CN108326019B - Soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite - Google Patents
Soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite Download PDFInfo
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- CN108326019B CN108326019B CN201810060194.2A CN201810060194A CN108326019B CN 108326019 B CN108326019 B CN 108326019B CN 201810060194 A CN201810060194 A CN 201810060194A CN 108326019 B CN108326019 B CN 108326019B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite; taking a attapulgite raw material, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium borohydride solution, heating and stirring, filtering, soaking in a zinc acetate solution, filtering to remove liquid, and calcining at high temperature to prepare a soil remediation agent; paving the soil remediation agent at a depth position of 300-500mm below the soil surface layer to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm; mixing tetraethoxysilane with water, heating to 45-50 ℃, adding nano zinc oxide, heating to boil, and uniformly spraying the nano zinc oxide on the soil remediation agent layer; paving a plurality of soil remediation agent layers, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layers or utilizing natural rainfall to realize the migration of heavy metal elements in the soil to the soil remediation agent layers; and when the heavy metal content of the soil on the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value, taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer which is 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer to realize soil remediation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite.
Background
In the soil remediation industry, the existing soil remediation technologies can be more than one hundred, the common technologies can be more than ten, and the existing soil remediation technologies can be roughly divided into three methods, namely physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. Fundamentally, the technical principle of contaminated soil remediation may include: (1) changing the existing form of the pollutants in the soil or the combination mode of the pollutants and the soil, and reducing the mobility and bioavailability of the pollutants in the environment; (2) the concentration of harmful substances in the soil is reduced.
Chinese patent CN201610293140.1 discloses a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using porous medium particles, which uses the porous medium particles as a soil repairing agent, and adds the soil repairing agent at a certain depth position below the surface layer of the soil to form a soil repairing agent layer for adsorbing heavy metal elements carried by water in the upper soil. Compared with a dispersed placement mode, the method has the advantages that the method blocks the way of conveying heavy metal elements to the deep part of the soil, is convenient for taking out the soil remediation agent from the soil in a centralized manner, and reduces the difficulty in treating the porous medium raw material after heavy metal adsorption. And because gaps exist among porous medium particles of the soil remediation agent layer, the deep soil pollution caused by the permeation of heavy metal elements to the deep soil can not be completely blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite comprises the following steps,
step 1, taking a attapulgite raw material, crushing the attapulgite raw material into 1000-micron particles with the size of 500-;
step 2, spreading the soil remediation agent at a depth position of 300-500mm below the soil surface layer to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm;
step 3, mixing tetraethoxysilane and water according to a volume ratio of 5-10:100, heating to 45-50 ℃, adding nano zinc oxide, heating to boil, and uniformly spraying boiling liquid on the soil remediation agent layer within 10 minutes after boiling;
step 4, continuously paving the soil repairing agent on the soil repairing agent layer formed in the last step, wherein the thickness of the soil repairing agent layer is 5-10mm, and repeating the step 3 after paving;
step 5, repeating the step 4;
step 6, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layer or realizing the migration of heavy metal elements in the soil to the soil remediation agent layer by utilizing natural rainfall; and when the heavy metal content of the soil on the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value, taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer which is 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer to realize soil remediation.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the attapulgite raw material, the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the sodium borohydride solution in the step 1 is 4:10-14: 14-16; the performance of the modified attapulgite is affected by excessive addition of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the sodium borohydride solution, so that the adsorption and barrier properties of the soil remediation agent layer are affected.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the zinc acetate solution in the step 1 is 0.15-0.35%.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano zinc oxide in the step 3 is 30-50 nm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to the tetraethoxysilane in the step 3 is 0.6-1.2: 12; the addition proportion of the nano zinc oxide has influence on the barrier property of the soil repairing agent layer to heavy metal ions; if the nano zinc oxide is not added, the barrier property of the soil remediation agent layer on heavy metal ions is not obvious, and if the proportion of the nano zinc oxide is too large, the content of the heavy metal ions in the soil below the soil remediation agent layer is increased.
Preferably, the amount of the boiling liquid sprayed on the soil remediation agent layer in the step 3 is as follows: 200-400mL/m3(ii) a If no boiling liquid is added, the barrier property of the soil repairing agent layer to heavy metal ions is not obvious; if the consumption of the boiling liquid is too large, the permeability between soil remediation agent layers is affected, and finally the content of heavy metal ions in the upper soil layer cannot be effectively reduced.
Preferably, in step 5, the number of times of repeating step 4 is 7-13; the more times of repetition, the larger the total thickness of the soil repairing agent layer is, and the better the repairing effect is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that,
the soil remediation method of the invention utilizes the modified attapulgite as a soil remediation agent to interact with the boiling silicic acid/nano zinc oxide composite sol, forms a soil remediation agent layer which has strong adsorption capacity and high adsorption rate and can effectively adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil under the polluted soil layer, adsorbs the heavy metal ions in the surface soil into the remediation agent layer under the scouring action of irrigation water and rainwater, and simultaneously can efficiently prevent the heavy metal ions in the surface soil from permeating into the deep soil.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite comprises the following steps,
s1, crushing a attapulgite raw material into particles with the size of 500-1000 microns, and adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.2% and a sodium borohydride solution with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.3%, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite raw material to the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution to the sodium borohydride solution is 4:10: 14; heating to 60-70 ℃, stirring for 5-6 hours, filtering, soaking in 0.15% zinc acetate solution for 12-18 hours, filtering to remove liquid, calcining at 380 ℃ of 340-;
s2, spreading the soil remediation agent at the depth position of 300-500mm below the soil surface layer to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 5 mm;
s3, mixing tetraethoxysilane and water according to the volume ratio of 5-10:100, heating to 45-50 ℃, and adding nano zinc oxide with the particle size of 30-50nm, wherein the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to tetraethoxysilane is 0.9: 12; heating to boiling, and uniformly spraying boiling liquid on the soil remediation agent layer within 10 minutes after boiling, wherein the dosage is as follows: 300mL/m3；
S4, continuously paving the soil repairing agent on the soil repairing agent layer formed in the previous step, wherein the thickness of the soil repairing agent layer is 5mm, and repeating the step 3 after paving;
s5, repeating the step 4 for 13 times;
s6, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layer or using natural rainfall to realize the migration of heavy metal elements in the soil to the soil remediation agent layer; and when the heavy metal content of the soil on the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value, taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer which is 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer to realize soil remediation.
Example 2:
a soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite comprises the following steps,
s1, crushing a attapulgite raw material into particles with the size of 500-1000 microns, and adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.2% and a sodium borohydride solution with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.3%, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite raw material to the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution to the sodium borohydride solution is 4:14: 16; heating to 60-70 ℃, stirring for 5-6 hours, filtering, soaking in 0.35% zinc acetate solution for 12-18 hours, filtering to remove liquid, calcining at 380 ℃ of 340-;
s2, spreading the soil remediation agent at the depth position of 300-500mm below the soil surface layer to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm;
s3, mixing tetraethoxysilane and water according to the volume ratio of 5-10:100, heating to 45-50 ℃, and adding nano zinc oxide with the particle size of 30-50nm, wherein the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to tetraethoxysilane is 0.9: 12; heating to boiling, and uniformly spraying boiling liquid on the soil remediation agent layer within 10 minutes after boiling, wherein the dosage is as follows: 300mL/m3；
S4, continuously paving the soil repairing agent on the soil repairing agent layer formed in the previous step, wherein the thickness of the soil repairing agent layer is 10mm, and repeating the step 3 after paving;
s5, repeating the step 4 for 7 times;
s6, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layer or using natural rainfall to realize the migration of heavy metal elements in the soil to the soil remediation agent layer; and when the heavy metal content of the soil on the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value, taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer which is 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer to realize soil remediation.
Example 3:
in the same way as example 1, only the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to the tetraethoxysilane in the step 3 is modified as follows:
group A: 0.6: 12;
group B: 1.2: 12;
group C: 0:12 (i.e., no added nano zinc oxide);
group D: 1.5:12.
Example 4:
in the same way as in example 1, the amount of the boiling liquid uniformly sprayed on the soil remediation agent layer in the step 3 is modified as follows:
group A: 200mL/m3；
Group B: 400mL/m3；
Group C: 0mL/m3(i.e., without the addition of a boiling liquid);
group D: 600mL/m3。
Comparative example 1:
s1, taking the attapulgite clay raw material, and crushing the attapulgite clay raw material into a 6000-micron soil remediation agent with the size of 2000-;
s2, paving the soil remediation agent prepared in the step 1 at a depth position of 300-500mm below the surface layer of the soil to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 88 mm;
s3, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layer or using natural rainfall to realize the migration of heavy metal elements in the soil to the soil remediation agent layer; and when the heavy metal content of the soil on the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value, taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer which is 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer to realize soil remediation.
Example 5:
the above examples and comparative examples all used the same soil (cadmium content 1.1mg/kg) and experimental conditions (average annual rainfall 1000 mm); after 6 months, the cadmium content of the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer of the soil remediation agent layer is respectively detected, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to the tetraethoxysilane and the dosage of the boiling liquid uniformly sprayed on the soil remediation agent layer all affect the remediation effect of the soil, but have little effect on the cadmium content of the upper soil layer and have great effect on the cadmium content of the lower soil layer; compared with the method that common porous medium particles are used as a soil remediation agent layer (comparative example 1), the remediation method can effectively prevent the cadmium metal from permeating into deep soil.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent substitutions or substitutions made on the above-mentioned embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step 1, taking a attapulgite raw material, crushing the attapulgite raw material into 1000-micron particles with the size of 500-;
step 2, spreading the soil remediation agent at a depth position of 300-500mm below the soil surface layer to form a soil remediation agent layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm;
step 3, mixing tetraethoxysilane and water according to a volume ratio of 5-10:100, heating to 45-50 ℃, adding nano zinc oxide, heating to boil, and uniformly spraying boiling liquid on the soil remediation agent layer within 10 minutes after boiling;
step 4, continuously paving the soil repairing agent on the soil repairing agent layer formed in the last step, wherein the thickness of the soil repairing agent layer is 5-10mm, and repeating the step 3 after paving;
step 5, repeating the step 4;
step 6, irrigating the soil layer above the soil remediation agent layer or using natural rainfall, and taking out the soil remediation agent layer and the soil layer with the thickness of 10-50mm above and below the soil remediation agent layer after the heavy metal content in the soil at the upper part of the soil remediation agent layer is reduced to a required value;
the mass ratio of the attapulgite raw material, the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the sodium borohydride solution in the step 1 is 4:10-14: 14-16;
in the step 1, the mass fraction of the zinc acetate solution is 0.15-0.35%;
3, the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 30-50 nm;
the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide to the tetraethoxysilane in the step 3 is 0.6-1.2: 12;
step 3, the amount of the boiling liquid sprayed on the soil remediation agent layer is as follows: 200-400mL/m3。
2. The method for remediating modified attapulgite-based soil as recited in claim 1, wherein step 4 is repeated 7 to 13 times in step 5.
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| CN104774618A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | 兰州交通大学 | Use of attapulgite in soil heavy metal pollution restoration agent |
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