High-efficient wet electrostatic precipitator
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator, and belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment.
Background
In large industrial production, some working occasions (such as a thermal power plant and the like) can generate a lot of dust, and the dust can be discharged to the outside after being treated by a purifying and dedusting treatment device before being discharged, otherwise, the dust can cause environmental pollution. Electric dust collectors are various in kinds, and are classified into dry electrostatic dust collectors and wet electrostatic dust collectors according to whether liquid dust collection and dust removal are adopted in the dust collection process. Wet electrostatic precipitators are extremely low emission projects in recent years, and have been used in a wide variety of applications, particularly in coal-fired units. Wet electrostatic precipitators belong to emerging environmental protection equipment. However, the existing wet dust collector has some problems.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN204564337U discloses a novel efficient wet electrostatic precipitator, demister, comprising: the cathode wire is fixed in the center of the anode tube, the cathode wire is externally connected with high-voltage direct current, an insulation box is arranged on the upper shell, the high-voltage direct current is introduced into the cathode wire through the insulation box, an exhaust gas inlet is formed in the lower shell, and a gas outlet is formed in the upper shell. The problem that it exists lies in waste heat temperature of waste gas import can not be utilized, and the gas after the processing is discharged along with the gas outlet, and a lot of flue gas still have white cigarette, causes visual pollution, still needs the heating to get rid of, has just so caused the wasting of resources. In addition, in the patent, the anode tubes are densely arranged in the shell, so that the area is wasted, the smoke circulation is not facilitated, and ash is easy to accumulate in each independent anode tube.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator, which can better utilize waste heat resources, has better flue gas treatment effect, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator comprises a shell, a spraying mechanism, a gas treatment mechanism and a waste heat utilization mechanism; an air inlet pipe is communicated with the side wall of the lower part of the shell, and an air outlet pipe is communicated with the top of the shell; the gas treatment mechanism comprises an insulator, a high-frequency pulse power supply arranged at the top of the shell, and an anode tube and a cathode round frame which are vertically fixed in the shell and are mutually sleeved concentrically, wherein the cathode round frame is positioned in the anode tube, and is electrically connected with the high-frequency pulse power supply, and the anode tube is grounded; the insulator is arranged at the joint of the cathode round frame and the high-frequency pulse power supply; the spraying mechanism comprises a sedimentation tank communicated with the bottom of the shell and at least one first spraying head which sprays from the lower part of the anode tube towards the bottom of the shell, and the first spraying head is communicated with an external water source; the waste heat utilization mechanism comprises a water storage tank, a first heat exchange tube arranged in the air inlet tube and a second heat exchange tube arranged in the air outlet tube; two ends of the first heat exchange tube are respectively communicated with one end of the water storage tank and one end of the second heat exchange tube through pipelines, a second water pump is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the water storage tank, and the other end of the second heat exchange tube is communicated with the water storage tank pipeline.
The anode tubes are provided with a plurality of cathode round frames, the calibers of the anode tubes are gradually reduced and concentrically sleeved, the calibers of the cathode round frames are gradually reduced, the cathode round frames are concentrically sleeved between every two adjacent anode tubes, the cathode round frames are sleeved outside the anode tubes of the outermost ring, and the inner wall of the shell is identical to the anode tubes in quality.
Wherein the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube are serpentine fin tubes.
Wherein, the inside air current equipartition board that is located anode tube below level that is fixed with of casing, evenly densely be provided with the bleeder vent on the air current equipartition board, the air current equipartition board is located the top of first shower head.
The spraying mechanism further comprises at least one second spraying head, and the second spraying head is communicated with an external water source; the second spray header sprays from above the anode tube toward the anode tube.
The spraying mechanism further comprises a connecting pipe for communicating the first spraying head, the second spraying head and the sedimentation tank, and a first water pump arranged on the connecting pipe; the sedimentation tank is internally provided with a horizontally placed filter plate, the filter plate is densely provided with filter holes, the filter plate vertically separates the sedimentation tank into a containing cavity and a filter cavity, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is positioned in the filter cavity.
Wherein the upper end surfaces of the anode tube and the cathode round frame are fixed through a bracket.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can better utilize waste heat resources, has better flue gas treatment effect, effectively reduces smoke dust, formaldehyde and water mist in the flue gas, accords with national emission standards, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The invention is provided with the waste heat utilization mechanism, so that the heat of the flue gas can be better utilized, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.
3. The invention is provided with the gas treatment mechanism, can effectively treat harmful gas and dust contained in the flue gas, is green to discharge, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
4. The invention is provided with the spraying mechanism, dust contained in the flue gas can be better treated, sewage in the sedimentation tank is filtered and then is used as water supply of the spraying assembly to be recycled, so that the washing spraying mechanism can realize the recycling of water, the zero emission of wastewater is realized, and the water in the water storage tank can be recycled, thereby being more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
5. The invention is provided with the air flow uniformly-distributed plates, plays a role in dispersing the flue gas, and ensures that the flue gas is treated more completely.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure along A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a baffle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cathode round frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an anode tube according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the fit of the anode tube and the cathode round frame inside the case of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1-shell, 2-spraying mechanism, 21-sedimentation tank, 211-filter, 212-holding cavity, 213-filter cavity, 221-first shower head, 222-second shower head, 23-connecting pipe, 24-first water pump, 3-gas treatment mechanism, 31-insulator, 32-high frequency pulse power supply, 33-anode pipe, 34-cathode round frame, 35-support, 4-waste heat utilization mechanism, 41-water storage tank, 42-first heat exchange pipe, 43-second heat exchange pipe, 44-second water pump, 5-intake pipe, 6-outlet pipe, 7-air flow even distribution plate, 71-bleeder vent.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a high-efficiency wet electrostatic precipitator comprises a casing 1, a spraying mechanism 2, a gas treatment mechanism 3 and a waste heat utilization mechanism 4; an air inlet pipe 5 is communicated with the side wall of the lower part of the shell 1, and an air outlet pipe 6 is communicated with the top of the shell 1; the gas treatment mechanism 3 comprises an insulator 31, a high-frequency pulse power supply 32 arranged at the top of the shell 1, an anode tube 33 and a cathode round frame 34 which are vertically fixed in the shell 1 and are mutually and concentrically sleeved, wherein the cathode round frame 34 is positioned in the anode tube 33, the cathode round frame 34 is electrically connected with the high-frequency pulse power supply 32, and the anode tube 33 is grounded; the insulator 31 is arranged at the joint of the cathode round frame 34 and the high-frequency pulse power supply 32; the insulator 31 and the anode tube 33 are arranged and grounded to play a role in protection, and the spraying mechanism 2 comprises a sedimentation tank 21 communicated with the bottom of the shell 1 and at least one first spray header 221 which sprays from the lower part of the anode tube 33 towards the bottom of the shell 1, wherein the first spray header 221 is communicated with an external water source; the waste heat utilization mechanism 4 comprises a water storage tank 41, a first heat exchange tube 42 arranged in the air inlet pipe 5 and a second heat exchange tube 43 arranged in the air outlet pipe 6; two ends of the first heat exchange tube 42 are respectively communicated with one ends of the water storage tank 41 and the second heat exchange tube 43 through pipelines, a second water pump 44 is arranged on the pipeline for communicating the first heat exchange tube 42 with the water storage tank 41, and the other end of the second heat exchange tube 43 is communicated with the water storage tank 41 through a pipeline. The first heat exchange tube 42 is provided with cold water inlet and hot water outlet, and the second heat exchange tube 43 is provided with hot water inlet and cold water outlet.
Referring to fig. 2-6, the number of the anode tubes 33 is several, the number of the cathode round frames 34 is several, the caliber of the anode tubes 33 is gradually reduced and concentrically sleeved, the caliber of the cathode round frames 34 is gradually reduced, the cathode round frames 34 are concentrically sleeved between every two adjacent anode tubes 33, the cathode round frames 34 are sleeved outside the anode tubes 33 on the outermost ring, and the inner wall of the shell 1 is the same as the anode tubes 33 on the outermost ring, so the shell 1 can be used as the anode tubes on the outermost ring. The arrangement of the anode tube 33 and the cathode round frame 34 is more beneficial to the passage of flue gas, the area of the anode tube 33 is not wasted, and the inside of the anode tube 33 is not easy to accumulate ash.
Referring to fig. 1, the first heat exchange tube 42 and the second heat exchange tube 43 are serpentine fin tubes. In order to make the heat exchange effect better.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an air flow uniformly-distributing plate 7 is horizontally fixed below the anode tube 33 in the casing 1, air holes 71 are uniformly and densely arranged on the air flow uniformly-distributing plate 7, and the air flow uniformly-distributing plate 7 is located above the first shower head 221.
Referring to fig. 1, the spraying mechanism 2 further includes at least one second spray header 222, and the second spray header 222 is communicated with an external water source; the second showerhead 222 sprays from above the anode pipe 33 toward the anode pipe 33.
Referring to fig. 1, the spraying mechanism 2 further includes a connection pipe 23 for communicating the first spray header 221, the second spray header 222 and the sedimentation tank 21, and a first water pump 24 disposed on the connection pipe 23; the sedimentation tank 21 is internally provided with a horizontally placed filter plate 211, the filter plate 211 is densely provided with filter holes, the filter plate 211 vertically separates the sedimentation tank 21 into a containing cavity 212 and a filter cavity 213, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 23 is positioned in the filter cavity 213. The water in the sedimentation tank 21 is recycled after being filtered, thereby saving resources.
Referring to fig. 2, the upper end surfaces of the anode tube 33 and the cathode round frame 34 are fixed by a bracket 35.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the flue gas is sent into the shell 1 through the air inlet pipe 5, cold water is introduced into the first heat exchange pipe 42, after heat exchange is performed with the flue gas, the flue gas becomes hot water to be led to the second heat exchange pipe 43, at the moment, the flue gas continues to travel to the interior of the shell 1, then the first spray header 222 works, dust removal and cooling are performed on the flue gas, and sewage flows into the sedimentation tank 21; then the flue gas passes through an anode tube 33 and a cathode round frame 34, the cathode round frame 34 is connected with a high-frequency pulse power supply 32, and the high energy generated by the cathode round frame 34 causes fine dust and water mist in the flue gas to be charged and condensed, and the fine dust and the water mist are condensed into large-particle dust and move to the anode tube 33; the anode tube 33 is used for capturing dust and fog drops, the flue gas is continuously led to the air outlet pipe 6, the hot water in the second heat exchange tube 43 heats the flue gas which escapes from the air outlet pipe 6, then the flue gas is discharged, and the cooled water in the second heat exchange tube 43 flows back to the water storage tank 41 for the next cycle.
The air flow uniformly-distributed plate 7 plays a role in dispersing the flue gas, so that the flue gas can be treated more completely.
When the second shower head 221 is operated, dust on the anode pipe 33 can be washed to form sewage to the sedimentation tank 21.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.