CN108330338B - Aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108330338B CN108330338B CN201710036975.3A CN201710036975A CN108330338B CN 108330338 B CN108330338 B CN 108330338B CN 201710036975 A CN201710036975 A CN 201710036975A CN 108330338 B CN108330338 B CN 108330338B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mn 20-30%, Nb 20-30%, trace elements 0.1-0.3%, wherein the trace elements comprise Fe, O, C, N, Si, and the balance of Al. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy is prepared by adopting two-step smelting, the content of impurity elements in the intermediate alloy is lower, and the niobium elements are better and uniform by adopting the two-step smelting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ternary alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Many intermetallic compounds are considered to be an ideal high-temperature structural material for aerospace to be developed due to their characteristics of light specific gravity, high strength, excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. In comparison with other intermetallic compounds, the Ti — Al system has been the focus of research and development in recent years due to the very high oxidation resistance, high specific melting point, low density and very high specific melting point of titanium of the aluminum compound itself, and has a strength index close to that of a general wrought nickel-based superalloy for turbine disks and a specific gravity of about half of that of the general wrought nickel-based superalloy. The oxidation resistance of the alloy is far superior to that of common titanium-aluminum alloy and is similar to that of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy with the best oxidation resistance. Titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds have become the popular material for the new generation of aero-engine research.
Research shows that after Mn element is added into TiAl alloy, the gamma phase lattice a and c axis are reduced and the c/a value is close to 1. Mn promotes the formation of twin crystals in a gamma phase, and improves the room temperature plasticity of the TiAl alloy. However, the melting point of the metal Mn is 1244 ℃, the boiling point of the metal Mn is 1962 ℃, the boiling point of the metal Mn is lower than the temperature of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound during smelting, the metal Mn is extremely easy to volatilize, and the Mn element is easy to cause uneven components in the cast ingot.
The Ti, Al and Nb elements in the titanium-aluminum alloy have great melting point difference and great density difference, and if Ti is 1669 ℃, Al is 660 ℃ and Nb is 2467 ℃ and are mixed in a pure material mode, the Al element is burnt greatly, the Nb element has great deviation with a matrix, is β phase stable element, is actually non-equilibrium solidification, and is slow in Nb diffusion, a β phase cannot completely generate a α phase through solid phase transformation, remains in a crystal boundary, and is not fully dissolved during smelting, so that a serious segregation phenomenon is generated.
In general, a primary approach for solving melting segregation is to replace pure metal raw materials by intermediate alloys of related elements, the existing melting segregation design adds Nb element in an Al-Nb intermediate alloy mode, and a Ti is introduced in a patent CN2013102238532NbTi intermediate alloy for AlNb-based alloy and a preparation method thereof; the patent introduces an aluminum-niobium intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof; patent CN200310119078 introduces an Al-Ti-Nb intermediate alloy and its preparation method. At present, no related patent of AlMnNb three-element intermediate alloy exists. Therefore, an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mn 20-30%, Nb 20-30%, trace elements 0.1-0.3%, and the balance of Al.
The microelements comprise Fe, O, C, N and Si.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing Nb according to mass percentage2O5High purity aluminum beans, CaF2、KClO3Materials, and mixing uniformly, charging at normal temperature, the Nb2O540-45% of high-purity aluminum beans, 40-45% of CaF2The mass percent of the KClO is 5-10 percent3The mass percentage of (A) is 5-10%;
2) performing the first smelting step by an external aluminothermic process to obtain Al-Nb alloy, and drying and crushing the Al-Nb alloy;
3) mixing the crushed Al-Nb alloy with high-purity manganese metal with standard quality, then melting the mixture in an induction furnace, wherein the temperature in the induction furnace is 1650 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1550 ℃ for boiling for 10-20 minutes after the furnace burden is melted, uniformly mixing the furnace burden after the furnace burden is melted, and then casting to obtain an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot;
4) and drying the obtained aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, crushing after drying, screening after crushing, and screening qualified products with particles of 0.25-6 mm to obtain the required aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. homogenizing the alloy: the melting point of the Al-Mn-Nb three-element intermediate alloy is about 1500-1600 ℃, is similar to the melting point (1670 ℃) of titanium sponge, and is far lower than the melting point (2467 ℃) of a metal simple substance Nb, so that the phenomenon of unstable melting caused by inconsistent melting points of the metal simple substances is avoided in the melting process of intermetallic compounds, the stability of the melting process is improved, the probability of forming serious high-density inclusion segregation defects by the high-melting-point refractory element Nb is effectively reduced, and the components and the uniformity of the Ti-Al intermetallic compounds are ensured.
2. The impurity elements are lower: because the two-step smelting is adopted, the content of impurity elements in the alloy is lower, and the two-step smelting also ensures that the components of the niobium element are better and uniform.
3. Reducing the types of added master alloy: because the ternary element intermediate alloy is adopted, compared with the prior method of adding the manganese element and the niobium element separately, the method reduces the types of the added intermediate alloy, is beneficial to the smelting stability of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and reduces the probability of component segregation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
weighing 90 kg of high-purity aluminum beans with the purity of 99.7 percent and Nb by taking the mass as a unit2O580 kg, CaF210 kg, KClO320 kg, uniformly mixing, charging into a furnace for aluminothermic reaction to obtain Al-Nb alloy, drying and crushing the Al-Nb alloy, adding 52 kg of Mn and 48 kg of Al into the crushed Al-Nb alloy, charging into an induction furnace for smelting, keeping the temperature in the induction furnace to be 1650 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1550 ℃ for boiling for 10 minutes after furnace burden is molten, uniformly mixing after the furnace burden is molten, and then casting to obtain the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, wherein the components and the contents are as follows:
mn: 27.2%, Nb: 20.0%, Fe: 0.087%, Si: 0.083%, C: 0.035%, O: 0.063%, N: 0.032%, and the balance of Al.
And drying the obtained Al-Mn-Nb alloy ingot, crushing the dried Al-Mn-Nb alloy ingot, screening the crushed Al-Mn-Nb alloy ingot, screening qualified products with the particle size of 0.25-6 mm to obtain the required aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, uniformly mixing the intermediate alloy with other sponge titanium and other raw materials, pressing the mixture into lump materials, and smelting the lump materials to obtain the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound ingot with uniform manganese and niobium contents without sticking a die or adding pure aluminum or pure manganese.
Example 2:
weighing 80 kg of high-purity aluminum beans with the purity of 99.7 percent and Nb by taking the mass as a unit2O590 kg, CaF220 kg, KClO310 kg of the mixed solution is put into a furnace to carry out aluminothermic reaction to obtain Al-Nb alloy, the Al-Nb alloy is dried and crushed, the crushed Al-Nb alloy is added with 55 kg of Mn and 45 kg of Al, and the mixture is put into an induction furnace to be carried outSmelting, wherein the temperature in the induction furnace is 1650 ℃, the furnace burden is kept boiling at 1550 ℃ for 20 minutes after being melted, the furnace burden is uniformly mixed after being melted, and then casting is carried out to obtain the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, wherein the composition content is as follows:
mn: 30.0%, Nb: 28.4%, Fe: 0.050%, Si: 0.045%, C: 0.022%, O: 0.045%, N: 0.020% and the balance of Al.
Drying the obtained aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, crushing the dried aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, screening the crushed aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, screening qualified products with particles of 0.25-6 mm to obtain the required aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, uniformly mixing the intermediate alloy with other sponge titanium and other raw materials, pressing the mixture into lump materials, and smelting the lump materials to obtain the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound ingot with uniform manganese and niobium contents without sticking a die or adding pure aluminum or pure manganese.
Example 3:
weighing 96 kg of high-purity aluminum beans with the purity of 99.7 percent and Nb by taking the mass as a unit2O592 kg, CaF216 kg, KClO316 kg of aluminum-niobium alloy, uniformly mixing, charging into a furnace, carrying out aluminothermic reaction to obtain an Al-Nb alloy, drying and crushing the Al-Nb alloy, adding Mn45 kg and Al55 kg into the crushed Al-Nb alloy, charging into an induction furnace, smelting, keeping the temperature in the induction furnace to 1650 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1550 ℃ after furnace burden is molten, boiling for 20 minutes, uniformly mixing after the furnace burden is molten, and then casting to obtain an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, wherein the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot comprises the following components:
mn: 20.0%, Nb: 30.0%, Fe: 0.032%, Si: 0.028%, C: 0.010%, O: 0.019%, N: 0.011 percent and the balance of Al.
Drying the obtained aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, crushing the dried aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, screening the crushed aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, screening qualified products with particles of 0.25-6 mm to obtain the required aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy, uniformly mixing the intermediate alloy with other sponge titanium and other raw materials, pressing the mixture into lump materials, and smelting the lump materials to obtain the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound ingot with uniform manganese and niobium contents without sticking a die or adding pure aluminum or pure manganese.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: mn 20-30%, Nb 20-30%, trace elements 0.1-0.3%, and the balance of Al;
the aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing Nb according to mass percentage2O5High purity aluminum beans, CaF2、KClO3Materials, and mixing uniformly, charging at normal temperature, the Nb2O540-45% of high-purity aluminum beans, 40-45% of CaF2The mass percent of the KClO is 5-10 percent3The mass percentage of (A) is 5-10%;
2) performing the first smelting step by an external aluminothermic process to obtain Al-Nb alloy, and drying and crushing the Al-Nb alloy;
3) mixing the crushed Al-Nb alloy with high-purity manganese metal with standard quality, then melting the mixture in an induction furnace, wherein the temperature in the induction furnace is 1650 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1550 ℃ for boiling for 10-20 minutes after the furnace burden is melted, uniformly mixing the furnace burden after the furnace burden is melted, and then casting to obtain an aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot;
4) and drying the obtained aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy ingot, crushing after drying, screening after crushing, and screening qualified products with particles of 0.25-6 mm to obtain the required aluminum-manganese-niobium three-element intermediate alloy.
2. The Al-Mn-Nb three-element master alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the microelements comprise Fe, O, C, N and Si.
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