CN108319161A - A kind of industry SCADA system emulation platform - Google Patents
A kind of industry SCADA system emulation platform Download PDFInfo
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform, which can realize Modbus/TCP, IEC 60,870 5 104 in industrial SCADA system, BACnet/IP agreements.Platform is divided into four parts：Simulate the emulation module of virtual controlled device, PLC honey jars, SCADA servers, protocol communication module.Industrial SCADA system network data flow of the platform physical simulation including a variety of typical industry control agreements, mode is built using based on PLC honey jars, by realizing respondent behaviors of the PLC to SCADA servers and the control function to controlled device, it simulates the network data flow that true industrial control system environment interior joint scale is big, agreement is more, interactive mode is special, realizes in industrial SCADA system the complete communication process of data between process monitoring layer, field control layer and controlled device.Using emulation module as the flexibility of virtual controlled device, PLC honey jars are packaged in conjunction with the light weight of docker environment, the portable of platform is realized, can expand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial control system fields, more particularly to the controlled device of industrial control system site environment into
Row simulation carries out building for extensive PLC network emulation platform, and realizes engineer station and virtual controlled couple by virtual PLC
The interactive function of elephant.
Background technology
Industrial control system is by various automation control components and the process for being acquired and monitoring to real time data
Control assembly, what is collectively formed ensures the operation flow management and control system of the operation of industrial technology utility automation, process control and monitoring
System, core component includes data acquisition analysis system (SCADA), dcs (DCS), Programmable logical controller
Device (PLC), remote terminal (RTU), intelligent electronic device (IED) and the interfacing for ensuring each assembly communication, in China petrochemical industry,
Each field extensive use such as electric power, building, traffic, medical treatment, metallurgy.
The industrial system design of early stage is usually the system environments of autonomous closure, and physical isolation shape is in external network
State, seldom can be by the information security threats for carrying out automatic network, and not with the high speed development of information technology and industrialization degree
It is disconnected to promote, it is information-based to become development trend with industrialization is closely merged intelligent production, lead to industrial control system network opening
Gradually enhance, the industrial control system and management system of enterprise can be communicated directly, or even can connect internet.And with
This simultaneously, there is many differences in industrial control system, include mainly again with traditional IT system：In system aspects, industrial control system is to being
The availability of system and the requirement of real-time of communication are higher, to ensure requirement of real-time, do not use the communication mode of high flow capacity usually,
And its communication process typically exhibits certain fixed patterns under stable state, and IT system then focuses on data in communication process
Integrality and confidentiality usually require high flow capacity and ensure accordingly, in this case, information security prestige from internet
The side of body is so that existing industrial control system security protection seems more fragile.
This particularity of industrial control system, which directly results in invader, to utilize corresponding interactive mode to realize to industry control
The serious destruction of system, and industry control security fields frequently occur APT (Advanced Persistent Threat, height in recent years
Grade duration threatens) attack：10 years Iranian Bushire nuclear power stations of Stuxnet worm-type viruses invasion, cause 20% centrifuge to be scrapped,
Significantly delay the implementation of Iranian nuclear power plan；11 years Duqu wooden horses, 12 years Flame viruses, 14 years Havex viruses are stolen
It wins the confidence breath, destruction system；By BlackEnergy virus attacks, 60 substations are attacked 15 years Ukraine's power grids, are caused
140 general-purpose families have a power failure；These events are shown under certain specific protocol environment, and invader can pointedly build " normal " number
Reach intrusion target according to stream, long-term latent and destruction is realized to pretend identity.Therefore, to industrial control system scene ring
The simulation and research of network data flow are particularly important in border.
Network data flow in industrial control system can reflect the pattern and state of industrial control system operation.It is controlled in industry
In the correlative study of system security fields processed, many correlative studys can know the true shape of system by analyzing the network data flow
State, but industrial control system itself is more complicated, scale node is more, builds with high costs, and application scenarios are mostly in key
Infrastructure, traditional industry field.Which results in the course of the research, the real-time number of industrial control system site environment is obtained
According to relatively difficult, it is also difficult to it obtains the arthorization, and to build system simulation platform then has high requirements to professional knowledge, thus
Most of research association selects the simple environment of increase income data set or single-point interaction to carry out analysis verification, this is credible in loss data
Also the information that data include can be reduced while spending.Based on all kinds of demands, industry can be simulated by how building one at low cost
The extensive PLC network emulation platform of interactive mode seems particularly significant in control system site environment.
Currently, according to the research scale of experiment porch, research purpose, industry field is different, typical industry control system peace
Full experiment porch typically can be mainly divided into following two categories, be small-sized platform in kind or without object industry control artificial network respectively.
1) small-sized platform in kind
Such platform needs to buy industrial control system equipment, and scale is often smaller, and the PLC nodes of deployment are limited, and are
Interactive mode of uniting is single, has the longer platform construction period for different demands, and scalability is poor, what platform can carry out enters
Invade, the simulation of operation behavior and test it is limited.
2) without object industry control artificial network
Such test platform is utilized using the physical space and information space in emulation tool simulation industrial control system
It attacks emulation tool and carries out typical attack simulation.The advantages of this kind of platform is of low cost, and scale is easy to control, is ground convenient for science
Study carefully, but interact shortcoming between engineer station and controlled device, the former is due to the most manual operation production of the limitation of emulation tool
Raw network data flow, the latter is presented mostly has operation but the information such as ill-mannered state variable, data deficiency authenticity.
For building for industrial SCADA system emulation platform, key point is the realization of functions of modules and communication network.Mesh
The preceding security platform to industrial control system builds research still in primary stage, frame of the most people for industrial control system
Structure, agreement, interactive mode and communication mode understanding are less, almost without what is simulated for industrial control system site environment
Emulation platform realizes that the platform assists in the structure for understanding industrial control system itself, the format and feature of agreement, node
Between interactive mode and pattern, to typical industry control process have more intuitive understanding with clearly cognition.This platform
It builds mainly based on simulation, realizes the simulation test platform of multinode, and dispose controlled device and controlled, with preferably
Meet Research Requirements, while there is certain authenticity.Do not have to stick to very much cost on realization method, and to partial function into
It has gone encapsulation, has been realized convenient for follow-up expand.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of lightweight, expansible large-scale industry
SCADA system emulation platform.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of industry SCADA system emulation platform, packet
It includes：Simulate emulation module, PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) honey jar, SCADA servers, the protocol communication of virtual controlled device
Module；
Emulation module is used to simulate the industrial controlled device of mathematical abstractions, being capable of the transmission of real-time reception SCADA servers
Control signal, and database is written into state variable and output variable, and by the shape in protocol communication module reading database
State variable and output variable are sent to PLC honey jars in real time；
PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) honey jar realizes target protocol stack function, receives and stores emulation module transmission
In state variable and output variable to particular register, and the request of SCADA servers is responded, replys corresponding solicited message, together
When receive SCADA servers send control signal, store into particular register, and response protocol communication module ask, return
Multiple corresponding solicited message, sends control signals to protocol communication module；
SCADA servers are provided to the register data of PLC honey jars, daily record, the inquiry of configuration information, SCADA history numbers
It is established according to library and the information of emulation platform files display function, and control signal is sent to PLC honey jars；
Protocol communication module establishes the data interaction of PLC honey jars and emulation module, and the shape of controlled device is read from database
State variable and output variable, and the register data of PLC honey jars is written, it is posted by sending request realization to PLC honey jars
The reading of the control signal stored in storage, and based on controlled device information and control signal, obtain exporting to object model
Control instruction realizes control function.
Further, the emulation module is realized by simulink in Matlab, while being write corresponding M files and being realized base
The real-time Communication for Power between emulation module and database, and the control instruction sent by protocol communication module are realized to object model
External control function.
Further, the agreement used in the protocol stack that the PLC honey jars are realized opens for typical industry control system assists
View, including Modbus/TCP, IEC 60870-5-104, BACnet/IP.
Further, the PLC honey jars be realize complete protocol stack PLC simulation softwares, and provide industry control protocol communication,
The external interface of data base read-write realizes the response to industry control agreement and database protocol respectively.
Further, the standard document of the PLC honey jars based on respective protocol, analyze agreement request and response format and
Behavior pattern adds interactive module with this, builds typical module data flow by writing corresponding Python, realizes industry SCADA
Typical interactive mode in system.
Further, the PLC honey jars are packaged by docker, same protocol environment portable docker containers.
Further, the PLC honey jars carry out independent deployment using docker is one-to-one, and it is mutual to establish node IP, MAC Address
Different PLC artificial networks are realized the light weight of platform, can be expanded.
Further, the PLC honey jars realize multisegment docker containers across main-machine communication by virtual bridge.
Further, the SCADA servers realize register address, the data correlation of multi-protocols based on agreement feature.
Further, the SCADA servers utilize each association by the way that widely used configuration software is realized in industrial control system
Discuss the communication of driver realization and PLC honey jars, the final part typical case's interactive mode realized in industrial control system.
Further, the protocol communication module establishes object interface module by agreement, generates protocol data packet, transmission
Controlled device information is to PLC honey jars.
Further, the PLC honey jars are to have the low interactive honey jar of corresponding function complete protocol stack, it can be achieved that reality
The simulation of PLC structures and response mechanism, and pass through the communication of external data base realization and SCADA servers and emulation module.
Further, the protocol communication module is realized using Python, C language code as reading, modification PLC honey jars
The protocol client of register data realizes portion protocol stack needed for read-write.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, this platform uses virtual emulation platform.It realizes control process complicated in SCADA system and typically interacts mould
Formula has effectively reproduced the network data flow of site environment in Industry Control SCADA system, and integrality, the authenticity of information are preferable,
The platform construction period is short, at low cost simultaneously, and deployment is more convenient, has good realizability.
2, this platform provides plant model state information database and SCADA Server history databases, convenient for control
The acquisition of reference value during function processed is changed, module is replaced and test process.
3, this platform provides the state information change picture of controlled device in emulation module, and system mode is obtained convenient for intuitive
And the progress accordingly studied.
4, the PLC honey jars modification that this platform uses is convenient, and the multiplexing of gained container, the again side of encapsulation are packaged in conjunction with docker
Just, it is convenient for platform to update and extend.
5, this platform is added to the communication module between emulation module and database, adds different target plant models
Another industrial control process site environment simulation can be realized with control function algorithm.
6, this platform is added to the communication module between PLC honey jars and database, adds different protocol stacks and can be realized not
With the control of industrial control system plant model under protocol environment and the basic interactive mode between SCADA servers
7, this platform provides the monitoring of emulation module status information and control function module in SCADA servers, is easy to implement
The operations such as setting value modification, can be better achieved under various scenes the network flow data of site environment in industrial control system
Simulation.
8, this platform provides PLC honey jar interactive interfaces, can realize that invasion is surveyed simply by general vulnerability scanning platform
Examination generates test case.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the abstract architecture of this platform；
Fig. 2 is that the Docker bridges of this platform PLC honey jars realize structure.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Industry SCADA system emulation platform provided by the invention realizes that agreement includes：Modbus/TCP、IEC 60870-5-
104, the agreements such as BACnet/IP.Platform is made of four parts：Emulation module, the PLC for simulating virtual controlled device are (programmable
Logic controller) honey jar, SCADA servers (PLC host computers), protocol communication module.The platform physical simulation includes a variety of
Industrial SCADA system network data flow including typical industry control agreement, using the emulation side of building based on docker and PLC honey jars
Formula carrys out the authenticity and scalability of Coordination Platform, realizes that simulating realistic industrial control system environment interior joint scale is big, agreement is more, hands over
The features such as mutually pattern is special.Wherein emulation module is attached mainly as the virtual controlled device of PLC honey jars using database
Realize the reception for being sent out information and controlling signal.Platform main process is that PLC honey jars pass downwardly through communication module and data
Library communicates, and read-write database information realizes monitoring and control to virtual controlled device operational process, upwards specifically to interact
The request of mode response SCADA servers sends status information, realizes process monitoring layer in industrial SCADA system, scene control
The complete communication process of data between preparative layer and controlled device.Its abstract architecture such as attached drawing 1.
Controlled device and profit are built and simulated to the emulation module of virtual controlled device by the simulink modules of Matlab
Establish real-time Communication for Power with the database interface of Matlab, realize controlled device status information corresponding with being transmitted between controller and
Control the information such as signal.Matlab can also record each data parameter of display and plot and display in real time in the process of running, and be controlled
Object is after receiving external control signal, and Matlab can calculate modification process data parameter in real time, by the status information after change
It is sent to controller, and situation of change is intuitively shown in data parametric image.Its advantage has：Facilitate and simulates different industry
Control scene, it may be convenient to change controlled device.Matlab simulated programs use specific industrial process, such as Tennessee
Eastman processes hold water tank with four and control process.MATLAB emulation modules and external data base are realized by writing corresponding M files
Communication.Matlab simulated program process variables are transferred to database using the M files, and defeated from database reading control signal
Enter into plant model, plant model calculates update controlled device state in real time.
PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) honey jar：Controller uses PLC simulation softwares, combines corresponding association on this basis
Discuss the corresponding interactive module of typical interactive mode addition in industrial SCADA system.In the PC or void where SCADA servers
Quasi- machine, the driver for needing to configure respective protocol realize that the function of agreement Client, PLC honey jars are responded as agreement Server
The request of Client.For Modbus/TCP agreements, it is implemented as increasing income honey jar based on Conpot, self-defined mould is realized in modification
Block type, address meet the simulation demand of different nodes, different function PLC, mainly have in industrial control system logic coil,
Discrete input, input bit register and several typical types of holding register, and the interaction such as periodic polling is realized by protocol stack
The response of pattern.For BACnet/IP agreements, specific implementation is also to be increased income honey jar based on Conpot, and addition simulation input is defeated
Go out totally 18 kinds of object types including object, binary system output object, device object, file object, program object etc., often
Kind object has independent structure and respective object accesses service.For IEC 60870-5-104 agreements, specific implementation
For the FreyrSCADA PLC honey jars based on automation of transformation substations agreement, interpolation data library operation module, and according to the spy of agreement
Point addition Implement of Function Module such as always calls, is sent in slave station active at the interactive modes.PLC honey jars based on modification, in docker rings
The basic environment (Python, C running environment) needed for it is configured in border, is carried out one-to-one container encapsulation, is obtained light, Yi Yi
The PLC honey jar containers planted, expanded are multiplexed docker containers in the PC or virtual machine for realizing control function, delete according to demand,
Modified module, and virtual docker bridges are established by host port mapping, it realizes more in the case of not occurring address repetition
For network segment Docker containers across main-machine communication, Bridge configuration is as shown in Figure 2.
SCADA servers (PLC host computers)：Engineer station is equipped with programming configuration software, realizes to each PLC honey jars engineering
Project into edlin, modification, download, upload, SCADA servers are the SCADA/ established based on configuration software IFIX
HMI system is configured by each protocol-driven and realizes Configuration Communication to establish status information and register in PLC honey jars in each agreement
Data it is interrelated, while each PLC honey jars register type, address and corresponding work(are correctly configured according to the analysis to agreement
Can, with production equipment monitoring, operation, creation data it is real-time acquisition, storage, alarm, print etc. functions.
Protocol communication module：The main deposit considered by writing in portion protocol stack realization PLC honey jars needed for each agreement
Read-write of the device to external database data.For Modbus/TCP agreements, the substations Modbus/TCP PLC are realized by Python
It is in communication with, is realized as object interface module and read controlled device information from database and be sent to PLC honey jars, to it
Register data is written, in addition, realizing that the control signal data stored in register is read by sending request to PLC honey jars
It takes, controlled device information and control signal is handled by control algolithm on this basis, output control instruction is calculated, to reach
PLC honey jars mainly use PID control to the control function of plant model, control algolithm, by control variable, target loop
The modules such as difference addition lag, amplitude limit, by taking four hold the Liquid level of water tank as an example, control variable is high water tank, the quilt of input
It is respectively liquid level actual value and level set value to control object information and control signal, and controlled valve is calculated by control algolithm
Aperture, to realize control level stability be setting value target.For IEC 60870-5-104, BACnet agreements, pass through
C language realizes that IEC-104Client is communicated with, and object interface module is realized in the same way, to being posted in its PLC honey jar
Latch data is written and read.
Platform overall operation process is：Matlab emulation modules realize controlled device simulation, generate the state of industrial process
Variable and output variable realize the real-time Communication for Power with external data base using M files.The PLC honey jars of configuration modification target protocol
And protocol communication module, it realizes that the two is communicated as Server, Client, is based on this channel, protocol communication module is read
State variable in database and output variable are packaged into the corresponding identifiable protocol data packet of PLC honey jars by protocol stack and send out
PLC honey jars are given, PLC honey jars receive and store Obj State information to specific memory.It is driven and is established based on target protocol
Communication between SCADA servers and PLC honey jars, PLC honey jars receive the control information that SCADA servers are sent, protocol communication
Module combination Obj State information obtains control instruction, and is sent to controlled device by the channel that protocol communication module is established,
Realize the control to controlled device.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of industry SCADA system emulation platform, it is characterised in that：Emulation module, PLC including simulating virtual controlled device
Honey jar, SCADA servers, protocol communication module；
Emulation module is used to simulate the industrial controlled device of mathematical abstractions, is capable of the control of real-time reception SCADA servers transmission
Signal processed, and database is written into state variable and output variable, and become by the state in protocol communication module reading database
Amount and output variable, are sent to PLC honey jars in real time；
PLC honey jars realize target protocol stack function, receive and store emulation module transmission state variable and output variable to spy
Determine in register, and respond the request of SCADA servers, reply corresponding solicited message, while receiving the transmission of SCADA servers
Signal is controlled, is stored into particular register, and response protocol communication module is asked, and is replied corresponding solicited message, will be controlled
Signal is sent to protocol communication module；
SCADA servers are provided to the register data of PLC honey jars, daily record, the inquiry of configuration information, SCADA historical data bases
It establishes and the information of emulation platform files display function, and control signal is sent to PLC honey jars；
Protocol communication module establishes the data interaction of PLC honey jars and emulation module, and the state that controlled device is read from database becomes
Amount and output variable, and the register data of PLC honey jars is written, realize register by sending request to PLC honey jars
The reading of the control signal of middle storage, and based on controlled device information and control signal, obtain exporting to the control of object model
Control function is realized in instruction.
2. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the emulation module is logical
It crosses simulink in Matlab to realize, while writing corresponding M files and realizing based on real-time Communication for Power between emulation module and database, and
The control instruction sent by protocol communication module realizes the external control function to object model.
3. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars are realized
Protocol stack in the agreement that uses for typical industry control system open protocol, including Modbus/TCP, IEC60870-5-104,
BACnet/IP。
4. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars are real
The PLC simulation softwares of existing complete protocol stack, and the external interface of industry control protocol communication, data base read-write is provided, realization pair respectively
The response of industry control agreement and database protocol.
5. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars are based on
The standard document of respective protocol analyzes the format and behavior pattern of agreement request and response, adds interactive module with this, realizes work
Typical interactive mode in industry SCADA system.
6. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars pass through
Docker is packaged, same protocol environment portable docker containers.
7. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars utilize
Docker is one-to-one to carry out independent deployment, establish node IP, MAC Address inequality PLC artificial networks.
8. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PLC honey jars pass through
Virtual bridge realizes multisegment docker containers across main-machine communication.
9. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the SCADA servers
Register address, the data correlation of multi-protocols are realized based on agreement feature.
10. a kind of industrial SCADA system emulation platform according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the protocol communication mould
Block establishes object interface module by agreement, generates protocol data packet, transmission controlled device information to PLC honey jars.
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