CN108344214B - Exhaust device, refrigeration air-conditioning system and exhaust method of non-condensable gas - Google Patents
Exhaust device, refrigeration air-conditioning system and exhaust method of non-condensable gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108344214B CN108344214B CN201710058660.9A CN201710058660A CN108344214B CN 108344214 B CN108344214 B CN 108344214B CN 201710058660 A CN201710058660 A CN 201710058660A CN 108344214 B CN108344214 B CN 108344214B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/04—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases
- F25B43/043—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases for compression type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
- F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
- F25B2339/0242—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having tubular elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
- F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/002—Collecting refrigerant from a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/006—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by charging or discharging valves
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an exhaust device and method for exhausting non-condensable gas in a refrigeration air-conditioning system. The exhaust device comprises an evaporative condenser, which separates liquid refrigerant and non-condensable gas by condensing the mixed gas of gaseous refrigerant and non-condensable gas from the refrigeration air-conditioning system, introduces the separated liquid refrigerant into the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and exhausts the separated non-condensable gas. The method comprises an evaporation and condensation process, an exhaust process and a liquid discharge process. The invention can prevent the non-condensable gas from accumulating in the condenser of the refrigeration air-conditioning system, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the condensing pressure in the condenser, ensuring the refrigerating capacity and energy efficiency of the refrigeration air-conditioning system and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of refrigeration and air conditioning, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for exhausting non-condensable gases in a refrigeration and air conditioning system.
Background
The conventional refrigerating air conditioning system includes four major components, i.e., a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device, and an evaporator, and is configured to circulate a refrigerant therethrough, thereby completing a refrigeration cycle through a change in a state of the refrigerant. The object to be cooled is guided to pass through the evaporator and exchanges heat with the low-temperature refrigerant in the evaporator, so that the object to be cooled is cooled.
Some refrigeration air conditioning systems that use low pressure refrigerants (e.g., R123, R1233zd, etc.) operate to create low pressure regions within the system that are below atmospheric pressure. Air may infiltrate into these low pressure areas inside the refrigeration and air-conditioning system, and non-condensable gas in the air accumulates in the condenser, resulting in a decrease in the heat exchange performance of the condenser, thereby reducing the cooling capacity of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system; meanwhile, the condensing pressure in the system is also increased, the condensing temperature is increased, the exhaust temperature of the compressor is further increased, the power consumption is increased, and the energy efficiency of the refrigeration air-conditioning system is reduced. In addition, the exhaust temperature is too high, so that the lubricating oil of the compressor can be carbonized, the lubricating effect is influenced, and the compressor can be jammed or a motor of the compressor can be burnt in severe cases.
Therefore, in a refrigeration and air-conditioning system using a low-pressure refrigerant, it is necessary to occasionally separate and discharge a non-condensable gas introduced into the system to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust device for exhausting non-condensable gases in a refrigeration air conditioning system, comprising: the evaporative condenser is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell side and a tube side, and mixed gas of non-condensable gas and gaseous refrigerant passes through the shell side/the tube side of the evaporative condenser and exchanges heat with a cold source in the tube side/the shell side, so that the mixed gas is separated into liquid refrigerant and non-condensable gas.
According to the exhaust device of the first aspect, the evaporative condenser comprises a mixed gas inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, the mixed gas inlet is used for introducing the mixed gas, the liquid outlet is used for introducing the separated liquid refrigerant into the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and the gas outlet is used for discharging the separated non-condensable gas; the evaporative condenser further comprises a cold source inlet and a cold source outlet, wherein the cold source inlet is used for introducing a cold source, and the cold source outlet is used for discharging the cold source.
According to the exhaust device of the first aspect, the cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to introduce a part of low-temperature refrigerants in the refrigeration air-conditioning system into the evaporative condenser to serve as the cold source of the exhaust device; and the cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to lead the refrigerant entering the evaporative condenser back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
The exhaust device according to the first aspect further comprises an ejector, the ejector comprises a high-pressure source inlet, a liquid inlet and an ejector outlet, the high-pressure source inlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to introduce a part of high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system into the ejector, the liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser, and the ejector outlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so that liquid refrigerant separated by the evaporative condenser is introduced back into the refrigeration air-conditioning system through the ejector.
The exhaust apparatus according to the first aspect described above, further comprising: the cold source inlet control valve is used for connecting the cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser to a cold source; a mixed gas inlet control valve connecting the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser to the refrigeration air-conditioning system; the liquid discharge control valve is used for communicating a liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser with the refrigeration air-conditioning system; and an exhaust control valve provided at a gas outlet of the evaporative condenser.
The exhaust device according to the first aspect further comprises an additional throttling device, which is arranged between a cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser and the refrigeration air-conditioning system; the ejector comprises a high-pressure source inlet, a liquid inlet and an ejector outlet, the high-pressure source inlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and the ejector outlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system; the cold source outlet control valve is used for connecting a cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser to a liquid inlet of the ejector; and the liquid discharge control valve is used for connecting a liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser to a liquid inlet of the ejector, so that the liquid refrigerant separated in the evaporative condenser can be led back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system through the ejector.
The exhaust device according to the first aspect further includes a high-pressure source control valve disposed between the high-pressure source inlet of the ejector and the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigeration air conditioning system comprising: an evaporator comprising an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet; a compressor including a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, the compressor inlet in communication with the evaporator outlet; a condenser comprising a condenser inlet and a condenser outlet, the condenser inlet in communication with the compressor outlet; the throttling device comprises a throttling device inlet and a throttling device outlet, the throttling device inlet is communicated with the condenser outlet, and the throttling device outlet is communicated with the evaporator inlet; an exhaust apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser is in communication with the condenser and the liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser is in communication with the low pressure side of the refrigeration air conditioning system.
According to the refrigeration air-conditioning system of the second aspect, the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser is connected to the top of the condenser, so that the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the condenser.
According to the refrigeration air-conditioning system of the second aspect, the cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the outlet of the throttling device; and a cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the compressor inlet or the evaporator.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of venting non-condensable gases in a refrigeration air-conditioning system as in the second aspect, the method comprising: an evaporative condensation process in which a mixed gas composed of a gaseous refrigerant and a non-condensable gas in a condenser of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system is introduced to a tube side/shell side of the evaporative condenser, and a cold source is introduced to a shell side/tube side of the evaporative condenser, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the mixed gas is condensed into a liquid refrigerant by the evaporative condenser, and the non-condensable gas is separated from the mixed gas; a liquid discharging process, in which the liquid refrigerant separated by the evaporative condenser is discharged into a low-pressure side of the refrigeration air-conditioning system; and an exhaust process of exhausting the non-condensable gas separated by the evaporative condenser.
According to the method of the third aspect, the cold source is a low-temperature refrigerant coming out of a throttling device of the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
The exhaust device and the method thereof can lead the mixed gas of the gaseous refrigerant and the non-condensable gas out of the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and separate and exhaust the non-condensable gas from the mixed gas head by condensing the gaseous refrigerant in the mixed gas into the liquid refrigerant. Therefore, the invention can prevent the non-condensable gas from accumulating in the condenser of the refrigeration air-conditioning system, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the condensing pressure in the condenser, ensuring the refrigerating capacity and energy efficiency of the refrigeration air-conditioning system and ensuring the refrigeration air-conditioning system to operate safely and efficiently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main components of a conventional refrigeration and air-conditioning system;
FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of an exhaust apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a refrigeration air conditioning system having the vent shown in FIG. 2;
4A-4C illustrate the discharge of non-condensable gases from the refrigeration air-conditioning system of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the exhaust apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a refrigeration air conditioning system having the vent shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7A-7C illustrate the discharge of non-condensable gases by the refrigeration air-conditioning system of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. Wherever possible, the same or similar reference numbers used herein refer to the same or corresponding parts.
A conventional refrigeration air conditioning system will first be described with reference to fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100 mainly includes an evaporator 110, a compressor 120, a condenser 130, and a throttling device 140, which are connected by pipes to form a closed system, and the system is filled with a refrigerant. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporator 110 includes an inlet 110a and an outlet 110b, the compressor 120 includes an inlet 120a and an outlet 120b, the condenser 130 includes an inlet 130a and an outlet 130b, and the throttling device 140 includes an inlet 140a and an outlet 140 b. These components are connected by pipes in the following manner: the inlet 120a of the compressor 120 is connected to the outlet 110b of the evaporator 110, the inlet 130a of the condenser 130 is connected to the outlet 120b of the compressor 120, the inlet 140a of the throttling device 140 is connected to the outlet 130b of the condenser 130, and the outlet 140b of the throttling device 140 is connected to the inlet 110a of the evaporator 110. The hollow arrows in fig. 1 indicate the direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration and air-conditioning system. In the refrigeration process, the throttling device 140 throttles the high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the condenser 130 to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant; the low-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with an object to be cooled (in fig. 1, an arrow entering the evaporator 110 and an arrow coming out of the evaporator 110 indicate the trend of the object to be cooled, such as chilled water), absorbs heat of the object to be cooled, and is vaporized and evaporated; refrigerant vapor generated by vaporization is sucked by the compressor 120, compressed and then discharged at high pressure; the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 120 exchanges heat with an ambient medium (arrows entering the condenser 130 and exiting the condenser 130 in fig. 1 indicate the trend of the ambient medium such as cooling water) in the condenser 130, and the released heat is liquefied and condensed; the high temperature refrigerant liquid flows through the throttling device 140 again to be depressurized. The above steps are repeated to generate continuous refrigeration effect.
In the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100 shown in fig. 1, if the refrigerant used is a low-pressure refrigerant, such as R123 and R1233zd, non-condensable gas from the air accumulates in the condenser 130. For this purpose, the exhaust device of the present invention leads the non-condensable gas out of the condenser 130. However, since the gaseous refrigerant is also present in the condenser 130, the gaseous refrigerant is discharged together with the non-condensable gas. Therefore, the exhaust device of the invention firstly separates the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the non-condensable gas, then sends the separated refrigerant back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and leads the separated non-condensable gas out of the exhaust system to the atmospheric environment.
Fig. 2 shows an exhaust device according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the arrows indicate the course of the heat sink. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, vent apparatus 200 includes an evaporative condenser 210, evaporative condenser 210 being a shell-and-tube heat exchanger including a tube side 214 and a shell side 218. Wherein, one of pipe side and shell side is arranged in holding the mist of non-condensable gas and gaseous state refrigerant among the refrigeration air conditioning system, and another one in pipe side and the shell side is used for holding the cold source to make mist can carry out the heat exchange with the cold source, thereby be liquid refrigerant and non-condensable gas with the mist separation, so that discharge non-condensable gas alone. For ease of illustration and convenience in the following detailed description, in fig. 2, the shell side 218 is used to accommodate the cold source, and the tube side 214 is used to accommodate the mixture of non-condensable gases and gaseous refrigerant. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that fig. 2 is only an example, and the tube side is used for accommodating the cold source, and the shell side is used for accommodating the mixed gas of the non-condensable gas and the gaseous refrigerant, so that the function of the evaporative condenser can be realized.
As also shown in fig. 2, the tube side 214 includes a mixed gas inlet 214a for introducing a mixed gas of non-condensable gas and gaseous refrigerant discharged from the refrigerating and air-conditioning system, a liquid outlet 214b for delivering liquid refrigerant separated in the tube side 214 back into the refrigerating and air-conditioning system, and a gas outlet 214c for discharging non-condensable gas separated in the tube side 214. The shell side 218 includes a cool source inlet 218a and a cool source outlet 218b, the cool source inlet 218a serves to introduce the cool source into the shell side 218, and the cool source outlet 218b serves to discharge the introduced cool source from the shell side 218.
The exhaust device 200 may further include an ejector 230, and the ejector 230 may generate a negative pressure at the liquid outlet 214b of the pipe side 214, so that the liquid refrigerant separated in the pipe side 214 is drawn into the ejector 230 and discharged by the ejector 230. It should be noted, however, that the exhaust device 200 may be provided without the ejector 230, and the liquid refrigerant separated in the pipe side 214 can be exhausted without the ejector 230. The eductor 230 is used only to accelerate the discharge of the separated liquid refrigerant in the tube side 214. As shown in fig. 2, the eductor 230 includes a high pressure source inlet 231, a liquid inlet 232, and an eductor outlet 233, the high pressure source inlet 231 being used to introduce a high pressure source into the eductor 230, the liquid inlet 232 being in communication with the liquid outlet 214b of the tube side 214, and the eductor outlet 233 being in communication with the low pressure side of the refrigeration air conditioning system.
As also shown in fig. 2, a cool source control valve 270, a mixed gas inlet control valve 240 and a high pressure source control valve 250 are respectively provided upstream of the cool source inlet 218a, the mixed gas inlet 214a and the high pressure source inlet 231 of the ejector 230 of the evaporative condenser, respectively, for controlling the intake of gas and/or liquid. An exhaust control valve 260 for controlling the exhaust of the separated non-condensable gas is further provided at the gas outlet 214c of the evaporative condenser. A drain control valve 280 is also provided between the liquid inlet 232 of the eductor 230 and the liquid outlet 214b of the shell side 214
According to one embodiment of the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the cold source for supplying cold to the evaporative condenser 210 uses a part of low-temperature refrigerant in the refrigeration and air-conditioning system, and the connection manner of the exhaust device and the refrigeration and air-conditioning system using this embodiment is shown in fig. 3. It should be noted that when a portion of the low-temperature refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system is used as the cold source of the evaporative condenser 210, the portion of the refrigerant finally needs to be guided back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system to maintain the total amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system unchanged, so that the refrigeration air-conditioning system can operate normally. However, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 may be used to vent non-condensable gases from a refrigeration air conditioning system using sources other than refrigeration air conditioning systems in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
The manner in which the vent 200 is coupled in the refrigerated air conditioning system 100 'will now be described with reference to the refrigerated air conditioning system 100' shown in fig. 3 having the vent 200 shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, the cool source inlet 218a of the evaporative condenser 210 communicates with the outlet 140b ' of the throttling device 140 ' of the refrigerating air conditioning system 100 ', and the cool source control valve 270 is connected therebetween. The refrigerant coming out of the throttling device 140' is a low-temperature refrigerant, and can provide enough cooling capacity for the evaporative condenser 210. The mixed gas inlet 214a of the evaporative condenser 210 communicates with the condenser 130 'of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100', with the mixed gas inlet control valve 240 connected therebetween. As a preferred embodiment, the mixed gas inlet 214a of the evaporative condenser 210 communicates with the top of the condenser 130 'of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100', and since the non-condensable gases accumulate at the top of the condenser 130 ', the connection is more advantageous for the non-condensable gases to be discharged from the condenser 130'. The cold source outlet 218b of the evaporative condenser 210 communicates with the evaporator 110' of the refrigeration air conditioning system to deliver the refrigerant from the shell side 218 back into the refrigeration air conditioning system. It should be noted that the cold source outlet 218b of the evaporative condenser 210 may also communicate with the inlet 120a 'of the compressor 120' to deliver the refrigerant from the shell side 218 back into the refrigeration air conditioning system. The high pressure source inlet 231 of the ejector 230 is in communication with the high pressure side of the refrigeration air conditioning system (e.g., the outlet 120b ' of the compressor 120 ') for introducing a portion of the high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 120 ' into the ejector 230 as the working gas of the ejector 230. The high pressure source control valve 250 is disposed between the high pressure source inlet 231 and the outlet 120b 'of the compressor 120'. The ejector outlet 233 communicates with a low-pressure side of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system (e.g., the evaporator 110') to deliver the liquid refrigerant separated by the evaporator-condenser 210 back into the refrigeration and air-conditioning system.
As shown in fig. 3, a part of the low-temperature refrigerant of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100' itself is used as a cold source of the exhaust device 200, and it is no longer necessary to separately provide an independent cooling system for the exhaust device 200, so that the components of the exhaust system can be more simplified, and the structure of the whole refrigeration and air-conditioning system can be more compact.
How the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100' shown in fig. 3 discharges the non-condensable gas by using the exhaust device 200 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4A to 4C, wherein the hollow arrows in the various figures represent the direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerating and air-conditioning system and the exhaust device. Generally, the operation of the exhaust device is divided into three stages, namely, an evaporation and condensation process for separating the non-condensable gas from the mixed gas of the non-condensable gas and the gaseous refrigerant, a liquid discharge process for delivering the separated refrigerant back to the refrigeration air conditioning system, and an exhaust process for discharging the separated non-condensable gas to the ambient atmosphere. The method of the present invention for exhausting non-condensable gases from a refrigeration air conditioning system using an exhaust means is also embodied in the operation as will be described below.
Fig. 4A shows an evaporative condensation process. During the evaporation and condensation, the cool source control valve 270 and the mixture gas inlet control valve 240 are opened, and the remaining valves, i.e., the high pressure source control valve 250, the exhaust control valve 260, and the exhaust control valve 280, are closed. The low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the outlet 140b ' of the throttling device 140 ' is divided into two paths, one path of refrigerant enters the evaporator 110 ' for evaporation, and the other path of refrigerant enters the shell side 218 through the cold source control valve 270 to serve as a cold source. The non-condensable gases accumulated in the condenser 130 'enter the tube side 214 together with the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 130' as a mixed gas, and exchange heat with the low temperature refrigerant in the shell side 218, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the mixed gas is condensed into a liquid refrigerant. The condensed and separated liquid refrigerant is stored at the bottom of the tube side 214, and the separated non-condensable gas is stored at the top of the tube side 214, thereby separating the non-condensable gas from the refrigerant. The low-temperature refrigerant in the shell side 218 is evaporated into gas by the heat exchange, and enters the evaporator 110' through the cold source outlet 218b of the shell side 218.
Fig. 4B shows the drainage process. When the liquid refrigerant in the tube side 214 reaches a certain height, the drainage process is started. During the liquid discharge, the high pressure source control valve 250 and the liquid discharge control valve 280 are opened, and the remaining valves, i.e., the cold source control valve 270, the mixture gas inlet control valve 240, and the liquid discharge control valve 260 are closed. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the outlet 120b ' of the compressor 120 ' enters the ejector 230 through the high-pressure source control valve 250, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the pipe side 214 is drawn out by the ejector 230 and discharged into the evaporator 110 ' through the ejector 230.
Fig. 4C shows the exhaust process. During the exhaust process, the exhaust control valve 260 is opened, and the remaining valves, i.e., the cold source control valve 270, the mixture gas intake control valve 240, the high pressure source control valve 250, and the exhaust control valve 280, are closed. At this time, the non-condensable gas in the pipe side 214 is discharged into the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust control valve 260.
The present invention also provides another embodiment of the exhaust apparatus, as shown in fig. 5, wherein the arrows indicate the direction of the cooling source. In this embodiment, the exhaust 300 includes an evaporative condenser 310 similar to the exhaust 200, and the exhaust 300 differs from the exhaust 200 shown in fig. 2 mainly in that the exhaust 300 is provided with an additional throttling device 370 upstream of the cold source inlet 318a of the shell side 318 for further reducing the temperature of the cold source before the cold source enters the shell side 318, thereby increasing the condensation capacity of the evaporative condenser.
The exhaust apparatus 300, like the exhaust apparatus 200, may also use an ejector 330 to accelerate the discharge of the liquid refrigerant from the evaporator-condenser 310. The cold source of the exhaust device 300 may also be a refrigerant of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system itself, that is, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the throttling device of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system may be used as the cold source of the exhaust device. When the refrigerant of the refrigerating and air-conditioning system itself is used as the cold source, the pressure of the cold source refrigerant entering the shell side 318 is lower than the pressure of the refrigerant in the low-pressure side of the refrigerating and air-conditioning system because the cold source refrigerant passes through the two throttling devices (i.e., the throttling device of the refrigerating and air-conditioning system and the additional throttling device 370 of the exhaust device 300). In this case, if the refrigerant in the shell side 318 is to be returned as a cold source to the low pressure side of the refrigeration air conditioning system (e.g., the inlet of the evaporator or compressor), additional drainage is required. The auxiliary drainage device can be selected from the ejector 330 shown in fig. 5. In this case, the eductor 330 may be used to perform two functions simultaneously, both as an auxiliary drain on the shell side 318 and to accelerate the drainage on the tube side 314. In order to achieve both functions, a control valve, i.e., a cold source outlet control valve 390 and a liquid discharge control valve 380, is provided between the shell side 318 and the ejector 330 and between the tube side 314 and the ejector 330, respectively, so as to isolate the evaporative condensation process and the liquid discharge process of the exhaust 300 (as will be seen in the operation of the exhaust 300 described below).
Further, similarly to the exhaust apparatus 200 shown in fig. 2, an exhaust control valve 360, a mixture gas intake control valve 340, and a high-pressure source control valve 350 are also provided in the exhaust apparatus 300 shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 6 shows the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100 "with the air discharge device 300 shown in fig. 5, the air discharge device 300 being connected to the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100" in a manner similar to the connection of the air discharge device 200 to the refrigerating and air-conditioning system 100', and will not be described in detail here.
Since the exhaust device 300 has two more control valves (i.e., the cool source outlet control valve 390 and the drain control valve 380) than the exhaust device 200, the operation of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100 "discharging non-condensable gas using the exhaust device 300 is slightly different from the operation of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100' discharging non-condensable gas using the exhaust device 200 in the on-off state of each control valve, and therefore, for the sake of clarity, the operation of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system 100" discharging non-condensable gas using the exhaust device 300 will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 7A to 7C. Still, in each figure, the hollow arrows represent the direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerating and air-conditioning system and the exhaust device, and the operation process of the exhaust device is divided into three stages, namely, an evaporation condensation process, a liquid discharge process and an exhaust process.
Fig. 7A shows an evaporative condensation process. During the evaporation and condensation, the additional throttling means 370 is opened, the mixture gas inlet control valve 340, the high pressure source control valve 350 and the cool source outlet control valve 390 are also opened, and the drain control valve 380 and the drain control valve 360 are closed. The low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the outlet 140b of the throttling device 140 "is divided into two paths, one path of refrigerant enters the evaporator 110" for evaporation, and the other path of refrigerant is further throttled and depressurized by the additional throttling device 370 to become a two-phase refrigerant with lower temperature, and enters the shell side 318 as a cold source. The non-condensable gases accumulated in the condenser 130 "enter the tube side 314 together with the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 130" as a mixed gas, and exchange heat with the low-temperature refrigerant in the shell side 318, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the mixed gas is condensed into a liquid refrigerant. The condensed and separated liquid refrigerant is stored at the bottom of the tube side 314, and the separated non-condensable gas is stored at the top of the tube side 314, thereby separating the non-condensable gas from the refrigerant. The low-temperature refrigerant in the shell side 318 is evaporated into gas through the heat exchange, and then the high-pressure refrigerant coming out from the outlet 120b "of the compressor 120" enters the ejector 330 through the high-pressure source control valve 350, and under the ejector action of the ejector 330, the gaseous refrigerant in the shell side 318 enters the evaporator 110 "of the refrigeration air-conditioning system through the ejector 330 and returns to the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
Fig. 7B shows the drainage process. When the liquid refrigerant in the tube side 314 reaches a certain height, the draining process is started. During the draining process, the high pressure source control valve 350, the cool source outlet control valve 390, and the drain control valve 380 are opened, and the additional throttle 370, the mixture gas inlet control valve 340, and the drain control valve 360 are closed. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the outlet 120b "of the compressor 120" enters the ejector 330 through the high-pressure source control valve 350, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the pipe side 314 is drawn out by the ejector 330 and discharged into the evaporator 110 "through the ejector 330.
Fig. 7C shows the exhaust process. During the exhaust process, the exhaust control valve 360 is opened, and the remaining valves, i.e., the additional throttle device 370, the mixture gas intake control valve 340, the high-pressure source control valve 350, the cold source outlet control valve 390, and the exhaust control valve 380, are all closed. At this time, the non-condensable gases in the pipe side 314 are discharged into the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust control valve 360.
The exhaust apparatus 300 shown in fig. 5 is more advantageous in increasing the efficiency of the exhaust apparatus than the exhaust apparatus 200 shown in fig. 2 because the temperature of the cool source entering the evaporative condenser is further reduced.
As can be seen from the working processes of the exhaust devices 200 and 300, the exhaust device and the refrigeration air-conditioning system of the refrigeration air-conditioning system form a closed system, and the refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system not only performs the refrigeration cycle of the refrigeration air-conditioning system, but also serves as a cold source of the exhaust device to provide cold energy for separating the non-condensable gas. In addition, the high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system can also be used as a high-pressure source to help the refrigerant entering the exhaust device to return to the refrigeration air-conditioning system. By adopting the exhaust device in the modes, the whole refrigeration air-conditioning system is compact in structure and can realize centralized control.
It is to be noted that the exhaust device does not need to be operated all the time during the operation of the refrigeration air conditioning system, but only needs to be activated when the accumulation of non-condensable gases in the condenser reaches a certain level. The liquid discharging process and the air discharging process of the air discharging device do not need to be carried out all the time when the air discharging device works, but the two processes need to be started only when the liquid refrigerant and the non-condensable gas in the evaporative condenser are stored to a certain degree.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for discharging condensed gas from a condenser of the refrigeration air-conditioning system. The above-described method is implemented using the exhaust apparatus illustrated in fig. 2 and 5, and is also described in the operation of the exhaust apparatus shown in fig. 2 and 5 described in detail above.
Although the present invention will be described with reference to the particular embodiments shown in the drawings, it should be understood that many variations of the exhaust apparatus and method of exhausting the same of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the teachings of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will also realize that there are different ways of varying the details of the structures in the disclosed embodiments of the invention that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An exhaust apparatus for exhausting non-condensable gases in a refrigeration air conditioning system, comprising:
the evaporative condenser is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell side and a tube side, and mixed gas of the non-condensable gas and the gaseous refrigerant passes through the shell side/the tube side of the evaporative condenser and exchanges heat with a cold source in the tube side/the shell side, so that the mixed gas is separated into a liquid refrigerant and the non-condensable gas; and
the ejector comprises a high-pressure source inlet, a liquid inlet and an ejector outlet, the high-pressure source inlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to introduce a part of high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigeration air-conditioning system into the ejector, the liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser, and the ejector outlet is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to lead the liquid refrigerant separated by the evaporative condenser back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system through the ejector.
2. The exhaust apparatus according to claim 1,
the evaporative condenser comprises a mixed gas inlet, a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, wherein the mixed gas inlet is used for introducing the mixed gas, the liquid outlet is used for introducing the separated liquid refrigerant into the refrigeration air-conditioning system, and the gas outlet is used for discharging the separated non-condensable gas; the evaporative condenser further comprises a cold source inlet and a cold source outlet, wherein the cold source inlet is used for introducing a cold source, and the cold source outlet is used for discharging the cold source.
3. The exhaust apparatus according to claim 2,
the cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to introduce a part of low-temperature refrigerants in the refrigeration air-conditioning system into the evaporative condenser to be used as a cold source of the exhaust device; and is
And the cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the refrigeration air-conditioning system so as to lead the refrigerant entering the evaporative condenser back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
4. The exhaust apparatus of claim 3, further comprising:
the cold source inlet control valve is used for connecting the cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser to a cold source;
a mixed gas inlet control valve connecting the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser to the refrigeration air-conditioning system;
the liquid discharge control valve is used for communicating a liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser with the refrigeration air-conditioning system; and
and the exhaust control valve is arranged at the gas outlet of the evaporative condenser.
5. The exhaust apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
the additional throttling device is arranged between a cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser and the refrigeration air-conditioning system;
the cold source outlet control valve is used for connecting a cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser to a liquid inlet of the ejector;
and the liquid discharge control valve is used for connecting a liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser to a liquid inlet of the ejector, so that the liquid refrigerant separated in the evaporative condenser can be led back to the refrigeration air-conditioning system through the ejector.
6. The exhaust apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
and the high-pressure source control valve is arranged between the high-pressure source inlet of the ejector and the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
7. The exhaust apparatus according to claim 1,
the exhaust device forms a closed system with the refrigeration system of the refrigeration air-conditioning system itself.
8. A refrigeration air conditioning system comprising:
an evaporator comprising an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet;
a compressor including a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, the compressor inlet in communication with the evaporator outlet;
a condenser comprising a condenser inlet and a condenser outlet, the condenser inlet in communication with the compressor outlet;
the throttling device comprises a throttling device inlet and a throttling device outlet, the throttling device inlet is communicated with the condenser outlet, and the throttling device outlet is communicated with the evaporator inlet;
an exhaust apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser is in communication with the condenser and the liquid outlet of the evaporative condenser is in communication with the low pressure side of the refrigeration air conditioning system.
9. The refrigerated air conditioning system of claim 8,
and the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser is connected to the top of the condenser so as to communicate the mixed gas inlet of the evaporative condenser with the condenser.
10. The refrigerated air conditioning system of claim 8,
a cold source inlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with an outlet of the throttling device; and is
And a cold source outlet of the evaporative condenser is communicated with the compressor inlet or the evaporator.
11. A method of venting non-condensable gases in a refrigerated air conditioning system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises:
an evaporative condensation process in which a mixed gas composed of a gaseous refrigerant and a non-condensable gas in a condenser of the refrigeration and air-conditioning system is introduced to a tube side/shell side of the evaporative condenser, and a cold source is introduced to a shell side/tube side of the evaporative condenser, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the mixed gas is condensed into a liquid refrigerant by the evaporative condenser, and the non-condensable gas is separated from the mixed gas;
a liquid discharging process, in which the liquid refrigerant separated by the evaporative condenser is discharged into a low-pressure side of the refrigeration air-conditioning system; and
and an exhaust process, wherein the non-condensable gas separated by the evaporative condenser is exhausted.
12. The method of claim 11,
the cold source is a low-temperature refrigerant coming out of a throttling device of the refrigeration air-conditioning system.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710058660.9A CN108344214B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Exhaust device, refrigeration air-conditioning system and exhaust method of non-condensable gas |
| PCT/IB2018/050372 WO2018134789A1 (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2018-01-22 | Gas discharge device, refrigeration and air conditioning system, and method for discharging non-condensable gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710058660.9A CN108344214B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Exhaust device, refrigeration air-conditioning system and exhaust method of non-condensable gas |
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| CN110822774A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-02-21 | 麦克维尔空调制冷(武汉)有限公司 | Refrigerant purification system and heat exchange system comprising same |
| CN112334656A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2021-02-05 | 开利公司 | Membrane purging system |
| EP3891448A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2021-10-13 | Carrier Corporation | Enhanced refrigeration purge system |
| WO2020117762A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | Carrier Corporation | Enhanced refrigeration purge system |
| CN112334720A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2021-02-05 | 开利公司 | Enhanced refrigeration purification system |
| CN109682119B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2024-03-29 | 天津商业大学 | Evaporation coil pipe with efficient liquid separation function |
| CN110260436B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2023-09-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and air conditioning system control method |
| IT202000011326A1 (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-15 | Sime S R L | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LIMITING WORKING FLUID LOSSES IN A REFRIGERATING PLANT |
| CN111981628B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-03-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Simple and effective refrigerant separation and purification system, control method and air conditioning unit |
| JP7029025B1 (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-03-02 | 三菱電機ビルテクノサービス株式会社 | Refrigerant recovery system and refrigerant recovery method |
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| WO2018134789A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
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