CN108303200A - A kind of high resiliency active electronic skin forming method based on electrostatic spinning technique - Google Patents

A kind of high resiliency active electronic skin forming method based on electrostatic spinning technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108303200A
CN108303200A CN201810283447.2A CN201810283447A CN108303200A CN 108303200 A CN108303200 A CN 108303200A CN 201810283447 A CN201810283447 A CN 201810283447A CN 108303200 A CN108303200 A CN 108303200A
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electrostatic spinning
electronic skin
polymer
forming method
high resiliency
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CN108303200B (en
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王云明
周华民
李德群
张云
黄志高
俞博扬
余兆函
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/16Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices

Abstract

The invention belongs to electronic skins to prepare correlative technology field, and disclose a kind of high resiliency active electronic skin forming method based on electrostatic spinning technique comprising:Select the high-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks that crosslinking agent, synthesis of super branched polymer or crosslinking amorphous polymer is added;Into synthesized polymer, addition has the functional material of power electrotransformation feature, and to be uniformly dispersed to obtain electrostatic spinning solution;So that solution is carried out electrostatic spinning using electrostatic spinning technique and collect film forming, thus directly obtains required electronic skin product.Through the invention, high quality, high efficiency electronic skin can be made without using flexible base board, and the product can be with the highly sensitive output signal of the mode of active voltage to realize the test of power, while significantly improves the characteristics such as surface area and aperture rate.

Description

A kind of high resiliency active electronic skin forming method based on electrostatic spinning technique
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic skins to prepare correlative technology field, and electrostatic spinning technique is based on more particularly, to one kind High resiliency active electronic skin forming method.
Background technology
Electronic skin as a kind of wearable flexible sensor that can imitate human skin exceptional function, robot, The multiple fields such as artificial intelligence, artificial limb, health detection and biomedicine have great application value, thus world in recent years Swift and violent development is obtained in range.Especially, for can have for the electronic skin of high-acruracy survey contact Wide application prospect, and just becoming one of the technique direction that scientists are paid close attention to.
Mode currently used for preparing electronic skin is mainly the flexible substrates in for example PDMS (dimethyl silicone polymer) It is upper to make electrode layer or pressure sensor etc. by technologies such as MEMS, spray printing or 3D printings, thus to obtain required electronic skin. For example, CN201310507497.1 proposes a kind of electronic skin and preparation method thereof, it is disclosed that first in template surface One layer of organic molecule layer is formed, then proceedes to be formed on sensitive layer and supporting layer, by the sensitive layer after heat treatment for solidification It is removed from template with supporting layer, eventually forms upper electrode layer and lower electrode layer;For another example, CN201410770984.1 proposes one kind Electronic skin and preparation method thereof, it is disclosed that performing etching in two-sided be covered on the flexible base board of conductive material, depositing shape At oxide thin film transistor, pressure sensor and temperature sensor etc..
However, further investigations have shown that, above-mentioned existing preparation method still has defect or deficiency below:First, It often inevitably needs to use flexible base board in the prior art, and relies primarily on flexibility and the draftability of substrate to carry Supplied for electronic skin it is flexible, but for electrode layer or various kinds of sensors, the flexible draftability of their own is but very low, To reduce the draw ratio of entire electronic skin and limit its scope of application, while the use of substrate also results in manufacture Complex process, it is of high cost the problems such as.Secondly, for the whole process using same material manufacture electronic skin, manufacture Technique improves the key factor of sensitivity and sensitivity in fact, although the modes such as spray printing in the prior art, 3D printing or MEMS Also have various advantages, but find to be typically difficult to be formed in actual condition and have the thin of larger surface area and higher aperture rate Film.Finally, although also proposed the scheme for preparing electronic skin using electrostatic spinning technique in the prior art, such as CN201410016459.0 discloses a kind of scheme, CN201210196840.0 preparing micro-nano corrugated structure using electrostatic spinning A kind of preparation method of flexible force sensitive sensor is disclosed, CN20141055404.2 discloses a kind of based on nano-piezoelectric fiber Flexible energy capture device and preparation method thereof, however in these earlier patents there is still a need for the lower electrode of processing, piezoelectric material, Top electrode and substrate etc., therefore the technical problem more than equally existing.Correspondingly, this field is further there is an urgent need for being made to this It improves, to conform better to the higher quality and efficiency requirements of modernization manufacture production.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of height based on electrostatic spinning technique Elastic active electronic skin forming method, wherein nano high elastic material is combined into one with piezoelectric material by selectivity Configure mixed solution, while the characteristics of specific aim combination electrostatic spinning technique, to be mixed solution directly quiet under given conditions Electrospun and collect film forming, accordingly not only can in entire electronic skin forming process without using any flexible base board, And obtained electronic skin product can simultaneously be shown with the highly sensitive output signal of the mode of active voltage to realize the test of power Work improves the characteristics such as surface area and aperture rate, is therefore particularly suitable for all kinds of needs high-precisions and high efficiency measures contact Electronic skin prepare occasion.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, provide a kind of high resiliency active electric based on electrostatic spinning technique Sub- skin forming method, which is characterized in that this method includes the following steps:
(a) synthesis of nano-elastic material
Select the high-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks that crosslinking agent is added, synthesis of super branched polymer or crosslinking are fixed Shape polymer, and the polymer has the cross-linked network structure of nano particle, and good elasticity and restoring force is accordingly presented;
(b) configuration of electrostatic spinning solution
To by adding the functional material for having power-electrotransformation feature, the function material in the polymer synthesized by step (a) The structure of nanoparticle is presented in material, and is dispersed among the polymer, thus to obtain required electrostatic spinning solution;
(c) electrostatic spinning and collect film forming
It will be injected in electrostatic spinning apparatus by the electrostatic spinning solution that step (b) is obtained, and in positive and negative voltage design For 100V~30kV, liquid inventory is designed as 0.01mL/h~10mL/h, receives the process conditions that distance is designed as 5cm~50cm Under, so that its electrostatic spinning is collected film forming, electronic skin product is accordingly directly obtained without flexible substrates.
By conceiving above, the feature of electrostatic spinning technique and stress sensitivity characteristic material respectively is fully combined, initiative carries Go out and directly configure nano compound film to replace the use of flexible base board, is accordingly not only remarkably improved the effect of entire moulding process Rate and cost is reduced, and effectively overcomes the flexible draftability present in existing electronic skin is relatively low, draw ratio is insufficient etc. Problem, while being dispersed in the piezoelectric material among membrane body and output signal can realize the survey of power in a manner of active voltage Examination;Further, since the mutual compound of Filamentous and chondritic nano material is formd during electrostatic spinning, it is corresponding made The electronic skin obtained has the surface area of bigger and higher aperture rate compared with existing product, and then significantly improves material of the same race The sensitivity of material manufacture electronic skin and sensitivity.
As it is further preferred that in step (b), power-electrotransformation functional material accounts for polymer in electrostatic spinning solution Mass fraction configured by following range:5%~95%.
As it is further preferred that in step (b), it is preferred to use mechanical agitation and the mode of ultrasonic vibration make described Functional material is dispersed among the polymer.
As it is further preferred that the high-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks preferably include PolyTHF, The polyether compound containing terminal hydroxy group or amino such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol;The crosslinking agent preferably include containing there are three and The isocyanate ester compound or epoxy of three or more functional groups;The functional material of the power of the having-electrotransformation feature is preferred Including the similar polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene.
It is preferably further comprising the steps of as it is further preferred that after step (c):
(d) design and plating of circuit
On the two sides for being formed by fiber membrane by step (c), different circuits is plated respectively and forms longitude and latitude intersection Line, thus stress size and location of positioning electronic skin.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below Technological merit:
1, it not only can be in entire electronic skin forming process without using any flexible base board, but also is obtained Electronic skin product can be with the highly sensitive output signal of the mode of active voltage to realize the test of power, due to its low cost, height Flexible and biocompatibility, thus it is with important application prospects in the energy conversion application between electric energy and machinery;
2, by being set in component and style characteristic etc. to the material for being used as key component in electrostatic spinning solution It counts, more actual test shows that the characteristics such as the surface area of obtained fiber membrane and aperture rate can be significantly improved, thus It is particularly suitable for all kinds of needs high-precisions and high efficiency measures the electronic skin preparation occasion of contact.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technique of the high resiliency active electronic skin forming method according to the invention based on electrostatic spinning technique Flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the electron-microscope scanning schematic diagram that the electronic skin structure that the present invention is obtained is shown as demonstration.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is the technique of the high resiliency active electronic skin forming method according to the invention based on electrostatic spinning technique Flow chart.As shown in fig. 1, this method includes mainly operating procedure below:
First, it is the synthesis step of nano-elastic material.
In this step, the high-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks may be selected, crosslinking agent is added, synthesis of super branched is poly- Object or crosslinking amorphous polymer are closed, and the polymer has the cross-linked network structure of nano particle, accordingly presents good Elasticity and restoring force.
More specifically, for example the PolyTHF of choosing multiple molecular weight distribution is as flexible blocks, to contain more officials Can group compound be used as crosslinking agent, thus synthesis of super branched polymer or be crosslinked amorphous polymer, these high molecular polymerizations Object, can since polymer crosslinking network structure supporting role makes it have very strong memory restoring force when stretching or pressing It is promptly restored to original shape, makes it have good elasticity.
Then, it is the configuration step of electrostatic spinning solution.
In this step, the functional material for having power-electrotransformation feature, the function material are added into synthesized polymer The structure of nanoparticle is presented in material, and is dispersed among the polymer, thus to obtain required electrostatic spinning solution.
More specifically, can for example introduce polyvinylidene fluoride as functional material, by the uniform functional material of particle diameter distribution Nanoparticle is added by a certain percentage in high resiliency high molecular polymer, and mechanical agitation and ultrasonic vibration obtain evenly dispersed Novel nano composite functional material.
Then, it is electrostatic spinning and collects film formation step.
By the electrostatic spinning solution obtained inject electrostatic spinning apparatus in, and positive and negative voltage design be 100V~ 30kV, liquid inventory are designed as 0.1mL/h~10mL/h, receive distance and are designed as under the process conditions of 5cm~50cm, keep its quiet Electrospun and collect film forming, electronic skin product is accordingly directly obtained without flexible substrates.
In addition, it is alternatively that, it can also be formed by membrane body two sides, different electricity is for example plated using nano silver wire Road forms longitude and latitude cross spider, carrys out the size and location of positioning electronic skin stress.As shown in Fig. 2, the electronic skin obtained has Effect overcomes the problems such as tough draftability is relatively low, draw ratio is insufficient, while being dispersed in the piezoelectric material among membrane body can Output signal realizes the test of power in a manner of active voltage, while having the surface area and higher of bigger compared with existing product Aperture rate.
To sum up, initiative of the present invention is proposed multi-functional flexible expanded material and power electrotransformation functional material direct combination At electrostatic spinning solution, power-electrotransformation functional material is evenly spread to the macromolecule of high resiliency and sizing setting phase-state change, Using its pressure-sensitive character, mechanical force can be converted into electric energy by material, output signal realizes power in a manner of active voltage Test.Meanwhile Filamentous and chondritic is formed using electrostatic spinning process, there is big surface area and high aperture rate film, Improve sensitivity and the sensitivity of same material manufacture electronic skin.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high resiliency active electronic skin forming method based on electrostatic spinning technique, which is characterized in that this method packet Include the following steps:
(a) synthesis of nano-elastic material
Select the high-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks that crosslinking agent is added, synthesis of super branched polymer or crosslinking setting are poly- Object is closed, and the polymer has the cross-linked network structure of nano particle, good elasticity and restoring force is accordingly presented;
(b) configuration of electrostatic spinning solution
To the functional material for having power-electrotransformation feature by addition in the polymer synthesized by step (a), which is in The structure of existing nanoparticle, and be dispersed among the polymer, thus to obtain required electrostatic spinning solution;
(c) electrostatic spinning and collect film forming
It will be injected in electrostatic spinning apparatus by the electrostatic spinning solution that step (b) is obtained, and be in positive and negative voltage design 100V~30kV, liquid inventory are designed as 0.01mL/h~10mL/h, receive the process conditions that distance is designed as 5cm~50cm Under, make its electrostatic spinning and collect film forming, electronic skin product is accordingly directly obtained without flexible substrates.
2. high resiliency active electronic skin forming method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (b), The mass fraction that power-electrotransformation functional material accounts for polymer in electrostatic spinning solution is configured by following range:5%~ 95%.
3. high resiliency active electronic skin forming method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (b) In, it is preferred to use mechanical agitation and the mode of ultrasonic vibration make the functional material be dispersed among the polymer.
4. the high resiliency active electronic skin forming method as described in claim 1-3 any one, which is characterized in that described High-molecular copolymer material containing flexible blocks preferably include PolyTHF, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol etc. containing terminal hydroxy group or The polyether compound of amino;The crosslinking agent is preferably included containing there are three and the isocyanates chemical combination of three or more functional groups Object or epoxy;The functional material of the power of the having-electrotransformation feature preferably includes polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, poly- first The similar polymer such as base methyl acrylate, polypropylene.
5. the high resiliency active electronic skin forming method as described in claim 1-4 any one, which is characterized in that in step Suddenly preferably further comprising the steps of after (c):
(d) design and plating of circuit
On the two sides for being formed by fiber membrane by step (c), different circuits is plated respectively and forms longitude and latitude cross spider, by The stress size and location of this positioning electronic skin.
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CN109431460A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-03-08 中原工学院 A kind of flexible high flexible nanofiber covering yarn strain gauge with pleated structure and preparation method thereof
CN111361302A (en) * 2020-04-04 2020-07-03 南开大学 Preparation method of flexible film resistant to stress stretching
CN113285026A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-20 北京航空航天大学 Full-flexible ultraviolet detector based on high polymer material and preparation and application thereof
CN113699697A (en) * 2021-10-11 2021-11-26 南京大学 Non-inductive multifunctional electro-spinning micro-pyramid array membrane and preparation method thereof

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CN102954848A (en) * 2011-08-16 2013-03-06 中国科学技术大学 Novel flexible mechanical sensor and preparation method thereof
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