CN108324239B - Portable intelligent optometry instrument - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/103—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
- A61B3/0041—Operational features thereof characterised by display arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0083—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with means for patient positioning
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable intelligent optometry instrument, which comprises a shell, wherein an intelligent terminal for displaying a measurement pattern and a relaxation pattern, an optical lens assembly for changing an optical path between the measurement pattern and a human eye, a mechanical adjusting assembly for changing the relative distance and position of the optical lens assembly in equipment, and a signal processing assembly for analyzing and processing measured values are arranged in the shell; the input end of the signal processing component is connected with the signal output end of the mechanical adjusting component, and the output end of the signal processing component is connected with the controlled end of the intelligent terminal; the control end of the mechanical adjusting component is fixedly connected with a device in the optical lens component. The invention can measure the diopter and eyesight of eyes at any time and any place by simple operation, and can display the variation trend of all measured values in a certain period of time by the display screen of the intelligent terminal, thereby facilitating the evaluation and prediction of the eyesight condition of the testee and having good effect on preventing teenager myopia.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical equipment, in particular to an optometry instrument for detecting vision states of human eyes.
Background
The visual system of the human eye consists of cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, vitreous body, retina, optic nerve and the like. Light entering the eyes is refracted by the diopter system of the eyes and focused on the retina, visual cells on the retina feel the light, and visual information is transferred to the visual cortex to form vision after processing. The normal eye has an axis length of about 24mm and a refractive power of about 60D, with the cornea accounting for about 75% of the full-eye diopters being the most important refractive portion. The lens has elasticity, and can change the surface curvature and the refractive power under the traction action of ciliary muscles and zonules, so as to realize the regulation function of human eyes and achieve clear vision. Under normal conditions, when the lens is fully relaxed, parallel light coming from infinity is focused exactly at the retina, in which case the eye is an emmetropic eye. When the eye is fully relaxed, the refractive power of the eye is called the static refractive power of the eye, but in daily life, such as fine work and learning, the diverging light from the object is focused behind the retina, requiring the eye to change its refractive state to present an image of the object on the retina, and this eye sees a phenomenon of near objects by changing the refractive power of the eye, called accommodation of the eye, where the refractive power of the eye is called the dynamic refractive power of the eye. Myopia, in which there is a static refractive power abnormality, is the fact that light is focused only in front of the retina, while hyperopia, in which light is focused only behind the retina, both visual defects are called spherical aberration; if the curvature radius of the eye refractive system is different in different meridians, the refractive power of the eye in different directions is different, the image cannot be accurately focused into one point, and two focal lines or multiple focal lines are formed, and the situation is called astigmatism and is cylindrical aberration of the eye; the above defects are collectively referred to as ametropia of the eye. A further drawback is called presbyopia, which is the phenomenon that the lens ages and hardens and the ciliary muscle strength weakens with age, making the accommodation of the eye smaller, and the difficulty of near vision occurs, which is a normal physiological phenomenon that human vision takes place with age. Optical defects such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and presbyopia of the eye can be compensated by wearing corrective lenses, positive lenses (converging) for compensating for hyperopic aberrations and negative lenses (diverging) for compensating for myopic aberrations.
The most common vision system problems in daily life are those of ametropia such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and the like. Among them, myopia has the greatest effect on people, and the prevalence of myopia increases year by year with the rapid development of society. The reasons for the myopia prevention and treatment method relate to race factors, genetic factors, education systems, trial education factors, near-distance eye use factors, embryo dysplasia factors, growth disorder factors, environmental factors, unscientific prevention and treatment methods, products, measures and the like, and the occurrence rate of myopia is high due to the existence of the comprehensive factors, especially for children and teenagers. At present, various national governments and eye vision health professionals generally agree that myopia prevention and control should emphasize guidelines that are mainly pre-defense, for example, in 2016, the national health and family planning committee clearly requires attention to early discovery in 'guidance opinion about strengthening the myopia prevention and control work of teenagers of children' to take effective intervention measures to prevent myopia.
Early detection means that data related to vision health is acquired and detected at high density from the childhood, so that the childhood can be divided into 3 groups without myopia, in a high-risk state and in a myopia state, the matching coefficient relation between the physiological refractive power of each age group and the far-naked eye vision and the refractive parameters of each age group in the refraction state can be obtained, and the prediction, the intervention and the prevention of the myopia can be very critical.
The main expression form of the vision high-risk state is pseudomyopia, the generation of the myopia is pseudomyopia in an early stage, the pseudomyopia is reversible change, and the pseudomyopia can be removed and the vision can be recovered if effective intervention measures can be timely found and taken, so that the vision can be early found to be reduced if the refractive power change of eyes can be monitored by multiple frequencies in the teenager stage of the children with high myopia, the pseudomyopia can be timely found and the effective intervention measures can be taken to recover the vision, and the vision high-risk state has great significance in reducing the occurrence of the myopic eyes.
However, the acquisition of data related to vision health and the detection of the refractive state of the eye are time-consuming and laborious, as is done solely by the E-chart, with little significance; if the detection is required to be accurately acquired, large-scale expensive instruments and complicated means are required to be used in an ophthalmic hospital or clinic, professional technicians are required to carry out language interaction with a detected person in the detection process, the cost of manpower and material resources is very high, and the detection method is difficult to be suitable for people with lower ages or hearing impairment; in addition, the detection means is unfavorable for high-frequency detection and evaluation of vision, and early detection of the defects of the refractive errors (especially myopia) of eyes is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a portable intelligent optometry instrument with low cost, which can be popularized to every family and is convenient for people to measure diopter and eyesight of eyes at any time and any place.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The portable intelligent optometry instrument comprises a shell worn on the head, wherein an intelligent terminal for displaying a measurement pattern and a relaxation pattern, an optical lens assembly for changing an optical path between the measurement pattern and a human eye, a mechanical adjusting assembly for changing the relative distance and position of the optical lens assembly in the device and a signal processing assembly for analyzing and processing measured values are arranged in the shell; the input end of the signal processing component is connected with the signal output end of the mechanical adjusting component, and the output end of the signal processing component is connected with the controlled end of the intelligent terminal; the control end of the mechanical adjusting component is fixedly connected with a device in the optical lens component.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, optical lens subassembly is including setting up in the casing in parallel and being used for measuring the dioptric capacity measuring lens group of interpupillary distance and dioptric capacity, be used for measuring the eyesight measuring lens group of naked eye's eyesight and be used for stimulating eyes to relax or the supplementary lens group of tension, the casing is provided with two passageways that correspond respectively by the person under test left and right sides eye along the central axis symmetry, dioptric capacity measuring lens group and eyesight measuring lens group set up side by side in a passageway and dioptric capacity measuring lens group and eyesight measuring lens group can be moved about in the passageway under the drive of mechanical regulation subassembly, supplementary lens group is fixed to be set up in another passageway.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, diopter ability measurement lens group includes a first concave lens that is used for realizing zooming to measure the pattern, a first convex lens that is used for changing the visual distance between pattern and the testee and is used for realizing each performance parameter measurement of eyes and the slit sheet that parallels with intelligent terminal screen, first concave lens is close to intelligent terminal setting, and the slit sheet is close to the light path end setting of testee's eyes, and first convex lens sets up between first concave lens and slit sheet and is close to the slit sheet setting.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, the slit sheet is including setting up the base plate that has incident light selection function in the casing, has seted up the light hole on the base plate in the position that corresponds the testee eyes.
According to the portable intelligent optometry instrument, the light passing holes are two parallel split slits or a plurality of groups of opposite small holes, and the distance between adjacent split slits or adjacent small holes is 2.5+/-2 mm.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, mechanical regulation subassembly is including being used for changing the horizontal adjustment mechanism of dioptric power measurement lens group and vision measurement lens group in the position about the casing, be used for changing the vertical adjustment mechanism of concave lens in passageway back and forth position and be used for the input mechanism of the optotype conversion instruction in the measurement pattern of input to intelligent terminal.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, vision measurement lens group includes two second concave lenses that are used for reducing cell-phone screen image and a piece and are used for changing the size of screen image and visual distance second convex lens, the second concave lens is close to intelligent terminal setting, and the second convex lens is close to the light path end setting of testee's eyes.
Above-mentioned portable intelligent optometry appearance, be provided with a third convex lens that is used for changing visual distance in the auxiliary lens group, the third concave lens is close to the casing end setting of testee's eyes.
The portable intelligent optometry instrument comprises a signal processing assembly, a signal processing assembly and a communication module, wherein the signal processing assembly comprises a data processor, an encoder for acquiring the change state and displacement of the optical lens assembly and a communication module for sending measurement results to an intelligent terminal; the input end of the data processor is connected with the signal end of the encoder, and the output end of the data processor is connected with the controlled end of the communication module.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical progress.
The invention can measure the performance parameters of eyes at any time and any place by simple operation, can display the variation trend of all measured values in a certain period of time by the intelligent terminal, is convenient for a tested person to evaluate and predict the vision condition of the tested person, can find the process of converting pseudomyopia into true myopia in time, achieves the purpose of restoring the normal vision by training and intervening the vision system in the pseudomyopia stage in time, avoids the occurrence of true myopia and has good effect on preventing teenager myopia.
The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and low cost, can be widely popularized and applied in the family environment, and realizes the detection of the vision development condition of all members in the family. In addition, the invention can finish the measurement by the person to be measured without the help of professional technicians in the use process; and the measurement accuracy can be compared with a computer optometry instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an optical schematic of a slit sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another construction of the slit sheet according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the system comprises a shell, 111, a dioptric power measuring lens group, 112, a vision measuring lens group, 113, an auxiliary lens group, 12, a mechanical adjusting component, 13, a slit piece, 2, a smart terminal, 211, a first measuring pattern, 212, a shielding pattern, 213, a loosening pattern, 214, a second measuring pattern and 3, an eye of a tested person.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The portable intelligent optometry instrument comprises a shell worn on the head, wherein an intelligent terminal 2, an optical lens assembly, a mechanical adjusting assembly 12 and a signal processing assembly are arranged in the shell; the input end of the signal processing component is connected with the signal output end of the mechanical adjusting component, and the output end of the signal processing component is connected with the controlled end of the intelligent terminal. The intelligent terminal is used for displaying a measurement pattern, a shielding pattern, a relaxation pattern and a test result, the optical lens component is used for changing an optical path between the measurement pattern and human eyes, the mechanical adjusting component is used for changing the relative distance and the position of the optical lens component in the device, and the signal processing component is used for analyzing and processing the measured value.
The optical lens assembly comprises a dioptric power measuring lens group, a vision measuring lens group and an auxiliary lens group which are arranged in the shell in parallel, wherein the dioptric power measuring lens group is used for measuring interpupillary distance and dioptric power, the vision measuring lens group is used for measuring naked eyes, and the auxiliary lens group is used for stimulating the relaxation or tension of the other eye. According to the invention, two channels corresponding to the left eye and the right eye of a tested person are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the shell, wherein the dioptric capacity measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group are arranged in parallel in one channel, and the dioptric capacity measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group can move left and right in the channel under the drive of the mechanical adjusting component; the auxiliary lens group is fixedly arranged in the other channel.
In the process of testing eyes, patterns displayed in the intelligent terminal need to be transformed according to indexes of eye testing, and the patterns displayed by the intelligent terminal are measured patterns (such as 211 and 214 in fig. 1), shielding patterns (such as 212 in fig. 1) and relaxation patterns (such as 213 in fig. 1). The test indexes of eyes mainly comprise: pupil distance, diopter power and vision, wherein pupil distance in turn includes distance pupil distance and near pupil distance; refractive power includes static and dynamic refractive power, i.e., a test of accommodation of the far point and accommodation of the near point; vision generally refers to the naked eye's vision; the adjustment range and the adjustment amplitude of the eyes can be obtained by the test indexes.
When the static diopter capacity of eyes is tested (namely, the distance point is adjusted), an auxiliary lens group and a diopter capacity measuring lens group of a portable optometry instrument are used, and a first measuring pattern and a relaxation pattern are respectively displayed on two eyes of a corresponding tested person on the intelligent terminal; when the near point and the pupil distance of the eye are adjusted, the first measurement pattern and the shielding pattern are respectively displayed on the two eyes of the corresponding tested person on the intelligent terminal.
Two opposite optotypes are arranged in the measuring pattern and are used for testing one eye of a tested person; the relaxation pattern simulates infinity for putting the other eye in a relaxed state; the occlusion pattern is then used to simulate the state of the eye being occluded. During the test, the light of the measuring pattern enters the eyes of the testee after being deflected by the optical lens assembly, and is imaged at the retina base of the eyes of the testee, and the imaging result is related to the health condition of the eyes.
The display screen of the intelligent terminal can be black and white or colored, and the intelligent terminal with the colored display screen is selected in the invention. The loosening pattern can be a geometric figure, a natural scene, a static image or a dynamic image, and the loosening pattern is preferably a colored static natural scene with a depth of field characteristic; the shielding pattern is a pure black background; the first measurement pattern is two opposite visual marks in a black background, and the visual marks are preferably two red-green strips in the invention.
In the present invention, if the light of the measuring pattern facing the tested eye is deflected by the optical lens assembly, the light from infinity is simulated, and after entering the eye, the light is focused into a point on the retina or the front and rear thereof after passing through the optical system of the eye. When the lens is fully relaxed, parallel light incident at infinity is focused exactly at the retina, in this case the eye is an emmetropic eye; for myopia, the light is focused in front of retina; presbyopia is the focusing of light rays onto the retina.
When measuring the static refractive power of the eye, the ciliary muscle of the eye can be fully relaxed and accommodation of the eye controlled to focus as far as possible. When eyes of a person watch targets with different distances, the eyes can generate convergence and adjustment, and the convergence can automatically adjust the directions of the eyes so that the eyes can generate binocular single vision; accommodation of the eye will cause the refractive power of the eye's refractive system to change, focusing on a point, affecting the static refractive power measurement of the eye. In the present invention, therefore, the left and right eyes correspond to different lens groups, respectively, when measuring the static refractive power of the eyes.
Because the distance from the intelligent terminal to the eyes is determined by the size of the shell, the size of the shell cannot be too long in consideration of the requirement of convenient operation, and the visual distance of the eyes is changed by utilizing the optical lens assembly, so that the performance indexes of the eyes are tested.
In the invention, the measurement of the ocular refractive power is realized by the Scheiner principle, and a measured person observes the superposition of measurement icons with different colors through two slit holes on a slit sheet to realize the measurement.
When the optical power of the vision system of the eye of the tested person is in an abnormal state, namely, the light rays converged by the eye after passing through the lens group and the slit sheet do not fall on the retina, the optical adjusting component is changed to adjust the position of the lens group in the shell or change the distance between two red-green strip optotypes in the first measuring pattern on the intelligent terminal, so that the focused point of the light rays in the eye can move forwards or backwards until the focused point is just focused at the retina. In this state, the simulated far point d of the eyes of the tested person is the distance between the far point d and the position of the lens group in the shell and the distance between the two red and green strip targets in the first measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal, and in this embodiment, taking only the change of the distance between the red and green strip targets as an example to explain the obtaining of the simulated far point, the simulated far point d can be calculated by the intersection point of the extension lines of the connection lines between the two red and green strip targets in the first measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal and the two slit slits on the corresponding slit sheet respectively, and the distance between the simulated far point d and the red and green strip in the first measurement pattern on the screen is as follows:
wherein a is the distance between two cracks on the crack sheet, m is the distance between the crack sheet and the intelligent terminal, c is the distance between the red and green strips in the first measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal, and t is the distance from eyes to the crack sheet, and the unit is mm. After obtaining the simulated distance point of the eye, the refractive power P (units: diopters) of the eye can be obtained.
Since the eye-to-slit sheet distance t is very small, much less than the virtual point-to-eye distance, t is negligible, at which point:
the optical power measuring lens group comprises a first concave lens, a first convex lens and a crack piece, wherein the first concave lens is arranged close to the intelligent terminal and is used for zooming the first measuring pattern; the slit sheet is arranged close to the tail end of the light path of the eyes of the tested person; the first convex lens is arranged between the first concave lens and the slit sheet and is close to the slit sheet and used for changing the visual distance between the measuring pattern and the measured person.
The lens can be a spherical lens, a cylindrical lens, an aspherical lens or a Fresnel lens; of course, the lens group constituted by the concave lens and the convex lens may be a single lens or a double cemented lens. When the device is used for testing eyes of a tested person, the tested eyes, the crack piece, the convex lens, the concave lens and the intelligent terminal measuring pattern are kept on the same optical axis of light; the other eye and the shielding pattern of the intelligent terminal are positioned on the same light axis.
The slit sheet is used for measuring various performance parameters of eyes and comprises a substrate which is arranged in the shell and has an incident light selection function, and a light transmission hole is formed in a position, corresponding to eyes of a tested person, of the substrate. The substrate can be made of a light-tight material or a semi-transparent material; the substrate is provided with an incident light selection device, and the incident light selection device is an optical filter or a polarized light selection sheet; the light passing holes can be straight slits, small holes or small hole arrays.
When there are two or more holes in the slit sheet, the light of the optotype on the display screen passes through all the holes and enters the eyes to generate a plurality of images, and interference is generated to each other, so that measurement is affected. In the embodiment, the slit sheet is used for mounting an optical filter with selectivity to the optical wavelength on a substrate made of opaque materials so as to eliminate the mutual crosstalk; two parallel slit structures are formed on the optical filter, and the distance between the two parallel slit structures corresponds to the pupil diameter of the eye and is 2.5+/-2 mm; the optical schematic of the slit sheet is shown in figure 2.
The mechanical adjusting component is used for driving all devices and slit sheets in the lens group to change the positions in the shell, so that the change of the light path length is realized. The mechanical adjusting assembly comprises a transverse adjusting mechanism, a longitudinal adjusting mechanism and an input mechanism, wherein the transverse adjusting mechanism is used for changing the left and right positions of the dioptric capacity measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group in the shell, the longitudinal adjusting mechanism is used for changing the front and back positions of the concave lens in the channel, and the input mechanism is used for inputting a sighting target transformation instruction in a measuring pattern to the intelligent terminal. The structure of the mechanical adjusting component is preferably a button, a knob and gear driven mechanical structure.
The transverse adjusting mechanism and the longitudinal adjusting mechanism in the mechanical adjusting assembly are preferably controlled automatically, and of course, the manual operation mode can be adopted, and the manual operation mechanism can be selected by the input mechanism. However, in either an automatic control mode or a manual control mode, synchronous changes of the lens in the portable optometry instrument, the hole in the crack piece and the icon in the measurement pattern of the intelligent terminal can be realized by adopting modes such as light sense conduction, electronic conduction or information conduction.
In the invention, the mechanical adjusting component, the tested person and the signal processing component are matched to confirm the measurement state.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the slit sheet adopts a liquid crystal optical phase modulation device, that is, on a glass substrate that is opaque, there is a regularly arranged array of small holes, as shown in fig. 3, and the array of small holes is filled with a liquid crystal material, and the liquid crystal material generates phase modulation on light passing through the liquid crystal material under the control of an applied electric field, so as to control whether the light can pass through the small hole area. For embodiments employing liquid crystal optical phase modulation devices, no corresponding mechanical turning structure is required.
The auxiliary lens group is positioned at the other eye and comprises a third convex lens; the third convex lens is arranged close to the tail end of the shell of the eye of the tested person and is used for enabling the tested person to watch the relaxation pattern or the shielding pattern displayed on the screen of the intelligent terminal, the third convex lens can be a single lens or a lens group, and the lens can be a single lens, a cemented lens, an aspheric lens, a Fresnel lens or the like.
The signal processing component comprises a data processor, an encoder for collecting the change state and displacement of the optical lens group and a communication module for sending a measurement result to the intelligent terminal; the input end of the data processor is connected with the signal end of the encoder, and the output end of the data processor is connected with the controlled end of the communication module.
The method comprises the steps that a tested person changes the position of a relevant device in an optical lens assembly in a shell through operating a mechanical adjusting assembly, when the eyes of the tested person can meet set requirements in the moving process of the device in the optical lens assembly, the tested person triggers a signal processing assembly, and the signal processing assembly records the position of the relevant device in the current optical lens assembly according to a trigger signal and calculates corresponding performance parameters; after the eye test of the tested person is finished, the signal processing component can visually display the measured value through the intelligent terminal.
Due to the arrangement of the adjusting mechanism in the optical lens assembly, when the device of the lens assembly linearly displaces in the front-back direction in the shell, the visual distance between the measured pattern on the intelligent terminal and the tested eye also changes, and the optical lens assembly can be equivalent to a single lens with the focal length f during calculation, and the relationship between the distance d of the simulated far point and the distance c between two sighting marks on the screen is as follows:
wherein l is the distance between the optical lens assembly and the slit sheet, when the optical lens assembly has an equivalent focal lengthI.e. without lenses, and distance between lenses and slit sheet +.>The distance d is:
it can be seen that the refractive power is a function of the distance between the two optotypes of the red and green bars on the intelligent terminal, and the refractive power of the eye can be measured by changing the distance between the two optotypes of the red and green bars on the intelligent terminal.
The optical power measurement of the eyes of the testee is realized by changing the distance between the two red-green strip optotypes in the measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal. If the cornea of the eye has different radii of curvature in different meridians, resulting in different refractive powers in different directions of the eye, the image cannot be accurately focused on the retina, which is called astigmatism, which is the cylindrical aberration of the eye; an eye with spherical and cylindrical aberrations can be simply expressed as a weighted sum of spherical aberration S and cylindrical aberration C:
wherein the weighting coefficientRelated to the axial position a of the eye: />，/>To measure the meridian angle of the scattered light. In an embodiment of the invention, the mechanical adjustment assembly may further comprise a rotation adjustment mechanism for rotating the slit sheet in the vertical plane, the rotation of the slit sheet in the vertical plane being synchronized by the rotation adjustment mechanismThe rotation angle and the rotation angle of the optotype in the vertical plane in the measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal are achieved, and therefore the purpose of measuring eyes by selecting meridians with different angles is achieved, and spherical aberration S, cylindrical aberration C and axial position A of the eyes are obtained. In another embodiment of the present invention, when the slit sheet adopts a liquid crystal optical phase modulation device, diopter measurement under different angles is realized by controlling the display mode of the small hole array pair on the liquid crystal phase modulator.
In addition, through dioptric power measurement lens group and auxiliary lens group, under the intelligent terminal screen corresponding to the left and right eyes of the person under test shows different first measurement pattern and shelter from the pattern state respectively, the measurement of person under test's eye interpupillary distance is carried out to the left and right sides position of lens group in the casing of accessible regulation dioptric power measurement. The interpupillary distance includes a far interpupillary distance and a near interpupillary distance.
The invention can also realize the measurement of the naked eye vision of the tested person by switching the measurement pattern in the intelligent terminal to be the E optotype. The national standard GB-11533-2011 specifies that the standard inspection distance of far vision is d=5m, and the invention utilizes the high-resolution intelligent terminal to display the E optotype, and the minimum size of a single optotype can be achievedThe pixel point can realize the purpose of magnifying the optotype and simultaneously placing the visual distance to a far place by changing the position of a device in the optical lens assembly in the shell so as to realize the measurement of the naked eye vision of eyes in the portable device.
When the naked eyes of eyes are measured, an auxiliary lens group and a vision measuring lens group of the portable optometry device are used, and a second measuring pattern and a shielding pattern are respectively displayed on the intelligent terminal corresponding to the two eyes of the measured person, wherein the second measuring pattern is an E-shaped optotype pattern.
The vision measurement lens group is used for measuring the naked eyes of a tested person and comprises two second concave lenses and a second convex lens which are sequentially arranged in the observation barrel from far to near, wherein the second concave lens is arranged close to the intelligent terminal, and the second convex lens is arranged close to the tail end of an optical path of the eyes of the tested person.
The vision measurement lens group for naked eye vision measurement transforms the visual distance between the E optotype pattern on the screen and eyes of a detector to a standard distance of 5m through optical transformation of all devices in the vision measurement lens group. And then the size of the E optotype is changed through the signal processing component until the testee cannot recognize the directions of more than half of the appearing optotypes, the signal processing component is triggered, the signal processing component is synchronized to the intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal can record the bare vision of the eyes to be measured.
In order to avoid the phenomenon that the E-shaped optotype is deformed or the edge of the optotype is blurred and the identification degree of the optotype is poor because the color difference and the spherical difference are formed in the using process and the display effect of the imaged optotype is influenced, the lens in each lens group is preferably a bonding lens with good color difference eliminating effect and an aspheric lens with good spherical difference eliminating effect, and when the lens is specifically used, all the bonding lenses or all the aspheric lenses or the combination of the bonding lenses and the aspheric lenses or the common lenses can be used.
The following describes in detail the implementation of the invention for testing the interpupillary distance and the accommodation force of the eyes of a subject.
1. Pupil distance measurement
In the measuring process of the far pupil distance, after monocular far pupil distance measurement of the left eye and the right eye can be adopted, the far pupil distance of the vision system is obtained by adding the monocular far pupil distance measurement and the monocular far pupil distance measurement.
Before measuring the far interpupillary distance, firstly, one eye of a measured person is shielded, and the single-eye interpupillary distance of the other eye is measured, in the embodiment, the measuring eye passes through the diopter capacity measuring lens group, and the other eye passes through the auxiliary lens group to watch the intelligent terminal. One side of the intelligent terminal is provided with a shielding pattern, and the other side of the intelligent terminal displays a first measuring pattern with a red-green strip sighting target to realize pupil distance measurement. During measurement, the left and right positions of the dioptric capacity measuring lens group in the shell are adjusted through the transverse adjusting mechanism to ensure that the pupils of eyes of the measured person, the light passing holes on the slit sheet, the lens group and the optotype on the intelligent terminal are in a straight line, namely, the eyes of the measured person can clearly see the optotype on the intelligent terminal, and the optotype in the first measuring pattern moves synchronously along with the slit sheet in the back and forth movement process of the dioptric capacity measuring lens group; and then, the signal processing component calculates the monocular distance pupil according to the measured data, and then the measured data is transmitted to the intelligent terminal for display in a wireless or wired mode. Then, the lens group corresponding to the left and right eyes is reversed, and the single-eye distance pupil measurement of the other eye is performed by the same method. Finally, the signal processing component adds the single-eye interpupillary distances of the two eyes to obtain the far interpupillary distance of the two eyes of the tested person.
The measurement data refers to the distance that the optical power measuring lens group moves left and right in the shell, and according to the distance, the distance between the optical power measuring lens group and the central axis of the shell can be calculated, namely, the single-eye pupil distance of the tested eye.
In the invention, the distance of the left and right movement of the dioptric capacity measuring lens group in the shell can be acquired by adopting a displacement identifier, the displacement identifier can adopt a slide wire rheostat and the like, and the displacement identifier transmits the measured displacement to the signal processing component for processing, so as to calculate the single-eye far-pupil distance.
Of course, the distance that the dioptric capacity measuring lens group moved about in the casing can also adopt the light sense conduction mode to gather, and the light sense conduction mode is that intelligent terminal and signal processing subassembly cooperate jointly to realize. The structure is that the intelligent terminal is started to perform light scanning of the grating through the signal processing component, a scanning signal sent by the intelligent terminal can move from one side of the shell to the other side at a constant speed, when the scanning signal moves to a light sensing element corresponding to the center of the lens on the shell, a circuit in the signal processing component is triggered, meanwhile, the signal processing component feeds back a circuit triggering signal to the intelligent terminal, after the intelligent terminal receives the signal, the light scanning is stopped, the distance from a light scanning stopping point to the central axis of the portable instrument is recorded, and the monocular distance is obtained through calculation of the distance.
The optotype in this embodiment adopts two parallel red-green stripes, and the colour difference is great and relatively bright, and is easy to discern to the testee. After measuring the single-eye far pupil distance, the left-eye pupil distance and the right-eye pupil distance can be compared to determine whether the tested person has strabismus state.
When measuring the near-pupil distance of eyes, the near-pupil distance is measured by changing the distance of the centers of two red and green optotypes in the measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal from the optical axis. For example, with a reading near vision distance of 33cm, which is often used by people, the simulated vision distance between the eyes of the tested person and the measured pattern can be adjusted to 33cm by adjusting the distance of the two red-green stripes from the optical axis.
At this time, a single-eye measurement mode is adopted, that is, one eye corresponds to a shielding pattern on the intelligent terminal, and the tested eye corresponds to a first measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal. The left and right positions of the slit sheet in the shell are adjusted by the transverse adjusting mechanism until the eye sees the measurement sighting marks clearly and brightly through the slit holes of the slit sheet, the operation is stopped, the confirmation key is pressed, a circuit in the signal processing assembly is triggered, and the signal processing assembly calculates the single-eye near interpupillary distance of the tested eye. Then, the lens group corresponding to the left and right eyes is turned over, and monocular near-pupil distance measurement of the other eye is performed by the same method. Finally, the signal processing component adds the single-eye interpupillary distances of the two eyes to obtain the near interpupillary distances of the two eyes of the tested person. The face mask simulating the radian of the human face is adopted to ensure that the equipment is attached to the face of a tested person, and the position of eyes relative to the equipment can not move left and right in the measuring process, so that the measuring accuracy is ensured.
Regulation force measurement
Calculating an adjustment range of the eye by measuring a dynamic refractive power (i.e., adjustment near point) and a static refractive power (i.e., adjustment far point) of the eye of the subject, the adjustment range being in units of length in cm; meanwhile, the adjusting amplitude of the eye can be calculated according to the refractive power of the adjusting near point and the refractive power of the adjusting far point, wherein the adjusting amplitude is the unit of the refractive power, and the unit is diopter, namely the adjusting power in the common sense.
The measuring of the accommodation force is achieved by means of a refractive power measuring lens group and an auxiliary lens group.
1. Static power (i.e. accommodation distance point) measurement
The measurement of the static power (i.e. accommodation distance) is based on the eye being relaxed, i.e. binocular fusion is performed first. After the portable optometry device is worn by a testee, binocular image combination is realized by adjusting the positions of eyes and the positions of the slit sheets of the portable optometry device in the left-right direction in the shell, namely, two eyes respectively see images which are displayed as a combination of a relaxation pattern and a first measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal through the dioptric capacity measurement lens group and the auxiliary lens group. After the binocular imaging is realized, eyes of a tested person are in a relaxed state, namely, the eyes are visual to infinity, and the measurement of the distance point is convenient to adjust.
Under the eye relaxation state, changing the pattern displayed on the intelligent terminal, so that one side of the intelligent terminal corresponding to one eye displays the relaxation pattern, and the other side of the intelligent terminal corresponding to the measured eye displays the measurement pattern. The distance between the red and green strips in the first measurement pattern is gradually reduced through the adjustment input mechanism, when the tested eyes watch that the red and green strips in the measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal are overlapped and changed into yellow strips, adjustment is stopped, the signal processing component is triggered, and the signal processing component calculates the adjustment far point value d of the tested eyes according to the distance that the red strips or the green strips move towards the center of the red and green strips Far distance According to d Far distance Calculating the refractive power P of the distance point Far distance 。
2. Dynamic power (i.e., accommodation near point) measurement
When the near point measurement is regulated, the front and back positions of the concave lenses in the dioptric capacity measurement lens group in the shell are changed, and the change of the vision distance from eyes to the intelligent terminal display pattern is simulated; the pattern seen by the subject's eyes will be clear from blurring until the optotype seen by the subject's eyes again becomes blurred. At this time, the distance between the red and green stripes is changed until the measured eye looks at Huang Setiao, the operation is stopped and confirmed, the circuit in the signal processing component is triggered, the signal processing component sends a signal to the intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal calculates the adjustment near point value d of the measured eye according to the moving distance of the concave lens and the distance of the red and green optotypes under the moving distance Near-to-near According to d Near-to-near Calculating power to adjust near pointP。
By measuring the near and far accommodation points, the accommodation force of the single eye, i.e. the accommodation range (d) Far distance -d Near-to-near ) Amplitude of accommodation of a single eye (P Near-to-near -P Far distance ）。
3. Naked eye vision measurement
The measurement of the naked eyes is realized by adopting an vision measuring lens group and an auxiliary lens group in the portable intelligent optometry instrument.
At this time, a single-eye measurement mode is adopted, that is, one eye corresponds to a shielding pattern on the intelligent terminal, and the tested eye corresponds to a second measurement pattern on the intelligent terminal. And the left and right positions of the vision measurement lens group in the shell are regulated by the transverse regulating mechanism until eyes, the vision measurement lens group and an E optotype on a second measurement chart on the intelligent terminal are on the same optical axis, so that the measurement of the monocular vision can be carried out.
And transforming the visual distance of the E optotype in the second measurement diagram on the screen of the intelligent terminal relative to the eyes of the detector to a standard distance of 5m through optical transformation of all devices in the vision measurement lens group. And then the size of the E optotype is changed through the input mechanism until the testee cannot recognize the directions of more than half of the appearing optotypes, the signal processing assembly is triggered, the signal processing assembly is synchronized to the intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal can record the naked eyes of the testee.
4. Visual acuity assessment
The invention can comprehensively judge whether the eye state of the tested person is in the pseudomyopia state or not through the measured static refractive power data, dynamic refractive power data and naked eye vision. The specific judgment method is as follows.
If the static refractive power of the tested person is smaller than or equal to zero and larger than or equal to-1.0, the naked eye vision is lower than the normal value, and the adjusting amplitude is lower than the standard adjusting amplitude, the tested person can be primarily judged to be in the pseudomyopia state; if the static refractive power of the measured person is smaller than or equal to zero, the naked eye vision is lower than a normal value, and the adjusting amplitude is equal to or smaller than the standard adjusting amplitude, the measured person can be preliminarily judged to be in a true myopia state; if the refractive power of the tested person is between minus 0.25 and plus 0.25 and the naked eye vision is normal, the eye state of the tested person can be primarily judged to be normal.
The invention can also analyze, summarize and judge the change trend of all measured values of the tested person in a certain period of time through the signal processing component, display through the intelligent terminal, and facilitate the tested person to evaluate and predict the vision condition of the tested person, and timely find the process of converting pseudomyopia into true myopia.
Claims (7)
1. Portable intelligent optometry appearance, its characterized in that: the device comprises a shell worn on the head, wherein an intelligent terminal for displaying a measurement pattern and a relaxation pattern, an optical lens assembly for changing the optical path between the measurement pattern and the human eye, a mechanical adjusting assembly for changing the relative distance and position of the optical lens assembly in the device and a signal processing assembly for analyzing and processing measured values are arranged in the shell; the input end of the signal processing component is connected with the signal output end of the mechanical adjusting component, and the output end of the signal processing component is connected with the controlled end of the intelligent terminal; the control end of the mechanical adjusting component is fixedly connected with a device in the optical lens component;
the optical lens assembly comprises a dioptric capacity measuring lens group, a vision measuring lens group and an auxiliary lens group, wherein the dioptric capacity measuring lens group is arranged in a shell in parallel and used for measuring pupil distance and dioptric capacity, the vision measuring lens group is used for measuring naked eyes, the auxiliary lens group is used for stimulating eyes to relax or tension, the shell is symmetrically provided with two channels which correspond to left and right eyes of a tested person respectively along a central axis, the dioptric capacity measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group are arranged in one channel in parallel, the dioptric capacity measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group can move left and right in the channel under the drive of the mechanical adjusting assembly, and the auxiliary lens group is fixedly arranged in the other channel;
the measuring pattern comprises two visual targets with different colors which are arranged oppositely in a black background; the optical power measuring lens group comprises a first concave lens for realizing scaling of the measuring pattern, a first convex lens for changing the visual distance between the measuring pattern and a measured person and a slit sheet for realizing measurement of each performance parameter of eyes and being parallel to a screen of the intelligent terminal, wherein the first concave lens is arranged close to the intelligent terminal, the slit sheet is arranged close to the tail end of an optical path of the eyes of the measured person, and the first convex lens is arranged between the first concave lens and the slit sheet and is arranged close to the slit sheet.
2. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 1, wherein: the slit sheet comprises a substrate which is arranged in the shell and has an incident light selection function, and a light transmission hole is formed in a position, corresponding to eyes of a tested person, on the substrate.
3. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 2, wherein: the light passing holes are two parallel slit seams or a plurality of groups of opposite small holes, and the distance between the adjacent slit seams or the adjacent small holes is 2.5+/-2 mm.
4. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical adjusting component comprises a transverse adjusting mechanism for changing the left and right positions of the dioptric power measuring lens group and the vision measuring lens group in the shell, a longitudinal adjusting mechanism for changing the front and back positions of the concave lens in the channel and an input mechanism for inputting optotype conversion instructions in the measuring pattern to the intelligent terminal.
5. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 1, wherein: the vision measurement lens group comprises two second concave lenses for reducing the screen image of the mobile phone and a second convex lens for changing the size of the screen image and the visual distance, the second concave lens is arranged close to the intelligent terminal, and the second convex lens is arranged close to the tail end of the light path of the eyes of the tested person.
6. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 1, wherein: and a third convex lens used for changing the visual distance is arranged in the auxiliary lens group, and the third concave lens is arranged close to the tail end of the shell of the eye of the tested person.
7. The portable intelligent optometry unit of claim 1, wherein: the signal processing component comprises a data processor, an encoder for collecting the change state and displacement of the optical lens component and a communication module for sending a measurement result to the intelligent terminal; the input end of the data processor is connected with the signal end of the encoder, and the output end of the data processor is connected with the controlled end of the communication module.
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| CN109893079A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 山东善林视光科技有限公司 | A kind of shared vision drop base station |
| CN111419170A (en) * | 2020-04-06 | 2020-07-17 | 苏州微清医疗器械有限公司 | Binocular vision screening instrument and control method thereof |
| CN112754418A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-07 | 瑞尔明康(杭州)视光科技有限公司 | Portable binocular vision function training instrument |
| CN113367655B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-06-10 | 赣南医学院第一附属医院 | Multi-functional ophthalmic anterior segment imaging device based on slit lamp platform |
| CN115553711A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-03 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Self-adaptive optics and wavefront detection system based on mask modulation |
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