CN108332696A - landslide monitoring method selection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a landslide monitoring method selection method, which is suitable for the problems of landslide monitoring method selection and optimization design. Meanwhile, a judgment matrix of different types of landslides about the monitoring indexes is constructed according to the deformation stage and the landslide hazard, and the priority sequence of the different types of landslides about the monitoring indexes is calculated. And calculating the priority sequence of different types of landslides for the monitoring method by combining the monitoring method and two types of judgment matrixes of the landslide type. According to the landslide monitoring method and the landslide monitoring system, the landslide monitoring method and the landslide type are classified, and the priorities of different types of landslides for different monitoring methods are calculated quantitatively, so that the blindness of selecting the monitoring method during landslide monitoring design is avoided, and the selection of the landslide monitoring method is more scientific.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of landslide monitoring method choice methods.
Background technology
China is vast in territory, complex geologic conditions, is in the world by one of landslide country the most serious nearly 30
Nian Lai, the geological disasters such as landslide that natural and mankind's activity induces are in aggravate trend year by year.Domestic and international general prevent and reduce natural disasters is arranged
It applies and is broadly divided into engineering control, resettlement evacuation and monitoring and warning.At this stage, people usually use remote sensing, field investigation, interior
The means such as outdoor experiment, field monitoring capture the information of Landslide Deformation, wherein most accurately obtaining the method for first-hand information just
It is to carry out landslide professional monitoring.The deformation behaviour and rule on landslide, the model of monitoring and prediction slumped mass are understood and grasped by monitoring
It encloses, scale, glide direction, unstability mode, time of origin and harmfulness, and takes Disaster Prevention Measures in time, so that it may with to greatest extent
Reduce and prevent caused loss of coming down in ground.Meanwhile monitoring result can also examine the conclusion that landslide Stability Analysis is evaluated
With the effect of landslide control engineering, thus monitoring be both SURVEYING OF LANDSLIDE, research and prevention and cure project important component and
A kind of effective means that landslide monitoring forecast information obtains.Currently, the selection of landslide monitoring method is all by subjective judgement,
Lack science, carries certain blindness.
Common landslide monitoring method has very much, and landslide ground displacement method has geodesic method, GPS monitorings system
System, Close Up Photogrammetry, remote sensing monitoring, three-dimensional laser scanning system, simple observation method；The side of the underground displacement that comes down monitoring
Method has borehole inclinometer monitoring, time domain reflectometry (Time Domain Reflectometry) etc..
In view of above-mentioned, the designer is actively subject to research and innovation, to found a kind of landslide monitoring method choice method,
Make it with more the utility value in industry.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quantitative landslide monitoring fitness-for-service assessment methods.
The technical method is by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), according to different distortion stage landslide and landslide, the monitoring of different earth's surfaces and
Six monitoring indexes of underground monitoring method set out, and quantitative calculates monitoring method preferred sequence.Ensure landslide monitoring method
Optimization design has specific aim, the purpose of the selection landslide monitoring method for being optimal.
Landslide monitoring method choice method of the present invention, including：
It is preferential in different deformation stages, the earth's surface monitoring method to be selected of landslide grade combined situation to establish landslide
Table of grading, monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected；
SURVEYING OF LANDSLIDE is carried out, landslide basic geology model is established, determines that the deformation stage on landslide and hazard rating are divided
Class；
Earth's surface monitoring or underground monitoring are carried out according to the deformation stage on the landslide to be monitored, landslide hierarchical selection；
The corresponding earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of inquiry or monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected, according to
The deformation stage on landslide to be monitored, the preceding monitoring method of landslide hierarchical selection priority.
Further, the earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected, to be selected is established using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP)
Underground monitoring method priority level table, wherein first, select different monitoring methods as destination layer；Secondly, monitoring method
Characteristic index extract as rule layer, concrete property index includes：Monitoring frequency Z1, monitoring accuracy Z2, monitoring cost
Six Z3, preliminary survey time Z4, monitoring the degree of automation Z5, environmental suitability Z6 aspects；Finally, using different measurement methods as
Solution layer carries out alternative.
Specifically, the deformation stage on landslide is divided into three phases, specifically included：The creeping deformation stage at the uniform velocity deforms rank
Section and acceleration deformation stage determine that the judgment matrix of the three phases distinguishes A1 (6)~A3 (6), expression formula is as follows：
The different hazard ratings on landslide by the extent of injury by weight to being gently divided into one to level Four, determine that four grades correspond to respectively
Four judgment matrix B1 (6)~B4 (6), expression formula is as follows：
By the deformation stage on landslide, hazard rating weighted sum, when obtaining while considering deformation stage and hazard rating
Judgment matrix CjWith its feature vector λjNamely consider to obtain 12 classes after three kinds of deformation stages and the combination of four class hazard ratings
The Matrix C on landslide1 (6)~C12 (6) and feature vector λ1To λ12, expression is as follows：
Cj (6)=α11*Ai (6)+α12*Bi (6)
Wherein：Cj (6)--- consider judgment matrix when landslide grade and deformation stage combine；
α11、α12--- it is respectively the weight of deformation stage and hazard rating, α11=α12=0.5；
The ground displacement method to be selected includes：Measurement method has geodesic method, close in ground displacement
Scape photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and simple observation method；
By the collection of Historical Monitoring instance data, each landslide ground displacement side to be selected is obtained using the method for statistics
Judgment matrix and its feature vector of the method about six characteristic index, expression are as follows：
Monitoring frequency：According to the speed of monitoring frequency give a mark, constitute six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about
The judgment matrix D of monitoring frequency1 (6)With its feature vector μ1It is as follows：
μ1Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
The weight size of measured frequency；
Monitoring accuracy：It is given a mark according to monitoring accuracy, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring essence
The judgment matrix D of degree2 (6)With its feature vector μ2It is as follows：
μ2Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of precision；
Monitoring cost：It is given a mark according to monitoring cost, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring essence
The judgment matrix D of degree3 (6)With its feature vector μ3It is as follows：
μ3Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of cost；
The preliminary survey time：It is given a mark according to the preliminary survey time, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring essence
The judgment matrix D of degree4 (6)With its feature vector μ4It is as follows：
μ4Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about first
Survey the weight size of time；
Monitor the degree of automation：Monitoring the degree of automation is divided into low and high two classifications, corresponds to 1-5 points and 6-9 respectively
Point；5 kinds of methods of high degree of automation installation manually-operated complexity of monitoring method is ranked up, from the difficult to the easy for
Remote sensing>Up short is observed and 3 D laser scanning>Geodesic method>GPS monitor, respectively correspond to 6,7,8,9 points；Thus structure
Judgment matrix D at six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy5 (6)With its feature vector μ5It is as follows：
μ5Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of the degree of automation；
Environmental suitability：Judgment matrix D of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy6 (6)And its
Feature vector μ6It is as follows：
μ6Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about ring
The weight size of border adaptability；
By feature vector μ1~μ6Combination forms six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index
Weight matrix Y(6)；
Calculate weight matrix Y(6)The Matrix C to come down respectively with 12 classes1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Multiply
Product is considered six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected when landslide grade and deformation stage combine simultaneously
Weight namely priority；Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, cunning
The earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of slope hazard rating combined situation；
The underground monitoring method to be selected includes：Borehole inclinometer and the reflection monitoring of landslide time domain；
Monitoring frequency：Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring frequency1 (2)With its feature vector ν1It is as follows：
Monitoring accuracy：Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring accuracy2 (6)With its feature vector ν2It is as follows：
Two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected are about monitoring cost, preliminary survey time, monitoring the degree of automation and environmental suitability
Judgment matrix, be E respectively3 (6)-E6 (6), feature vector is respectively ν3-ν6；
Judgment matrix (E of the solution layer about rule layer in underground displacement monitoring method computed above1 (2)-E6 (2)) and
Its feature vector (ν1-ν6), by ν1~ν6Combination forms six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected and refers to about six characteristics
Target weight matrix X.
Calculate Matrix Cs of the weight matrix X respectively with 12 classes landslide1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Product,
The weight of two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected when landslide grade and deformation stage combine, Ye Jiyou are considered simultaneously
First grade；Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, landslide grade
The monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected of combined situation.
Further, if landslide carried out monitoring, judge deformation stage by the Historical Monitoring data on landslide；If
Landslide did not carried out monitoring, then judged deformation stage by the deformation sign on landslide；Pass through landslide object and economic loss
Landslide grade is judged.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, landslide monitoring method choice method of the present invention has at least the following advantages：
By the way that landslide monitoring method and Landslides are classified and quantitatively calculate different type landslide for different prisons
The priority of survey method avoids the blindness chosen to monitoring method when landslide monitoring design, so that landslide monitoring
Method choice more science.
Above description is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and after coordinating attached drawing to be described in detail such as.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of landslide monitoring method choice method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is earth's surface monitoring hierarchy Model of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is earth's surface monitoring hierarchy Model of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is monitoring hierarchical structure in underground of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment landslide monitoring method choice method, including：
It is preferential in different deformation stages, the earth's surface monitoring method to be selected of landslide grade combined situation to establish landslide
Table of grading, monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected；
SURVEYING OF LANDSLIDE is carried out, landslide basic geology model is established, determines that the deformation stage on landslide and hazard rating are divided
Class；
Earth's surface monitoring or underground monitoring are carried out according to the deformation stage on the landslide to be monitored, landslide hierarchical selection；
The corresponding earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of inquiry or monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected, according to
The deformation stage on landslide to be monitored, the preceding monitoring method of landslide hierarchical selection priority.
The present embodiment, invention calculate priority ranking of the different monitoring methods about monitoring index.Meanwhile for landslide
The stage of deformation and landslide construct the pairwise comparison matrix that different type comes down about monitoring index, calculate not
The priority ranking that same type comes down about monitoring index.In conjunction with two class pairwise comparison matrix of monitoring method and Landslides,
Calculate priority ranking of the different type landslide for monitoring method.Landslide monitoring method is chosen no quantification and is commented at present
Valence is mostly by virtue of experience to choose monitoring method, the present invention by by landslide monitoring method and Landslides classification and quantitative scoring
Priority of the different type landslide for different monitoring methods is calculated, avoids carrying out selecting monitoring method when landslide monitoring design
The blindness taken, so that landslide monitoring method choice more science.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment landslide monitoring method choice method, on the basis of embodiment 1, using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP) into
Row landslide monitoring method applicability semi-quantitative assessment.The basic ideas of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are that different monitoring methods is selected to make first
For destination layer；Then the characteristic index of monitoring method is extract as rule layer；The monitoring of landslide monitoring distinct methods
It can be divided into different indexs, in terms of the monitoring method and instrument characteristic that the present invention is paid close attention to the most can be summarized as following six
Index, monitoring frequency C1, monitoring accuracy C2, monitoring cost C3, preliminary survey time C4, monitoring the degree of automation C5, environment adapt to
The C6 such as property.It is finally carried out using different measurement methods as solution layer alternative.Just landslide is in different deformation stages, cunning below
Earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected, the monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected of slope hazard rating combined situation carry out
Detailed analysis.
One, monitoring Classification of Landslides judges
1, classify according to the Landslide Deformation stage
Landslide is divided into and had carried out monitoring and had not carried out monitoring two classes.Having carried out the landslide of monitoring can lead to
It crosses monitoring data early period and judges the Landslide Deformation stage, and then monitoring optimizing is instructed to design；The landslide not being monitored need into
Judgement deformation stage is made an on-the-spot survey in the scene crossed in detail, is then monitored optimization design.
It is, in general, that the Landslide Deformation stage can be divided into three phases, creeping deformation stage, at the uniform velocity deformation stage and acceleration
Deformation stage (table 1).
1 Landslide Deformation divided stages of table
Specifically, the deformation stage on landslide is divided into three phases, specifically included：The creeping deformation stage at the uniform velocity deforms rank
Section and acceleration deformation stage determine that the judgment matrix of the three phases distinguishes A1 (6)~A3 (6), expression formula is as follows：
2, classify according to landslide
With reference to《Landslide control engineering geotechnical investigation code DZ/T 0218-2006》According to the potential warp for endangering object and harm
Landslide grade is divided into 4 grades (tables 2) by the difference of Ji loss.
Table 2 endangers object level division
According to table 2, four grades are corresponded into four judgment matrixs respectively, for hazard rating one to level Four construction rules layer
With the judgment matrix of destination layer, determine that four grades correspond to four judgment matrix B respectively1 (6)~B4 (6), expression formula is as follows：
By the deformation stage on landslide, hazard rating weighted sum, when obtaining while considering deformation stage and hazard rating
Judgment matrix CjWith its feature vector λjNamely consider to obtain 12 classes after three kinds of deformation stages and the combination of four class hazard ratings
The Matrix C on landslide1 (6)~C12 (6)With feature vector λ1To λ12, expression is as follows：
Cj (6)=α11*Ai (6)+α12*Bi (6)
Wherein：Cj (6)--- consider judgment matrix when landslide grade and deformation stage combine；
α11、α12--- it is respectively the weight of deformation stage and hazard rating, α11=α12=0.5；
Table 3 considers matrix calculation result when Landslide Deformation stage and hazard rating
Three, ground displacement
1, hierarchy Model is built
With the basic principle of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), landslide ground displacement measurement method will be chosen as destination layer；It will
Six characteristic indexs of measurement method are as rule layer；Using six kinds of measurement methods as solution layer, as shown in Figure 2.
2, construction judges matrix (in pairs relatively)
On the basis of establishing hierarchy Model, it is next just to determine the judgement scale of each level factor.And
By expert opinion combination comprehensive analysis, judgment matrix (positive reciprocal matrix) two-by-two is constructed.
(1) judgment matrix of the destination layer about rule layer
If will more each criterion C1, C2 ..., importance of the Cn to target O
(2) judgment matrix of the solution layer about rule layer
Measurement method has geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning in common ground displacement
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and simple observation method.The characteristics of each measurement method, differs, conventional level
What the direct reduced parameter value of measurement method was used is that 1-9 Scale Methods of subjective Santy provide (table in analytic approach
4).This method, which needs a large amount of experts to be given a mark, can just obtain relatively reasonable value, this project team is by largely monitoring reality
The foundation as expert estimation using the method for statistics is attempted in the collection of example.Ground displacement method characteristic statistics come down such as
Shown in table 5.
4 judgment matrix element a of tableij1-9 Scale Methods
| Scale | Meaning |
| 1 | It indicates that two factors are compared, there is no less important |
| 3 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is slightly more important than another factor |
| 5 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is obviously more important than another factor |
| 7 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is strongly more important than another factor |
| 9 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is more extremely important than another factor |
| 2、4、6、8 | The intermediate value of above-mentioned two adjacent judgement |
| It is reciprocal | Judgement as of the factor i compared with jij, then judgement as of the factor j compared with iji=1/aij |
The landslide of table 5 ground displacement measurement method characteristic statistics table
With reference to collecting statistical result and take the mode of expert estimation, it can be deduced that landslide ground displacement method
Judgment matrix of the above-mentioned six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index.
Monitoring frequency
By statistics it can be seen that the frequency range of this six kinds of monitoring methods is by soon to slow for minutes/time 5-86400, this hair
The bright marking for most simply observing monitoring frequency soon is 9, and the faster GPS monitorings marking of monitoring frequency is 7, and monitoring frequency is medium
Geodesic method and Close Up Photogrammetry give a mark 5 and 4 respectively, the most slow remote sensing monitoring of monitoring frequency and three-dimensional laser are swept
It is 1 to retouch method marking, is given a mark according to the speed of monitoring frequency, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about prison
The judgment matrix D of measured frequency1 (6)With its feature vector μ1It is as follows：
μ1Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
The weight size of measured frequency；
Monitoring accuracy
By statistics it can be seen that this six kinds of monitoring methods frequency accuracy be 1-500mm, the present invention by monitoring accuracy most
High 3 D laser scanning monitoring and geodesic method marking is 9, and the minimum remote sensing monitoring marking of monitoring accuracy is 1, monitoring essence
It is 5 to spend medium Close Up Photogrammetry, GPS monitoring methods and simple monitoring method and give a mark respectively.It is given a mark according to monitoring accuracy, structure
Judgment matrix D at six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy2 (6)With its feature vector μ2It is as follows：
μ2Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of precision；
Monitoring cost
By statistics it can be seen that the monitoring cost of this six kinds of monitoring methods is ten thousand yuan of 0.1-50, the present invention is by monitoring cost
Minimum simple observation marking is 9, and the lower Close Up Photogrammetry of monitoring cost and the marking of GPS monitoring methods are 7, monitoring essence
It is 5 to spend medium geodesic method and remote sensing monitoring method marking, and the highest 3 D laser scanning monitoring marking of monitoring cost is 1.
Constitute judgment matrix D of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy3 (6)With its feature vector μ3It is as follows：
μ3Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of cost；
The preliminary survey time
By statistics it can be seen that the time of coming into operation of this six kinds of monitoring methods is 0.3-144 hours, the present invention will be first
It is 9 to survey time shortest simple observation method and 3 D laser scanning marking, the shorter geodesic method of making time and GPS prisons
It is 7 to survey marking, and the longer Close Up Photogrammetry marking of making time is 3, and the time, longest remote sensing monitoring marking was 1.Thus
Constitute judgment matrix D of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy4 (6)With its feature vector μ4It is as follows：
μ4Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about first
Survey the weight size of time；
Monitor the degree of automation
One direction of monitoring method development at present is automation, much monitor (such as geodesic method, up short
Method, 3 D laser scanning, GPS monitorings and remote sensing monitoring) it can realize that monitoring is automated journey by automatic monitoring, the present invention
Degree is divided into low and high two classifications, corresponding respectively (1-5 points) and (6-9 points)；5 kinds of methods of high degree of automation are installed into prison
The manually-operated complexity of survey method is ranked up, and is from the difficult to the easy remote sensing>Up short is observed and 3 D laser scanning>
Geodesic method>GPS monitor, respectively correspond to 6,7,8,9 points.Thus six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected are constituted to close
In the judgment matrix D of monitoring accuracy5 (6)With its feature vector μ5It is as follows：
μ5Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about prison
Survey the weight size of the degree of automation；
Environmental suitability
Above-mentioned monitoring method is broadly divided into two classes from the point of view of environmental suitability, and a kind of monitoring method is adapted to entirely
The needs of weather monitoring；In addition a kind of method based on optical monitoring there are certain requirements sighting condition, and the present invention is by 6 kinds of sides
Method is ranked up the quality of environmental suitability, by good to bad respectively GPS and simple observation (9 points)>Remote sensing (7 points)>Three
Tie up laser scanning (5 points)>Up short (4 points)>Geodesic survey (1 point).Thus six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected
Judgment matrix D about monitoring accuracy6 (6)With its feature vector μ6It is as follows：
μ6Geodesic method, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning i.e. to be calculated by correlation matrix
Method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about ring
The weight size of border adaptability；
Judgment matrix (D of the solution layer about rule layer computed above1 (6)To D6 (6)), in conjunction with rule layer about mesh
The weight of each monitoring method can be calculated in the judgment matrix of mark layer, and foundation is provided for landslide monitoring Methods of optimization design.
3, Mode of Level Simple Sequence and its consistency check
In solution) matrix, Mode of Level Simple Sequence and consistency check are carried out, obtains the feature vector (weight) of each matrix.
4, total hierarchial sorting and its consistency check
Total hierarchial sorting and consistency check is normalized, obtain each index of lowermost layer (monitoring frequency, monitoring accuracy,
Monitoring cost, monitoring needs come into operation the time, monitoring the degree of automation and monitoring of environmental adaptability) to top target (
Table deformation monitoring method select) relative importance weights.
By feature vector μ1~μ6Combination forms six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index
Weight matrix Y(6)；
Calculate weight matrix Y(6)The Matrix C to come down respectively with 12 classes1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Multiply
Product is considered six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected when landslide grade and deformation stage combine simultaneously
Weight namely priority；Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, cunning
The earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of slope hazard rating combined situation；
Table 6 considers earth's surface monitoring calculation result when Landslide Deformation stage and hazard rating
Four, underground deformation monitors
1, hierarchy Model is built
With the basic principle of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), landslide underground displacement will be chosen and monitor measurement method as destination layer；It will
Six characteristic indexs of measurement method are as rule layer；Using six kinds of measurement methods as solution layer, as shown in Figure 4.
2, construction judges matrix (in pairs relatively)
Measurement method has borehole inclinometer and the reflection monitoring of landslide time domain, underground of coming down in common underground displacement monitoring
Displacement monitoring method characteristic statistics are as shown in table 7.
The landslide of table 7 underground displacement monitors measurement method characteristic statistics table
With reference to collecting statistical result and take the mode of expert estimation, it can be deduced that landslide ground displacement method
Judgment matrix of the above two method about six characteristic index.
8 judgment matrix element a of tableij1-9 Scale Methods
| Scale | Meaning |
| 1 | It indicates that two factors are compared, there is no less important |
| 3 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is slightly more important than another factor |
| 5 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is obviously more important than another factor |
| 7 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is strongly more important than another factor |
| 9 | Indicate that two factors are compared, a factor is more extremely important than another factor |
| 2、4、6、8 | The intermediate value of above-mentioned two adjacent judgement |
| It is reciprocal | Judgement as of the factor i compared with jij, then judgement as of the factor j compared with iji=1/aij |
Monitoring frequency
By statistics it can be seen that the frequency range of this two kinds of monitoring methods by being slowly minutes/time 5-30, passing through receipts soon
Set information can be seen that the monitoring frequency of borehole inclinometer in minutes/time 10-30, and the frequency of landslide time domain reflection monitoring is 5
Minute/time；Borehole inclinometer marking is 4 by the present invention, and the faster landslide time domain reflection monitoring marking of monitoring frequency is 9.By
This monitoring frequency：Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring frequency1 (2)With its feature vector ν1It is as follows：
Monitoring accuracy
By statistics it can be seen that the precision of this two kinds of monitoring methods is different, by data collection it can be seen that bore inclining
The monitoring accuracy of instrument is error per 15m measuring ranges within 4mm, i.e. 0.3mm/m；The essence of landslide time domain reflection monitoring
Degree is 1-5mm.Borehole inclinometer marking is 9 by the present invention, and the reflection monitoring marking of landslide time domain is 3.Thus monitoring accuracy：
Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring accuracy2 (6)With its feature vector ν2It is as follows：
From the monitoring cost of method, preliminary survey time, monitoring the degree of automation and environmental suitability, borehole inclinometer
It is substantially similar that two methods of monitoring are reflected with landslide time domain.This with the measuring principle of two methods be it is closely related, at present
Borehole inclinometer and the reflection monitoring of landslide time domain are drilled on gliding mass, and landslide-slip zone following certain depth is pierced
It is embedded to instrument later, therefore the preliminary survey time of two methods, all at 72-120 hours, this is to consider to drill when installing with instrument
Between after average time for providing；Probing work, instrument itself and mounting cost are had also contemplated in same monitoring cost, at present
The monitoring instrument price of two methods is different, but generally price difference is little, in the case where considering identical probing working condition at
This is close, and the estimated cost of two methods is respectively ten thousand yuan of 5-10；In terms of monitoring automation, both of which has full automatic
Instrument, therefore it is height to monitor the degree of automation all；In terms of monitoring of environmental adaptability, the working environment of two methods is all in drilling
Portion, working method are all then to dispose monitoring instrument in bore inner again using first drilling, therefore the monitoring ring of two methods
Border adaptability is also similar.To sum up,
Two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected are about monitoring cost, preliminary survey time, monitoring the degree of automation and environmental suitability
Judgment matrix, be E respectively3 (6)-E6 (6), feature vector is respectively ν3-ν6；
Judgment matrix (E of the solution layer about rule layer in underground displacement monitoring method computed above1 (2)-E6 (2)), then
The weight of each monitoring method can be calculated about the matrix of destination layer in conjunction with rule layer, optimize for landslide monitoring method
Design provides foundation.
3, Mode of Level Simple Sequence and its consistency check
Solve above-mentioned (E1 (2)-E6 (2)) matrix, carry out Mode of Level Simple Sequence and consistency check, obtain the feature of each matrix to
It measures (weight).
4, total hierarchial sorting and consistency check is normalized in total hierarchial sorting and its consistency check, obtains minimum
(monitoring frequency, monitoring accuracy, monitoring cost, monitoring needs come into operation time, monitoring the degree of automation and prison each index of layer
Survey environmental suitability) to the weights of the relative importance of top target (surface deformation monitoring method choice).
By ν1~ν6Combination forms weight matrix of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index
X。
Calculate Matrix Cs of the weight matrix X respectively with 12 classes landslide1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Product,
The weight of two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected when landslide grade and deformation stage combine, Ye Jiyou are considered simultaneously
First grade；Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, landslide grade
The monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected of combined situation.
Table 9 considers underground monitoring calculation result when Landslide Deformation stage and hazard rating
In conjunction with the result of calculation such as following table of earth's surface monitoring and underground monitoring method.
10 monitoring optimizing design calculation result of table
Embodiment one, yellow mud bar pedal bank landslide monitoring Methods of optimization design brief introduction
1.1, come down essential characteristic
Yellow mud bar pedals bank landslide and is located at the Changjiang river left bank tributary Zhuxi left bank, 10 groups of the Yunyang County Renhe Town villages Jian Qiang.Yellow mud bar
It is in arc-shaped to pedal bank landslide plane configuration, and for south and north flanks using coombe as boundary, double ditches are homologous to be intersected in upper back edge platform, preceding
Edge is demarcated as boundary with stack layer and basement rock, is flooded at present by Zhuxi due to Three-Gorges Reservoir slip mass leading edge portion, and landslide is whole
Body boundary condition is more clear.Slip mass leading edge elevation 135m, rear elevation 260m, height difference 125m.Slip mass main sliding direction
263 °, landslide is about 450m, wide about 400m, gliding mass average thickness 20m, and landslide area is 18 × 104m2, landslide volume about 360
×104m3。
Landslide Stability is affected by many factors, is broadly divided into two aspects of internal factor and external factor.Internal factor
Including geological structure, orographic condition, ground volume property etc.；External factor includes the effect (rainfall and Ku Shui), earthquake, people of water
Class engineering activity etc..Internal factor plays control action to Landslide Stability, and external factor often increases sliding force, leads to rock
Soil strength reduces and weakens skid resistance, the occurrence and development for promoting Landslide Deformation to destroy.
To sum up, landslide monitoring purpose is the stability on evaluation landslide, and progress early-warning and predicting is the service of preventing and reducing natural disasters.Landslide is
Middle level concordant landslide o earth slope, landslide Dynamic genesis are rainfall and Reservoir Water Level；Landslide is two level, is in and at the uniform velocity becomes
Shape stage, Landslide Deformation sign are apparent.
According to above-mentioned landslide essential characteristic, the present invention chooses earth's surface monitoring and two class monitoring method of rainfall monitoring.
1.2, landslide monitoring optimization design
1.2.1 deformation analysis
According to the previous monitoring data in the landslide, the present invention can be used Gray Correlation simply carry out Landslide Deformation influence because
Plain weight analysis.
Use Gray Correlation by extracting yellow mud bar stone steps bank landslide contribution factor, choose landslide it is upper it is representational before
Edge monitoring point YY025, the monitoring points YY028 at rear portion are available for the X ordered series of numbers data calculated.
Extreme value is made to data and equalization handling result obtains degree of association matrix：
When YY025 Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level
Sequence shows to influence maximum to be Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level amount on monitoring point YY025 displacements during Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level,
Followed by Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level rate, third, it is that degree is flooded on landslide to influence minimum to rainfall.
When YY028 Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level
It is rainfall, followed by library water that sequence, which shows that monitoring point YY028 Influence of Displacement is maximum during Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level,
Position slippage, third, it is that degree is flooded on landslide to influence minimum to Drawdown of Reservoir Water Level rate.
When YY025 reservoir levels rise
Sequence shows to influence monitoring point YY025 displacements during reservoir level rises maximum for raising speed on reservoir level
Third degree is flooded in rate, followed by reservoir level ascending amount, landslide, it is rainfall to influence minimum.
When YY028 reservoir levels rise
Sequence shows that maximum to monitoring point YY028 Influence of Displacement during reservoir level rises is rainfall, followed by library
Third degree is flooded in rate of rise, landslide, it is reservoir level ascending amount to influence minimum.
As the above analysis, leading edge monitoring point YY025 by reservoir level lifting be affected, rear monitoring point YY028 by
Rainfall is affected.Monitoring data should include rainfall and Reservoir Water Level.It is larger in view of Landslide Deformation, it can be without underground
Deformation monitoring (except research purpose).
Similarly cause the correlation analysis purpose of calamity sensitive factor consistent with Landslide Deformation, the present invention also uses numerical simulation
Method come down to yellow mud Ba Dunkan two dimension (including seepage flow, deformation, ess-strain, shearing strain under Ku Shui, rainfall
Increment etc.) and three-dimensional (deformation, ess-strain, shearing strain increment etc.) Numerical Model Analysis.The conclusion and grey relational grade obtained
Method analysis result is consistent.
1.2.2 monitoring method optimizes
1, ground displacement method is preferred
(1) Judgement Matricies and Mode of Level Simple Sequence
The maximum eigenvalue λ of Amax=6.174, corresponding feature vector is：
W(1)=(0.182,0.182,0.091,0.182,0.182,0.182)T
Coincident indicatorRandom index RI=1.24 (tables look-up)
Consistency ratio CR=0.0346/1.24=0.0279<0.1, pass through consistency check.
(2) total hierarchial sorting and consistency check
GPS (0.218) is calculated>Simple monitoring (0.208)>Geodesic method (0.174)>3 D laser scanning
(0.162)>Close-range photogrammetry (0.142)>Remote sensing survey (0.096), it is optimal case to select GPS monitorings.
2, monitoring arrangement
Since the deformation of landslide front is mainly influenced by Reservoir Water Level, the main rain shadow sound of accepting a surrender of landslide rear portion deformation.Respectively
In landslide front and rear distributing GPS ground displacement point.Since landslide is at the uniform velocity deformation stage, it is not recommended that take biography
The underground displacement monitoring method of system.The rear portion deformation principal element that comes down is rainfall, therefore rainfall gauge is arranged in slip mass rear portion.
I-I ', II-II ' 2 Monitoring Profiles is laid on landslide, and 2 GPS surface displacements prisons are laid on I-I ' Monitoring Profiles
Measuring point, distribution elevation are 190m, 240m；2 GPS ground displacement points are laid on II-II ' Monitoring Profiles, distribution elevation is
190m、240m；1 GPS ground displacement datum mark is laid at the stabilization in vitro basement rock of landslide.It is monitored optimization design
Later, it is reduced at 4 by original 9 GPS monitorings, economic benefit greatly improves.
Macroscopic view inspection monitoring is that engineering geology personnel periodically investigate slip mass according to patrol route, and patrol route is
The key area determined after reconnaissance trip investigation, by macroscopic deformation person's movements and expression to having occurred (such as crack occurs and develop,
Face settles, sink, caving in, expanding, swelling, building deformation etc.), with deform related abnormal phenomenon (as sound, underground water
Exception, animal anomaly etc.), water level conditions etc. carry out investigation records, Landslide Deformation trend is made in conjunction with relevant professional knowledge macro
It sees and judges.
11 monitoring network statistical form of table
Embodiment two, nest packet stone landslide monitoring Methods of optimization design brief introduction
2.1 landslide essential characteristics
Nest packet stone landslide is tried to win favour one group of the towns the positive area San Hui gulfs Bai Yan village positioned at Palestine and China, landslide area topography totality east northeast Gao Nanxi
Low, 245 ° or so of slope aspect, slope height difference is 130m or so, and the gradient is 9~20 °, and the S wings that landslide area is located at Nanyang anticline are close
Axle portion, apart from axle portion 100-200m, 6~8 ° of rock stratum general inclination WWS, ∠.Come down plane configuration round-backed armchair shape, and profile morphology is
Stairstepping, slider bed spatial shape are linear type shape, and geomorphic feature is low mountain cuesta channel erosion landforms.Come down leading edge elevation
385m, rear elevation 489m, the whole long 450.00m in landslide, mean breadth 355.00m, area 11.96 × 104m2, thickness of sliding body
18.0m, landslide volume are 215.80 × 104m3。
Landslide Stability is affected by many factors, is broadly divided into two aspects of internal factor and external factor.Internal factor
Including geological structure, orographic condition, ground volume property etc.；External factor includes effect, earthquake, Human dried bloodstains of water etc..
Internal factor plays control action to Landslide Stability, and external factor often increases sliding force, lead to Rock And Soil strength reduction and
Weaken skid resistance, the occurrence and development for promoting Landslide Deformation to destroy.
Nest packet stone landslide slope monitoring purpose is the stability on evaluation landslide, and progress early-warning and predicting is the service of preventing and reducing natural disasters.It is sliding
Slope is concordant landslide o earth slope, and landslide Dynamic genesis is rainfall；Landslide is three-level, is in initial deformation stage, before landslide
Deformation sign is realized at edge and middle part.
According to above-mentioned landslide essential characteristic, the present invention chooses earth's surface monitoring, underground monitoring and rainfall monitoring three classes monitoring side
Method.
2.2 landslide monitoring optimization designs
2.2.1 monitoring method optimizes
1, ground displacement method is preferred
(1) Judgement Matricies and Mode of Level Simple Sequence
The maximum eigenvalue λ of Amax=6.000, corresponding feature vector is：
W(1)=(0.104,0.104,0.402,0.104,0.182,0.104)
Coincident indicatorRandom index RI=1.24 (tables look-up)
Consistency ratio CR=0/1.24=0<0.1, pass through consistency check.
Known 6 kinds of methods are about the judgment matrix of 6 characteristic index：
Different earth's surface monitoring methods sentence different earth's surface prisons about monitoring frequency difference earth's surface monitoring method about monitoring accuracy
Survey method is about monitoring cost
Thus the maximum eigenvalue of each attribute and corresponding feature vector can be acquired.
Pass through consistency check
(2) total hierarchial sorting and consistency check
GPS (0.215) is calculated>Simply (0.188)>Greatly (0.168)=close shot (0.168)>Remote sensing (0.119)>
3 D laser scanning (0.118), it is optimal case to select GPS monitorings.
2, underground displacement monitoring method is preferred
(1) Judgement Matricies and Mode of Level Simple Sequence
Thus the maximum eigenvalue of each attribute and corresponding feature vector can be acquired.
Pass through consistency check
(2) total hierarchial sorting and consistency check
Bore inclining monitoring (0.536) is calculated>Bore inclining prison is selected in landslide time domain reflection monitoring (0.465)
It is optimal case to survey.
2.2.2 monitoring point is arranged
Nest packet stone landslide monitoring is arranged.
(1) ground displacement
Should be in the upper distributing GPS ground displacement point in landslide, due to funds and budget limit, the present invention is set using optimization
The ordinary surveying method of meter monitoring priority ranking second.
The contactless monitoring land slide slit system of this project development is used on the landslide.Installation site is landslide II-II '
In the middle part of section at crack.Elevation 424,427M (LF01, LF02).
(2) underground deformation monitors
2 deep soils points (QX01, QX02) are laid on I-I ' landslide section, distribution elevation is 406,442M,
Hole depth corresponds to 12.2M, 15.2M.It is measured using stationary slope level mode.Stationary slope level is at a certain distance
Deviational survey sensor is installed in inclinometer pipe different depth, directly obtains the shift value of different depth, major advantage is precision height
(machine error greatly reduces, avoids manually-operated error), measurement is convenient, monitoring cost is low, and can measure for a long time.
In elevation 442M drillings, the present invention also arranges deep displacement flexibility monitoring system (flexible wide range prison simultaneously
Examining system) (RX01) progress underground displacement monitoring.
(3) rainfall monitors
The landslide is to be formed under heavy rain fall out effect.Therefore rainfall gauge 1 (YL01) is laid, after being set in slip mass
Portion.
12 monitoring network statistical form of table
| Monitoring content | Ground displacement | Underground displacement monitors | Rainfall monitors |
| Quantity | 2 | 2+1 | 1 |
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of landslide monitoring method choice method, which is characterized in that including：
Establish to be selected earth's surface monitoring method priority level of the landslide in different deformation stages, landslide grade combined situation
Table, monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected；
SURVEYING OF LANDSLIDE is carried out, landslide basic geology model is established, determines that the deformation stage on landslide and hazard rating are classified；
Earth's surface monitoring or underground monitoring are carried out according to the deformation stage on the landslide to be monitored, landslide hierarchical selection；
The corresponding earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of inquiry or monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected, according to waiting supervising
Survey deformation stage, the preceding monitoring method of landslide hierarchical selection priority on landslide.
2. landslide monitoring method choice method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP)
Establish the earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected, monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected, wherein first, choosing
Different monitoring methods are selected as destination layer；Secondly, the characteristic index of monitoring method is extract as rule layer, concrete property
Index includes：Monitoring frequency Z1, monitoring accuracy Z2, monitoring cost Z3, preliminary survey time Z4, monitoring the degree of automation Z5, environment are suitable
Six aspects of answering property Z6；Finally, it is carried out using different measurement methods as solution layer alternative.
3. landslide monitoring method choice method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The deformation stage on landslide is divided into three phases, is specifically included：Creeping deformation stage, at the uniform velocity deformation stage and acceleration deformation
Stage determines that the judgment matrix of the three phases distinguishes A1 (6)~A3 (6), expression formula is as follows：
The different hazard ratings on landslide are divided into one to level Four by weight by the extent of injury to light, determine that four grades correspond to four respectively
Judgment matrix B1 (6)~B4 (6), expression formula is as follows：
By the deformation stage on landslide, hazard rating weighted sum, judgement when deformation stage and hazard rating is obtained while considered
Matrix CjWith its feature vector λjNamely consider to obtain 12 classes landslide after three kinds of deformation stages and the combination of four class hazard ratings
Matrix C1 (6)~C12 (6)With feature vector λ1To λ12, expression is as follows：
Cj (6)=α11*Ai (6)+α12*Bi (6)
Wherein：Cj (6)--- consider judgment matrix when landslide grade and deformation stage combine；
α11、α12--- it is respectively the weight of deformation stage and hazard rating, α11=α12=0.5；
The ground displacement method to be selected includes：Measurement method has geodesic method, close shot to take the photograph in ground displacement
Shadow measurement, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS monitorings, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and simple observation method；
By the collection of Historical Monitoring instance data, show that each landslide ground displacement method to be selected is closed using the method for statistics
In the judgment matrix and its feature vector of six characteristic index, expression is as follows：
Monitoring frequency：It is given a mark according to the speed of monitoring frequency, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring
The judgment matrix D of frequency1 (6)With its feature vector μ1It is as follows：
μ1It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about monitoring frequency
Weight size；
Monitoring accuracy：It is given a mark according to monitoring accuracy, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy
Judgment matrix D2 (6)With its feature vector μ2It is as follows：
μ2It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about monitoring accuracy
Weight size；
Monitoring cost：It is given a mark according to monitoring cost, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy
Judgment matrix D3 (6)With its feature vector μ3It is as follows：
μ3It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about monitoring cost
Weight size；
The preliminary survey time：It is given a mark according to the preliminary survey time, constitutes six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy
Judgment matrix D4 (6)With its feature vector μ4It is as follows：
μ4It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are about the preliminary survey time
Weight size；
Monitor the degree of automation：Monitoring the degree of automation is divided into low and high two classifications, corresponds to 1-5 points and 6-9 points respectively；It will
5 kinds of methods installation manually-operated complexity of monitoring method of high degree of automation is ranked up, and is from the difficult to the easy remote sensing>Closely
Scape photographic observation and 3 D laser scanning>Geodesic method>GPS monitor, respectively correspond to 6,7,8,9 points；Thus six kinds are constituted to wait for
Judgment matrix D of the choosing landslide ground displacement method about monitoring accuracy5 (6)With its feature vector μ5It is as follows：
μ5It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are automatic about monitoring
The weight size of change degree；
Environmental suitability：Judgment matrix D of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about monitoring accuracy6 (6)With its feature
Vectorial μ6It is as follows：
μ6It is the geodesic method being calculated by correlation matrix, Close Up Photogrammetry, 3 D laser scanning method, GPS
Monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, ground inclination method and six kinds of simple observation method landslide ground displacement method to be selected are adapted to about environment
The weight size of property；
By feature vector μ1~μ6Combination forms weight of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index
Matrix Y(6)；
Calculate weight matrix Y(6)The Matrix C to come down respectively with 12 classes1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Product, obtain
To the weight of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected when considering that landslide grade and deformation stage combine simultaneously,
That is priority；Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, landslide etc.
The earth's surface monitoring method priority level table to be selected of grade combined situation；
The underground monitoring method to be selected includes：Borehole inclinometer and the reflection monitoring of landslide time domain；
Monitoring frequency：Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring frequency1 (2)With its feature vector ν1It is as follows：
Monitoring accuracy：Constitute judgment matrix E of the two methods about monitoring accuracy2 (6)With its feature vector ν2It is as follows：
Two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected are sentenced about monitoring cost, preliminary survey time, monitoring the degree of automation and environmental suitability
Disconnected matrix, is E respectively3 (6)-E6 (6), feature vector is respectively ν3-ν6；
Judgment matrix (E of the solution layer about rule layer in underground displacement monitoring method computed above1 (2)-E6 (2)) He Qite
Levy vector (ν1-ν6), by ν1~ν6Combination forms power of six kinds of landslide ground displacement methods to be selected about six characteristic index
Weight matrix X.
Calculate Matrix Cs of the weight matrix X respectively with 12 classes landslide1 (6)~C12 (6)Feature vector λ1To λ12Product, obtain
The weight namely priority of two kinds of underground monitoring methods to be selected when landslide grade and deformation stage combine are considered simultaneously；
Result of calculation is indicated in table form, is formed and establishes landslide in different deformation stages, landslide grade combination feelings
The monitoring method priority level table in underground to be selected of condition.
4. landslide monitoring method choice method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that if landslide carried out monitoring,
Then judge deformation stage by the Historical Monitoring data on landslide；If landslide did not carried out monitoring, pass through the change person's movements and expression on landslide
As judging deformation stage；Landslide grade is judged by landslide object and economic loss.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110427654A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-08 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of predictive model of landslide construction method and system based on sensitiveness |
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Effective date of registration: 20221110 Address after: No.1, Section 2, North 1st ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000 Patentee after: Chengdu Huajian Geological Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 139, Ganghua Road, Chengdu Modern Industrial Port, Pixian County, Chengdu, Sichuan 611734 Patentee before: INSTITUTE OF EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES |