CN108308208A - 一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂及其制备方法及使用 - Google Patents
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂及其制备方法及使用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂及其制备方法和使用,本发明按重量份计算包括:蔬菜发酵液0.5‑2份、醋0.05‑0.5份和水300份;其中所述蔬菜发酵液由葱蒜类蔬菜、白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜、红糖和温水发酵制得;本发明打破传统思维,将为了保证农作物健康生长而进行的杀虫改为驱虫,根据昆虫和人不同的呼吸***和昆虫的饮食***衡,而且多种蔬菜发酵后又是植物生长所需的生物有机肥料,丰富营养物质同时促进农作物的生长。此无毒驱虫剂制作工艺简单、无需投入设备,成本低廉、绝对安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农作物驱虫技术领域,具体涉及一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂及其制备方法及使用。
背景技术
为了保证农作物健康生长不受昆虫侵犯,因此大部分瓜果蔬菜农作物需要经常喷洒化学农药,其目的在于杀死对农作物产生影响的昆虫。虽然随着科学研究的发展,有少数农药已经属于低毒,但是杀虫效果不佳。为了避免昆虫对农作物外形完整美观造成破坏影响卖相,绝大多数农作物在种植过程中使用的仍然是毒性很大的农药,虽然其有效保证了农作完整美观地生长,但是众所周知,任何东西都有两面性,农药也是一把双刃剑,在杀灭害虫的同时,不但对土壤环境进行破坏,而且蔬菜瓜果上的农药残留物不易洗净,处理不当会严重威胁着人类生命健康。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,该驱虫剂的原料全部来自大自然的原生态,不添加任何化学试剂,对生态环境和人类生命健康非常友好。
本发明的目的之二是提供了所述农作物的无毒驱虫剂的其制备方法,该方法简单易行,操作简便。
本发明的目的之三是提供了所述农作物的无毒驱虫剂的使用方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来,实现的:
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按重量份计算,包括:
蔬菜发酵液 0.5-2份
醋 0.05-0.5份
水 300份;
其中,所述蔬菜发酵液由葱蒜类蔬菜、白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜、红糖和温水发酵制得。
其中,所述蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:
较佳地,所述白菜类蔬菜为生菜、油麦菜、大白菜、小白菜、花椰菜、甘蓝、青花菜、榨菜、雪里蕻、结球芥菜中的一种或几种混合物。
较佳地,所述绿叶蔬菜为艾叶、芹菜、茼蒿、莴苣、菠菜、芫荽、苋菜、蕹菜、落葵中的一种或几种混合物。更优选:艾叶、芹菜、茼蒿中的一种或几种混合物。
较佳地,所述葱蒜类蔬菜为洋葱、大蒜、大葱、韭菜、生姜的混合物。
较佳地,所述醋为米醋、陈醋、香醋、麸醋、酒醋、白醋、果汁醋、蒜汁醋、姜汁醋中的一种或几种混合物。更优选:白醋。
所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备方法,将所述蔬菜发酵液、醋和水,按照所述量混合均匀即制得所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂;其中所述蔬菜发酵液的制备方法具体为:
(1)粉碎:将所述量的白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜和葱蒜类蔬菜洗净后粉碎;
(2)搅拌:将红糖和水,按照比例在50±2℃温水中搅拌1-3分钟;
(3)灌装:将搅拌均匀的红糖水倒入不透光密闭容器内,再迅速倒入粉碎好的各类蔬菜后密封搁置,其中所述容器内预留15-25%的空间,室温保持在25-35℃;
(4)搁置10-35天后取出所述容器内的内容物,于300目过滤网过滤后制得所述蔬菜发酵液。其中,过滤后的蔬菜发酵液必须用不透光的容器存放,防止光反应影响驱虫效果。
所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的使用方法,将蔬菜发酵液、醋和水,按照所述量混合均匀后直接喷洒在植物表面枝叶上,10-15天喷洒一次。由于雨水会冲刷掉本发明驱虫剂,降低其中和挥发性气味,因此,除了正常10-15天喷洒一次外,每次雨后必须立即喷洒才能保证效果。
本发明包括蔬菜发酵液、醋和水;其中所述蔬菜发酵液由葱蒜类蔬菜、白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜、红糖和温水发酵制得。本发明打破传统思维,将为了保证农作物健康生长而进行的杀虫改为驱虫,是根据昆虫和人不同的呼吸***和昆虫的饮食***衡,让人与昆虫的和谐共处,而且多种蔬菜发酵后又是植物生长所需的生物有机肥料,丰富营养物质同时促进农作物的生长。此无毒驱虫剂制作工艺简单、无需投入设备,成本低廉、绝对安全。
具体的实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明,以助于本领域技术人员理解本发明。
实施例1
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按照重量份计算,包括:醋0.1份、水300份和蔬菜发酵液0.9份。其中,蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:水60份、红糖10份和蔬菜30份(其中,生菜6份、油麦菜6份、艾叶4份、芹菜2份、韭菜2份、茼蒿2份、大葱2份、生姜2份、大蒜2份、洋葱2份)。
用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备:
(1)粉碎:将生菜油麦菜艾叶芹菜韭菜茼蒿生葱生姜大蒜洋葱按比例洗净后粉碎。
(2)搅拌:将红糖和水,按照比例在50±2℃温水中搅拌2分钟。
(3)灌装:将搅拌均匀的红糖水倒入不透光螺纹盖的塑料桶内,再迅速倒入粉碎的生菜、油麦菜、艾叶、芹菜、韭菜、茼蒿、生葱、生姜、大蒜、洋葱,旋紧塑料盖,塑料桶预留20%的空间,防止发酵而膨胀,室温保持在25-35℃。
(4)搁置10-35天后取出所述容器内的内容物(春夏秋季天发酵时间为15天左右,冬季发酵时间为30天左右),于300目过滤网过滤后制得所述蔬菜发酵液。其中,过滤后的蔬菜发酵液必须用不透光的容器存放,防止光反应影响驱虫效果。
使用时按照比例将蔬菜发酵液、醋和自来水混合后直接喷洒在植物表面枝叶上,10-15天喷洒一次,雨后立即喷洒。
实施例2
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按照重量份计算,包括:醋0.05份、水300份和蔬菜发酵液2份。
其中,蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:水55份、红糖15份和蔬菜30份(其中大白菜10份、艾叶10份、韭菜2份、大葱2份、生姜2份、大蒜2份、洋葱2份)。
用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备:同实施例1。
实施例3
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按照重量份计算,包括:醋0.5份、水300份和蔬菜发酵液1.5份。
其中,蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:水65份、红糖8份和蔬菜27份(其中生菜2份、榨菜5份、韭菜1份、茼蒿10份、大葱1份、生姜2份、大蒜5份、洋葱1份)。
用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备:同实施例1。
实施例4
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按照重量份计算,包括:醋0.2份、水300份和蔬菜发酵液1.5份。
其中,蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:水50份、红糖10份和蔬菜40份(其中生菜6份、油麦菜6份、雪里蕻6份、结球芥菜6份、艾叶4份、芹菜2份、芫荽2份、苋菜2份、蕹菜2份、落葵2份、韭菜5份、茼蒿2份、大葱2份、生姜5份、大蒜1份、洋葱2份)。
用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备:同实施例1。
实施例5
一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,按照重量份计算,包括:醋0.3份、水300份和蔬菜发酵液1.8份。
其中,蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:水65份、红糖2份和蔬菜23份(其中油麦菜6份、艾叶4份、芹菜2份、韭菜2份、茼蒿2份、大葱1份、生姜2份、大蒜2份、洋葱2份)。
用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备:同实施例1。
上述实施例,只是本发明的较佳实施例,并非用来限制本发明实施范围,故凡以本发明权利要求所述的特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰,均应包括在本发明权利要求范围之内。
对比实验:为了避免将使用本发明驱赶的昆虫咬食临近的同类样品蔬菜,本发明对比实验采用了1公里的间隔试验田进行对比实验。分别对青口白、青菜育苗后选取健康的4-5片真叶时移栽定植进行比对,结果详见表1;其他蔬菜果树就不一一在此赘述。
表1
由上表可见,本发明完全可以达到常规杀虫剂的效果,喷洒本发明驱虫后防止昆虫咬食蔬菜的叶、茎,保持了蔬菜外观的完整性,同时,较使用常规杀虫剂的植株更易存活而且长得更为茁壮。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,按重量份计算,包括:
蔬菜发酵液 0.5-2份
醋 0.05-0.5份
水 300份;
其中,所述蔬菜发酵液由葱蒜类蔬菜、白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜、红糖和温水发酵制得。
2.如权利要求1所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述蔬菜发酵液按照重量份计算,包括:
3.如权利要求1或2所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述白菜类蔬菜为生菜、油麦菜、大白菜、小白菜、甘蓝、花椰菜、青花菜、榨菜、雪里蕻、结球芥菜中的一种或几种混合物。
4.如权利要求1或2所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述绿叶蔬菜为艾叶、芹菜、茼蒿、莴苣、菠菜、芫荽、苋菜、蕹菜、落葵中的一种或几种混合物。
5.如权利要求1或2所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述葱蒜类蔬菜为洋葱、大蒜、大葱、韭菜、生姜的混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂,其特征在于,所述醋为米醋、陈醋、香醋、麸醋、酒醋、白醋、果汁醋、蒜汁醋、姜汁醋中的一种或几种混合物。
7.权利要求1-6中任意一项所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述蔬菜发酵液、醋和水,按照所述量混合均匀即制得所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂;其中,所述蔬菜发酵液的制备方法具体为:
(1)粉碎:将所述量的白菜类蔬菜、绿叶蔬菜和葱蒜类蔬菜洗净后粉碎;
(2)搅拌:将红糖和水,按照比例在50±2℃温水中搅拌1-3分钟;
(3)灌装:将搅拌均匀的红糖水倒入不透光密闭容器内,再迅速倒入粉碎好的各类蔬菜后密封搁置,其中所述容器内预留15-25%的空间,室温保持在25-35℃;
(4)搁置10-35天后取出所述容器内的内容物,于300目过滤网过滤后制得所述蔬菜发酵液。
8.如权利要求7所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述蔬菜发酵液的制备方法中,过滤后的蔬菜发酵液用不透光的容器存放。
9.权利要求1-8中任意一项所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的使用方法,其特征在于,将蔬菜发酵液、醋和水,按照所述量混合均匀后直接喷洒在植物表面枝叶和土地表面上,10-15天喷洒一次。
10.权利要求1-8中任意一项所述用于农作物的无毒驱虫剂的使用方法,其特征在于,雨后立即喷洒。
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