CN108356128B - High-pressure forming method - Google Patents
High-pressure forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108356128B CN108356128B CN201810188564.0A CN201810188564A CN108356128B CN 108356128 B CN108356128 B CN 108356128B CN 201810188564 A CN201810188564 A CN 201810188564A CN 108356128 B CN108356128 B CN 108356128B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process；Program parameter is handled by PLC, controls each system and component actuation respectively；Electric signal inputs electrohydraulic servo valve, controls the feeding of pressurized cylinder by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid forming medium of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by pressurized cylinder pressurization；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device is motionless, and high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing；Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is that the half-closed loop control of pressure is formed by the PID controller in PLC in electric signal feed back input PLC by pressure conversion；The present invention expands the technique scope of application of equipment, improves the forming quality of product.
Description
The application is a kind of division of application for a patent for invention " middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load "
Application.
The original bill applying date: 2016-12-20.
Original bill application number: 2016111868407.
A kind of original bill denomination of invention: middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load.
Technical field
High-pressure forming method of the present invention belongs to technical field.
Background technique
Hydroforming technology is advanced, special, accurate for producing one kind of complex section thin-wall metal component
The net forming technique of (half precision) is a kind of realization component structural integration and light-weighted advanced equal materials manufacturing technology, tool
There is the features such as at low cost, process is few, light weight, high intensity, is widely used in the fields such as aviation, automobile, household electrical appliances.As aviation is sent out
Motivation multi-pass oil pipe, exhaust pipe, subframe, chassis of automobile etc., more copper pipes in air-conditioning, with inside high-pressure forming method by
Gradually substitution conventional method forming.The typical process flow of this technology are as follows: Bear-grudge material is pre-processed first, then sets pipe
In correct position in lower die, upper mold is closed mode locking；Axial feed cylinder drives the end of formed punch sealing pipe, while formed punch filling liquid hole
The liquid forming medium of middle discharge drains inner air tube；The formed punch at subsequent both ends feeds feed supplement simultaneously, while interior pressure increases；?
Under the synergy of pressure and axial thrust, pipe is adjacent to mold inner-cavity and is configured to the component of required complicated shape；It has shaped
Pressure release is retracted at back punching head, workpiece is taken out in upper mold die sinking.
Load path is often referred to the matching relationship of axial feeding and bulging pressure in forming process.Load path is internally high
Pressing formation product quality has a major impact, and reasonable load path can improve the forming property of material significantly, avoids or reduces
Product buckling, rupture, corrugation etc..Existing internal high-pressure forming machine bulging pressure-loaded mode is mostly linear loading.Day in 2001
This scholar TRikimaru can be used the study found that if making the forming pressure inside tubing by certain pulse mode circulation change
Smaller pressure obtains enough bulging amounts, and make to deform it is more uniform, can delay rupture generation.The new technology is referred to as managed
Material pulse hydraulic forming technique, the country's also referred to as fluctuation load hydroforming technology.The technology one it has been observed that cause immediately
The research interest of lot of domestic and foreign scholar.The Hama religion of foreign countries Japan Feng Qiao technological sciences university Mori professor, Waseda University
It awards, the Yang Lianfa professor of domestic Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ., Zhang Shihong researcher of Shenyang Inst. of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences etc.
Correlative study is carried out.Under the research discovery pulsation loading method of Japanese Mori professor, tubing can generate micro- in forming process
Small wrinkle, and wrinkle has the characteristics that be iteratively produced, is swollen flat, so that pipe deformations area wall thickness change is more evenly, it can be effectively pre-
The generation of anti-product rupture, therefore improve forming tubular product performance.Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ. professor Yang Lianfa adds pulse hydraulic
The plastic forming process for carrying lower stainless steel tube is studied, as the result is shown: when the time is certain, with the increasing of the fluctuating frequency of pressure
Add, the Thickness Distribution of tubing is more uniform, and the fillibility of mold is better.
Research equipment used in the above scholar is nearly all to install pulse hydraulic additional on traditional internal high-pressure forming machine to generate
Device, or the easy pulse hydraulic forming test device of self-control.Currently, the interior height for rarely having bulging pressure fluctuation to load both at home and abroad
Pressing formation machine.Chinese patent CN102182728A discloses a kind of production method of fluctuation pressure, and this method is in closed liquid
In body cavity, pass through the linear pressurization for linear motion of one piston of setting, the reciprocating generation fluctuation pressure of another piston
Mode obtain preset fluctuation pressure.This method is simple and easy, and required equipment cost is lower, but this method is without public in detail
Opening is how to control two pistons to move by scheduled rule, and this method is only applicable to the experimental study of mesolow power, no
Internal high-pressure forming machine suitable for higher bulging pressure, higher the degree of automation.Chinese patent CN102451868A discloses one kind
The hydraulic forming method of wave type internal-pressure-controlled loading mode, this method rely on Wave type Oil-source control internal pressure, shape and meet
It is required that product, processing range include Tube Hydroforming, housing hydraulic forming, sheet metal hydroforming, Oil-source control load side
Formula is sine wave, rectangular wave, triangular wave or composite wave-shape.But the patent only proposes Wave type internal pressure loading method, does not have
It is related to specific pressure fluctuation load internal high pressure forming equipment, also the undisclosed mechanism of production for how implementing fluctuation pressure
With control mode.Chinese patent CN202123142U discloses a kind of extra high pressure system for realizing hydraulic forming of pipes in fluctuated loading, this is
Forming pressure fluctuation load may be implemented in system, and sealing effect is good, forming efficiency is high.The patent is by PID controller control
The oil pressure relief of pilot proportional electromagnetic relief valve processed, and pressure fluctuation, pressure are realized by pressure sensor closed loop feedback control
Power linear loading is realized simultaneously with pulsation load.But this system boost cylinder low pressure oil input end pressure constantly fluctuates, and causes system
Pressure it is unstable；Common pilot proportional electromagnetic relief valve dynamic property is difficult to reach dither requirement, when with duration
Between overflow cause energy utilization efficiency lower.Meanwhile the patent only discloses pulsation load hydraulic system, to whole set equipment
Not yet explicitly illustrate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is can only realize bulging pressure linear loading, Bu Nengshi to solve existing internal high-pressure forming machine
The problem of existing pulse mode load, and then propose a kind of high-pressure forming method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problem is as follows:
The middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of a kind of bulging pressure fluctuation load of the invention, comprising: upper beam, guide post, fast
Fast cylinder, master cylinder, moved cross beam, upper mold, axial feed cylinder and therewith the consistent formed punch of quantity, workbench, rack, lower die, lower cylinder,
Electrical control cabinet, PLC, servo-driver, multiple buttons switch, control panel, touch screen, low pressure hydromechanical system, main unit hydraulic
System, system oil pipe, pressurized cylinder, pulse hydraulic generation device, high-pressure water pipe and pressure transmitter；
The pulse hydraulic generation device includes: servo motor, lead screw, ball, nut, sunk screw, connecting flange, arteries and veins
Dynamic cylinder piston rod, pulsation cylinder cylinder body, inlet high pressure check valve, pressure transmitter, shut-off valve and liquid outlet high pressure check valve.It watches
Motor is taken to be fixedly connected with lead screw；Lead screw, more balls, nut collectively form ball-screw-transmission pair；Nut pedestal circumference is equal
The even multiple through-holes of distribution, connecting flange circumference corresponding position are also distributed the through-hole of identical quantity, pass through the countersunk head spiral shell of corresponding number
Nail connects the two；Pulsation cylinder piston rod upper end is fixedly connected with connecting flange, and lower end and cylinder body form variable volume cavity；Cylinder body
Two sides are separately connected high pressure check valve, control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；Pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet passes through shut-off valve and pressure
Transmitter connection；
The host hydraulic system includes: main sump, main motor, remote pressure regulating valve, constant pressure variable displacement pump, system overflow
Valve, at least one accumulator, electrohydraulic servo valve, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve and pressure gauge, main sump is equipped with hydraulic oil, main
Motor is connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump is connect with main sump, oil outlet to system
One interface of four-way connection；Four-way connection the other three interface respectively with accumulator, the oil inlet P of electrohydraulic servo valve, host its
His oil circuit connection；A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve are respectively corresponded to be connect with P, T hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve；Solenoid directional control valve
A, B hydraulic fluid port is respectively corresponded connect with the middle part hydraulic fluid port of pressurized cylinder, end hydraulic fluid port；
The low pressure hydromechanical system includes: high pressure check valve, overflow valve, filling liquid motor, charging pump, filter and water tank,
Shaping liquid medium is housed in water tank；Low pressure and mass flow charging pump inlet installs filter, and liquid outlet is quickly filled to pressurized cylinder
Liquid；Overflow valve makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and high pressure check valve prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder from reversely flowing into low-lift pump.
The cylindrical guides are 4, are each passed through corresponding four holes of moved cross beam, upper end is fixedly connected with upper beam,
Lower end is fixedly connected with workbench；Master cylinder is major diameter plunger case, and two fast cylinders are symmetrically distributed at left and right sides of master cylinder；It is main
Cylinder, two fast cylinders cylinder body be fixedly connected on upper beam lower end surface, master cylinder plunger piston bar, fast cylinder piston-rod end are fixedly connected
In moved cross beam upper surface；Upper mold upper surface is fixedly connected in the middle part of moved cross beam lower end surface, and lower die is fixed on workbench upper end
Face and upper mold corresponding position；Axial feed cylinder is two or three, is separately fixed at that workbench is left and right, rear side, third fixation
In rear side, formed punch is connected horizontally in its piston rod end face；Workbench is fixed in rack, and lower cylinder is arranged in rack；
The control panel is fixedly connected on upper beam, and touch screen and button switch are respectively mounted in the inner；Electrical control
Cabinet is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and PLC (module containing AD/DA) and servo-driver are mounted on inside it；
The pressurized cylinder is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and two hydraulic fluid port of low pressure chamber passes through system oil pipe and main unit hydraulic system
System connection, high pressure chest inlet are connect by high-pressure water pipe with low pressure hydromechanical system, and liquid outlet passes through high-pressure water pipe and arteries and veins
The connection of hydrodynamic pressure generation device；Pressure transmitter is inserted at pressurized cylinder liquid outlet；The liquid outlet of pulse hydraulic generation device with
Liquid-passing hole in formed punch is connected by high-pressure water pipe；
The button switch, touch screen, low pressure hydromechanical system, host hydraulic system, pulse hydraulic generation device and pressure
Transmitter passes through cable respectively and the input or output interface of PLC connects；The input terminal of servo-driver is defeated by cable and PLC
Outgoing interface connection, output end are connect with the servo motor in pulse hydraulic generation device；
The touch screen can be manually entered Pressure of Tube Hydroforming loading procedure, the linear loading section of pressure and pulsatile portion
Independent input parameter；Program parameter is handled by PLC, controls each system and component actuation respectively；Electric signal inputs electro-hydraulic servo
Valve controls the feeding of pressurized cylinder by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid forming medium of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement passes through
Pressurized cylinder pressurization flows into pulse hydraulic generation device, through the piston rod iterative motion pressurization shape in pulse hydraulic generation device
At pressure fluctuation, tubing is finally flowed into.Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is telecommunications by pressure conversion
In number feed back input PLC, passes through the PID controller in PLC and form the semiclosed loop of pressure and adjust.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the bulging pressure conventional linear in forming process may be implemented in middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of the present invention
Load, the load of sinusoidal pulsation wave, the load of triangle pulsation wave, the load of rectangle pulsation wave and above four kinds of loading methods group at times
Box-like load expands the forming technology scope of application of equipment, improves the forming quality of product.
2, the frequency of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine fluctuation pressure of the present invention and amplitude are continuous in a big way
It is adjustable, and two parameter adjusts independently of each other.
3, the pressure pulsation device set by the present invention uses independent electrical control, does not depend on the fluctuation of main system pressure
Or the small size flutter of pressurized cylinder forms pressure fluctuation, improves system stability.
4, the present invention forms pressure fluctuation using PLC, servo-driver control servo motor, and structure is simple, and cost is opposite
Lower, use and maintenance is more convenient.
4, internal high-pressure forming machine host hydraulic system of the present invention use constant pressure variable displacement pump and accumulator combine as
Power source ensure that the stabilization of host hydraulic system pressure, reduces motor installed power, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main machine structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that host of the present invention molds status diagram；
Fig. 3 is hydraulic system principle figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is bulging pressure control flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 5 is pressurized cylinder schematic diagram of internal structure of the invention；
Fig. 6 is pulse hydraulic generation device schematic diagram of internal structure of the invention；
Fig. 7 is that bulging pressure sinuous pulsation load of the invention loads contrast curve chart with conventional linear；
Fig. 8 is that forming pressure rectangle pulsation load of the invention loads contrast curve chart with conventional linear；
Fig. 9 is that forming pressure triangle pulsation load of the invention loads contrast curve chart with conventional linear；
In figure: 1 upper beam；2 guide posts；3 fast cylinders；4 master cylinders；5 moved cross beams；6 upper molds；7 formed punches；8 axial feed cylinders；9
Workbench；10 racks；11 lower dies；12 lower cylinders；13 electrical control cabinets；14PLC (module containing AD/DA)；15 servo-drivers；16 press
Button switch；17 control panels；18 touch screens；19 low pressure hydromechanical systems；20 host hydraulic systems；21 system oil pipes；22 pressurized cylinders；
23 pulse hydraulic generation devices；24 high-pressure water pipes；25 pressure transmitters；26 tubing；27 main sumps；28 main motors；29 is long-range
Pressure regulator valve；30 constant pressure variable displacement pumps；31 system overflow valves；32 accumulators；33 electrohydraulic servo valves；34 two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves；
35 pressure gauges；36 high pressure check valves；37 overflow valves；38 filling liquid motors；39 low-lift pumps；40 filters；41 water tanks；42 liquid outlets；
43 inlets；44 high pressure chests；45 middle part hydraulic fluid ports；46 piston rods；47 cylinder bodies；48 end hydraulic fluid ports；49 servo motors；50 screw rods；51
Ball；52 nuts；53 sunk screws；54 connecting flanges；55 pulsation cylinder piston rods；56 pulsation cylinder cylinder bodies；57 inlet high pressure lists
To valve；58 pressure transmitters；59 shut-off valves；60 liquid outlet high pressure check valves.
Wherein: component 27-35 forms the host hydraulic system 20 in Fig. 1, and component 36-41 forms the low pressure filling liquid in Fig. 1
System 19, in Fig. 3, in addition to the icon connecting with overflow valve 37 is water tank, it is main sump 27 that other, which do not mark fuel tank icon,.
Specific embodiment
As described below is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on are 3 or more as axial feed cylinder increases, and are changed
Master cylinder clamping system, the quantity and size for changing pressurized cylinder, pulse hydraulic cylinder, the specification etc. of servo motor should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment is that bulging pressure conventional linear loads internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-6.
The middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of a kind of bulging pressure fluctuation load of the invention, comprising: upper beam 1, four is led
6, two 2, two fast cylinders 3 of column, master cylinder 4, moved cross beam 5, upper mold (or three) axial feed cylinders 8 and quantity is consistent therewith
Formed punch 7, workbench 9, rack 10, lower die 11, lower cylinder 12, electrical control cabinet 13, PLC (module containing AD/DA) 14, servo-driver
15, multiple buttons switch 16, control panel 17, touch screen 18, low pressure hydromechanical system 19, host hydraulic system 20, system oil pipe
21, pressurized cylinder 22, pulse hydraulic generation device 23, high-pressure water pipe 24, pressure transmitter 25.
The pulse hydraulic generation device 23 includes: servo motor 49, lead screw 50, more balls 51, nut 52, Duo Gechen
Head screw 53, connecting flange 54, pulsation cylinder piston rod 55, pulsation cylinder cylinder body 56, inlet high pressure check valve 57, pressure transmitter
58, shut-off valve 59, liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60.The servo motor 49 is fixedly connected with lead screw 50；Lead screw 50, more balls
51, nut 52 forms ball-screw-transmission pair；52 pedestal even circumferential of nut is distributed multiple through-holes, and connecting flange circumference corresponds to position
The through-hole for being also distributed identical quantity is set, is connected the two by the sunk screw 53 of corresponding number；Pulsation 55 upper end of cylinder piston rod
Portion is fixedly connected with connecting flange 54, and lower end and cylinder body 56 form variable volume cavity；56 two sides of cylinder body are separately connected inlet high pressure
Check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；Pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet connects shut-off valve
59, pressure transmitter 58 is connected on shut-off valve 59.
The host hydraulic system 20 include: main sump 27, main motor 28, remote pressure regulating valve 29, constant pressure variable displacement pump 30,
System overflow valve 31, at least one accumulator 32, electrohydraulic servo valve 33, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 34, pressure gauge 35.Host
Fuel tank 27 is equipped with hydraulic oil, and main motor 28 is connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump 30；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 connects
Main sump 27, oil outlet to the first a interface of system four-way pipe connector；Four-way union the other three interface respectively with accumulator
32, other oil circuit connections of the oil inlet P of electrohydraulic servo valve 33, host；A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve 33 respectively correspond and two
P, T hydraulic fluid port of four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 34 connect；A, B hydraulic fluid port of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 34 respectively correspond and pressurized cylinder 22
Middle part hydraulic fluid port 45, end hydraulic fluid port 48 connect.
The low pressure hydromechanical system 19 includes: high pressure check valve 36, overflow valve 37, filling liquid motor 38, low-lift pump 39, filtering
Device 40, water tank 41.Shaping liquid medium is housed in water tank 41；39 inlet of low-lift pump installs filter 40, and liquid outlet is to pressurization
The quick filling liquid of cylinder 22；Overflow valve 37 makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and high pressure check valve 36 prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder 22 anti-
To inflow low-lift pump 39.
Four cylindrical guides 2 pass through corresponding four holes of moved cross beam 5, and upper end is fixedly connected with upper beam 1, lower end
It is fixedly connected with workbench 9；The master cylinder 4 is major diameter plunger case, and two fast cylinders 3 are symmetrically distributed in 4 left and right sides of master cylinder；
The cylinder body of 4, two fast cylinders 3 of master cylinder is fixedly connected on 1 lower end surface of upper beam, and master cylinder plunger piston is fixed with fast cylinder piston-rod end
It is connected to 5 upper surface of moved cross beam；6 upper surface of upper mold is fixedly connected in the middle part of 5 lower end surface of moved cross beam, and lower die 11 is fixed
In 9 upper surface of workbench and 6 corresponding position of upper mold；Described two or three axial feed cylinders 8 be fixed on workbench 9 it is left and right, after
Side (third is fixed on rear side), formed punch 7 is connected horizontally in its piston rod end face；The workbench 9 is fixed in rack 10,
Lower cylinder 12 is arranged in rack 10；
The control panel 17 is fixedly connected on 1 right side of upper beam, and touch screen 18 and button switch 16 are respectively mounted in the inner；
Electrical control cabinet 13 is fixedly connected on 10 right side of rack, and PLC (module containing AD/DA) 14 and servo-driver 15 are respectively mounted in the inner
Portion；Pressurized cylinder 22 is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and two hydraulic fluid port 45,48 of low pressure chamber passes through system oil pipe 21 and host hydraulic system
20 connections, high pressure chest inlet 43 are connect by high-pressure water pipe 24 with low pressure hydromechanical system, and liquid outlet 42 passes through high pressure water
Pipe is connect with pulse hydraulic generation device 23；Pressure transmitter 25 is inserted at pressurized cylinder liquid outlet 42；Pulse hydraulic generates dress
It sets 23 liquid outlet and the liquid-passing hole in formed punch 7 passes through high-pressure water pipe 24 and connect；
The button switch 16, touch screen 18, low pressure hydromechanical system 19, host hydraulic system 20, pulse hydraulic generate dress
23 are set to connect by the input or output interface of cable and PLC14 respectively with pressure transmitter 25；The input of servo-driver 15
End is connect by cable with PLC output interface, and output end is connect with the servo motor 49 in pulse hydraulic generation device；
The touch screen 18 can be manually entered Pressure of Tube Hydroforming loading procedure, pressure conventional linear loading section and arteries and veins
Loading section independent input parameter is moved, pulse free loads parameter in the present embodiment；Program parameter is handled by PLC14, is controlled respectively
Make each system and component actuation；Electric signal inputs electrohydraulic servo valve 33, controls pressurized cylinder 22 by controlling the flow of servo valve
Feeding；The liquid forming medium that low pressure hydromechanical system 19 supplements flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by the pressurization of pressurized cylinder 22
23；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device 23 is motionless, and high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing 26.Pressurized cylinder 22 goes out
Inserting pressure transmitter 25 in mouth end detects pressure, and is in electric signal feed back input PLC14, by PLC by pressure conversion
The half-closed loop control of PID controller formation pressure.
In the present embodiment, linear function that interior pressure changes with the load time are as follows:
Before processing, input forming process is as shown in the table in touch screen 18:
In upper table, time point is the starting point or turning point of interior pressure line load；Pressure is the bulging pressure at the moment；
Pulse mode are as follows: 0 pulse free, 1 sinusoidal pulsation wave, 2 rectangle pulsation waves, 3 triangle pulsation waves；Amplitude h is cylinder of pulsing at the corresponding moment
The amplitude of 46 back and forth movement of piston rod, frequency are 46 reciprocating frequency of piston rod.
Then, pretreated tubing 26 is placed in 11 correct position of lower die, the corresponding button pressed in control panel 17 is opened
16 starting semi-automatic formings are closed, master cylinder 4 drives the first fast downlink of moved cross beam 5, switchs to close at a slow speed when until upper mold 6 is close to lower die 11
Mould；8 rapid axial of axial feed cylinder positioning, at the same time filling liquid motor 38 start, low-lift pump 39 be discharged low pressure shaping liquid according to
The secondary liquid-passing hole after pressurized cylinder 22 and pulse hydraulic generation device 23, into formed punch 7；Axial feed cylinder navigates to predetermined
Each end of sealed tube 26 behind position, and drain its internal air；Subsequent axial feed cylinder 8 switchs to feed at a slow speed, and according to
Setting program feeding；Initial time is fed, the high pressure chest 44 of pressurized cylinder 22 is in maximum volume state and full of low pressure liquid；
Main motor 28 drives constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 to provide power for hydraulic system, and PLC14 controls electrohydraulic servo valve 33 according to setting program
Spool it is mobile, while 34 spool of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve be in right position and connects, and hydraulic oil enters pressurized cylinder 22 from hydraulic fluid port
Low pressure chamber pushes piston rod 46 mobile to 44 side of high pressure chest；Pulsation liquid is flowed successively through after shaping liquid pressurization in high pressure chest 44
The inlet high pressure check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 in generation device 23 are pressed, servo motor 49, which is in, at this time shuts down
State does not generate fluctuation pressure；Highly pressurised liquid enters inside tubing 26 eventually by the filling liquid hole in formed punch 7, in axial feed
Cooperation under so that tubing 26 is adjacent to upper mould 6 and 11 inner wall of lower die, shape required shapes.
In this forming process, the output pressure of constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of remote pressure regulating valve 29
Power；Overflow valve 31 controls host hydraulic system maximum pressure, plays pressure limiting safety effect；Accumulator 32 is inhaled in host work gap
Hydraulic oil is received, high-volume hydraulic oil is quickly mended to electrohydraulic servo valve 33 when forming pressure rises very fast, reduces the dress of motor 28
Machine rated power；Pressure gauge 35 can 22 low pressure chamber of real-time display pressurized cylinder pressure, observe monitoring in real time convenient for device operator
Forming process；Pressure transmitter 25 acquires the pressure of 22 high pressure chest liquid outlet 42 of pressurized cylinder in real time, and is converted to electric signal feedback
Into PLC14, pressure closed loop feedback control is formed, the spool of real-time control electrohydraulic servo valve 33 is mobile；Simultaneously on touch screen 18
The variation of real-time display bulging pressure；High pressure check valve 36 prevents high-pressure forming liquid reverse reflux to low-lift pump 39.
After the completion of internal high pressure forming program executes, axial feed cylinder 8 quickly retracts initial position, 26 pressure release of tubing, quickly
Cylinder 3 drives the die sinking of 5 fast uplink of moved cross beam, finally takes out the tubing 26 of forming, is ready for next component shaping.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is that bulging pressure sinuous pulsation loads internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-7.
In the present embodiment, interior pressure loading curve function are as follows:
P1(t)=P0(t)+ΔPsin(2πωt)
In formula, Δ P is pulsation wave-amplitude, and the present embodiment takes 5MPa；ω is ripple frequency, takes 1Hz in the present embodiment.
Unlike compared with Example 1, pulsation loading method selection 1, amplitude h needs are surveyed manually before part forming
It is fixed.Because of the pressure of system feedback control conventional linear load, fluctuation pressure part opened loop control, input program is that pulsation cylinder is living
Stopper rod amplitude h, rather than fluctuating pressure amplitude Δ P.Known forming medium fluid mechanical attribute, pulse cylinder, high-pressure water pipe, tubing ruler
It is very little etc., the corresponding piston rod amplitude h of amplitude Δ P can be calculated by theory deduction, but as it is assumed that excessive, system has leakage
Equal uncontrollable factors, lead to that there are large errors.Therefore by the way that measurement pulses cylinder piston rod amplitude compared with subject to manually in equipment
Really.
The present invention is middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine, pressure fluctuation amplitude Δ P is constant, pressure controling precision requires not
In the case where height, constant amplitude h value can be set.If discovery pressure amplitude Δ P attenuation amplitude exceeds required pressure after forming
Precision is controlled, then pulsation cylinder piston rod amplitude h can be mended by the real-time pressure value recorded on comparison touch screen 18
It repays, day part starting point sets different amplitudes, and system automatically determines often according to the h value of initial time according to linear interpolation method
The piston rod amplitude of one pulsation period.
The method of measurement pulsation 46 amplitude of cylinder piston rod is manually: set device is manual operation shape in touch screen 18
State；It presses the corresponding button switch 16 and manually controls the quickly positioning of the molding of master cylinder 4, formed punch 7；Pressurization is manually controlled on touch screen 18
22 crawl of cylinder pressurization, when guaranteeing that fracture failure does not occur for tubing (pressure has mutation when tubing ruptures), by theoretical calculation
Touch screen is inputted on the basis of the h value obtained, then manually controls the operation of pulse hydraulic generation device 23, pressure transmitter 25 is real-time
Acquisition 60 outlet pressure of liquid outlet high pressure check valve is simultaneously shown on touch screen 18.Observe actual pressure pulsating quantity and and theoretical value
Comparison, multiple feedback modifiers, the final reasonable value for determining h.
The present embodiment forming process is compared with Example 1 unlike another place, during semi-automatic forming, liquid of pulsing
Press generation device 23 in operating status, initial time pulsation cylinder piston rod 55 is in equalization point, and highly pressurised liquid is from pressurized cylinder 22
Become sinuous pulsation pressure after.The mechanism that sinuous pulsation pressure generates is: PLC14 output control electric signal, by servo
Driving servo motor 49 rotates after driver 15 amplifies, and rotational angular velocity is sinusoidal rule variation, and maximum value is according to pulsation frequency
Rate ω and piston rod amplitude h are calculated acquisition by system automatically.Servo motor 49 drives ballscrew nut fitting to turn rotary motion
Linear motion is turned to, the driving pulsation cylinder piston rod 55 of nut 52 makees up and down reciprocatingly sinusoidal motion, changes rodless cavity pressure fluctuation；
Inlet high pressure check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 prevent highly pressurised liquid reverse flow in pulsation, reduce interference；
Shut-off valve 59 is opened when pulsing loading and shaping, is closed in non-pulsating loading and shaping, and that improves pressure transmitter 58 uses the longevity
Life.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is bulging pressure rectangle pulsation load internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-9, Fig. 8.
Interior pressure loading curve function in the present embodiment are as follows:
In formula, Δ P is pulsation wave-amplitude, and the present embodiment takes 5MPa；ω is ripple frequency, takes 1Hz in the present embodiment.
Unlike compared with Example 2, within each pulsation period, servo motor 49 drives piston with maximum (top) speed
Bar 46 moves.Piston rod 46 is fast moved from equalization point to peak swing h, is come downwards under equalization point after suspending a period of time
At h, pause same time quickly returns to equalization point.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is bulging pressure triangle pulsation load internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-6, Fig. 9.
Triangular wave in the present embodiment, amplitude Δ P=5MPa, period ω=1Hz.It is different with specific embodiment two
, within each pulsation period, servo motor 46 drives piston rod 47 at the uniform velocity to move up and down since equalization point.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is a variety of segments combined loads of loading method timesharing, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-9.
It is as shown in the table to input program:
Pulse hydraulic generation device exports sine wave fluctuation pressure in 0-5s, exports rectangular wave fluctuation pressure in 5-15s,
15-20s exports triangular wave fluctuation pressure, realizes a variety of segments combined loads of loading method timesharing.Amplitude h by 5mm finely tune to
5.3mm carries out adequate compensation to the decaying of pressure fluctuation.
Claims (1)
1. high-pressure forming method, which is characterized in that applied on forming machine, the forming machine includes: upper beam, leads
Column, fast cylinder, master cylinder, moved cross beam, upper mold, axial feed cylinder and therewith the consistent formed punch of quantity, workbench, rack, lower die,
Lower cylinder, electrical control cabinet, PLC, servo-driver, button switch, control panel, touch screen, system oil pipe, pressurized cylinder, high pressure
Water pipe and pressure transmitter；
The forming machine further include:
Pulse hydraulic generation device: the pulse hydraulic generation device includes: servo motor, lead screw, ball, nut, countersunk head spiral shell
Nail, connecting flange, pulsation cylinder piston rod, pulsation cylinder cylinder body, inlet high pressure check valve, pressure transmitter, shut-off valve and liquid out
Mouth high pressure check valve, servo motor are fixedly connected with lead screw；Lead screw, more balls, nut collectively form ball-screw-transmission pair；
Nut pedestal even circumferential is distributed multiple through-holes, and connecting flange circumference corresponding position is also distributed the through-hole of identical quantity, by right
The sunk screw of quantity is answered to connect the two；Pulsation cylinder piston rod upper end is fixedly connected with connecting flange, lower end and cylinder body shape
At variable volume cavity；Cylinder body two sides are separately connected high pressure check valve, control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；At pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet
It is connect by shut-off valve with pressure transmitter；
Host hydraulic system: the host hydraulic system include: main sump, main motor, remote pressure regulating valve, constant pressure variable displacement pump,
System overflow valve, at least one accumulator, electrohydraulic servo valve, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve and pressure gauge, main sump are equipped with
Hydraulic oil, main motor are connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump is connect with fuel tank, and oil outlet is extremely
One interface of system four-way connection；Four-way connection the other three interface respectively with accumulator, the oil inlet P of electrohydraulic servo valve, master
Other oil circuit connections of machine；A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve are respectively corresponded to be connect with P, T hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve；Electromagnetic switch
A, B hydraulic fluid port of valve are respectively corresponded to be connect with the middle part hydraulic fluid port of pressurized cylinder, end hydraulic fluid port；
Low pressure hydromechanical system: the low pressure hydromechanical system includes: high pressure check valve, overflow valve, filling liquid motor, charging pump, filtering
Device and water tank are equipped with shaping liquid medium in water tank；Low pressure and mass flow charging pump inlet installs filter, and liquid outlet is to pressurization
The quick filling liquid of cylinder；Overflow valve makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and it is low that high pressure check valve prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder from reversely flowing into
Press charging pump；
In the high-pressure forming method, program parameter is handled by PLC, controls each system and component actuation respectively；Telecommunications
Number input electrohydraulic servo valve, controls the feeding of pressurized cylinder by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement
Body shapes medium and flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by pressurized cylinder pressurization；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device is not
Dynamic, high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing；Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is by pressure conversion
In electric signal feed back input PLC, the half-closed loop control of pressure is formed by the PID controller in PLC；
Interior pressure loading curve function are as follows:
In formula, Δ P is pulsation wave-amplitude, takes 5MPa；ω is ripple frequency, takes 1Hz；
Before processing, input forming process is as shown in the table in touch screen:
In upper table, time point is the starting point or turning point of interior pressure line load；Pressure is the bulging pressure at the moment；Amplitude
H is the amplitude of corresponding moment pulsation cylinder piston rod back and forth movement, and frequencies omega is piston rod reciprocating frequency；
Within each pulsation period, servo motor drives piston rod movement with maximum (top) speed, and piston rod is quick from equalization point
It is moved at peak swing h, is come downwards under equalization point at h after suspending a period of time, pause same time quickly returns to equalization point.
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| CN107597943A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-19 | 上海吉诺士汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of quick dispensing device for water of internal high-pressure forming machine |
| CN109838424B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2024-06-14 | 华澳装备科技(盐城)有限公司 | High-precision mode locking pressure hydraulic control loop and control method |
| CN108457917B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2020-01-31 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | water tightness detection device and hydraulic system thereof |
| CN109404371A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-03-01 | 吉林省正轩车架有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic system can be shortened interior high-pressure molding process cycle |
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| CN110090888B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-05-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Internal high-pressure forming displacement-internal pressure loading curve control system |
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| CN113617918B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-05-30 | 山东盛润汽车有限公司 | Liquid tank expansion forming device and process |
| CN114065456B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-08 | 西南石油大学 | Method for determining passing size of plunger in continuous oil pipe |
| CN116564848A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-08 | 浙江大学 | Supercritical fluid cleaning system and cleaning method |
| CN114834085B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-12-16 | 江苏双赢锻压机床有限公司 | Centralized digital control method and system for online operation of multiple punching machines |
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| CN108356128A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108405697B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
| CN108405698B (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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