CN108333043A - A kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor - Google Patents

A kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108333043A
CN108333043A CN201711339987.XA CN201711339987A CN108333043A CN 108333043 A CN108333043 A CN 108333043A CN 201711339987 A CN201711339987 A CN 201711339987A CN 108333043 A CN108333043 A CN 108333043A
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China
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fbg sensor
crack
real
composite repair
analysis
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CN201711339987.XA
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Inventor
石志想
刘元海
张辰玉
袁猛
张莹颖
张登
朱利敏
王浩伟
张吉琴
陈锐
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0066Propagation of crack
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor, includes the following steps, step 1:Selection experiment part;Step 2:Structure mechanics analysis, the stressing conditions at analysis sample coupon both ends are carried out to sample coupon;Step 3:According to FEM Numerical Simulation on aluminium alloy sheet (2A12 thin plates) paving FBG sensor;Step 4:The aluminium alloy sheet for posting FBG sensor after composite repair is mounted on fatigue tester and carries out fatigue crack propagation test;Step 5:It analyzes crack tip and wavelength situation of change after FBG sensor is installed;Step 6:Repeat step 15.The present invention is monitored in real time with On Crack Propagation process, more intuitive effective compared with other methods.In addition the fiber Bragg grating sensor that the present invention uses has many advantages, such as that small, high sensitivity, electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, reliability is high and composite material good compatibility.

Description

A kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural health monitoring technology fields, and in particular to a kind of composite material based on FBG sensor is repaiied Mend structural crack method of real-time.
Background technology
The use of aluminum alloy materials is very extensive in aeronautic structure metal material, the cracked carry out composite material of aluminium alloy After repairing, crackle there is no disappearing, ask by the monitoring for crack propagation after aluminium alloy damaged structure composite repair at present Topic, still without a kind of very ripe monitoring method.Once it is cracked to repair structure, if cannot carry out effectively monitoring meeting Cause extremely serious consequence.
The Strain Distribution at composite repair structural crack tip has apparent uneven characteristic, when FBG sensor exists When on its axial length direction by heterogeneous strain, the wavelength of reflectance spectrum can change.And strain gradient is different, light Spectrum wavelength variation degree is different.Composite repair structure position to be monitored is simplified, and carries out finite element analysis and obtains difference Strain Distribution under crack length determines therefrom that the layout of sensor, arranges that several sensors, extraction are anti-along direction of crack propagation The characteristic parameter for penetrating spectrum change establishes wavelength change and the quantitative relationship of crack extending length, to realize in crack propagation When crackle real-time monitoring.
Structural health monitoring technology is and traditional as a kind of technology by intelligence sensor monitoring of structures health status The function that real time on-line monitoring may be implemented is compared in non-destructive testing.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention propose a kind of function that real time on-line monitoring may be implemented based on The composite repair structural crack method of real-time of FBG sensor.
The present invention is a kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor, this crackle Propagation direction it is vertical with the direction of principal stress.
A kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor of the present invention, steps are as follows:
Step 1:Selection experiment part prefabricated centre bore and is split in sample coupon central area in the prefabricated predetermined length in hole edge both sides Line;
Step 2:Structure mechanics analysis carried out to sample coupon, the stressing conditions at analysis sample coupon both ends, and to sample coupon into Row Finite Element Simulation Analysis determines the stress distribution situation of the crack tip region under the crack propagation to specific length;
Step 3:According to FEM Numerical Simulation on aluminium alloy sheet (2A12 thin plates) paving FBG sensor, specially With paving FBG sensor in direction of crack propagation vertical direction, and composite panels paving solidification is carried out;
Step 4:It is enterprising that the aluminium alloy sheet for posting FBG sensor after composite repair is mounted on fatigue tester Row fatigue crack propagation test acquires the original wavelength of FBG sensor as initial signal before fatigue tester load;
With the progress of fatigue loading, fatigue crack starts to extend, and observes crack propagation feelings by crack propagation instrument at this time Condition, and crack extending length when recording different cycle-indexes, while the letter of FBG sensor acquisition is recorded by software in real time Number;
Step 5:After completing experiment, the signal data of FBG sensor acquisition is handled, and is measured with crack propagation instrument Crack extending length compared, analysis crack tip installation FBG sensor after wavelength situation of change;
Step 6:Step 1-5 is repeated, and is analyzed for the collected response signal of FBG sensor under various sample, The method established in verification step 5;
Step 7:Realize the real-time monitoring of crackle;During actual monitoring, according to different location FBG sensor wavelength change Situation is different, differentiates whether crackle expands to the sensing station, realizes the function of real-time monitoring crack spread scenarios.
Wherein, in step 1 it is described " Selection experiment part, and sample coupon is designed, it is pre- in sample coupon central area Centre bore processed and in the prefabricated predetermined length crackle in hole edge both sides ", way is as follows:Aviation is selected often to use plank 2A12 aluminium alloy plates For thin plate as test material, experimental design is small template, and specification 350mm*80mm*3mm sprouts in order to cracked faster The phenomenon that raw and extension, in the centre bore of the centrally disposed certain 0.2mm~0.5mm diameters of plate, and using wire cutting Crackle 15mm~25mm of the mode in the prefabricated certain length in centre bore both sides.
The method of real-time can extend and repair structure again by composite repair structural crack under loading conditions Validity and sensor wavelength can mutate when passing through FBG sensor according to crackle when stand under load characteristic, become by wavelength Change value carrys out monitoring crack extension length.Its major advantage is as follows:(1) since fiber Bragg grating sensor is with light, electric It the advantages that insulation, corrosion-resistant and composite material compatibility, is used widely in monitoring structural health conditions field.We The crackle of composite repair Al-alloy parts is monitored using fiber Bragg grating sensor, passes through reflectance spectrum center Drift value monitoring crack expanding location/length of wavelength.Compared with other are to crackle monitoring method, which has better Application prospect;(2) proposition is a kind of is changed based on FBG sensor reflection wavelength come the method for monitoring crack length/position, this side Method can in real time be monitored with On Crack Propagation process, be a kind of more intuitively having based on optics itself compared with other methods The physical monitoring method of effect.In addition fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg grating, the FBG) sensing that the present invention uses Utensil has the advantages that small, high sensitivity, electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, reliability is high and composite material good compatibility, extensively It is general to be applied to the fields such as aerospace, naval vessel industry, ocean platform, civil engineering and engineering in medicine.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for the invention flow chart;
Fig. 2 is testpieces specification schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is fibre optical sensor arrangement schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is paving FBG sensor repair piece schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is optical fiber wavelength change when crackle passes through fiber position.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and embodiment present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment:
The present invention is a kind of Method for Cracks based on fiber Bragg grating sensor spectral signature, flow such as Fig. 1 It is shown, it is as follows:
Step 1:Selection experiment part, and sample coupon is designed, specification 350mm*80mm*3mm, material 2A12 Aluminium alloy plate thin plate, the phenomenon that for faster cracked germinating with extension, in the prefabricated 0.2mm centre bores in plate central area, And the prefabricated predetermined length crackle in hole edge both sides be 20mm, by the way of wire cutting, as shown in Figure 2;
Step 2:Structure mechanics analysis carried out to sample coupon, the stressing conditions at analysis sample coupon both ends, and to sample coupon into Row Finite Element Simulation Analysis determines the stress distribution situation of the crack tip region under the crack propagation to specific length;Limited It needs to determine that extraneous loading environment, such as relevant parameters such as load type and sample coupon material, elasticity modulus are clearly supervised before meta analysis The crack length etc. of survey;According to fixed experimental condition, Finite Element Simulation Analysis is carried out using ANSYS softwares to sample coupon, Obtain crack propagation to crack tip enclosure region when different length stress value;
Step 3:According to FEM Numerical Simulation on aluminium alloy sheet paving FBG sensor, FBG sensor paving direction It is vertical with direction of crack propagation, and composite panels paving solidification is carried out, FBG sensor is placed in composite panels and aluminium Between alloy, this example selects 4 FBG sensors, and 4#FBG sensors and centre bore away from arranging outward successively for 15mm, 3#, 2#, 1# Row, spacing 5mm, as shown in Figure 3;
Step 4:The aluminium alloy sheet for posting FBG sensor after the above progress composite repair is mounted on fatigue to try It tests and carries out fatigue crack propagation test on machine, before fatigue tester load, acquire the signal of FBG sensor as initial letter Number;With the progress of fatigue loading, fatigue crack starts to extend, and observes crack propagation situation by crack propagation instrument at this time, and Crack extending length when different cycle-indexes is recorded, while recording the wavelength of FBG sensor acquisition in real time by software;
Step 5:After completing experiment, the wavelength of FBG sensor acquisition is handled;Main Analysis handles FBG sensor Collected wavelength Value Data, and the crack extending length measured with crack propagation instrument is compared, analysis crack tip is just Wavelength situation of change after FBG sensor;
Step 6:Step 1-5 is repeated, and is analyzed for the collected response signal of FBG sensor under various sample, The method established in verification step 5;
Step 7:Realize the real-time monitoring of crackle;Determine crack tip just by FBG sensor position according to step 1-6 When, FBG sensor wavelength change threshold value, and by software, during actual monitoring, it is 5nm that corresponding wavelength threshold, which is arranged, It is different according to different location FBG sensor wavelength change situation, differentiate whether crackle expands to the sensing station, realizes real-time The function of monitoring crack spread scenarios, when crackle is by FBG sensor position, sensor wavelength value be original wavelength+ 5nm。
Present case supervises the crackle of composite repair structure according to above-mentioned fiber Bragg grating sensor in real time It surveys:The repair piece of paving FBG sensor is prepared using above-mentioned testpieces preparation process, as shown in Figure 4.
Determine cycle-index when crackle passes through fiber position when load, and cycle-index and cycle-index when is corresponding Wavelength value corresponded to, only illustrate by taking 3# in Fig. 4 as an example, when crack tip just passes through FBG sensor, wavelength occur Changing value is original wavelength+5nm, as shown in Figure 5.
The present invention can realize real time on-line monitoring of the technique for aircraft composite repairing aluminium alloy structure in stand under load, with experiment Based on data, the relational model of crackle and FBG sensor response signal characteristic parameter is established by theory analysis, and passes through reality Test the correctness of data verification method.The on-line monitoring that this method can be used for after aircraft repairing, can be assessed using FBG sensor The validity of composite panels under loaded state ensures Airplane Structure Durability, damage tolerance quality and safe to use, use The important means in service life.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor, it is characterised in that including as follows Step:
Step 1:Selection experiment part, the prefabricated centre bore and in the prefabricated predetermined crackle in hole edge both sides in sample coupon central area;
Step 2:Structure mechanics analysis, the stressing conditions at analysis sample coupon both ends are carried out to sample coupon, and are had to sample coupon The first simulation analysis of limit, determines the stress distribution situation of the crack tip region under the crack propagation to specific length;
Step 3:According to FEM Numerical Simulation on aluminium alloy sheet paving FBG sensor, specially and direction of crack propagation Paving FBG sensor in vertical direction, and carry out composite panels paving solidification;
Step 4:By the aluminium alloy sheet for posting FBG sensor after composite repair be mounted on fatigue tester on carry out it is tired Labor crack expansion test acquires the original wavelength of FBG sensor as initial signal before fatigue tester load;
With the progress of fatigue loading, fatigue crack starts to extend, and observes crack propagation situation by crack propagation instrument at this time, and Crack extending length when different cycle-indexes is recorded, while recording the signal of FBG sensor acquisition in real time by software;
Step 5:After completing experiment, the signal data of FBG sensor acquisition is handled, and is split with what crack propagation instrument measured Line extension length is compared, wavelength situation of change after analysis crack tip installation FBG sensor;
Step 6:Step 1-5 is repeated, and is analyzed for the collected response signal of FBG sensor under various sample, is verified The method established in step 5;
Step 7:Realize the real-time monitoring of crackle;
It is different according to different location FBG sensor wavelength change situation during actual monitoring, differentiate whether crackle expands to this Sensing station realizes the function of real-time monitoring crack spread scenarios.
2. the composite repair structural crack method of real-time according to claim 1 based on FBG sensor, special Sign is:Prefabricated centre bore aperture is 0.2mm~0.5mm in step 1.
3. the composite repair structural crack method of real-time according to claim 1 based on FBG sensor, special Sign is:Precrack length is 15mm~25mm in step 1.
4. the composite repair structural crack method of real-time according to claim 1 based on FBG sensor, special Sign is:Aluminum alloy thin material is 2A12 in step 2.
CN201711339987.XA 2017-12-14 2017-12-14 A kind of composite repair structural crack method of real-time based on FBG sensor Pending CN108333043A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109916741A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-06-21 昆明理工大学 A kind of composite impact crack detection algorithm based on optical fiber grating sensing
CN110807250A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-18 扬州大学 Crane health monitoring method based on sensitivity vector compromise and competition relationship
CN113514545A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-10-19 芜湖创联新材料科技有限公司 Aircraft composite structure health monitoring system
CN114923420A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-19 中南大学 Crack diagnosis method and system based on fiber Bragg grating and storage medium

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CN105842345A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-10 重庆邮电大学 Method for positioning structural multiple cracks through fiber Bragg grating sensor network
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CN105842345A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-10 重庆邮电大学 Method for positioning structural multiple cracks through fiber Bragg grating sensor network
CN106596255A (en) * 2016-11-18 2017-04-26 北京航空航天大学 Hole-edge crack diagnosis method based on optical fiber spectrum image analysis

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109916741A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-06-21 昆明理工大学 A kind of composite impact crack detection algorithm based on optical fiber grating sensing
CN110807250A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-18 扬州大学 Crane health monitoring method based on sensitivity vector compromise and competition relationship
CN110807250B (en) * 2019-10-22 2023-08-22 扬州大学 Crane health monitoring method based on sensitivity vector compromise and competition relationship
CN113514545A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-10-19 芜湖创联新材料科技有限公司 Aircraft composite structure health monitoring system
CN114923420A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-19 中南大学 Crack diagnosis method and system based on fiber Bragg grating and storage medium
CN114923420B (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-12-27 中南大学 Crack diagnosis method and system based on fiber Bragg grating and storage medium

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Application publication date: 20180727