CN108335769B - A kind of preparation method and products thereof of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and products thereof of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108335769B
CN108335769B CN201810139394.7A CN201810139394A CN108335769B CN 108335769 B CN108335769 B CN 108335769B CN 201810139394 A CN201810139394 A CN 201810139394A CN 108335769 B CN108335769 B CN 108335769B
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uranium dioxide
powder
molybdenum
rare earth
earth element
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CN108335769A (en
Inventor
程亮
张鹏程
高瑞
杨振亮
李冰清
贾建平
刘朋闯
段丽美
刘徐徐
钟毅
黄奇奇
王志毅
刘彤
黄华伟
孙茂州
马赵丹丹
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China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Institute of Materials of CAEP
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China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Institute of Materials of CAEP
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C21/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
    • G21C21/02Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/42Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
    • G21C3/58Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
    • G21C3/62Ceramic fuel
    • G21C3/623Oxide fuels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/42Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
    • G21C3/58Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
    • G21C3/62Ceramic fuel
    • G21C3/626Coated fuel particles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of reticular structure uranium dioxide/molybdenum compound fuel ball preparation methods and products thereof, it is therefore intended that solves the deficiency that current uranium dioxide withholds performance as heating conduction existing for light water reactor nuclear fuel, fission product.The present invention adds the tiny molybdenum powder that core is had excellent performance by obtaining the subsphaeroidal rare earth element of large scale to uranium dioxide raw material powder modification, using low energy ball mill powder mixing method, changes distribution of the molybdenum powder in uranium dioxide matrix;During being somebody's turn to do, tiny molybdenum powder uniform adhesion forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element in rare earth element surface, and uranium dioxide still keeps original size and shape;Finally, applying charge plasma sintering one-step shaping technology, the passage of heat micro-structure that " continuous net-shaped " molybdenum is formed around uranium dioxide crystal grain significantly improves the thermophysical property of uranium dioxide, while the performance withheld in the fission product for enhancing uranium dioxide to a certain degree.

Description

A kind of preparation method of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum and its Product
Technical field
The present invention relates to material and energy field, especially powdered metallurgical material field, specially a kind of reticular structure two The preparation method and products thereof of the compound fuel ball of urania/molybdenum.More specifically the present invention provides a kind of reticular structure dioxy Change the low-temperature rapid preparation method of the compound fuel ball of uranium/molybdenum, and the product using this method preparation.
Background technique
As " core " of nuclear power plant reactor, the performance of nuclear fuel element and material reflects the safety of nuclear energy, warp Ji property and advance.In the development course in more than 50 years of nuclear reactor, uranium dioxide nuclear fuel is due to fusing point height (2865 DEG C), the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of non-fissile composite component oxygen it is low (< 0.0002b), chemistry and configuration aspects it is with higher Irradiation stability, and the advantages that manufacturing expense is lower, it is the widely applied nuclear fuel in light-water reactor station power station.
However, the significant drawback of uranium dioxide nuclear fuel is that poor (room temperature and 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivities are respectively 7.5 to heating conduction W/m.K and 2.8 W/m.K), only metallic uranium ten part.In March, 2011, Fukushima, Japan nuclear power plant accident, from safety Property angle has highlighted the disadvantage of uranium dioxide nuclear fuel lower thermal conductivity again.
Based on the low intrinsic thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide, when uranium dioxide fuel ball is on active service in heap, inside forms high Radial symmetry gradient (2000 ~ 4000 DEG C/cm), generate larger thermal stress and crackle;Under high burnup, Yi Zengjia fission gas Rate of release, and high central temperature can accelerate fission gas to discharge, and form bubble, lead to fuel void swelling, limit The service efficiency of uranium dioxide nuclear fuel and service life.Meanwhile the heating conduction that uranium dioxide is poor, it also reduces fuel pellet and arrives Energy delivery efficiency between coolant.Thus, it is possible to think, the thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide nuclear fuel is directly linked the peace of nuclear power station Full property and economy.
In this regard, to promote intrinsic safety of the nuclear reactor under the economy and accident under normality operating condition, there is an urgent need to A kind of method for improving uranium dioxide nuclear fuel heating conduction, fission product withholding performance is developed, to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: for current uranium dioxide as heating conduction existing for light water reactor nuclear fuel, Fission product withholds the deficiency of performance, provide a kind of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum preparation method and Its product.The present invention is added by obtaining the subsphaeroidal rare earth element of large scale to uranium dioxide raw material powder modification Add the tiny molybdenum powder that core is had excellent performance, using low energy ball mill powder mixing method, changes distribution of the molybdenum powder in uranium dioxide matrix State;During being somebody's turn to do, tiny molybdenum powder uniform adhesion forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element in rare earth element surface, and Uranium dioxide still keeps original size and shape;Finally, applying charge plasma sintering one-step shaping technology, in titanium dioxide The passage of heat micro-structure of " continuous net-shaped " molybdenum is formed around uranium crystal grain, this micro-structure significantly improves the thermal conductivity of uranium dioxide It can and enhance the ability that uranium dioxide withholds fission product;Meanwhile the addition of molybdenum reduces uranium dioxide to a certain extent Linear expansion coefficient, can effectively postpone air gap closing time, the mechanics of fuel and involucrum is delayed to interact, further be promoted anti- The safety under accident conditions should be piled up.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum, includes the following steps:
(1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is cold-pressed preform
Uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into mold, cold pressing preform is carried out, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding;
(2) grinding is broken
Uranium dioxide blank prepared by step 1 carries out grinding and is crushed, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened;
(3) self-grind nodularization
The uranium dioxide particle of the roughening of step 2 is put into ball mill, self-grind nodularization is carried out, it is micro- to obtain uranium dioxide Ball;
(4) powder coats
By the rare earth element of step (3) preparation, molybdenum powder by being put into ball mill, and it is filled with inert gas shielding, into Row low energy mixes powder, and during low energy mixes powder, molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, and it is micro- to form molybdenum powder cladding uranium dioxide Ball;
(5) discharge plasma is sintered one-step shaping
The molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder of step (4) preparation is fitted into graphite jig, plasma discharging is carried out Body sinter molding;
(6) demoulding is handled
After the uranium dioxide material of step (5) discharge plasma sinter molding is demoulded;
In the step (4), rare earth element, molybdenum powder volume ratio be (80-98): (2-20).
In the step 1, being cold-pressed preformed pressure is 100MPa~600MPa, dwell time 0.5min~20min.
In the step 1, uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into sintered-carbide die, carries out cold pressing preform, demoulding, system Obtain uranium dioxide blank.
In the step 2, grinds broken uranium dioxide particle and cross metallic sieve having a size of 10 mesh ~ 180 mesh.
In the step 2, grinding is broken in uranium dioxide blank agate Yan Portland prepared by step 1, crosses different meshes The metallic sieve of range, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened.
In the step 3, drum's speed of rotation be 150r/min ~ 350r/min, the nodularization time be 4 ~ for 24 hours, be not added in the process Enter any abrasive media and abrading-ball.
In the step 3, the uranium dioxide particle of roughening prepared by step 2 is fitted into nylon tank, any grinding is not added Medium and abrading-ball carry out self-grind nodularization on horizontal ball mill, cross metallic sieve, obtain rare earth element.
In the step 4, the particle size range of molybdenum powder is 0.08 μm ~ 15 μm, rare earth element, molybdenum powder volume ratio be (80-98): (2-20), drum's speed of rotation are 80r/min ~ 250r/min, and the powder mixing cladding time is 0.5h ~ 10h, is not added and appoints What abrasive media and abrading-ball.
In the step 4, the rare earth element of step (3) preparation, tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into according to the ratio in nylon tank, Any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded is not added, low energy ball mill is carried out on horizontal ball mill and mixes powder, in the process carefully Small molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
In the step 5, the temperature of the in vitro sinter molding such as electric discharge is 1000 DEG C ~ 1650 DEG C, soaking time be 0.5min ~ 30min, vacuum degree are 5 × 10-2Pa ~ 15Pa。
In the step 6, the uranium dioxide material of step (5) discharge plasma sinter molding is carried out at jacket removing Reason, and the uranium dioxide pellet being machined as required size.
Using product prepared by aforementioned preparation process.
For foregoing problems, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of reticular structure uranium dioxide/compound fuel ball of molybdenum Method and products thereof.The preparation method includes the following steps: uranium dioxide raw material powder cold pressing preform, grinds broken, self-grind ball Change, powder cladding, discharge plasma are sintered one-step shaping etc..
In the present invention, uranium dioxide raw material powder is subjected to cold pressing preform first, cold pressing blank is ground in agate after demoulding It is broken that grinding is carried out in Portland, after crossing different meshes range metallic sieve, the uranium dioxide particle after being roughened.After roughening Uranium dioxide particle is fitted into nylon tank, and self-grind nodularization is carried out on horizontal ball mill, is added without any grinding medium in the process Matter and abrading-ball, obtain rare earth element.Wherein, cold pressing preform pressure is 100MPa~600MPa, dwell time 0.5min ~20min;It grinds broken uranium dioxide particle and crosses metallic sieve having a size of 10 mesh ~ 180 mesh.During self-grind, ball milling The revolving speed of machine be 150r/min ~ 350r/min, the nodularization time be 4 ~ for 24 hours.
Rare earth element after nodularization and tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into nylon tank, are added without according to the volume ratio of setting Any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded carry out low energy on horizontal ball mill and mix powder.During low energy mixes powder, Tiny molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
Further, the particle size range of molybdenum powder is 0.08 μm ~ 15 μm, and uranium dioxide and molybdenum powder volume ratio are (80-98): (2- 20), drum's speed of rotation is 80r/min ~ 250r/min, and the powder mixing cladding time is 0.5h ~ 10h.
Then, the mixing coated powder of preparation is fitted into graphite jig, carries out discharge plasma sinter molding.It will be at After sample removing mold after type, uranium dioxide fuel ball sample after dimensioned.Sintering temperature is in vitro for electric discharge etc. 1000 DEG C ~ 1650 DEG C, soaking time is 0.5min ~ 30min, and vacuum degree is 5 × 10-2Pa ~ 15Pa.Discharge plasma sintering Sample after molding, is demoulded, to get uranium dioxide fuel ball sample after dimensioned.
Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 8 gives measurement result figure of the invention.As can be seen that molybdenum powder and rare earth element form core (uranium dioxide)-shell (molybdenum powder) mixed powder, wherein the mode of action of molybdenum powder and rare earth element shows as physical absorption (table Face, such as point 2, point 4, see Fig. 4 and Fig. 6) and mechanical snap (insertion, such as point 3, point 1, see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5) pass through discharge plasma After sintering, the uranium dioxide fuel ball sample of preparation is showed themselves in that around uranium dioxide crystal grain in microstructure as " even Continue netted " passage of heat of molybdenum, this micro-structure can be obviously improved macroscopical heating conduction of uranium dioxide, enhance uranium dioxide Fission product withholds performance.Molybdenum maximizes the effect that uranium dioxide thermal conductivity enhances.And the addition of molybdenum is to a certain extent The linear expansion coefficient of uranium dioxide is reduced, air gap closing time can be effectively postponed, delays mechanics phase interaction of the fuel with involucrum With further safety of the promotion reactor under accident conditions.
Using the present invention, the introducing of impurity during mixed powder can be greatly reduced, there is raising efficiency, reduce energy consumption, shorten Period simplifies the advantages such as technique, and quickly and efficiently obtaining has the enhanced uranium dioxide fuel ball of thermal conductivity, and it is anti-to promote core The intrinsic safety under the economy and accident under normality operating condition should be piled up.The enhanced uranium dioxide of thermal conductivity prepared by the present invention Pellet can be used as the candidate nuclear fuel and the fault-tolerant nuclear fuel of accident of light-water nuclear reactor, have potential application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is rare earth element pictorial diagram prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that molybdenum prepared by the present invention coats rare earth element surface topography map.
Fig. 3 is the scanning figure of first vegetarian refreshments 1 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the scanning figure of first vegetarian refreshments 2 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the scanning figure of first vegetarian refreshments 3 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the scanning figure of first vegetarian refreshments 4 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is the thermal conductivity test sample pictorial diagram of the compound fuel ball of uranium dioxide/molybdenum.
Fig. 8 is the micro-structure diagram of the compound fuel ball of uranium dioxide/molybdenum prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the element surface scan figure of the compound fuel ball of uranium dioxide/molybdenum prepared by the present invention.
Figure 10 is the label figure carried out based on Fig. 9 element Surface scan result.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification unless specifically stated can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other Alternative features are replaced.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics ?.
Embodiment 1
1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into sintered-carbide die, carries out cold pressing preform, be cold-pressed preformed pressure For 100MPa, dwell time 20min, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding.
2) it will grind and be crushed in the uranium dioxide blank agate Yan Portland of preparation, and cross 40 mesh ~ 180 mesh metallic sieves, obtain To the uranium dioxide particle of roughening.
3) the uranium dioxide particle after roughening is fitted into nylon tank, any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added, in horizontal ball Self-grind nodularization is carried out on grinding machine, removes corner angle, drum's speed of rotation 150r/min, and the nodularization time is for 24 hours.In the process, it is not added Enter any abrasive media and abrading-ball.After ball milling, 40 mesh ~ 180 mesh metallic sieves are crossed, rare earth element is obtained.Less than 40 purposes Uranium dioxide particle continues grinding and is crushed, and after the powder collection greater than 180 mesh, is cold-pressed preform.
4) rare earth element prepared by step 3, tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into nylon tank by volume fraction 98:2;Its In, molybdenum powder particle size range is 0.08 ~ 0.2 μm, any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded is not added, in horizontal ball mill Upper progress low energy ball mill mixes powder, and drum's speed of rotation 80r/min, the powder mixing cladding time is 10h.It is tiny during being somebody's turn to do Molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
5) molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder prepared by step 4 is fitted into graphite jig, carries out plasma discharging Body sinter molding, sintering temperature are 1000 DEG C, dwell time 20min, pressure 30MPa, vacuum degree 15Pa.
6) the sintered material of discharge plasma is subjected to demoulding processing, after dimensioned, obtains uranium dioxide fuel Pellet sample.
After measured, sample manufactured in the present embodiment promotes 28% compared with standard uranium dioxide pellet thermal conductivity, line expansion system 5.2%(1000 DEG C of number decline).
Embodiment 2
1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into sintered-carbide die, carries out cold pressing preform, be cold-pressed preformed pressure For 350MPa, dwell time 5min, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding.
2) it grinds and is crushed in the uranium dioxide blank agate Yan Portland for preparing step 1, and cross 18 mesh ~ 50 mesh metallic screens Net, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened.
3) the uranium dioxide particle after roughening is fitted into nylon tank, any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added, in horizontal ball Self-grind nodularization is carried out on grinding machine, removes corner angle, drum's speed of rotation 200r/min, and the nodularization time is 18h.In the process, it is not added Enter any abrasive media and abrading-ball.After ball milling, 18 mesh ~ 50 mesh metallic sieves are crossed, rare earth element is obtained.Less than 18 purposes two Urania particle continues grinding and is crushed, and after the powder collection greater than 50 mesh, is cold-pressed preform.
4) rare earth element prepared by step 3, tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into nylon tank by volume fraction 95:5;Its In, molybdenum powder particle size range is 0.5 μm ~ 2 μm, any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded is not added, in horizontal ball mill Upper progress low energy ball mill mixes powder, and drum's speed of rotation 120r/min, the powder mixing cladding time is 8h.It is tiny during being somebody's turn to do Molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
5) molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder prepared by step 4 is fitted into graphite jig, carries out plasma discharging Body sinter molding, sintering temperature are 1300 DEG C, dwell time 10min, pressure 30MPa, vacuum degree 1.0Pa.
6) the sintered material of discharge plasma is subjected to demoulding processing, after dimensioned, obtains uranium dioxide fuel Pellet sample.
After measured, sample manufactured in the present embodiment promotes 49% compared with standard uranium dioxide pellet thermal conductivity, line expansion system 8.6%(1000 DEG C of number decline).
Embodiment 3
1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into sintered-carbide die, carries out cold pressing preform, be cold-pressed preformed pressure For 600MPa, dwell time 0.5min, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding.
2) it grinds and is crushed in the uranium dioxide blank agate Yan Portland for preparing step 1, and cross 10 mesh ~ 40 mesh metallic screens Net, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened.
3) the uranium dioxide particle after roughening is fitted into nylon tank, any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added, in horizontal ball Self-grind nodularization is carried out on grinding machine, removes corner angle, drum's speed of rotation 350r/min, and the nodularization time is 4h.In the process, it is added without Any abrasive media and abrading-ball.After ball milling, 10 mesh ~ 40 mesh metallic sieves are crossed, rare earth element is obtained.Less than the dioxy of 10 mesh Change uranium particle continues grinding and is crushed, and after the powder collection greater than 40 mesh, is cold-pressed preform.
4) rare earth element prepared by step 3, tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into nylon tank by volume fraction 85:15;Its In, molybdenum powder particle size range is 5 μm ~ 15 μm, any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded is not added, on horizontal ball mill It carries out low energy ball mill and mixes powder, drum's speed of rotation 250r/min, the powder mixing cladding time is 0.5h.It is tiny during being somebody's turn to do Molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
5) molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder prepared by step 4 is fitted into graphite jig, carries out plasma discharging Body sinter molding, sintering temperature are 1650 DEG C, dwell time 0.5min, pressure 50MPa, and vacuum degree is 5 × 10-2Pa 。
6) the sintered material of discharge plasma is subjected to demoulding processing, after dimensioned, obtains uranium dioxide fuel Pellet sample.
After measured, sample manufactured in the present embodiment promotes 98% compared with standard uranium dioxide pellet thermal conductivity, line expansion system 16.7%(1000 DEG C of number decline).
Embodiment 4
1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into sintered-carbide die, carries out cold pressing preform, be cold-pressed preformed pressure For 450MPa, dwell time 2.5min, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding.
2) it grinds and is crushed in the uranium dioxide blank agate Yan Portland for preparing step 1, and cross 30 mesh ~ 80 mesh metallic screens Net, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened.
3) the uranium dioxide particle after roughening is fitted into nylon tank, any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added, in horizontal ball Self-grind nodularization is carried out on grinding machine, removes corner angle, drum's speed of rotation 180r/min, and the nodularization time is for 24 hours.In the process, it is not added Enter any abrasive media and abrading-ball.After ball milling, 30 mesh ~ 80 mesh metallic sieves are crossed, rare earth element is obtained.Less than 30 purposes two Urania particle continues grinding and is crushed, and after the powder collection greater than 80 mesh, is cold-pressed preform.
4) rare earth element prepared by step 3, tiny molybdenum powder are fitted into nylon tank by volume fraction 80:20;Its In, molybdenum powder particle size range is 1 μm ~ 5 μm, any abrasive media and abrading-ball, and argon filling gas shielded is not added, on horizontal ball mill It carries out low energy ball mill and mixes powder, drum's speed of rotation 200r/min, the powder mixing cladding time is 2h.During being somebody's turn to do, tiny molybdenum Powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element.
5) molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder prepared by step 4 is fitted into graphite jig, carries out plasma discharging Body sinter molding, sintering temperature are 1450 DEG C, dwell time 5min, pressure 350MPa, and vacuum degree is 5 × 10-1Pa 。
6) the sintered material of discharge plasma is subjected to demoulding processing, after dimensioned, obtains uranium dioxide fuel Pellet sample.
After measured, sample manufactured in the present embodiment promotes 128% compared with standard uranium dioxide pellet thermal conductivity, line expansion Coefficient declines 19.6%(1000 DEG C).
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of reticular structure uranium dioxide/molybdenum compound fuel ball preparation method, which is characterized in that including walking as follows It is rapid:
(1) uranium dioxide raw material powder is cold-pressed preform
Uranium dioxide raw material powder is fitted into mold, cold pressing preform is carried out, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding;
(2) grinding is broken
Uranium dioxide blank prepared by step (1) is carried out grinding to be crushed, the uranium dioxide particle being roughened;
(3) self-grind nodularization
The uranium dioxide particle of the roughening of step (2) preparation is fitted into nylon tank, any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added, sleeping Self-grind nodularization is carried out on formula ball mill, is crossed metallic sieve, is obtained rare earth element;Wherein, drum's speed of rotation 150r/ Min~350r/min, the nodularization time be 4~for 24 hours;
(4) powder coats
By the rare earth element of step (3) preparation, molybdenum powder by being put into ball mill, and it is filled with inert gas shielding, carried out low Powder can be mixed, during low energy mixes powder, molybdenum powder is adhered to rare earth element surface, forms molybdenum powder and coats rare earth element;
(5) discharge plasma is sintered one-step shaping
The molybdenum powder cladding rare earth element powder of step (4) preparation is fitted into graphite jig, discharge plasma burning is carried out Form type, forms the passage of heat micro-structure of " continuous net-shaped " molybdenum around uranium dioxide crystal grain;Wherein, the in vitro sintering such as electric discharge Molding temperature is 1000 DEG C~1650 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.5min~30min, and vacuum degree is 5 × 10-2Pa~15Pa;
(6) demoulding is handled
After the uranium dioxide material of step (5) discharge plasma sinter molding is demoulded;
In the step (4), rare earth element, molybdenum powder volume ratio be (80-98): (2-20).
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), being cold-pressed preformed pressure is 100MPa~600MPa, dwell time 0.5min~20min.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (1), uranium dioxide raw material powder is filled Enter in sintered-carbide die, carry out cold pressing preform, uranium dioxide blank is made in demoulding.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2), grind broken titanium dioxide Uranium particle crosses metallic sieve having a size of 10 mesh~180 mesh.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step (2), by the two of step (1) preparation It grinds and is crushed in urania blank agate Yan Portland, cross the metallic sieve of different meshes range, the uranium dioxide being roughened Grain.
6. described in any item preparation methods according to claim 1~5, which is characterized in that in the step (4), the grain of molybdenum powder Diameter range be 0.08 μm~15 μm, rare earth element, molybdenum powder volume ratio be (80-98): (2-20), drum's speed of rotation are 80r/min~250r/min, the powder mixing cladding time is 0.5h~10h, and any abrasive media and abrading-ball is not added.
7. using product prepared by any one of preceding claims 1~5 preparation method.
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CN109979610B (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-11-24 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 Double-component co-doped thermodynamic enhancement type uranium dioxide fuel pellet and preparation method thereof
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