(11) between baffle plate and between the baffle plate and cold side outlet of the heat exchanger (11)；
Wherein, described ultrasonic a period of time is interspersed successively in the both sides of the heat exchanger (11) ontology.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810225005.2A CN108362162A (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | A kind of heat-exchange apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810225005.2A CN108362162A (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | A kind of heat-exchange apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108362162A true CN108362162A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
Family
ID=63000892
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810225005.2A Pending CN108362162A (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | A kind of heat-exchange apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114857971A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multistage frequency ultrasonic vibration pulsating heat pipe device and operation process thereof |
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| CN114857971A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multistage frequency ultrasonic vibration pulsating heat pipe device and operation process thereof |
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