CN108302515A - A kind of solar still evaporated using film and graphite particle - Google Patents
A kind of solar still evaporated using film and graphite particle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108302515A CN108302515A CN201710794245.XA CN201710794245A CN108302515A CN 108302515 A CN108302515 A CN 108302515A CN 201710794245 A CN201710794245 A CN 201710794245A CN 108302515 A CN108302515 A CN 108302515A
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- capillary film
- heat
- heat insulation
- capillary
- film
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention belongs to helioplant fields, and disclose a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle, being horizontally disposed with including waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body, heat insulation foam substrate, capillary film and bed of graphite particles, on waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body has sliding slot；Heat insulation foam substrate clamps on the chute；The first capillary film is respectively set between per two adjacent heat insulation foam substrates；All heat insulation foam base tops cover the second capillary film；Bed of graphite particles is layered on the top of the second capillary film.Heat insulation foam substrate is placed under the second capillary film to reduce the thermal loss caused by the water body under heat froth by the present invention, first capillary film and the second capillary film can compensate evaporation loss, water is transported to bed of graphite particles by capillary effect from the first capillary film, by solar energy heating and evaporate, heat insulation foam substrate, which can be blocked, conducts from bed of graphite particles and the second capillary film to the heat of the water body under foam, helps to improve evaporation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to helioplant fields, more particularly, to a kind of solar still.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of abundant, environment amenable regenerative resource.Be utilized to part has instead of fossil energy
Conducive to alleviating environmental pollution, the problems such as global warming.Thus become global project how to efficiently use solar energy.
As one kind in numerous Solar use directions, solar steam generation technique has had many actual
With, such as desalination, the purifying of water, oil recycling etc., in order to improve efficiency, many work are also come into being.
Occurring work of many collection solar energy for evaporation over the past several decades, traditional evaporator is black using one piece
Color tablet absorbs solar energy and heats water, makes its evaporation.Although researchers have done many improvement on this basis, develop
Many different types of solar stills, such as staged evaporator and inclination core pattern evaporator, but due to a large amount of heat loss
So that the efficiency of traditional evaporator will be typically less than 50%.
The bottleneck that break through evaporation efficiency, some researchs have begun attempt to nanotechnology.Such as receiving high-absorbility
Rice grain is dispersed in water such as ZnO (zinc oxide), Al2O3(aluminium oxide), CuO (copper oxide), Au (gold), graphene (graphite
Alkene).It is respectively 10kw/m in intensity of illumination2And 220kw/m2Under the conditions of evaporation efficiency can reach 69% and 80% respectively.Although
It improves evaporation efficiencies, but nano particle has the tendency that aggregation sedimentation in water, this is for the steady of nano-fluid
Qualitative is huge test；For the evaporation effect obtained, the illumination of high intensity requires to increase the cost of system and complexity
Degree；High, nano-scale the particle of cost of nano particle is also likely to be present some influences to environment simultaneously, these reasons are all made
About its practical application.
The method that another kind can enhance evaporation is hot localization evaporation, that is, the solar energy of absorption is concentrated on atimodometer
To reduce heat loss in the thin layer in face, while the water in the region can be made to be maintained at higher temperature, it is efficient to realize
Evaporation.This method relies primarily on hydrophilic perforated membrane or foamed material.The bilayer being such as made of expanded graphite and carbon porous foam
Structure, for absorbing heat, carbon porous foam makes heat concentrate on evaporating surface, can make evaporation efficiency in this way expanded graphite for thermal insulation
It is 1kw/m in intensity of illumination2When reach 67%.Or use the Al for being attached with Al (aluminium) nano particle2O3(aluminium oxide) nanometer is more
Pore membrane is 6kw/m in intensity of illumination2In the case of efficiency can be improved to 91%.But these methods are for film or foam
Material has very high requirement, because material cost is very high, it is difficult to be applied in real life.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, capillary film and graphite are utilized the present invention provides a kind of
Particle promotes the solar still of evaporation, at low cost, efficient, can fast and effeciently utilize solar energy evaporable water.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, provide and a kind of promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle
Solar still, which is characterized in that including waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body, heat insulation foam substrate, capillary film and graphite
Granulosa, wherein
The sliding slot for being useful for accommodating the adiabatic substrate is horizontally disposed on the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body；
The heat insulation foam substrate is provided with multiple, these heat insulation foam substrates are installed on waterproof and heat-insulating foam side
Expose on the sliding slot of boundary's body and the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body；
The first capillary film is respectively set between per two adjacent heat insulation foam substrates, and the bottom end of the first capillary film is less than
The bottom end of heat insulation foam substrate, so that the bottom of the first capillary film is immersed in the water；
The top of all heat insulation foam substrates covers the second capillary film, and the second capillary film connects with the first capillary film
It touches；
The bed of graphite particles is layered on the top of the second capillary film, and in bed of graphite particles graphite particle average grain diameter
D≤50 μm, density p=10~100g/m of bed of graphite particles2
Preferably, the material that the first capillary film can absorb water through capillary action, the second capillary film are that can pass through capillary
Act on the material of water suction.
Preferably, the first capillary film is cloth, tulle, paper products or porous material, and the second capillary film is cloth, thin
Yarn, paper products or porous material.
Preferably, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body is overall U-shaped, the medial surface of two side is respectively set described
Sliding slot, the heat insulation foam substrate is installed on this two sliding slots, to keep stable.
Preferably, each heat insulation foam substrate is in rectangular shape.
Preferably, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body and/or heat insulation foam substrate are that density is less than 0.8g/cm3, thermal conductivity
Rate is less than the foamed material of 0.1w/m/k.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
1) heat insulation foam substrate is placed on to reduce the thermal loss because heating water temperature under the second capillary film by the present invention,
First capillary film and the second capillary film can compensate evaporation loss, and water is transported to top by capillary effect from structure boundary,
It by solar energy heating and evaporates, heat insulation foam, which can be blocked, to be conducted at the top of capillary film to the heat of the water body under foam, is helped
In raising evaporation efficiency.
2) graphite particle is equably scattered and is applied to the second capillary film top surface, to increase more thin film evaporations
Region, while the high solar absorbability of graphite particle can make the performance of device have further improvement with high thermal conductivity.
These particles can easily recycle cycle by filtering, while its price is also relatively inexpensive compared to nano material.
3) graphite particle forms porous structure on fiber, and the inside is filled with liquid meniscus, by three region shapes
At：(I) absorption or without evaporation region, water in this region are adsorbed due to high separation pressure by graphite；(II) thin film region or mistake
Spend region.The region water surface is influenced by long range molecular force；(III) intrinsic meniscus surface area, water layer thickness rise quickly.
In binding domain, water is firmly attached on graphite, not the generation of heat and mass.However in thin membrane regions, water layer thickness is enough
Small to ensure low thermal resistance, while it is also very faint to detach pressure, therefore a large amount of heat causes water quickly to steam by this zone-transport
Send out the heat loss of speed and very little.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that capillary film overlays in heat insulation foam substrate in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of capillary film in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of single heat insulation foam substrate in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
Referring to Fig.1~Fig. 4, a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle, including
Waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1, heat insulation foam substrate 2, capillary film and bed of graphite particles 5, wherein
The sliding slot 11 for being useful for accommodating the adiabatic substrate 2 is horizontally disposed on the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1；
The heat insulation foam substrate 2 is provided with multiple, these heat insulation foam substrates 2 are installed on the waterproof and heat-insulating foam
Expose on the sliding slot 11 of boundary body 1 and the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1；
The first capillary film 3, and the bottom end of the first capillary film 3 is respectively set between per two adjacent heat insulation foam substrates 2
Less than the bottom end of heat insulation foam substrate 2, so that the bottom of the first capillary film 3 is immersed in the water；
The top of all heat insulation foam substrates 2 covers the second capillary film 4；
The bed of graphite particles 5 is layered on the top of the second capillary film 4, and graphite particle is averaged in bed of graphite particles 5
Grain size D≤50 μm, density p=10~100g/m of bed of graphite particles 52
Further, the first capillary film 3 be cloth, tulle, paper products or porous material, the second capillary film 4 be cloth,
Tulle, paper products or porous material.First capillary film 3 and the second capillary film 4 can select same material, can also select not
Same material.
Further, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 is overall U-shaped, and institute is respectively set in the medial surface of two side
Sliding slot 11 is stated, the heat insulation foam substrate 2 is installed on this two sliding slots 11, to keep stable.
Further, each heat insulation foam substrate 2 is in rectangular shape.
Further, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 and/or heat insulation foam substrate 2 are polyethylene foamed.
Building for this solar still is as follows：Heat insulation foam is placed under the second capillary film 4 to reduce because of heat froth
Under water body caused by thermal loss, specifically, the second capillary film 4 and water body, which are adiabatic foam substrate 2, is isolated, and water passes through
Capillary effect is transported to the second capillary film 4 and bed of graphite particles 5 from the first capillary film 3, by solar energy heating and evaporates.Thermal insulation bubble
Foam substrate 2 can be blocked conducts from the heat of the water body under the second capillary film 4 and bed of graphite particles 5 to foam.
The selection of material can be the material in very common life, such as capillary film can be cloth, tulle, paper handkerchief etc.,
As long as their capillary water absorption ability is sufficiently strong to compensate evaporation loss；And waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 and heat insulation foam base
Material that bottom 2 needs waterproof, that density ratio water is small, such material can just float on the water.The wicking capacity of capillary film can be used
Regain is weighed, and for flax material, regain 12.5%, this data comparison is in other daily capillary materials such as cottons
Flower (8.5%) is very high.And polyethylene foamed material is relatively cheap, while there is recyclable, anticorrosion and nontoxicity etc.
Advantage.Therefore, present invention preferably employs be black linen goods and polyethylene foamed is used separately as capillary film and heat insulation foam
The material of 2/ waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 of substrate.
To further strengthen evaporation, graphite particle is equably scattered and is applied to the second capillary film top surface to increase
More thin film evaporation regions, while the high solar absorbability of graphite particle can make the performance of device with high thermal conductivity
There is further improvement.These particles can easily recycle cycle by filtering, while the price of graphite particle compares nanometer
Material is also cheap very much.
Graphite particle forms porous structure on fiber, and the inside is filled with liquid meniscus, is formed by three regions：
(I) absorption or without evaporation region, water in this region are adsorbed due to high separation pressure by graphite；(II) thin film region or transition zone
Domain.The region water surface is influenced by long range molecular force；(III) intrinsic meniscus surface area, water layer thickness rise quickly.It is inhaling
Attached region, water are firmly attached on graphite, not the generation of heat and mass.However in thin membrane regions, water layer thickness it is sufficiently small with
Ensure low thermal resistance, while it is also very faint to detach pressure, therefore a large amount of heat leads to water evaporation speed quickly by this zone-transport
The heat loss of degree and very little.
Graphite particle can form a coarse porous surface, and incident light can be absorbed or scattered, part by particle
Scattering light can be trapped in the hole of graphite particle composition until being completely absorbed, therefore have higher light to inhale using bed of graphite particles
Yield.Therefore, because system has good thermotransport performance and absorbing properties, the ratio that solar energy is converted to internal steam work can
Up to 80%, that is, device energy efficiency up to 80%.
The waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 is a U-shaped structure as shown in Figure 3, and in other two opposite side
On be provided with sliding slot 11；1 internal void width of waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body is about 0.5m, and 11 depth of sliding slot is about 0.01m, sliding slot
11 height are about 0.01m.Open up sliding slot as with evaporation 2 matched link of substrate, make one by one that heat insulation foam substrate 2 can be with
Be tightly embedded intp in sliding slot 11, to block and fix one by one heat insulation foam substrate 2 in internal cavities.
As shown in Figure 5 single heat insulation foam substrate 2 be in rectangular shape, 2 length of heat insulation foam substrate than U-shaped waterproof every
The internal void width of thermal foam boundary body 1 is bigger, and length is about 0.52m, and width is about 0.03m, and height is about 0.01m.For
Make entire evaporation efficiency higher, enough heat insulation foam substrates 2 are needed in a device, so heat insulation foam substrate 2 exists
When being assemblied in frame, it is about 2mm to make each 2 close-packed arrays of heat insulation foam substrate, adjacent segment as far as possible, and this gap can be put
Set the first capillary film 3.The fixation of heat insulation foam substrate 2 relies on the sliding slot of heat insulation foam substrate 2 and waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1
Close contact between 11 and heat insulation foam substrate 2 is realized.Waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body 1 be set as U-shaped be because：
(1) facilitate heat insulation foam substrate 2 to assemble, closely filled in cavity from being open one section in an orderly manner；
(2) last block heat insulation foam substrate 2 can play the role of conduct heat localization and boundary heat preservation simultaneously so that have
Limit space maximizes the use.
As shown in Figure 2, the first capillary film 3 and the second capillary film 4 may be used a monoblock film and fold to be formed, this monoblock film
It is covered in heat insulation foam substrate 2, and lower end is immersed in water, the width of folded portion is about the i.e. adjacent heat insulation foams of 2mm
The gap of substrate 2, while to ensure that lower end is totally submerged in water to be evaporated.It is uniform in the upper surface of this monoblock film simultaneously
It is provided with " graphite mud " i.e. one layer of very thin graphite particle, to increase thin film evaporation region.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle, which is characterized in that including waterproof
Heat barrier foam boundary body, heat insulation foam substrate, capillary film and bed of graphite particles, wherein
The sliding slot for being useful for accommodating the adiabatic substrate is horizontally disposed on the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body；
The heat insulation foam substrate is provided with multiple, these heat insulation foam substrates are installed on the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body
Sliding slot on and expose to the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body；
The first capillary film is respectively set between per two adjacent heat insulation foam substrates, and the bottom end of the first capillary film is less than thermal insulation
The bottom end of foam substrate, so that the bottom of the first capillary film is immersed in the water；
The top of all heat insulation foam substrates covers the second capillary film, and the second capillary film is contacted with the first capillary film；
The bed of graphite particles is layered on the top of the second capillary film, and in bed of graphite particles graphite particle average grain diameter D≤
50 μm, density p=10~100g/m of bed of graphite particles2 。
2. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the material that the first capillary film can absorb water through capillary action, the second capillary film is can be through capillary action
The material of water suction.
3. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the first capillary film be cloth, tulle, paper products or porous material, the second capillary film be cloth, tulle,
Paper products or porous material.
4. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body is overall U-shaped, the cunning is respectively set in the medial surface of two side
Slot, the heat insulation foam substrate is installed on this two sliding slots, to keep stable.
5. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, each heat insulation foam substrate is in rectangular shape.
6. a kind of solar still promoting evaporation using capillary film and graphite particle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the waterproof and heat-insulating foam boundaries body and/or heat insulation foam substrate, which are density, is less than 0.8g/cm3, thermal conductivity it is low
In the foamed material of 0.1w/m/k.
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| CN201710794245.XA CN108302515B (en) | 2017-09-06 | 2017-09-06 | A kind of solar still evaporated using film and graphite particle |
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| CN108302515A true CN108302515A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
| CN108302515B CN108302515B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626620A (en) * | 2020-12-13 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南德智新材料有限公司 | Evaporator for hydride vapor phase epitaxial growth of gallium nitride |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005193083A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-21 | Takehiro Nosoko | Solar-heat distilling apparatus |
| WO2012143177A2 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | Sandvik Materials Technology Deutschland Gmbh | Flat-plate solar collector, method for producing a flat-plate solar collector and solar thermal system |
| CN103964526A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation |
| CN106006808A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 北京理工大学 | Floating sea water desalination film with backheating capillary action |
| CN205717132U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-11-23 | 南京纳清建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of device producing steam based on photothermal deformation |
-
2017
- 2017-09-06 CN CN201710794245.XA patent/CN108302515B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005193083A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-21 | Takehiro Nosoko | Solar-heat distilling apparatus |
| WO2012143177A2 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-26 | Sandvik Materials Technology Deutschland Gmbh | Flat-plate solar collector, method for producing a flat-plate solar collector and solar thermal system |
| CN103964526A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation |
| CN205717132U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-11-23 | 南京纳清建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of device producing steam based on photothermal deformation |
| CN106006808A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 北京理工大学 | Floating sea water desalination film with backheating capillary action |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626620A (en) * | 2020-12-13 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南德智新材料有限公司 | Evaporator for hydride vapor phase epitaxial growth of gallium nitride |
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