CN108318486B - Experimental device for observing influence of harmful gas on plants - Google Patents
Experimental device for observing influence of harmful gas on plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318486B CN108318486B CN201711422279.2A CN201711422279A CN108318486B CN 108318486 B CN108318486 B CN 108318486B CN 201711422279 A CN201711422279 A CN 201711422279A CN 108318486 B CN108318486 B CN 108318486B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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Abstract
Experimental apparatus is observed to harmful gas to plant influence nature, including the observation box, the observation box is transparent material, the one end of two guide rails of one side bottom fixed connection of observation box, and the cross-section of guide rail is I shape structure, is parallel to each other between the guide rail, is equipped with the scale on the guide rail, movable mounting sliding seat on every guide rail, and the cross-section of sliding seat is C type structure. The limiting seat and the sliding seat can only horizontally slide along the guide rail, the limiting seat can be fixed on the guide rail by screwing the bolt, when the sliding seat touches a contact switch on the limiting seat, the motor stops working, the guide rail is provided with scale marks, the feeding amount of harmful gas and moisture can be accurately controlled by adjusting the position of the limiting seat, the feeding amount of the harmful gas can be calculated by the position and the scale marks of the limiting seat, the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured, and different amounts of harmful gas can be fed by adjusting the position of the limiting seat, so that the influence of different amounts of harmful gas on plants can be observed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experimental devices, and particularly relates to an experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gas on plants.
Background
The plant growth requires proper light, proper temperature, water, necessary humidity and air, etc. The gas is one of the essential important factors in the plant growth process, and the effect and influence on the plants are important contents in scientific and biological courses of different stages such as primary school, middle school, university and the like. In recent years, with the reduction of air quality, harmful gases in the air are gradually increased, the quality of improving and protecting the air through green plants is more and more emphasized, in order to reasonably plant the plants to absorb the harmful gases, the influence of the harmful gases on different plants needs to be observed, and therefore specific strategic guidelines are made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gas on plants, which is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants comprises an observation box, wherein the observation box is made of transparent materials, the bottom of one side of the observation box is fixedly connected with one end of two guide rails, the cross sections of the guide rails are in an I-shaped structure, the guide rails are parallel to each other, scales are arranged on the guide rails, a sliding seat is movably arranged on each guide rail, the cross section of the sliding seat is in a C-shaped structure, a motor is arranged above the sliding seat, the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of the motor are respectively and fixedly connected with the top surfaces of the corresponding sliding seats, the sliding seats can respectively and simultaneously horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rails, a limiting seat is movably arranged on one guide rail and can horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rail, the cross section of the limiting seat is in the C-shaped structure, a contact switch is arranged on the left side of the limiting seat and is connected with a motor circuit, the contact switch can, a bolt is installed in the second screw hole, the bolt is in threaded fit with the second screw hole, the lower end of the bolt can be in contact fit with the top surface of a corresponding guide rail, a steel cylinder is arranged between the motor and the observation box and fixedly installed on the surface of the observation platform through a fixing device, the right side of the steel cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of a steel pipe, the other end of the steel pipe is fixedly connected with one side of the observation box, the steel pipe is respectively and simultaneously communicated with the steel cylinder and the inside of the observation box, valves are respectively and fixedly installed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the left end of the inner wall of the steel pipe, a first piston is movably installed in the steel cylinder, the periphery of the first piston can be in contact fit with and can horizontally slide along the inner wall of the steel cylinder, the left side of the first piston is connected with one end of a first screw rod through a bearing, a first screw hole, the first screw rod penetrates through the first screw hole and is in threaded fit with the first screw hole, the other end of the first screw rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the output shaft of the motor, the top surface of the steel cylinder is provided with a first C-shaped pipe, the two ends of the first C-shaped pipe are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sides of the top surface of the steel cylinder, the two ends of the first C-shaped pipe are communicated with the inside of the steel cylinder, the two sides of the first C-shaped pipe are respectively provided with a one-way valve, a harmful gas storage tank is arranged above one side of the steel cylinder and is fixedly connected with the steel cylinder through a gas guide pipe, the gas guide pipe can be respectively and simultaneously communicated with the harmful gas storage tank and the inside of the steel cylinder, the one-way valve is arranged on the gas guide pipe, a wet gas bottle is arranged above the steel pipe, the wet gas bottle is fixedly arranged on the, a check valve is arranged on the vertical pipe, a second C-shaped pipe is arranged on one side of the wet gas bottle, two ends of the second C-shaped pipe are respectively and fixedly connected with the top and the bottom of one side of the wet gas bottle, two ends of the second C-shaped pipe are communicated with the interior of the wet gas bottle, the top surface of the inner wall of the wet gas bottle is connected with the upper end of a second screw rod through a bearing, a bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the second screw rod, a humidifying device is arranged above the wet gas bottle and is fixedly connected with the interior of the wet gas bottle through a pipeline, a check valve is arranged on the pipeline, vertical strip-shaped grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the wet gas bottle, a second piston is arranged on the second screw rod in a threaded manner, a third screw hole is arranged on the top surface of the second piston, the second screw rod penetrates through the third screw hole and is in threaded fit with the third screw rod, slide blocks are respectively and are respectively, the lower part of the back of the wet gas bottle is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is connected with the periphery of the rotating shaft through a bearing, the front end of the rotating shaft is positioned in the wet gas bottle and fixedly provided with the same bevel gears, the two bevel gears are mutually meshed, the rear end of the rotating shaft is positioned outside the wet gas bottle and fixedly provided with a gear, the top surface of the motor is fixedly connected with one end of an L-shaped rack, the other end of the L-shaped rack faces the wet gas bottle, and a horizontal rack of the L-shaped rack can be.
The experimental device for observing the influence of the harmful gas on the plants is characterized in that the top of the right side of the observation box is fixedly connected with one end of an air pipe, the air pipe is communicated with the outside and the inside of the observation box respectively, and the air pipe is provided with a one-way valve.
The experimental device for observing the influence of the harmful gases on the plants is characterized in that the bottom of the right side of the observation box is fixedly connected with one end of an exhaust pipe, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly provided with a gas purification device.
The experimental device for observing the influence of the harmful gas on the plants comprises an observation box, wherein a fan is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the inner wall of the observation box and provided with a power device, the power device is a fan motor, and the fan motor is positioned outside the observation box.
As above-mentioned harmful gas observes experimental apparatus to plant influence nature, the left side fixed connection elastic rubber tube's of first piston one end, the inner wall left side of the other end fixed connection steel bottle of elastic rubber tube, the internal diameter of elastic rubber tube is greater than the diameter of first screw, first screw rod passes from the elastic rubber tube.
The experimental device for observing the influence of the harmful gas on the plants is characterized in that a plurality of connecting rods are arranged between the guide rails, the connecting rods are parallel to each other, and the front end and the rear end of each connecting rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the corresponding guide rails.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention drives a first screw rod to rotate by starting a motor, the first screw rod is in threaded fit with a first screw hole, a steel bottle is fixedly arranged on the surface of an observation platform through a fixing device, the first screw rod can drive a first piston to move towards the right side along the steel bottle, the first screw rod can move towards the right side along the first screw hole while rotating, so that the motor can be driven to move towards the right side, the motor and a sliding seat move towards the right side along a guide rail, the first piston moves to enable harmful gas in the steel bottle to enter an observation box through a steel pipe, meanwhile, the harmful gas in a harmful gas storage tank is supplemented into the steel bottle through a gas guide pipe, the top surface of the motor is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rack, the L-shaped rack is meshed with a gear, so that the gear can be driven to rotate, the gear is fixedly connected with a corresponding bevel gear through a rotating shaft, bevel gear and second screw rod fixed connection, can drive the second screw rod and rotate, second screw rod and third screw thread fit, and the both sides of second piston are fixed mounting slider respectively, the slider is located the bar inslot that corresponds respectively, the second piston can't rotate in step with the second screw rod, make the second piston follow wet gas cylinder downstream, moisture in the wet gas cylinder passes through in the standpipe gets into the steel pipe, moisture in the humidification device passes through in the pipeline supplyes the income wet gas cylinder simultaneously, then moisture passes through the steel pipe with harmful gas and gets into in the observation box, thereby satisfy the required necessary humidity condition of plant growth in the observation box, avoid influencing the accuracy of experimental result. The motor is the motor that just reverses, the control motor reversal can drive first piston left side motion, the harmful gas that the replenishment entered in the steel bottle shifts to the right side through the left side of first piston of first C type pipe follow, the valve can prevent that the gas in the observation box and the moisture in the wet gas cylinder from passing through the steel pipe and getting into in the steel bottle, the upward movement of second piston simultaneously, the moisture that the replenishment entered in the wet gas cylinder shifts to the below from the top of second piston through second C type pipe, it makes preparation to feed harmful gas and moisture for the experiment next time. The limiting seat and the sliding seat can only horizontally slide along the guide rail, the limiting seat can be fixed on the guide rail by screwing the bolt, when the sliding seat touches a contact switch on the limiting seat, the motor stops working, the guide rail is provided with scale marks, the feeding amount of harmful gas and moisture can be accurately controlled by adjusting the position of the limiting seat, the feeding amount of the harmful gas can be calculated by the position and the scale marks of the limiting seat, the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured, different amounts of the harmful gas can be fed by adjusting the position of the limiting seat, so that the influence of different amounts of the harmful gas on plants can be observed, an observation box is made of transparent material, the illumination required by the plants can be met, the observing personnel can conveniently observe and record the growth vigor of the plants, a temperature adjusting device is arranged in the observation box to adjust proper temperature, and the conditions of the harmful gas and humidity are supplemented by the first piston and the second piston, the device has the advantages that the influence of external factors on the growth of plants is avoided as much as possible, the steel cylinder and the steel pipe are designed in an anti-corrosion mode, harmful gas can be prevented from corroding the steel cylinder and the steel pipe, the leakage of the harmful gas is avoided, the safety of the air environment around the experimental device is guaranteed, the physical health of experimenters can be guaranteed, the device can be repeatedly used for many times, and after the gas in the observation box is exhausted, the device can carry out observation experiments on different plants for many times.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the view from the direction A of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the view of FIG. 1 taken along line B; fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the view along direction C of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants is shown in the figure and comprises an observation box 1, wherein the observation box 1 is made of transparent materials, the bottom of one side of the observation box 1 is fixedly connected with one end of two guide rails 2, the sections of the guide rails 2 are in an I-shaped structure, the guide rails 2 are parallel to each other, the guide rails 2 are provided with scales, a sliding seat 3 is movably installed on each guide rail 2, the section of the sliding seat 3 is in a C-shaped structure, a motor 4 is arranged above the sliding seat 3, the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of the motor 4 are respectively and fixedly connected with the top surfaces of the corresponding sliding seats 3, the sliding seats 3 can respectively and simultaneously horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rails 2, a limiting seat 12 is movably installed on one guide rail 2, the limiting seat 12 can horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rail 2, the section of the limiting seat 12 is in a C-shaped structure, the contact switch can be in contact fit with the right side of the corresponding sliding seat 3, the top surface of the limiting seat 12 is provided with a second screw hole 13, a bolt 14 is installed in the second screw hole 13 through threads, the bolt 14 is in thread fit with the second screw hole 13, the lower end of the bolt 14 can be in contact fit with the top surface of the corresponding guide rail 2, a steel cylinder 5 is arranged between the motor 4 and the observation box 1, the steel cylinder 5 is fixedly installed on the surface of the observation table through a fixing device, the right side of the steel cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with one end of a steel pipe 6, the other end of the steel pipe 6 is fixedly connected with one side of the observation box 1, the steel pipe 6 is respectively communicated with the steel cylinder 5 and the inside of the observation box 1, the top surface and the bottom surface of the left end of the inner wall of the steel pipe 6 are respectively and fixedly provided with a valve 7, a first piston 8 is movably installed in the steel cylinder 5, the periphery of the first piston 8, the left side of the steel cylinder 5 is provided with a first screw hole 10, the first screw hole 10 is respectively communicated with the steel cylinder 5 and the outside simultaneously, the first screw hole 10 is collinear with the central line of a first screw rod 9, the first screw rod 9 passes through the first screw hole 10 and is in threaded fit with the first screw rod, the other end of the first screw rod 9 is fixedly connected with the end part of the output shaft of the motor 4, the top surface of the steel cylinder 5 is provided with a first C-shaped pipe 11, two ends of the first C-shaped pipe 11 are respectively and fixedly connected with two sides of the top surface of the steel cylinder 5, two ends of the first C-shaped pipe 11 are respectively communicated with the inside of the steel cylinder 5, two sides of the first C-shaped pipe 11 are respectively provided with a check valve, a harmful gas storage tank is arranged above one side of the steel cylinder 5, the harmful gas storage tank is fixedly connected with the steel cylinder 5 through a gas guide pipe, the gas, the wet gas bottle 15 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the observation platform through a fixing device, the bottom surface of the wet gas bottle 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a vertical pipe 16, the lower end of the vertical pipe 16 is fixedly connected with the top surface of a steel pipe 6, the vertical pipe 16 is respectively and simultaneously communicated with the steel pipe 6 and the inside of the wet gas bottle 15, a one-way valve is arranged on the vertical pipe 16, one side of the wet gas bottle 15 is provided with a second C-shaped pipe 17, two ends of the second C-shaped pipe 17 are respectively and fixedly connected with the top and the bottom of one side of the wet gas bottle 15, two ends of the second C-shaped pipe 17 are both communicated with the inside of the wet gas bottle 15, the top surface of the inner wall of the wet gas bottle 15 is connected with the upper end of a second screw 18 through a bearing, the lower end periphery of the second screw 18 is fixedly provided with a bevel gear 19, a humidifying device is, a second piston 21 is installed on a second screw 18 in a threaded mode, a third screw hole 22 is formed in the top surface of the second piston 21, the second screw 18 penetrates through the third screw hole 22 and is in threaded fit with the third screw hole, sliding blocks 23 are fixedly installed on two sides of the second piston 21 respectively, the sliding blocks 23 are located in corresponding strip-shaped grooves 20 respectively and can slide along the corresponding strip-shaped grooves, the periphery of the second piston 21 is in contact fit with the inner wall of the wet gas bottle 15 and can slide along the inner wall, a through hole 28 is formed in the lower portion of the back surface of the wet gas bottle 15, the inner wall of the through hole 28 is connected with the periphery of a rotating shaft 29 through a bearing, the front end of the rotating shaft 29 is located in the wet gas bottle 15 and is fixedly provided with the same bevel gear 19, the two bevel gears 19 are meshed with each other, the rear end of the rotating shaft 29 is located outside the wet gas bottle 15 and is fixedly provided with a gear 30, the top surface of the motor 4 is fixedly connected with one end of. The invention drives a first screw rod 9 to rotate by starting a motor 4, the first screw rod 9 is in threaded fit with a first screw hole 10, a steel bottle 5 is fixedly arranged on the surface of an observation platform by a fixing device, the first screw rod 9 rotates to drive a first piston 8 to move towards the right side along the steel bottle 5, the first screw rod 9 rotates and simultaneously advances towards the right side along the first screw hole 10, so as to drive the motor 4 to move towards the right side, the motor 4 and a sliding seat 3 move towards the right side along a guide rail 2, the first piston 8 moves to enable harmful gas in the steel bottle 5 to enter an observation box 1 through a steel pipe 6, meanwhile, the harmful gas in a harmful gas storage tank is supplemented into the steel bottle 5 through a gas guide pipe, the top surface of the motor 4 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rack 31, the L-shaped rack 31 is meshed with a gear 30, so as to drive the gear 30 to rotate, the gear 30 is fixedly connected with a, two bevel gears 19 are meshed with each other, so that the bevel gears 19 can be driven to rotate, the bevel gears 19 are fixedly connected with the second screw rods 18, the second screw rods 18 can be driven to rotate, the second screw rods 18 are in threaded fit with the third screw holes 22, sliding blocks 23 are fixedly mounted on two sides of the second piston 21 respectively, the sliding blocks 23 are located in corresponding strip-shaped grooves 20 respectively, the second piston 21 cannot rotate synchronously with the second screw rods 18, the second piston 21 moves downwards along the moisture bottles 15, moisture in the moisture bottles 15 enters the steel pipes 6 through the vertical pipes 16, meanwhile, moisture in the humidifying device is supplemented into the moisture bottles 15 through pipelines, and then the moisture and harmful gas enter the observation box 1 through the steel pipes 6, so that necessary humidity conditions required by growth of the plants in the observation box 1 are met, and accuracy of experimental results is prevented from being influenced. The motor 4 is a forward and reverse rotating motor, the motor 4 is controlled to rotate reversely to drive the first piston 8 to move to the left side, harmful gas supplemented into the steel cylinder 5 is transferred to the right side from the left side of the first piston 8 through the first C-shaped pipe 11, the valve 7 can prevent gas in the observation box 1 and moisture in the moisture bottle 15 from entering the steel cylinder 5 through the steel pipe 6, meanwhile, the second piston 21 moves upwards, the moisture supplemented into the moisture bottle 15 is transferred to the lower side from the upper side of the second piston 21 through the second C-shaped pipe 17, and preparation is made for feeding the harmful gas and the moisture for the next experiment. The limiting seat 12 and the sliding seat 3 can only horizontally slide along the guide rail 2, the limiting seat 12 can be fixed on the guide rail 2 by screwing the bolt 14, when the sliding seat 3 touches a contact switch on the limiting seat 12, the motor 4 stops working, the guide rail 2 is provided with scale marks, the feeding amount of harmful gas and moisture can be accurately controlled by adjusting the position of the limiting seat 12, the feeding amount of the harmful gas can be calculated by the position and the scale of the limiting seat 12, the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured, different amounts of harmful gas can be fed by adjusting the position of the limiting seat 12, so that the influence of different amounts of harmful gas on plants can be observed, the observation box 1 is made of transparent material, the illumination required by the plants can be met, the observation personnel can observe and record the growth vigor of the plants conveniently, and a temperature adjusting device is arranged in the observation box 1 to adjust the proper temperature, the device has the advantages that harmful gas and humidity conditions are supplemented through the first piston 8 and the second piston 21, the influence of external factors on plant growth is avoided as much as possible, the steel cylinder 5 and the steel pipe 6 are designed to be anti-corrosive, the steel cylinder 5 and the steel pipe 6 can be prevented from being corroded by the harmful gas, the leakage of the harmful gas is avoided, the safety of the air environment around the experimental device is guaranteed, the health of experimenters can be guaranteed, the device can be repeatedly used for many times, and after the gas in the observation box 1 is exhausted, the observation experiment can be carried out on different plants for many times.
Specifically, as shown in the figure, the top of the right side of the observation box 1 in this embodiment is fixedly connected with one end of an air pipe 24, the air pipe 24 is respectively communicated with the outside and the inside of the observation box 1, and the air pipe 24 is provided with a check valve. In the outside air passes through air pipe 24 entering observation box 1, satisfies the required air of plant in the observation box 1, and the check valve can avoid the gas in the observation box 1 to pass through air pipe 24 loss to the external world to avoid causing outside air pollution.
Specifically, as shown in the figure, one end of the exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the right side of the observation box 1 in the embodiment, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly provided with the gas purification device. Through this structure can guarantee when the gas in the observation box 1 is discharged to the external world, can not cause the influence to external air circumstance.
Further, as shown in the figure, a fan 26 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner wall of the observation box 1 according to the embodiment, the fan 26 has a power device, the power device is a fan motor, and the fan motor is located outside the observation box 1. This structure can make harmful gas and the air in the observation box 1 mix rapidly, and fan motor is located outside observation box 1, can avoid fan motor work to cause the influence to the environment in the observation box 1 to avoid influencing the accuracy of experimental result.
Furthermore, as shown in the figure, the left side of the first piston 8 in this embodiment is fixedly connected to one end of an elastic rubber tube 27, the other end of the elastic rubber tube 27 is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the steel cylinder 5, the inner diameter of the elastic rubber tube 27 is larger than the diameter of the first screw hole 10, and the first screw 9 passes through the elastic rubber tube 27. This structure can avoid harmful gas to pass through first screw 10 loss to external world to avoid influencing the external air environment.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of connecting rods 32 are disposed between the guide rails 2 according to the present embodiment, the connecting rods 32 are parallel to each other, and the front end and the rear end of each connecting rod 32 are respectively and fixedly connected to the corresponding guide rails 2. This structure can enhance the stability of connection between the guide rails 2, thereby contributing to the stability of operation of the motor 4.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Experimental apparatus is observed to harmful gas to plant influence nature, its characterized in that: comprises an observation box (1), the observation box (1) is made of transparent material, one bottom of one side of the observation box (1) is fixedly connected with one end of two guide rails (2), the cross sections of the guide rails (2) are in an I-shaped structure, the guide rails (2) are parallel to each other, the guide rails (2) are provided with scales, a sliding seat (3) is movably arranged on each guide rail (2), the cross section of each sliding seat (3) is in a C-shaped structure, a motor (4) is arranged above each sliding seat (3), the front side and the rear side of the bottom surface of each motor (4) are respectively and fixedly connected with the top surfaces of the corresponding sliding seats (3), the sliding seats (3) can respectively and simultaneously horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rails (2), a limiting seat (12) is movably arranged on one guide rail (2), the limiting seat (12) can horizontally slide along the corresponding guide rail (2), the cross section of the limiting seat (12) is in a C-shaped structure, and, the contact switch is in circuit connection with the motor (4), the contact switch can be in contact fit with the right side of the corresponding sliding seat (3), the top surface of the limiting seat (12) is provided with a second screw hole (13), a bolt (14) is installed in the second screw hole (13) in a threaded manner, the bolt (14) is in threaded fit with the second screw hole (13), the lower end of the bolt (14) can be in contact fit with the top surface of the corresponding guide rail (2), a steel cylinder (5) is arranged between the motor (4) and the observation box (1), the steel cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the surface of the observation platform through a fixing device, the right side of the steel cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with one end of a steel pipe (6), the other end of the steel pipe (6) is fixedly connected with one side of the observation box (1), the steel pipe (6) is respectively and simultaneously communicated with the steel cylinder (5) and the interior of the observation box (1), and valves (, a first piston (8) is movably arranged in the steel cylinder (5), the periphery of the first piston (8) can be in contact fit with the inner wall of the steel cylinder (5) and can horizontally slide along the inner wall, the left side of the first piston (8) is connected with one end of a first screw rod (9) through a bearing, the left side of the steel cylinder (5) is provided with a first screw hole (10), the first screw hole (10) is respectively communicated with the steel cylinder (5) and the outside simultaneously, the center line of the first screw hole (10) and the center line of the first screw rod (9) are collinear, the first screw rod (9) penetrates through the first screw hole (10) and is in threaded fit with the first screw hole, the other end of the first screw rod (9) is fixedly connected with the end part of an output shaft of a motor (4), the top surface of the steel cylinder (5) is provided with a first C-shaped pipe (11), the two ends of the first C-shaped pipe (11) are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sides of the top surface of, the two sides of the first C-shaped pipe (11) are respectively provided with a one-way valve, a harmful gas storage tank is arranged above one side of the steel cylinder (5), the harmful gas storage tank is fixedly connected with the steel cylinder (5) through a gas guide pipe, the gas guide pipe can be respectively and simultaneously communicated with the harmful gas storage tank and the inside of the steel cylinder (5), the gas guide pipe is provided with the one-way valve, a wet gas bottle (15) is arranged above the steel pipe (6), the wet gas bottle (15) is fixedly arranged on the surface of an observation table through a fixing device, the bottom surface of the wet gas bottle (15) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a vertical pipe (16), the lower end of the vertical pipe (16) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the steel pipe (6), the vertical pipe (16) is respectively and simultaneously communicated with the inside of the wet gas bottle (15), the vertical pipe (16) is provided with the one-way valve, one side of the wet gas bottle (15) is provided with, both ends of a second C-shaped pipe (17) are communicated with the inside of the wet gas bottle (15), the top surface of the inner wall of the wet gas bottle (15) is connected with the upper end of a second screw rod (18) through a bearing, a bevel gear (19) is fixedly installed on the periphery of the lower end of the second screw rod (18), a humidifying device is arranged above the wet gas bottle (15), the humidifying device is fixedly connected with the inside of the wet gas bottle (15) in a conduction mode through a pipeline, a one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline, vertical strip-shaped grooves (20) are respectively formed in both sides of the inner wall of the wet gas bottle (15), a second piston (21) is installed on the second screw rod (18) in a threaded mode, a third screw hole (22) is formed in the top surface of the second piston (21), the second screw rod (18) penetrates through the third screw hole (22) and is in threaded fit with the third screw hole, sliding blocks (23) are fixedly installed on both sides of the second, the periphery of the second piston (21) is in contact fit with the inner wall of the wet gas cylinder (15) and can slide along the wet gas cylinder, a through hole (28) is formed in the lower portion of the back face of the wet gas cylinder (15), the inner wall of the through hole (28) is connected with the periphery of the rotating shaft (29) through a bearing, the front end of the rotating shaft (29) is located in the wet gas cylinder (15) and fixedly provided with the same bevel gear (19), the two bevel gears (19) are meshed with each other, the rear end of the rotating shaft (29) is located outside the wet gas cylinder (15) and fixedly provided with a gear (30), the top face of the motor (4) is fixedly connected with one end of an L-shaped rack (31), the other end of the L-shaped rack (31) faces the wet gas cylinder (15), and a horizontal rack of the L.
2. The experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants according to claim 1, wherein: the right side top fixed connection air pipe (24) of observation case (1) one end, air pipe (24) communicate with each other with external, observation case (1) inside simultaneously respectively, be equipped with the check valve on air pipe (24).
3. The experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants according to claim 1, wherein: the right bottom of the observation box (1) is fixedly connected with one end of an exhaust pipe (25), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (25) is fixedly provided with a gas purification device.
4. The experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants according to claim 1, wherein: the fan (26) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner wall of the observation box (1), the fan (26) is provided with a power device, the power device is a fan motor, and the fan motor is positioned outside the observation box (1).
5. The experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants according to claim 1, wherein: the left side fixed connection one end of elasticity rubber tube (27) of first piston (8), the inner wall left side of the other end fixed connection steel bottle (5) of elasticity rubber tube (27), the internal diameter of elasticity rubber tube (27) is greater than the diameter of first screw (10), first screw (9) are followed and are passed in elasticity rubber tube (27).
6. The experimental device for observing the influence of harmful gases on plants according to claim 1, wherein: the guide rails (2) are provided with a plurality of connecting rods (32), the connecting rods (32) are parallel to each other, and the front end and the rear end of each connecting rod (32) are fixedly connected with the corresponding guide rails (2) respectively.
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