CN108299009B - Water-soluble ceramic core prepared from wood material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Water-soluble ceramic core prepared from wood material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108299009B
CN108299009B CN201810244521.XA CN201810244521A CN108299009B CN 108299009 B CN108299009 B CN 108299009B CN 201810244521 A CN201810244521 A CN 201810244521A CN 108299009 B CN108299009 B CN 108299009B
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wood material
powder
core
water
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CN108299009A (en
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董寅生
朱文杰
柯瑞
盛晓波
郭超
黄志海
储成林
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Southeast University
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
    • C04B35/62209—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse using woody material, remaining in the ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for utilizingThe water-soluble ceramic core is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder. Compared with the prior art, the wood material powder is added into the water-soluble ceramic core ingredients, so that the strength of the core is improved, the porosity of the core is improved to a certain extent, the core is more easily removed, and the core has better service performance. The added wood material powder is powder obtained by crushing waste shells, fruit shells, wood or bamboo scraps, and has wide sources and low price.

Description

Water-soluble ceramic core prepared from wood material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water-soluble ceramic core prepared from a wood material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of core casting.
Background
The current industrial manufacturing technology is continuously developed towards precision, practicability and integration, the material forming manufacturing technology is continuously developed towards precision forming, and a casting with a complex inner cavity is produced by adopting a precision water-soluble ceramic core.
With the increasing demand for light weight in industrial production, in recent years, the share of traditional steel and iron parts tends to decrease gradually in terms of materials, and the application of light alloys represented by aluminum and magnesium alloys has made great progress; in the aspect of part structures, functions realized by combining a plurality of parts are gradually realized by adopting single parts, the number of parts is reduced by casting instead of forging and casting instead of riveting, the weight of equipment is reduced, and the reliability of the equipment is improved.
These variations not only complicate the shape of the casting, but often also design the internal cavity into a complex shape to maintain uniformity of the wall thickness of the casting, which presents new challenges to the casting production. On one hand, because the casting temperature of the aluminum and magnesium alloy is low, when the resin sand core is adopted to form the inner cavity, the collapsibility of the cast mold core is poor, and sand is not easy to generate during cleaning; on the other hand, the complex inner cavity is usually formed by combining a plurality of cores, the process design is complex, and the core combination is easy to generate deviation, so that the precision of the casting is influenced.
The water-soluble core can be used for well solving the problems, harmful gas is not generated during casting, the core can be dissolved and removed by hydraulic cleaning after the casting is formed, the cleaning is convenient and quick, no vibration or noise is generated, and the casting with a clean and smooth inner surface and good dimensional accuracy is obtained.
The water-soluble ceramic core taking the refractory material as the main body is a water-soluble core prepared by taking water-soluble inorganic salt and refractory ceramic material as raw materials, and the core has higher mechanical strength, refractoriness and chemical stability, and better water solubility, so that the damage of harsh depoling conditions to aluminum and magnesium alloy castings can be effectively avoided, and the water-soluble ceramic core has wide application prospect in aluminum and magnesium alloy precision casting.
In the casting production, the ceramic core is required to have high bending strength, high porosity and rapid permeability when contacting with water, and can meet the operation requirement of the forming process, and the ceramic core has the performance of rapid disintegration in water. The published patent "a high porosity water soluble ceramic core and method of making" (application No. 201710177975.5) discloses a method of making a high porosity water soluble ceramic core by adding activated carbon powder. The active carbon is obtained by carbonizing and activating a carbon-containing material, and the addition of the volatile active carbon can improve the porosity of the ceramic core, but has the defect of poor strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a water-soluble ceramic core prepared from a wood material and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a water-soluble ceramic core prepared from a wood material, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-100 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
Preferably, the water-soluble ceramic core prepared by using the wood material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
Preferably, the water-soluble ceramic core prepared by using the wood material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
Preferably, the particle size of the fused corundum powder is 300 meshes.
Preferably, the wood material powder is obtained by crushing waste shells, fruit shells, wood or bamboo scraps, and has a particle size of 120-200 meshes.
The preparation method of the water-soluble ceramic core prepared by using the wood material comprises the steps of pressing and forming the raw materials, and sintering to obtain the water-soluble ceramic core.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: and finally, embedding the pressed green body sample into an industrial alumina filler, and sintering to obtain the water-soluble ceramic core.
More specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the wood material powder into a drying oven, and drying for 2-3 h at 120-130 ℃;
(2) weighing the dried fused corundum powder, NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO3And wood material powder;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1.5-2 h at the rotating speed of 330-370 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 90-120 s under the pressure of 6-8 MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) embedding the pressed blank sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rise system, and sintering at 700-775 ℃ for 1-1.5 h to obtain the ceramic core
The ceramic core is prepared by directly adding the wood material powder into the ingredients, so that the production cost is reduced while the high strength and the high porosity of the ceramic core are maintained.
The technical effects are as follows: compared with the prior art, the ceramic core is prepared by adding the wood material powder into the raw materials, the powder can be prepared from waste shells, fruit shells, wood or bamboo scraps, the raw materials are wide in source, and the cost is low. The strength of the core can be improved, and the porosity of the core is improved to a certain extent, so that the core is more favorably removed.
Detailed Description
It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art from the following examples that the specific test results described in the examples are merely illustrative of the invention and should not, nor should they be construed as limiting the invention as described in the claims.
In the following examples, "120 mesh to 200 mesh" means that it passes through a 120 mesh sieve but not a 200 mesh sieve.
Example 1:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting into a drying oven, and drying at 130 ℃ for 2.5 h;
(2) weighing 80 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 4 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO316 parts of pistachio nut shell powder with the granularity of 120 meshes to 200 meshes;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1.5h at the rotating speed of 350 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 120s under the pressure of 6.5MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rise system, and sintering at 750 ℃ for 1h to obtain the core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is 8.3MPa, which is detected to be about 34% higher than that of the core without the shell powder (the core obtained by removing the shell powder according to the formula and the method of the embodiment) and the porosity is 38.5%.
Example 2:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the nut shell powder and the nut shell powder into an oven, and drying at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 2.5 h;
(2) weighing 90 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 6 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO320 parts of apricot kernel shell powder with the granularity of 120 meshes to 200 meshes;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1.5h at the rotating speed of 350 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 120s under the pressure of 6.5MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating at a set heating speed, and sintering at 750 ℃ for 1h to obtain the core.
The bending strength of the obtained core can reach 11.7MPa through detection, and compared with the core without the shell powder (the core obtained by removing the almond shell powder according to the formula and the method in the embodiment), the bending strength of the core is improved by about 48%, and the porosity of the core is 40.3%.
Example 3:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the nut shell powder and the nut shell powder into an oven, and drying at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 2.5 h;
(2) weighing 100 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 10 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO315 parts of walnut shell powder with the granularity of 120 meshes to 200 meshes;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 350 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 100s under the pressure of 7MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating at a set heating speed, and sintering at 750 ℃ for 1h to obtain the core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is 9.5MPa by detection. Compared with the core without the added shell powder (the core obtained by removing the walnut shell powder according to the formula and the method of the embodiment) is improved by about 30 percent, and the porosity is 38.8 percent.
Example 4:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the wood chips and the wood chips into a drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 3 h;
(2) weighing 95 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 3 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO320 parts of wood powder with the granularity of 120 meshes to 200 meshes;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 350 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 100s under the pressure of 8MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rising system, and sintering at 725 ℃ for 1h to obtain the mold core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is 10.95MPa through detection. Compared with the core without wood chips (the core obtained after wood flour is removed according to the formula and the method of the embodiment), the strength is improved by about 30.3 percent, and the porosity is 40.5 percent.
Example 5:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the wood chips and the wood chips into a drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 3 h;
(2) weighing the dried particle size according to a preset proportion85 parts of 300-mesh fused corundum powder, 10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39 parts of bamboo powder with the granularity of 120 meshes to 200 meshes and 2 parts of bamboo powder;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 350 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 100s under the pressure of 8MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rising system, and sintering at 725 ℃ for 1h to obtain the mold core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is 9.18 MPa. Compared with the core without wood chips (the core obtained after the bamboo powder is removed according to the formula and the method of the embodiment), the strength is improved by about 35 percent, and the porosity is 41.6 percent.
Example 6:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the wood chips and the wood chips into a drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 h;
(2) weighing 85 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 10 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO312 parts of bamboo powder with the granularity of 120 plus 200 meshes by 2 parts;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 330 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 120s under the pressure of 6MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rising system, and sintering at 700 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the mold core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is 10.55 MPa. Compared with the core without wood chips (the core obtained after the bamboo powder is removed according to the formula and the method of the embodiment), the strength is improved by about 26 percent, and the porosity is 41.9 percent.
Example 7:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3And placing the wood chips into an oven atDrying at 120 ℃ for 2 h;
(2) weighing 85 parts of dried fused corundum powder with the granularity of 300 meshes, 8 parts of NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO318 parts of wood powder with the granularity of 120-;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1.5h at the rotating speed of 370 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 90s under the pressure of 6MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) and embedding the pressed sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rising system, and sintering at 775 ℃ for 1h to obtain the mold core.
The bending strength of the obtained core is detected to be 12.11 MPa. Compared with the core without wood chips (the core obtained after wood powder is removed according to the formula and the method of the embodiment), the strength is improved by about 34 percent, and the porosity is 40.4 percent.
Comparative example 1:
the same as example 1 except that the powder of the pistachio nut shell was replaced with the same weight of the activated carbon powder, and the core was tested to have a flexural strength of 6.2MPa and a porosity of 37.2%.
Comparative example 2:
the same as example 2, except that the apricot kernel shell powder was replaced with the same weight of activated carbon powder, and the other materials were the same, and the obtained core was tested to have a bending strength of 7.9Mpa and a porosity of 39.2%.
Comparative example 3:
the same as example 3, except that the walnut shell powder was replaced with the same weight of activated carbon powder, and the other was the same, the obtained core was tested to have a bending strength of 7.3Mpa and a porosity of 37.3%.
Comparative example 4:
the same as example 4 except that the wood powder was replaced with the same weight of activated carbon powder, and the core was tested to have a flexural strength of 8.4MPa and a porosity of 41.2%.
Comparative example 5:
the same as example 5 except that the bamboo powder was replaced with the same weight of activated carbon powder, and the core was tested to have a flexural strength of 6.8MPa and a porosity of 40.8%.

Claims (8)

1. A water-soluble ceramic core prepared from a wood material is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-100 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
2. The water-soluble ceramic core prepared from the wood material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
3. The water-soluble ceramic core prepared from the wood material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of fused corundum powder, 3-10 parts of NaCl and K2CO39-20 parts of wood material powder and 1-3 parts of wood material powder.
4. The water-soluble ceramic core manufactured by using the wooden material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fused corundum powder has a particle size of 300 meshes.
5. The water-soluble ceramic core prepared from the wood material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wood material powder is obtained by crushing waste shells, fruit shells, wood or bamboo scraps, and has a particle size of 120-200 meshes.
6. The method for preparing the water-soluble ceramic core made of the wooden material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water-soluble ceramic core is obtained by pressing and forming each raw material and then sintering.
7. The method of claim 6, comprising the steps of: and finally, embedding the pressed green body sample into an industrial alumina filler, and sintering to obtain the water-soluble ceramic core.
8. The method of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing fused corundum powder, NaCl and K2CO3Putting the wood material powder into a drying oven, and drying for 2-3 h at 120-130 ℃;
(2) weighing the dried fused corundum powder, NaCl and K according to a preset proportion2CO3And wood material powder;
(3) putting the weighed raw materials into a ball milling tank of a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1.5-2 h at the rotating speed of 330-370 r/min;
(4) pressing and molding the mixed raw materials, wherein the molding process is to keep the pressure for 90-120 s under the pressure of 6-8 MPa, and then demolding to obtain a blank;
(5) embedding the pressed blank sample into industrial alumina filler, heating according to a set temperature rise system, and sintering at 700-775 ℃ for 1-1.5 h to obtain the ceramic core.
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